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Articles 151 - 180 of 3121
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Role Of Remittances In Economic Growth And Environmental Sustainability: A Cross-Country Analysis, Bishnu B. Khatri, Omkar Poudel, Pradeep Acharya
The Role Of Remittances In Economic Growth And Environmental Sustainability: A Cross-Country Analysis, Bishnu B. Khatri, Omkar Poudel, Pradeep Acharya
Applied Environmental Research
Although remittances significantly influence economic stability, their role in sustainable growth and environmental impact remains uncertain. While these financial inflows enhance household welfare, their effects on gross domestic product (GDP), carbon emissions, and trade openness require further exploration. This study investigates the economic and environmental linkages of remittances in India, Mexico, China, the Philippines, and Pakistan, the top five remittance-receiving countries. Using panel data analysis, this study employs Dumitrescu Hurlin causality tests and dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) to assess the long-term and causal relationships between urbanization, trade openness, GDP per capita, carbon emissions, and remittances. Data from the World …
Microplastic Contamination In Commercially Important Bivalves Of Sorsogon Bay, Philippines, Sarina M.B. Arciga, Charmaine A. Malon, Kenneth N. Ballaran
Microplastic Contamination In Commercially Important Bivalves Of Sorsogon Bay, Philippines, Sarina M.B. Arciga, Charmaine A. Malon, Kenneth N. Ballaran
Applied Environmental Research
Sorsogon Bay, a key fishing ground in the Philippines, is known for its commercially important bivalve species: Perna viridis, Atrina pectinata, and Paphia undulata. Despite their ecological and economic value, limited research has been conducted on microplastic contamination in bivalves harvested from this area. This study aimed to assess the abundance and types of microplastics in commercially important bivalves (P. viridis, A. pectinata, and P. undulata) from Sorsogon Bay, Philippines. Commercial bivalve samples were randomly collected, digested with 10% w/v potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution, filtered (8 µm), and examined under a compound microscope. …
Sediment Grain Size Analysis And Characteristics Of Sedimentation Processes In The Bang Berd-Khao Tham Thong Beach, Chumphon Province, Rawadee Meeprasit, Sujaree Bureekul, Suriyan Saramul
Sediment Grain Size Analysis And Characteristics Of Sedimentation Processes In The Bang Berd-Khao Tham Thong Beach, Chumphon Province, Rawadee Meeprasit, Sujaree Bureekul, Suriyan Saramul
Applied Environmental Research
This study investigated the sedimentological characteristics of the Bang Berd-Khao Tham Thong beach system, which is located along the western shore of the central Gulf of Thailand, an area that is minimally disturbed by human activity and is ideal for studying natural coastal processes. Sediment samples were collected from both coastal and marine environments across four sampling periods (July 2022, September 2022, April 2023, and June 2023). The analysis focused on the grain size distribution, sorting, skewness, kurtosis, and sediment composition, revealing a predominance of medium sand in coastal sediments and increased silt and clay contents in marine sediments. The …
Effects Of Herbicides On 2,4-D-Resistant Soil Microorganisms In Maize Cultivation In Lopburi Province, Thailand, Boontarik Chimchart, Jitra Kokaew, Amnat Eamvijarn, Kanokon Bunpha, Sontaya Khamtib, Monchai Manassila, Tawatchai Inboonchuay
Effects Of Herbicides On 2,4-D-Resistant Soil Microorganisms In Maize Cultivation In Lopburi Province, Thailand, Boontarik Chimchart, Jitra Kokaew, Amnat Eamvijarn, Kanokon Bunpha, Sontaya Khamtib, Monchai Manassila, Tawatchai Inboonchuay
Applied Environmental Research
This study aimed to assess the impact of herbicide application on soil micro-organism density and to identify microorganisms resistant to 2,4-D-dimethyl-ammonium (2,4-D) for potential biodegradation. Research was conducted in maize plots in Lopburi Province, where 2,4-D was applied at a rate of 120 g of active ingredient per 160 m2. The soil samples were collected at various intervals: before application; 2 and 4 hours postapplication; and 1, 3, and 7 days after application. The analyses included soil property and microorganism population analyses. The results indicated that 2,4-D applications significantly increased bacteria and fungi in the treated plots compared with those …
