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Momonisia Phreatica N. Gen., N. Sp. (Momoniidae, Hydrachnellae) Des Eaux Souterraines De Bulgarie, A. Petrova

International Journal of Speleology

Recent borings in the Veleka River drainage area (South Eastern Bulgaria) have shown a phreatic fauna with a new representative of Hydracarian of the family Momoniidae which constitute the type of a new genus: Momonisia phreatica n. gen. n. sp. The description is here given by the author. The most closely related Momoniid appears to be Momonia karelica Sokolov from Russian Carelia.

A New Species Of Sipuncula (Aspidosiphon Exiguus N.Sp.), Belonging To The Interstitial Fauna Of Marine Beaches Collected By Mr. L. Botosaneanu During The Second Cuban-Romanian Biospeleological Expedition To Cuba 1973, S. J. Edmonds

International Journal of Speleology

Aspidosiphon exiguous, a new species of Sipuncula, is decribed, belonging to the interstitial fauna of the beaches. The specimens were collected during the second Cuba-Romanian biospeleological expedition in 1973.

Subterranean Crustacea Decapoda Macrura Collected By Mr. L. Botosaneanu During The 1973 Cuban-Roumanian Biospeological Expedition To Cuba, L. B. Holthuis

International Journal of Speleology

During the 1973 Cuban Romanian Biospeleological Expedition to Cuba 5 species of cavernicolous Decapod Crustacea were collected: the Palaemonidae Troglocubanus gibarensis Chace, T. eigenmanni (Hay) and Macrobrachium faustinum lucifugum new subspecies. The second of these species now is reported for the first time from Isla de Pinos. The third form proved to be a new subspecies of Macrobrachium faustinum (De Saussure), a freshwater shrimp which is widely distributed in the West Indies. The new subspecies is not only known from Cuba, but also material from Jamaica, Curacao and Bonaire is reported. A new locality is reported for Barbouria cubensis (Von …

A New Centromerus From Bulgarian Caves (Araneae, Linyphiidae), Christo Deltshev

International Journal of Speleology

A new species, Centromerus milleri, is described, which was collected in the cave “Karangil” near the town of Kardjali, Bulgaria. Centromerus milleri n. sp. belongs to the group of C. pabulator.

Un Diploure Japygidé Cavernicole Inėdit De Corse Dipljapyx Beroni N.Sp., J. Pages

International Journal of Speleology

Dipljapyx beroni n.sp. has been collected from two caves in Corsica. From its antennae with 31 articles, chaetotaxia of urites and subcoxal organs well-characterized, it appears to be an endemic Corsican species, situated between D. humberti Grassi found in the western Alps, and D. italicus Silv. peculiar to the Italian Peninsula. It is closely related to the first of those two species. There is no morphologic feature indicating it as a troglophilic species.

Size And Growth Of The Eyes Of The Troglobitic Salamander Typhiotriton Spelaeus, Joseph C. Besharse, Ronald A. Brandon

International Journal of Speleology

The eyes of larval T. spelaeus grow by negative allometry, but in allometric coefficients they are not greatly different from E. lucifuga. The major differences in eye size, both absolute and relative to body size, between T. spelaeus and E. lucifuga are established prior Io the larval growth period. The eyes of T. spelaeus cease to grow at metamorphosis and are reduced in size thereafter. In addition, there is increased individual variability and bilateral asymmetry of eye size in adult T. spelaeus compared to both adult E. lucifuga and larval T. spelaeus. This variability, expressed as relative dispersion …

Observations Sur Stenasellus Virei Dans Ses Biotopes Naturels (Crustacea Isopoda Asellota Des Eaux Souterraines), Guy Magniez

International Journal of Speleology

Thanks to intensive exploration and to new methods for capturing aquatic underground fauna, 117 localities are now known for Stenasellus virei. The description of some typical biotopes suggests that the species lives as well in karstic waters as in phreatic ones, inside the different environment of the hydrogeological classification of subterranean waters. St. virei buchneri and St. v. hussoni are almost cavernicolous. St. v. angelieri is distributed in the underground waters of Catalonia. St. v. boui is located in the underflow of Salat river basin. St. v. virei is widely distributed in the alluvial water-level of Garonne and Ebro …

Données Faunistiques Et Ecologiques Sur Les Stenasellidae (Crustacea Isopoda Asellota Des Eaux Souterraines), Guy Magniez

International Journal of Speleology

Some important morphological features, which are discussed here, point out that the Stenasellids (Crustacea Isopoda Asellota) must be considered as a true family (Stenasellidae), independent from the Asellidae. A definition and a renewed diagnosis of the Stenasellidae Dudich, 1924, are given. Their relationships must be pursued, especially in the marine Parastenetroidea and in the psammic Microcerberidae. Until 1938, the group was known only from subterranean waters of southern Europe. Now, several genera and many thermophile species from north-tropical underground waters have been discovered in Africa (5 gen., 12 sp.), Asia (1 gen., 2 sp.) …

