Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Fuzziness And Catastrophe, Martin Zwick, Daniel Guy Schwartz, George G. Lendaris

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

In a recent short note, Flondor has alluded to a possible linkage of fuzzy set theory and catastrophe theory. We consider several features of catastrophe theory, namely the properties of discontinuous jumps, hysteresis, and divergence in the "cusp catastrophe," and the role of the bias factor in the "butterfly catastrophe," which have affinities to and suggest possible extensions of fuzzy set ideas. Certain functions extensively considered in catastrophe theory lend themselves in some cases to interpretation as membership functions. The use of such functions may be of interest for the characterization of linguistic descriptions which are time-varying and encompass both …

An Assessment Of The Transmission Electron Microscope For The Study Of Aerosol-Gas Interactions: Direct Observations Of Sodium Chloride Hydration Phenomena, Antony David Clarke

Dissertations and Theses

An experimental study of solid-gas interactions was made for sodium chloride particles, using a specially fabricated environmental chamber in a transmission electron microscope. It was found that under suitable conditions the hydration and dehydration of these particles could be directly observed and quantitatively measured. Measurements of growth were obtained with a time resolution of one-thirtieth of a second for particles having diameters ranging from 0.02 μm to 1.0 μm.

"Needed Social Innovations (Lecture 2)", John Rader Platt

Special Collections: Oregon Public Speakers

No abstract provided.

"Environmental Simulation And Long-Term Planning", Michael A. Arbib

Special Collections: Oregon Public Speakers

With Cooper, W. Ecosystems.

"Toxic Chemicals In The Environment", William E. Cooper

Special Collections: Oregon Public Speakers

Presented and recorded with Arbib, M. A., "Environmental Simulation and Long-Term Planning."

"Ecosystems", William E. Cooper

Special Collections: Oregon Public Speakers

From a lecture series with M.A. Arbib, "Environmental simulation and long-term planning."

"Space Settlements", John Billingham

Special Collections: Oregon Public Speakers

No abstract provided.

An Investigation Of Arsenic(V)-Catechol Complexes, Ronald P. Haak

Dissertations and Theses

There is not, at this time, a simple method for the simultaneous determination of As (III) and As (V) at trace levels. The development of such as method is needed, as the toxicities of these two species differ so greatly.

As (III) and As (V) are polarographically reducible in the presence of excess catechol, but the wave produced by As (V) is depended on time, pH and catechol concentration as well as As (V) concentration. In order to understand this behavior, determination of formation constants for any complex species present were needed to identify which species is electroactive. The literature …

Existence Of The Dielectric Constant In Fluids Of Nonlinear Rigid Polar Molecules, John D. Ramshaw

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The existence of the dielectric constant epsilon is investigated for fluids composed of nonlinear rigid polar molecules. The investigation is performed using the functional-derivative approach previously employed to establish sufficient conditions for the existence of epsilon in fluids of linear (axially symmetric) molecules. It is shown that these same conditions are sufficient for nonlinear molecules of arbitrary symmetry. An expression for epsilon in terms of the direct correlation function emerges automatically from the development. This expression, which involves the inversion of a 3 x 3 matrix, is a slight generalization of one obtained earlier by Hoye and Stell using an …

Dialectical Laws And Elementary Catastrophes, Martin Zwick

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

In the newly developed Catastrophe Theory of Rene Thorn and E.C. Zeeman, it is possible to find mathematical interpretation of certain aspects of Hegelian and Marxist dialectics. Specifically, the three "classical" dialectical principles, (1) the transformation of quantity into quality, ( 2) the mutual interpenetration(or - the unity and struggle) of opposites, and (3) the negation of the negation, can be modeled using the seven "elementary catastrophe " given by Thom , especially the catastrophe known as the "cusp." Far from being an empty metaphysics or scholasticism, as critics have argued , these principles embody genuine insights into a class …

The Stratigraphy And Structure Of The Columbia River Basalt In The Clackamas River Drainage, James Lee Anderson