Low-Temperature Catalytic Oxidation Of White Spirit Vapor In Air By Binary Oxides Of Feo-Mnox Supported On Oms-2 Material, Ngo Quoc Nguyen, Pham Duy Quang, Nguyen Ha Nhu, Le Thi Van Anh, Nguyen Thi Thuy, Vo Thanh Hang, Le Van Thang, Nguyen Thi Le Lien, Nguyen Trung Thanh, Nguyen Nhat Huy
Low-Temperature Catalytic Oxidation Of White Spirit Vapor In Air By Binary Oxides Of Feo-Mnox Supported On Oms-2 Material, Ngo Quoc Nguyen, Pham Duy Quang, Nguyen Ha Nhu, Le Thi Van Anh, Nguyen Thi Thuy, Vo Thanh Hang, Le Van Thang, Nguyen Thi Le Lien, Nguyen Trung Thanh, Nguyen Nhat Huy
Applied Environmental Research
In this work, catalysts of iron and manganese oxides supported on OMS-2 were prepared and applied to remove white spirit (WS) in air. Among the fabricated catalysts, the FeO-MnOx/OMS-2 catalyst with a surface Fe+Mn loading of 15% (Fe:Mn = 6:4) exhibited the highest catalytic performance, achieving a high WS removal efficiency of 97.91% at 200 °C. The catalyst retained the cryptomelane-type tunnel structure of OMS-2 and possessed enhanced redox activity due to the synergistic interaction between surface Fe and Mn species. The physico-chemical properties were characterized via BET, EDS, FTIR, XRD, and SEM. The suitable conditions for WS oxidation were …
Investigating Spatial And Temporal Changes In Vegetation Via Remote Sensing Indicators And Revealing Their Trends In The Central Desert Of Iran, Peyman Akbarzadeh, Shima Nikoo, Mehran Akbarzadeh
Investigating Spatial And Temporal Changes In Vegetation Via Remote Sensing Indicators And Revealing Their Trends In The Central Desert Of Iran, Peyman Akbarzadeh, Shima Nikoo, Mehran Akbarzadeh
Applied Environmental Research
Vegetation changes can significantly affect the conditions and productivity of ecosystems. Consequently, studying vegetation dynamics across various temporal and spatial scales has emerged as a critical environmental concern. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in vegetation cover via vegetation indices, including the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), ratio vegetation index (RVI), soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), and difference vegetation index (DVI), derived from multitemporal Landsat 5, 7, and 8 satellite images processed via the Google Earth Engine. The study area is located in the Damghan arid and desert watershed, which represents the central desert of Iran. Furthermore, …
Halotolerant Biodegradation And Detoxification Of Synthetic Dyes By Marine-Derived Penicillium Oxalicum M6a: Metabolite Profiling And Ecotoxicity Assessment, Ugochukwu Okechukwu Ozojiofor, Mohammed Sani Abdulsalami, Nkechi Eucharia Egbe, Ahmed Ali Haroun, Yakubu Magaji
Halotolerant Biodegradation And Detoxification Of Synthetic Dyes By Marine-Derived Penicillium Oxalicum M6a: Metabolite Profiling And Ecotoxicity Assessment, Ugochukwu Okechukwu Ozojiofor, Mohammed Sani Abdulsalami, Nkechi Eucharia Egbe, Ahmed Ali Haroun, Yakubu Magaji
Applied Environmental Research
The complex aromatic structures of synthetic dyes in contaminated water bodies make them difficult to degrade, posing a serious environmental challenge and representing a significant emerging pollutant that warrants urgent intervention. This study evaluated the biodegradation and detoxification potential of a halotolerant, marine-derived fungal strain, Penicillium oxalicum M6A, isolated from the Nigerian coastline, against Indigo carmine (IC) and Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR). The effects of pH, temperature, salinity, and dye concentration on degradation efficiency, alongside enzymatic activity, were assessed. FTIR and GC‒MS analyses were employed to identify degradation products and predict metabolic pathways, whereas toxicity was evaluated in three …
Kinetics Of Hexavalent Chromium Adsorption And Reduction By Living Cells Of The Marine Bacterium Bacillus Cereus, Jittima Charoenpanich, Wachiraphorn Cherdchoo, Jutamas Pantab, Jariya Supakrit
Kinetics Of Hexavalent Chromium Adsorption And Reduction By Living Cells Of The Marine Bacterium Bacillus Cereus, Jittima Charoenpanich, Wachiraphorn Cherdchoo, Jutamas Pantab, Jariya Supakrit
Applied Environmental Research
