Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

A Special Case Of The Hammett Equation, W.R. Gilkerson, Gordon A. Gallup, M.M. Jones

Gordon Gallup Publications

The usefulness of the Hammett equation in some unexpected instances is explained on the basis of the Absolute Reaction Rate Theory. Caution is recommended in the use of such reactions in theoretical studies of substituent effects.

An Experiment Of The Time Variations Of Cosmic Rays Underground, Mercedes Merner Agogino

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

Ever since the discovery of cosmic rays, investigations of time variations in their intensity have been carried out in the hope of obtaining information on their nature and origin. Early experiments were somewhat contradictory, but it was soon clear that any variation present could be no longer than a few percent at the most. This meant that experiments had to be carefully planned and carried out over a long period of time to attain the statistical accuracy necessary for clear-cut results. In addition, the influence of the atmosphere and the earth's magnetic field made it very difficult to interpret the …

The Measurement Of The Concentration Of Ozone In The Atmosphere By The Oxidation Of Silver, Albert Goodman

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

Under conditions of standard temperature and pressure, it has been found that no reaction occurs between silver and oxygen, nor between silver and ozone. When the temperature of the silver is raised, however, it is oxidized by ozone but not by oxygen. Upon raising the products of the reaction to a still higher temperature, they decompose into silver and ordinary oxygen. By measuring the amount of oxygen thus produced, it would be possible to calculate the amount of ozone involved originally.

The Structure Of A Shock Front In Argon, John W. Bond Jr.

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

If a one-dimensional shock wave travels through argon, the translational degrees of freedom of the atoms are immediately excited and reach translational equilibrium within two collision lengths. If the shock velocity is sufficiently high, energy will be transferred from the translational degrees of freedom to those of electronic excitation and ionization until complete thermal equilibrium exists. The region between the first disturbance in front of the shock and the point at which thermal equilibrium is first realized is the shock front.

The Separation Of Grain By Projection, Robert Katz, E. P. Farrell, Max Milner

Robert Katz Publications

A device is described which effects a continuous separation of internally infested wheat from sound wheat, and which separates wheat into a number of fractions of different test weight. A stream of wheat, projected into still air by rapidly moving belts, is dispersed by the combined effects of air drag and gravitation into numerous fractions which are caught in a series of hoppers. Infested kernels fall short of sound grain and are thus separated. Test weight varies progressively and characteristically with distance from the point of projection.

The Separation Of Grain By Projection. Ii. Systematic Differences In Physical Properties And Composition Of Wheat Fractions, Max Milner, E. P. Farrell, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

Analyses for test weight, 500-kernel weight, protein content, ash content, and hardness characteristics of fractions of 15 samples of hard red winter wheat, obtained by spectrometric separation, revealed high negative correlations in most cases between plumpness factors and protein and ash contents, and high positive correlations between plumpness factors and hardness, when the latter is determined with a single-stage instrument. The projection technique appears to provide a means for analyzing commercially mixed wheat for certain qualities of its components and it may be applied practically to separate either high protein fractions or high test weight fractions from ordinary commercial grain.

Cosmic Ray Intensity At Balloon Altitudes, Kenneth R. Greider

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

In the investigation of cosmic rays at balloon altitudes, it is important to recognize the various factors that affect the total intensity at any point in the atmosphere. The three main factors are: (1) Atmospheric influence: variation of intensity with atmospheric depth, (2) Geomagnetic influences: variations of intensity with the geomagnetic latitude, and (3) Extraterrestrial influences: periodic and non periodic variations of intensity.

Diffuse Reflection Of Light, Francis L. Bentsen

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

This thesis describes an attempt to determine the feasibility of measuring the ozone content in the air by absorption of light over a long path.

A Fresnel Half-Period Zone Plate For Focusing Electromagnetic Energy In The One Meter Wave-Length Region, Henry George Oltman Jr.

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

Theory and past experience predict, (1) that the zone plate should form images analogous to the optical refracting lens, (2) that focal length and gain are determined by the number of zones in a given aperture, (3) and that the resolving power is a function of the aperture dimension and of the wavelength of the radiation.

Analysis Of Zodiacal Light Recordings, Mclane Downing

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The object of the zodiacal light work at Capillo Peak is to take comparable records of zodiacal light intensities over an extended period of time. In order to obtain extra-terrestrial isophotes from the original recordings, corrections for loss of light intensity in the atmosphere must be made.

Volume 1, Number 2 - May 1954

The Entropy

The Entropy (also published as the Providence College Journal of Physics and Chemistry) was an undergraduate scholarship journal published by the Phi Chi Club of Providence College. (Volume 1, Number 2 - May 1954 - 10 pages in total.)