Dissertations and Theses

The Clackamas River drainage within the western Cascade Range is approximately aligned with a northwest trending lineation defined by the Portland Hills and the Brothers Fault zone. This area is occupied by an extensive Columbia River Basalt sequence that is deeply incised by the Clackamas River and its tributaries. Two major basalt units of the Yakima Basalt Subgroup, including the Grande Ronde Basalt and the Frenchman Springs Member of the Wanapurn Basalt, are distinguishable in a 515 meter to 550 meter accumulation. Of particular interest is the presence of five trending right-lateral strike-slip faults is consistent with a stress model …

A Study Of Estuarine Sedimentation In South Slough, Coos Bay, Oregon, Charles Allen Baker

Dissertations and Theses

Sediments in the South Slough Estuarine Sanctuary, Coos Bay, Oregon, were sampled and studied in order to determine the sources, dispersal systems and depositional facies of sedimentation. The purpose of the study was to establish baseline measurements and observations on the existing sediment conditions within the relatively undisturbed South Slough Estuarine Sanctuary

A Technique To Calculate Complex Electromagnetic Fields By Using The Finite Element Method, Davood Asgharian

Dissertations and Theses

A computer program based on Maxwell's equations is developed to calculate two-dimensional complex potentials by the Finite Element Method. This study offers a solution to a complex continuum problem by allowing a subdivision into a series of simple interrelated problems. The region of interest is divided into triangular elements. For each node in the grid, the Finite Element Method is used to set up an equation for the potential as a function of those of the surrounding nodes. All these equations are solved by the Gaussian Elimination Method. For increased accuracy this method requires a high degree of division of …

Petrology Of The Bull-Of-The-Woods Intrusive Complex, James Streshley Jackson

Dissertations and Theses

An area of unmapped intrusions lies within the Bull-of-the-Woods Roadless Area of Mount Hood National Forest. A variety of andesites, dacites,and diorites intruding units of tuff and andesite lava flows crop out over.an area of 52 sq km. These intrusions do not appear on the Geologic Map of Oregon West of the 121st Meridian (Hells and Peck, 1961). The purpose of this investigation is to map and describe these intrusions, with attention to the following questions:

What is the petrographic and geochemical nature of these intrusions?

What is the order of emplacement of these intrusions?

What is the probable mechanism …

Stratigraphy And Petrography Of The Selah Member Of The Ellensburg Formation In South-Central Washington And North-Central Oregon, Mavis Hensley Kent

Dissertations and Theses

The Ellensburg Formation of south-central Washington and north-central Oregon has been described by many workers from the time of the original description by Russell (1893) to recent work by Schmincke (1964). However, detailed information concerning the stratigraphy and petrography of the Ellensburg Formation in south-central Washington and north-central Oregon is not available. This study is among the first detailed studies made for a member of the Ellensburg Formation; it provides a specific comparison with the type Ellensburg of central Washington.

New Evidence Supporting The Assignment Of Glutamic Acid As An Iron Ligand In Hemerythrin, Patricia M. Gormley

Dissertations and Theses

The amino acid sequence determination of Phascolopsis gouldii hemerythrin in the region of the proposed iron ligand at position 58 was the main objective of this research endeavor. Generation of a large peptide was pursued by trypsin digestion of citraconylated hemerythrin producing peptide 50-113 for sequenator analysis. Detection of the phenylthiohydantoin amino acid derivatives by gas-liquid and high-performance-liquid chromatography yielded unambiguous sequence elucidation through the region of interest identifying residue 58 as glutamic acid.

Quantum Measurement And Gödel's Proof, Martin Zwick

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

The measurement problem in quantum mechanics has the character of a fundamental incompleteness within that theory similar to the incompleteness of axiomatic systems in mathematics, discovered and elaborated by Gödel and others. The difficulty of describing the measurement process by the time-dependent Schrodinger equation may reflect the limitations of formal language , and quantum theory may thus require a formalism consisting of two levels of description, one for the dynamics and one for measurement, levels whose relationship resembles that of a calculus and meta-calculus.