Free Amino Acids In A Cave Beetle Darlingtonea Kentuckensis Valentine (Coleoptera: Carabidae), R. J. Sperka

International Journal of Speleology

Free amino acids of Darlingtonea kentuckensis were investigated by two-dimensional, thin-layer chromatography on Silica Gel G. Thirteen amino acids which could be identifìed (alanine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, isoleucine and/or leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine and valine) and seven unidentified ninhydrin-positive spots were found. Beta-Alanine, alpha-amino-butyric acid, arginine, aspartic acid, cystine, hydroxyproline and methionine were not detected. No difference was observed in the free amino acids with respect to sex of beetle, time after feeding and method of sample preparation.

Pseudoscorpions Cavernicoles De La Macédoine, B. P. M. Ćurčić

International Journal of Speleology

A cavernicolous pseudoscorpion of the genus Neobisium Chamberlin 1930 is living in Kalina Dupka cave in the Bistra Highland of western Macedonia. This pseudoscorpion clearly differs from the other members of the subgenus Blothrus Schiodte 1849, and belongs to the new species N. (B.) princeps, the principal features of which are described in this study. The nearest relatives of this species are N. (B.) spelaeum (Schiodte) 1849, and N. (B.) stygium Beier 1931, both from Slovenian and Croatian caves. From chelal dentition N. (B.) princeps may be considered as the most primitive element of the princeps-stygium-spelaeum series. This new …

Biology And Ecology Of The El Convento Cave-Spring System (Puerto Rico), G. Nicholas

International Journal of Speleology

The El Convento Cave-Spring System is located at the head of the Quebrada de Los Cedros, approximately 20 km. west of Ponce, southwestern Puerto Rico. Although situated in an arid environment, the gorge receives sufficient moisture from the cave-spring system to support an abundant flora, with Bucida buceras and Bursera simaruba as the dominant trees. The cave is frequently flooded and possesses a rich nutrient substrate in the form of bat guano. Numerous orthopterans (Aspiduchus cavernicola and Amphiacusta annulipes), decapoda (Macrobrachium carcinus and Epilobocera sinuatifrons), and chiroptera (Brachyphylla cavernarum and Artebius jamaicensis) are present. …

Un Nouvel Asellide Interstitiel D'Espagne Méridionale Bragasellus Boui N. Sp. (Crustacea Isopoda Asellota) Et Considérations Sur Les Genres Européens D'Asellides, Jean-Paul Henry, Guy Magniez

International Journal of Speleology

Description of a new, unpigmented and eyeless Asellid, belonging to the iberian genus Bragasellus Henry et Magniez, 1968. Bragasellus boui, n.sp., lives on the bottom of a river that is a tributary of Guadalquivir River (Southern Spain). Bragasellus, Proasellus, Stygasellus and Synasellus are four genuine phyletic lines of European Asellidae, all of them independent of each other, and the authors confirm their validity as true genera.

Geology And Hydrology Of The El Converto Cave-Spring System, Southwestern Puerto Rico, Barry F. Beck

International Journal of Speleology

Whereas the North Coast Tertiary Limestones of Puerto Rico are classic karst locales, their southern counterparts are almost devoid of karst development. The El Convento Cave-Spring System is the most prominent feature of the only large scale karst area developed on the South Coast Tertiary limestones. The karst topography is localized on the middle Juana Diaz Formation, which is a reef facies limestone, apparently because of the high density and low permeability of this zone as compared to the surrounding chalks and marls. In the El Convento System a sinking ephemeral stream combines with the flow from two perennial springs …

The Growth And Toxicity Of The Florida Red Tide Organism, Gymnodinium Breve, Marion Tilton Doig Iii

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Mass mortalities of marine organisms in the Gulf of Mexico have been associated with blooms of the unarmored dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium breve. This investigation concerns the factors affecting the growth of G. breve and the properties of a toxin produced by the organism.

A modification of the Flask Test of the Provisional Algal Assay Procedure of the Joint Industry/Government Task Force on Eutrophication was used to determine the response of G. breve to various natural waters and enrichments. The growth-promoting potential of natural waters obtained from areas where outbreaks of G. breve frequently occur was greater than that of waters …

A Field Study Of Selected Ecological Properties Of Boca Ciega Bay And Adjacent Gulf Of Mexico, Geo-Marine, Inc.