This study identified Bacillus cereus, an efficient Cr(VI) bioreducer, isolated from marine sediment in Thailand. Batch experiments verified the complete removal of 25 mg L-1Cr(VI) from synthetic wastewater (pH 7.0) after 6 days at 37 °C, 50 rpm,and a biomass concentration of 25% (v/v) culture inoculum. The Freundlich isotherm model demonstrated the best correlation with the Cr(VI) adsorption equilibrium data in the 25–100 mg L-1concentration range (R2= 0.9831). Kinetic analyses indicated that the removal of Cr(VI) by living B. cereusfollowed a pseudo-second-order adsorption model (R2= 0.9875) and a pseudo-second-order reduction model (R2= 0.9807). The adsorption rate can be accuratelycharacterizedvia the …
Bibliometric And Visualisation Analysis Of Biomass Burning Research In Thailand (1997-2024), Weerachon Sawangproh, Arika Bridhikitti
Bibliometric And Visualisation Analysis Of Biomass Burning Research In Thailand (1997-2024), Weerachon Sawangproh, Arika Bridhikitti
Applied Environmental Research
Biomass burning is a major driver of air pollution and climate-related impacts in Thailand, but a national-level synthesis of research efforts is lacking. This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric and qualitative review of 256 peer-reviewed publications from 1997–2024, using Scopus-indexeddata to explore research trends, thematic patterns, and existing gaps. The analysis reveals a strong emphasis on atmospheric chemistry, air quality modeling, and remote sensing, which collectively account for more than 60% of the research landscape.Studies frequently focus on pollutants such as PM2.5,PAHs, carbon monoxide, and heavy metals, with biomass burning identified as a dominant source, especiallyduring the dry season in …
Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Via Dempster-Shafer, Statistical Index, And Certainty Factor Models In Gis And Their Comparison At Pidie Recency In Aceh, Indonesia, Septianto Aldiansyah, Amniar Ati, Fitriyani Saudi
Landslide Susceptibility Mapping Via Dempster-Shafer, Statistical Index, And Certainty Factor Models In Gis And Their Comparison At Pidie Recency In Aceh, Indonesia, Septianto Aldiansyah, Amniar Ati, Fitriyani Saudi
Applied Environmental Research
Landslides are natural disasters that are active if there is an interaction of environmental factors that are considered to control them, especially in mountainous areas. This study developed a landslide susceptibility map in Pidie Regency via the Dempster-Shafer (DS), statistical index (SI), and certainty factor (CF) models. A total of 957 landslide events were mapped, 70% of which were used for modeling, whereas the remaining events were used to validate the model output. Fourteen layers of conditioning factors were used: elevation, slope, aspect, curvature, TWI, SPI, STI, NDVI, rainfall, distance from river, distance from road, distance from fault, LULC, and …
Assessment Of Landslide Susceptibility And Settlement Exposure Via Geospatial Techniques In Bulambuli Distrcit, Eastern Uganda, Andrew Mulabbi, John Calvin Esagu, Gertrude Akello, Remigio Turyahabwe
Assessment Of Landslide Susceptibility And Settlement Exposure Via Geospatial Techniques In Bulambuli Distrcit, Eastern Uganda, Andrew Mulabbi, John Calvin Esagu, Gertrude Akello, Remigio Turyahabwe
Applied Environmental Research
Landslide susceptibility is a significant concern in Elgon County, Uganda, particularly during the rainy season. This vulnerability is attributable to several factors, including steep slopes, fertile soils, and dense settlements on volcanic ridges. Landslide susceptibility maps are important in mitigating the risk particularly at the local level. The objectives of this study were 1) to model landslide susceptibility via an interpretable machine-learning model, 2) to identify the most influential factors for landslide susceptibility in the study area, and 3) to assess the exposure of settlements to landslide risk. This study employed the XGBoost model trained on nine conditioning factors via …
Exploration Of Indigeneous Biosurfactant-Producing Bacillus Sp. From Petroleum Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Soil In Indonesia, Rizky Danang Susetyo, Wahyu Wilopo, Suwarno Hadisusanto, Endah Retnaningrum
Exploration Of Indigeneous Biosurfactant-Producing Bacillus Sp. From Petroleum Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Soil In Indonesia, Rizky Danang Susetyo, Wahyu Wilopo, Suwarno Hadisusanto, Endah Retnaningrum