Dialectics And Catastrophe, Martin Zwick

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

The three classical principles of Hegelian and Marxist dialectics, (1) the transformation of quantity into quality, (2) the unity and struggle of opposites, and (3) the negation of negation, can be modeled with the Catastrophe Theory of René Thom and E. C. Zeeman, especially with the ‘elementary catastrophes’ known as the cusp and the butterfly.

Purification And Characterization Of Nadh Oxidase And Peroxidase From Lactobacillus Casei, Louise Ann Barstad

Dissertations and Theses

A protein exhibiting NADH oxidase and NADH peroxidase activity has been isolated from Lactobacillus casei in high purity. Evidence obtained through gel filtration, electrophoresis, and electrofocusing indicates that the two activities are characteristic of a single tetrameric protein with an approximate molecular weight of 240,000.

Involvement Of Hemerythrin Sulfhydryl Groups In Heavy Atom Binding And Subunit Interactions, Suzanne Elizabeth Clarke

Dissertations and Theses

Hemerythrin is a respiratory protein found in the erythrocytes of certain marine invertebrates. Structures have been obtained by x-ray crystallography for hemerythrins from Phascolopsis gouldii (P. gouldii) and Themiste dyscritum (T. dyscritum). Since many proteins are inactivated upon binding heavy metals such as mercury, an investigation of mercury-protein interactions in this protein was undertaken. In order to understand the nature of heavy-metal protein interactions in T. dyscritum it was necessary to identify the metalloprotein ligands since neither the liganding amino acid residues nor the geometry of the mercury complexes could be identified in the crystallographic studies.

The Chemistry Of Sf₅Br And Sf₅Cf=Cf₂ - Addition Reactions, Robin J. Debuhr

Dissertations and Theses

Addition reactions of pentafluorosulfur bromide (SF₅Br) with fluoroolefins were studied. Three new adducts were prepared, SF₅CHFCHC1Br, SF₅CH₂CH(CF₃)Br, SF₅CHFCFC1Br. SF₅Br and CFC1=CHC1 yielded a small amount of product but attempts to add SF₅Br to CF₂₌FCOF were unsuccessful.

The mechanism for these addition reactions seems to involve a free radical addition pathway. Steric factors seem to be important in determining whether SF₅Br will add to fluoroolefins.

The new compounds, SF₅CF(CF₃)COF and SF₅CF(CF₃ )CONH₂ have …

Biostratigraphy Of The Type Weberg Member, Snowshoe Formation, Grant County, Oregon, David G. Taylor

Dissertations and Theses

Thirty three species of ammonites are recorded from the composite type section of the Weberg Member of the Snowshoe Formation in the Suplee area, Grant County, Oregon. Holcophylloceras burkei, Euhoploceras westi, E. tubereulosum and Strigoceras taylori are described as new, while four new species belonging to the genera Sonninia [?], Bradfordia, Pseudotoites and Witchellia are not formally named. Three ammonite zonules characterize the ammonite sequence of the type Weberg composite section. The sequence correlates with parts of the standard lower and middle Bajocian (Jurassic) of northwestern Europe. In addition, four associations (paleo-communities) of benthic mega invertebrates, the Gervillia, Protocardia, Isocyprina …

Determination Of Mercury By Photoacoustic Spectroscopy, Robert Allen Cary

Dissertations and Theses

A new detector for atomic spectroscopy was developed based on the photoacoustic principle. A simple system was constructed based on this detector and applied to the trace analysis of mercury. The detection limit was found to be about 0.2 μg/1 of mercury with a one milliliter sample.