Reports

This report describes a quantitative study of selected environmental parameters in a portion of Boca Ciega Bay and in the Gulf of Mexico adjacent to Johns Pass. The investigation included an analysis of hydrography and water quality during the period 14-20 February 1973. The objective of the study was to assess the present marine environment in order to judge the ecological feasibility of discharging tertiary treated sewage effluent into Boca Ciega Cay or secondary treated effluent into the Gulf of Mexico. The discharge would come from the proposed expansion of the South Cross Bayou sewage treatment plant.

Redescription Of Centromerus Bulgarianus (Drensky 1931) And Centromerus Lakatnikensis (Drensky 1931), (Araneae, Linyphiidae), Ch. Deltshev

International Journal of Speleology

The type specimens (lectotypes) of Centromerus bulgarianus and C. lakatnikensis, preserved in the collection of the Zoological Institut — BAN, Sofia, are redescribed. The redescription is necessary, because the original description is superficial and the drawings are inexact. Moreover, the male of C. lakatnikensis was unknown.

Note Sulla Distribuzione Dei Trichoniscidae In Sardegna (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscoidea), Roberto Argano, Mauro Rampini

International Journal of Speleology

The study of the biogeography of the eight species of Isopoda Trichoniscidae from Sardegna brings to consider the faunistic relationships happened in the past between the island and the Pyrenees. Two of the species are eutroglophilous and rather widespread; the other six are troglobic and endemic to Sardinia. Five of the latter show strong affinity to Pyrenees forms. A detailed description is given of the distribution of the various species. This distribution makes possible some observations on the history of the fauna of the island.

The Evolution Of The Eastern North American Isopods Of The Genus Asellus (Crustacea: Asellidae) Part Ii, Laurence E. Fleming

International Journal of Speleology

This paper is the second in the three part series dealing with the evolution of the North American isopods of the genus Asellus. The generic status of Asellus is discussed with emphasis placed on the newly proposed genera of Henry and Magniez (1968). Use is made of comparative anatomical and where feasible statistical methods during this investigation. The first, shorter portion of the study deals with the presentation of evidence supporting the viewpoint that if "Pseudobaicalasellus” is to be considered a valid genus then it must include the members of the Cannulus Group of Steeves (1965). The …

Breeding And Fecundity In A Subterranean Mysid, Lepidomysis Longipes (Pillai And Mariamma), C. N. Nath

International Journal of Speleology

The hypogean mysid, Lepidomysis longipes has a breeding period extending from December to April with the peak period in March. A secondary breeding period appears in August and September. The females have low fecundity and carry a maximum of nine eggs. Development is delayed due to lack of nourishment in the environment. The mysids breed only once a year.

Biotope Et Description De Niphargus Altagahizi N. Sp., Amphipode Gammaridé Souterrain Du Liban, N. Alouf

International Journal of Speleology

Description of a small warm cave situated along the Mediterranean shore; the temperature of water varies from 14 to 19°C. Inhabiting this cave is Niphargus altagahizi, a new species related to orcinus s.l. group. Description of this species and comparison with the other Lebanese species, N. nadarini.

Stato Attuale Delle Conoscenze Sugli Histeridae Ipogei, Vincenzo Vomero

International Journal of Speleology

The author makes some considerations on troglobitic and endogeous world Histeridae. All these species present extreme reduction of eyes or are completely blind; all are wingless and only one is brachipterous. The Histeridae described here belong to the following genera: Speleacritus Jeannel and Spelaeabraeus Moro (Abraeinae), Sardulus Patrizi, Bacanius Le Conte, Troglobacanius Vomero and Geoculus Wenzel. (Dendrophilinae, Bacanius group). Finally some considerations on troglophylic and guanobitic Histeridae are made, reporting the recent discovery of a new genus and of some new species belonging to guanobitic biocoenosis of Mexican tropical caves.

Observations Sur La Faune Aquatique Souterraine De Cuba, L. Botosaneanu

International Journal of Speleology

A short account on some achievements of the cubano-romanian biospeleological expeditions to Cuba in the study of the aquatic subterranean faunas. The following divisions of the aquatic subterranean realm are reviewed together with their most characteristic faunal elements: “guano pools” and rimstone pools in the vadose zone of the caves; underground streams; water table (and other) lakes in the caves; “pozzos” carved in the limestone, and “grietas” which are vertical clefts in the limestone of marine terraces, giving access to fresh- or to brackish water; the interstitial of the marine beaches; the underflow of running waters. At present, thorough biospeleological …

A New Troglobitic Isopod Of The Genus Lirceus (Asellidae) From Southwestern Virginia, With Notes On Its Ecology And Additional Cave Records For The Genus In The Appalachians, John R. Holsinger, Thomas E. Bowman

International Journal of Speleology

Lirceus usdagalun new species, the first known troglobitic species of the genus, is described from three caves in Lee County, Virginia. The potential taxonomic value of the endopod tip of the male second pleopod, heretofore dismissed as a diagnostic character in this genus, is pointed out. Some general ecological data for the new species are presented, and cave records for other populations of Lirceus spp. from the Appalachians are given.