Applied Environmental Research
Hydrocarbonolastic bacteria are valuable for the remediation of petroleum-polluted environments. The production of biosurfactants by such bacteria significantly enhances hydrocarbon bioavailability and increases remediation efficiency. One genus of hydrocarbonolastic bacteria with the potential to produce biosurfactants is Bacillus, yet strain-level diversity and local adaptations remain underexplored.Tthis study aimed to isolate and characterize hydrocarbonolastic bacteria belonging to the Bacillus genus from soil samples collected at Geopetroleum Teksas Wonocolo, Kedewan District, Bojonegoro Regency, Indonesia, which is a historically underreported hydrocarbon site. Additionally, the capacity of Bacillus to synthesize biosurfactants was examined. Bacillus strains capable of biosur-factant production were identified via a polyphasic …
Nanofiltration-Based Recovery Of Sodium Gluconate From Fermentation Broths Of Oil Palm Solid Residue Hydrolysates, Ayla A. Liswani, Aulya R. Arevin, Naufal Baariq, Ibnu M. Idayatullah, Muhamad Sahlan, Masafumi Yohda, Heri Hermansyah, Apriliana C. Khayrani
Nanofiltration-Based Recovery Of Sodium Gluconate From Fermentation Broths Of Oil Palm Solid Residue Hydrolysates, Ayla A. Liswani, Aulya R. Arevin, Naufal Baariq, Ibnu M. Idayatullah, Muhamad Sahlan, Masafumi Yohda, Heri Hermansyah, Apriliana C. Khayrani
Applied Environmental Research
Sodium gluconate (SG), a functional organic salt derived from gluconic acid, is widely utilized in various industrial sectors because of its excellent chelating ability, low toxicity, and biodegradability. SGs can be produced sustainably through the neutralization of gluconic acid, which is obtained from the microbial fermen-tation of lignocellulosic biomass such as oil palm fronds (OPFs) and empty fruit bunches (OPEFBs). To meet commercial demands, SGs must be recovered in concentrated form, and nanofiltration (NF) offers a promising membrane-based approach for this purpose. This study aimed to optimize the SG concentration from the fermentation broths of oil palm residue hydrolysates via …
Community Perception And Attitudes Toward Plastics And Microplastic Pollution: A Case Study In The Red River Delta, Vietnam, Dang Hai Mai
Community Perception And Attitudes Toward Plastics And Microplastic Pollution: A Case Study In The Red River Delta, Vietnam, Dang Hai Mai
Applied Environmental Research
Plastics and microplastic contamination pose increasing threats to human health, food safety, and environmental sustainability. In Vietnam, rapid urbanization, economic growth, and population expansion have contributed to a surge in plastic waste, intensifying pollution across regions such as the Red River Delta. This study adopts the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to explore community perceptions, attitudes, and behavioral intentions regarding plastic and microplastic pollution. A quantitative research design was employed, with data collected through structured questionnaires administered to 1,305 respondents via a stratified multistage sampling strategy across four provinces in the Red River Delta. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression …
การศึกษารูปแบบความร่วมมือของภาครัฐและภาคเอกชนในการบริหารจัดการเหตุวิกฤติฉุกเฉินและนโยบายการรักษาความปลอดภัยย่านศูนย์กลางธุรกิจของกรุงเทพมหานคร, ปัญจรัตน์ เดชกุญชร
การศึกษารูปแบบความร่วมมือของภาครัฐและภาคเอกชนในการบริหารจัดการเหตุวิกฤติฉุกเฉินและนโยบายการรักษาความปลอดภัยย่านศูนย์กลางธุรกิจของกรุงเทพมหานคร, ปัญจรัตน์ เดชกุญชร
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
ภัยพิบัติเป็นสิ่งที่ทั่วโลกเล็งเห็นความสำคัญและให้ความตระหนักในการบริหารจัดการ ด้วยการเปลี่ยนแปลงของโลกเป็นปัจจัยกระตุ้นให้เกิดเหตุขึ้นบ่อยครั้ง เป็นเหตุวิกฤติที่เกินการรับมือ การศึกษาเรื่อง รูปแบบความร่วมมือของภาครัฐและภาคเอกชนในการบริหารจัดการเหตุวิกฤติฉุกเฉินและนโยบายการรักษาความปลอดภัยย่านศูนย์กลางธุรกิจของกรุงเทพมหานคร เป็นการศึกษาในภาคการขับเคลื่อนนโยบายการบริหารระหว่างหน่วยงานภาครัฐและเครือข่ายภาคประชาชนในพื้นที่ย่านราชประสงค์ เขตปทุมวัน ภายใต้กรอบแนวคิดการร่วมมือทำงานกันระหว่างภาครัฐและภาคเอกชนแบบเครือข่าย Networking มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อทราบถึง 1) รูปแบบความร่วมมือเชิงนโยบายของภาครัฐและภาคเอกชนในการบริหารจัดการเหตุวิกฤติ 2) นโยบายการรักษาความปลอดภัยของภาครัฐและภาคเอกชนในพื้นที่ย่านราชประสงค์ 3) การออกแบบแผนการรับมือเหตุวิกฤติ และ 