Characterization Of Trace Iron Species In Natural Water, James Robert Johnson

Dissertations and Theses

The distribution and speciation of trace metals in natural waters is only slightly, at best, understood. Interactions with organic substances can effectively distribute the metals throughout many ill-defined physical and chemical. To better comprehend the complexity of metal-organic interactions this work focused on the delineation of trace iron species present in a natural system. The separation of Fe(II) and Fe(III) was successfully accomplished using a variation of an ion exchange method involving resin-loaded filter paper. The quantitation of the various iron species was determined using linear scan voltammetry and atomic absorption. The total iron concentration, determined as the sum of …

"Address To Faculty And Students", Timothy Francis Leary

Special Collections: Oregon Public Speakers

Dr. Leary's first speech at Portland State University was ten years prior to this date. The recording of his 1967 talk was stolen from the Portland State library.

Analysis Of A Gravity Traverse South Of Portland, Oregon, Terry Dean Jones

Dissertations and Theses

The state gravity maps of Oregon and Washington show a gravity high centered south of Portland, Oregon and a gravity low in the Tualatin Valley to the west disrupting the regional gravity gradient which is controlled by crustal thickening. Detailed gravity surveys done in the Portland area are consistent with the state gravity maps but show considerably more detail. Quantitative interpretation of this data has provided new information on the subsurface structure in this area; recent work has yielded corroborative evidence for a fault zone bounding the east side of the Portland Hills, and has indicated the presence of faults …

The Petrology And Stratigraphy Of The Portland Hills Silt, Rodney Thomas Lentz

Dissertations and Theses

Topics in geology, which inevitably excite professional discussion and even tempered debate, often present challenging targets for the exploratory jabs of Master's degree candidates. The Portland Hills Silt and the controversy concerning its genesis provides just such an object.

Although the physical descriptions of the silt are generally in agreement, they remain somewhat generalized and, at present, no single definition is generally accepted. Moreover, incongruities concerning structural and textural details--notably, the presence of minor stratification and/or scattered pebbles in the silt--have resulted in considerable disagreement regarding its mode of origin.

An Improved Approach For "Optimization" Of Multiple Policy Objectives, Perihan Soliman Tawfik

Dissertations and Theses

This thesis involved three categories of activity; development and testing of an expanded version of ELECTRE II, also the development of a computer software program for ELECTRE II.

The expanded version of ELECTRE II took the form of an input aiding questionnaire along with a tailored structure to suit a particular problem. The contents of the questionnaire were based on geueral problem solving concepts (techniques, strategies) gleaned from the systems science literature. This questionnaire assumed a programmed instruction format in contrast to that of an interactive computer software package, so that it would not be prohibitive in terms of expenses …

Middle And Upper Eocene Biostratigraphy (Foraminifera) Of The Cascade Head Area, Lincoln And Tillamook Counties, Oregon, Arden D. Callender Jr.

Dissertations and Theses

An almost complete sequence of middle and upper marine strata, informally designated in this study as the "Strata of Cascade Head", has yielded 334 species and varieties of fossil Foraminifera. The Foraminifera were collected from 38 localities in four stratigraphic sections measured along the Salmon River, Neskowin Creek, Cascade Head Road, and near the town of Three Rocks in the central Oregon Coast Range.

Electron Microscopy Of Fibers And Discs Of Hemoglobin S Having Sixfold Symmetry, M. Ohtsuki, S. White, Elmar Zeitler, Tom Wellems, S. Fuller, Martin Zwick, Marvin Makinen, Paul Sigler

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

Aggregated forms of deoxyhemoglobin S were examined with a field emission transmission electron microscope. Images of isolated helical fibers were obtained from sickled cell lysates stained directly on the electron microscope grid. Optical and digital analyses of the electron micrographs showed that the fibers are similar to those characterized by J.T. Finch, M. F. Perutz, J. F. Bertles, and J. Dobler [(1973) Proc.NatL Acad. Sci. USA 70, 718-7221 in that they consist of stacked discs each composed of six hemoglobin molecules. The fibers exhibit an outer diameter of 160-170 A and an inner diameter of about 60 A with an …