A New Troglohyphantes From Bulgarian Caves (Araneae, Linyphiidae), Ch. Deltshev

International Journal of Speleology

A new species Troglohyphantes drenskii is described, which was collected in the cave “Suchata pestera” near Velingrad, Bulgaria. Troglohyphantes drenskii n.sp. belongs to the group of T. orpheus and is related to T.salax and T.pademontanus.

Temperature Preference Responses Of Some Aquatic, Cave-Adapted Crustaceans From Central Texas And Northeastern México, William R. Elliott, Robert W. Mitchell

International Journal of Speleology

The temperature preference responses of five species of troglobite crustaceans were studied in a 15°-30°C gradient. Stygonectes hadenoecus, S. russelli and Asellus reddelli had no discernible temperature preferenda. Speocirolana bolivari had a weak preference for 20-30°C. Cirolanides texensis had a pronounced preference for 20-30°C, temperatures much warmer than that of its habitat. The lack of temperature preferenda in three species agrees with the hypothesis that imprisoned troglobites tend to lose responses to those environmental variables which are constant in caves. S. bolivari may retain its temperature selectivity because of a slow rate of cave-adaptation. It is hypothised that C. …

A New Cavernicolous Species Of The Pseudoscorpion Genus Roncus L. Koch, 1873 (Neobisiidae, Pseudoscorpiones) From The Balkan Peninsula, Božidar P. M. Ćurčić

International Journal of Speleology

Roncus (Parablothrus) pljakici, a new species of cave living pseudoscorpions, is described from the cave ‘Pecina u selu Vrelo’ on Mt. Stara Planina, East Serbia. The problem of its taxonomic position in the subgenus is discussed. The new species is the first representative of Parablothrus to be found in Serbia. It seems possible that R. (P.) pljakici represents an endemic species, specialized for a cavernicolous way of living. The analogies of this and other species of the subgenus point to some similar phenomena which occur in other genera of Balkan false scorpions (Ćurčić 1972). In all these cases, a …

Description Du Mâle De Mexistenasellus Parzefalli (Crustacea Isopoda Asellota Cavernicole Du Mexique) Et Observations Sur Cette Espèce, Guy Magniez

International Journal of Speleology

Description of the male of the Mexican cavernicolous Stenasellid Mexistenasellus parzefalli Magniez, 1972, from Huizache Cave, San-Luis Potosi State, Mexico. In the female with a brood pouch, the coxopodit of the maxilliped contains two provisional, oostegit-like plates, whereas the ovigerous female of european Stenasellids have only the inner one. This temporary sexual female character is known in other Isopods, such as the cavernicolous Caecosphaeroma burgundum Dollfus.

Ragni Delle Filippine, 1. Un Nuovo Althepus Cavernicolo Dell'isola Di Mindanao (Araneae, Ochyroceratidae), Paolo Marcello Brignoli

International Journal of Speleology

Althepus noonadanae n.sp. is described (female; male unknown; loc. typ.: Latuan Cave, Curuan district, Mindanao, Philippines); it can be distinguished from the other known species by the morphology of the chelicerae and of the female genitalia. It is not related to any of the very few described species. A key for the female Althepus is given.

Feeding Behavior Of The Salamander Gyrinophilus Porphyriticus In Caves, David C. Culver

International Journal of Speleology

The feeding responses of salamander larvae (Gyrinophilus porphyriticus) from caves in the Powell Valley in Virginia were investigated in the laboratory. The larvae locate prey by mechanoreception and capture the prey by a rapid sucking action, much like cave-limited salamanders do. Feeding success is greater with the isopod Asellus recurvatus (about 90 per cent) than with the amphipod Crangonyx antennatus (about 50 per cent), and this largely accounts for the higher frequency of A. recurvatus taken in choice experiments. G. porphyriticus readily ingested the unfamiliar isopod Lirceus usdagalun, but it took four weeks before it was digested …

Ii Popolamento Di Ragni Nelle Grotte Tropicali (Araneae), Paolo Marcello Brignoli

International Journal of Speleology

The so called “tropical” caves (most of which are also geographically “tropical”) are distinguished from the “temperate” caves by the much larger trophic resources. Spiders are common in both kinds of caves, but the groups present in one kind are mostly absent in the other (notwithstanding that many families are distributed over at least one temperate and one tropical region). As in all temperate caves more or less the same groups of spiders can be found, so the tropical caves have a typical spider fauna, composed of different groups (often also more than those present in the temperate caves). In …