4) เพื่อดูแนวโน้มการเป็นต้นแบบนำร่องไปใช้ในพื้นที่ชุมชนเมืองอื่นในกรุงเทพมหานคร เป็นการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพแบบกรณีศึกษา โดยการสัมภาษณ์ผู้บริหารกลุ่มภาคเอกชนกลุ่มผู้ประกอบวิสาหกิจในย่านราชประสงค์ จำนวน 10 องค์กร และหน่วยงานภาครัฐในพื้นที่อีก 2 องค์กร ใช้แบบสัมภาษณ์กึ่งโครงสร้าง วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลเชิงเนื้อหา พรรณนา พัฒนาแก่นสาระ ตรวจสอบด้วยวิธีเทคนิคสามเส้า ร่วมกับการศึกจากข้อมูลเอกสารและการลงพื้นที่เพื่อสังเกตการณ์ ผลการวิจัยพบว่า (1) รูปแบบความร่วมมือเชิงนโยบายของภาครัฐและภาคเอกชนในการบริหารจัดการเหตุวิกฤติฉุกเฉินในย่านราชประสงค์ ขับเคลื่อนด้วยแนวคิดการจัดการปกครองสาธารณะแนวใหม่แบบเครือข่าย ระหว่างภาครัฐกับเครือข่ายภาคเอกชน บวกกับ Disaster Management และ Crisis Management (2) นโยบายการรักษาความปลอดภัยใช้การร่วมออกแบบ ร่วมคิด และขับเคลื่อนกลไกเชิงนโยบายมีปฏิสัมพันธ์ในระดับองค์กร และระดับบุคคลต่อบุคคล (3) การออกแบบแผนการรับมือเหตุวิกฤติฉุกเฉินจากภัยพิบัติในย่านราชประสงค์ ใช้วิธีการเตรียมความพร้อม ตามหลักการของ Disaster Management ร่วมกับ Crisis Management (4) แนวโน้มการเป็นต้นแบบนำไปใช้ในพื้นที่ชุมชนเมืองอื่นในกรุงเทพมหานคร ต้องพิจารณาร่วมด้วยกับความเข้มแข็งของความร่วมมือของรัฐและเอกชนที่มีวิสัยทัศน์ แนวทางในการขับเคลื่อนไปในทิศทางเดียวกัน ระบบการเงินส่วนกลางที่น่าเชื่อถือ มีการจัดปรับการใช้รูปแบบให้เหมาะสมกับทรัพยากรที่มีอยู่ในพื้นที่ของตนเอง
การประเมินผลการใช้น้ำเสียบำบัดในระบบไฮโดรพอนิกส์ : การเปลี่ยนแปลงของไนโตรเจน การเติบโตของผักกาดหอม และกลุ่มชุมชนของจุลินทรีย์บริเวณราก, พชร ป่ากว้าง
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
งานวิจัยนี้ศึกษาการนำน้ำเสียที่ผ่านการบำบัดจากระบบเติมอากาศของอาคารหอสมุดกลาง จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย กลับมาใช้ในระบบไฮโดรพอนิกส์เพาะปลูกผักกาดหอม (Lactuca sativa) เพื่อส่งเสริมการจัดการน้ำอย่างยั่งยืนและการใช้ทรัพยากรหมุนเวียน การทดลองออกเป็น 3 ระยะตามอัตราส่วนน้ำเสียบำบัด ได้แก่ 50% (ระยะที่ 1), 100% (ระยะที่ 2) และ 75% (ระยะที่ 3) เปรียบเทียบกับระบบควบคุมที่ใช้สารละลายปุ๋ยไฮโดรพอนิกส์ ศึกษาการเปลี่ยนแปลงของไนโตรเจน ได้แก่ แอมโมเนียม (NH4+), ไนไตร์ท (NO2-), ไนเตรต (NO3-), และ ไนโตรเจนคเจดาลห์ (TKN) และประเมินผลต่อการเจริญเติบโตและปริมาณไนโตรเจนของผักกาดหอม ตลอดระยะเวลาเพาะปลูก 28 วัน มีการเก็บตัวอย่างน้ำเพื่อวิเคราะห์คุณภาพน้ำ และสุ่มเก็บตัวอย่างรากเพื่อศึกษาความหลากหลายของชุมชนจุลินทรีย์ ผลการทดลองพบว่าอัตราส่วนของน้ำเสียบำบัดมีผลต่อการเจริญเติบโตของผักกาดหอมอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ โดยระบบที่ใช้น้ำเสียบำบัด 100% ให้ผลผลิตสูงสุดทั้งในด้านน้ำหนักสด น้ำหนักแห้ง และปริมาณไนโตรเจน ซึ่งแนวโน้มนี้สอดคล้องกับความเข้มข้นไนเตรตและ TKN ในน้ำ แสดงถึงความเพียงพอของธาตุอาหาร โดยเฉพาะไนโตรเจน ขณะเดียวกันการวิเคราะห์ชุมชนจุลินทรีย์บริเวณรากพบว่าระบบน้ำเสียบำบัดมีความหลากหลายสูงกว่าระบบควบคุม โดยพบแบคทีเรียเด่นใน สกุล Altererythrobacter รวมถึงสกุล midas_g_859 ซึ่งอยู่ในอันดับ Thermomicrobiales และสกุลของแบคทีเรียในไฟลัม Armatimonadotaซึ่งเกี่ยวข้องกับการย่อยสลายอินทรียวัตถุและการเปลี่ยนรูปไนโตรเจน ส่วนระบบควบคุมพบแบคทีเรียเด่นในสกุลของวงศ์ Rhizobiaceae และสกุล Bosea ซึ่งมีบทบาทสำคัญในการตรึงไนโตรเจนและช่วยเพิ่มความสามารถในการดูดซึมสารอาหารของพืช ดังนั้นการนำน้ำเสียบำบัดกลับมาใช้ในระบบไฮโดรพอนิกส์จึงมีศักยภาพในการส่งเสริมการเจริญเติบโตของผักกาดหอมได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพ แต่การปรับสมดุลธาตุอาหารและคุณภาพน้ำก่อนใช้งานจริงยังเป็นสิ่งจำเป็น ผลการศึกษานี้จึงสามารถเป็นแนวทางพัฒนาระบบบำบัดน้ำเสียแบบบูรณาการร่วมกับการเพาะปลูกไฮโดรพอนิกส์ภายในมหาวิทยาลัยต่อไป
Automated Infinite Combos Detection System For Collectible Card Game, Amornpong Trakarnkulphun
Automated Infinite Combos Detection System For Collectible Card Game, Amornpong Trakarnkulphun
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
In Collectible Card Games, resources management is one of the most effective strategy. However, there are some combinations of cards which produce unlimited resources called infinite combos. Too-cheap infinite combos that can be played early in the game break game environment, because the player who executes the combo immediately wins. To solve the problem, game designers usually restrict a part of the combos from being played. Due to the large number of cards in the card pool, it is difficult to search for these combos and solve this problem before a release date of a card set. This research aims …
Pipeline For Non-Self-Intersecting Racetrack Generation In Racing Games, Chatrtime Chatramornrat
Pipeline For Non-Self-Intersecting Racetrack Generation In Racing Games, Chatrtime Chatramornrat
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Procedural content generation (PCG) allows racing games to supply new racetracks automatically, but straightforward generators can produce layouts with unrealistically tight bends or self-crossings that compromise playability. This thesis introduces a racetrack generation pipeline that connects chain–code–based synthesis with a dedicated post-processing stage for resolving intersections. Candidate layouts are first assembled from image–based differential chain codes and adjusted so that each forms a closed loop. Regions where the centreline crosses itself are then identified and repaired by cutting and joining overlapping branches and applying locally constrained smoothing, so that the overall course geometry is kept intact. Finally, geometric descriptors such …
Gitcofl : Design And Implementation Of A Git-Based Federated Learning Framework Utilizing Container-Based Technology, Chokchai Faroongsarng
Gitcofl : Design And Implementation Of A Git-Based Federated Learning Framework Utilizing Container-Based Technology, Chokchai Faroongsarng
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The rapid proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) necessitates training paradigms that are both robust and privacy-preserving. Traditional centralized federated learning (CFL) suffers from single points of failure and communication bottlenecks, while decentralized federated learning (DFL) introduces communication complexities and lacks integrated version control. This paper proposes GitCoFL, a novel framework that leverages Docker containers and a Git server as an independent, external medium for model weight communication and storage. This architecture provides inherent flexibility, enabling efficient operation in both CFL and DFL settings. Using CIFAR-10 benchmarks with MobileNet and using FedAvg for federation algorithms, GitCoFL achieves competitive F1 score when …
Quality Of Life Prediction For Driving Route Planning System Using Image Recognition And Deep Learning, Intouch Prakaisak
Quality Of Life Prediction For Driving Route Planning System Using Image Recognition And Deep Learning, Intouch Prakaisak
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Assessing travel-related Quality of Life (QoL) is a significant challenge due to its reliance on subjective human perception, which is difficult to measure. Traditional studies are often constrained by the limited scope of costly, manual data collection. The significant contribution of this research is the introduction of a new framework that can analyze tourist perception on a large and systematic scale. The novelty of this work lies in the utilization of Google Street View (GSV) as a large-scale visual data source, coupled with the use of a sequence-based model to analyze travel routes, which allows for the simulation of the …
A Benchmarking Study Of Grover's Algorithm For Solving Boolean Sat With Quantum Circuits, Jirapas Unison Jipipob
A Benchmarking Study Of Grover's Algorithm For Solving Boolean Sat With Quantum Circuits, Jirapas Unison Jipipob
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This study explores how well Grover's Algorithm performs in solving the Boolean Satisfiability Problem (SAT) using quantum circuits. The algorithm is implemented with IBM's Qiskit framework and compared to classical brute-force methods. Experiments focus on 3-SAT, 4-SAT, and 5-SAT problems, using quantum simulators and IBM quantum hardware. The results show that Grover's Algorithm is more efficient, offering a theoretical quadratic speedup over classical methods. However, practical issues like limited qubit availability, hardware noise, and optimization challenges impact its current performance. The data highlights the potential for quantum computing to scale and solve NP-complete problems. This research shows how quantum computing …
Out-Of-Domain Tuberculosis Detection From Chest X-Ray Images Using Meta Learning With Soft Labels, Kanokphat Jinanarong
Out-Of-Domain Tuberculosis Detection From Chest X-Ray Images Using Meta Learning With Soft Labels, Kanokphat Jinanarong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Automated tuberculosis screening from chest x-ray images could greatly benefit regions with limited medical resources. However, currently available methods could not handle this problem well due to the difference in chest x-ray images in each region caused by the difference in machine and demographics, the possible noise in the available labels, and other reasons. We therefore propose a new machine learning algorithm that could detect tuberculosis with great accuracy on any other data sources by learning from completely different data sources. We used a model-agnostic meta-learning together with a soft label approach, utilizing the meta-gradient to dynamically adjust the soft …
Enhancing Large Language Models For Legal Question Answering : A Case Study On The Land And Building Tax Act In Thailand, Nattapat Tantapong
Enhancing Large Language Models For Legal Question Answering : A Case Study On The Land And Building Tax Act In Thailand, Nattapat Tantapong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Thailand's Land and Buildings Tax Act requires interpreting multiple legal instruments. However, general-purpose large language models often produce answers that lack both accuracy and verifiable legal citations, which are essential for legal reasoning. This study investigates whether curriculum-structured fine-tuning enables small Thai-aligned models (8B parameters) to perform comparably to large commercial models. The research constructs a domain-specific corpus of 8,410 Q&A pairs with 30,612 hard-negative triplets, then evaluates four curriculum designs and four adapter ranks using retrieval completeness and answer quality metrics. The experimental results reveal two key findings. First, hard-negative retrieval training improves Multi-HitRate@5 by 2.6% and Multi-MRR@5 by …
Diffusion Model-Based Synthetic Image Augmentation For Enhancing Vehicle Detection Model Performance, Pawaris Parnphotong
Diffusion Model-Based Synthetic Image Augmentation For Enhancing Vehicle Detection Model Performance, Pawaris Parnphotong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
A critical challenge for modern object detection models is the significant performance degradation encountered in adverse weather or poor lighting conditions. This issue primarily stems from the imbalance of training datasets, which are predominantly composed of normal daytime scenes, resulting in reduced robustness when models face challenging scenarios. Although traditional data augmentation techniques exist, they are limited to pixel-level adjustments and inherently restricted in generating data diversity. Consequently, this research proposes an approach utilizing diffusion models to generate realistic synthetic images that simulate new atmospheric and environmental conditions. To maximize the efficiency of synthetic data generation, we investigated a crucial …
Large Language Model-Based Framework For Mental Health Support Conversation In Thai, Radchaneeporn Changpun
Large Language Model-Based Framework For Mental Health Support Conversation In Thai, Radchaneeporn Changpun
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
As mental health support needs continue to rise in Thailand, access to professional care remains constrained. LLM-based chatbots present a scalable alternative, though most current systems are limited to single-turn, solution-focused interactions. This thesis introduces a Large Language Model-Based Framework for Mental Health Support Conversations in Thai, organizing dialogues around five fundamental mental health counseling stages: rapport building, problem identification, goal setting, working, and termination. Drawing from Person-Centered Therapy (PCT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). The framework was assessed against three single-agent baseline models using LLM-simulated users, with positive user reaction rates evaluated by LLMs. Results demonstrated a 79.01% …
Music Generation Using Large Language Models : A Case Study On Traditional Thai Music, Sutusta Kunasorn
Music Generation Using Large Language Models : A Case Study On Traditional Thai Music, Sutusta Kunasorn
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This study presents a framework for music generation using Large Language Models (LLMs), focusing on the creation of symbolic compositions in the style of traditional Thai music. The framework integrates prompting techniques, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), and multi-agent collaboration to guide the model in producing melodies that reflect Thai musical characteristics. ABC notation is used as the primary representation, allowing LLMs to process musical structure in a text-based format. The system incorporates curated Thai musical examples and theoretical knowledge to support culturally informed generation, while multiple agents work together to compose, evaluate, and refine musical ideas using rubric-based criteria adapted from …
A Hybrid Hardware Modeling, Simulation, And Generation Framework : A Case Study Of Risc-V Out-Of-Order Superscalar Cpu Design, Tanawin Devaveja
A Hybrid Hardware Modeling, Simulation, And Generation Framework : A Case Study Of Risc-V Out-Of-Order Superscalar Cpu Design, Tanawin Devaveja
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
We present Kathryn, a novel framework that simplifies hardware design through a hybrid design flow and an integrated hybrid simulation approach. As specialized hardware demand grows, managing design complexity, precise control flow, and parallelism control remains challenging. Kathryn alleviates these issues by abstracting control logic and still maintaining designers’ cycle-accurate control ability. Moreover, Kathryn provides hardware-aggregation features, helping designers manage complex hardware component structures. As a result, in a simple RISC-V design, the model written in Kathryn shows a 2.6x reduction in lines of code compared to those of Verilog. [1] Moreover, in an Out-of-Order design, the model on Kathryn …
Endoplanar: Deformable Planar-Based Gaussian Splatting For Surgical Scene Reconstruction, Thatphum Paonim
Endoplanar: Deformable Planar-Based Gaussian Splatting For Surgical Scene Reconstruction, Thatphum Paonim
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Precise modeling of deformable anatomical structures from stereoscopic endoscopic footage plays a critical role in advancing surgical guidance and robotic automation within image-assisted medical procedures. Recent advances in Gaussian splatting have demonstrated real-time visualization capabilities with notable quality on endoscopic data; however, traditional 3D Gaussian representations introduce volumetric artifacts that compromise geometric fidelity and depth accuracy. We address these challenges through EndoPlanar, a deformable planar Gaussian framework that projects volumetric primitives onto planar surfaces. This planar formulation facilitates bias-free depth calculation and normal vector derivation—capabilities that remain elusive with standard ellipsoidal representations. We further incorporate a regularization mechanism to ensure …
Advancing Voice Spoofing Detection In Thai : A Comprehensive Dataset And Performance Analysis On Speaking Styles And Channel Effects, Ticho Urai
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Voice authentication is increasingly used in applications such as banking and call center verification, but it faces serious risks from spoofed voices. Recent advances in text-to-speech (TTS) and voice cloning make it possible to generate highly natural fake speech, creating an urgent need for robust anti-spoofing systems. While most prior work focuses on English, little research addresses the Thai language. To fill this gap, we present the Chula Spoofed Speech (CSS) dataset, a large-scale Thai corpus containing 1.3M utterances of both bona fide and synthetic speech. The synthetic samples are generated using five state-of-the-art TTS systems from the same utterances …
Evaluation Of User Experience And Usability Of Organization Super App, Ananya Kumhan
Evaluation Of User Experience And Usability Of Organization Super App, Ananya Kumhan
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The digital transformation of organizations in Thailand has accelerated the development of internal systems that streamline workflows and improve accessibility to organizational information. Financial institutions, which operate with multiple fragmented systems, have increasingly adopted Enterprise SuperApps as a centralized platform that combines internal services such as corporate news, leave requests, employee directories, resource information, and meeting room reservations into a single application. However, usage statistics in several organizations indicate that continuous adoption remains relatively low. Many employees rely on alternative channels or use only selected features, reflecting challenges in user experience (UX) and usability. This study aims to evaluate the …