Radioactivity Of Sm153 And Eu155, M. R. Lee, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

The radiations from Sm¹⁵³ and Eu¹⁵⁵ have been studied by means of a 180-degree, magnetic-focusing, variable-field beta-ray spectrometer-spectrograph using enriched materials. In the disintegration of 47.0-hr Sm¹⁵³, conversion electrons of three gamma rays of energy, 0.0691, 0.1027, 0.548 Mev, and three beta-ray spectra whose end-point energy and relative intensity were 0.255 Mev, 9 percent; 0.685 Mev, 70 percent; 0.795 Mev, 21 percent, respectively, were observed. A fourth beta-ray spectrum of end-point energy 0.62 Mev and intensity less than 6 percent is postulated. A decay scheme in good agreement with these data and with nuclear shell theory …

Variable Field Beta-Ray Spectrometer-Spectrograph, Robert Katz, Milford R. Lee

Robert Katz Publications

A variable field 180° type beta-ray spectrometer- spectrograph has recently been constructed and placed in operation at Kansas State College. The instrument (Fig. 1) is presently operated as a variable field spectrometer of 15-centimeter radius, with data obtained by Geiger counter detection; or as a “fixed field” spectrograph with data obtained through the exposure of photographic film.

Volume 1, Number 1 - January 1954

The Entropy

The Entropy (also published as the Providence College Journal of Physics and Chemistry) was an undergraduate scholarship journal published by the Phi Chi Club of Providence College. (Volume 1, Number 1 - January 1954 - 22 pages in total.)

The Velocity Of Ultrasonics In Liquids, Mack A. Breazeale

Masters Theses

"In acoustics the term ultrasonics is used to refer to those frequencies which are above the range of human hearing; that is, frequencies above approximately 20,000 cycles per second. Since the laws of sound which are valid for the audible range are also valid in the ultrasonic range and since the wave length of ultrasonics is much shorter than that of audible sound, ultrasonic has proved very valuable in the calculation of both the velocity and the absorption coefficient of sound in various media. This is especially notable in the case of liquids, where the velocity of sound is much …

The Formal Science Background Of Students Enrolled In General Science Classes In Dewitt High School, Charles O. Foreman

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

No abstract provided.

A Study Of The Emission And Absorption Spectra Of Nacl And Kcl Between 100 A And 1000 A, Paul Henry Blackmon

Masters Theses

"This investigation was begun with the idea of obtaining the emission and absorption spectra of NaCl and KCl in the region between 100 A and 1000 A. From these data, it is hoped that useful information concerning the energy levels of these two substances may be obtained.

The vacuum ultraviolet region is rather difficult to investigate because of the necessity of removing all air, lenses and other absorbing material from the light path. Many writers have enumerated the problems involved and some have indicated that much work still needs to be done in the vacuum ultraviolet.

In order to do …

Coloration Of Glass By High Energy Radiation, Thomas L. Nickens

Masters Theses

"Purpose of Investigation: One of the objects of this investigation is to determine the amount of CeO₂ required to prevent the discoloration of glass when exposed to gamma radiation. By discoloration, it is meant that there has been a change in the absorption bands of visible light. Another objective is an attempt to prevent the coloration by the introduction of two oxides not previously used. Finally, a theory is presented which could explain why glass containing CeO₂ does not change color upon irradiation by gamma rays"--Introduction, page 1.

Determination Of The Thermal Conductivity Of Sodium Chloride At Elevated Temperatures, Harold Robert Weisbrod

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this research is to investigate possible methods of determining the thermal conductivity of small poorly conducting samples at elevated temperatures, and, further, to assemble a suitable apparatus, followed by measurement of thermal conductivity of one or more cubic lattice samples.

Basic requirements of the apparatus are few. It is first required that the measurement of thermal conductivity be made over a considerable range temperature. It is also preferred that the basic apparatus be placed in a vacuum where undesirable heat flow by convection is eliminated and air corrodible samples are preserved.

The apparatus must use only the …

A Model For X-Ray Scattering From A Free-Volume Liquid, Charles A. Hewett

Masters Theses

"Investigation of the diffraction of x-rays by liquids was begun soon after the well-known work of Friedrich, Knipping, and Laue proved to be of value in supplying information as to the arrangement of atoms in crystalline matter. Friedrich in 1913 reported x-ray diffraction patterns of Canadian Balsam, paraffin, and amber; three years later Debye and Scherrer, in their work on benzene, (among other liquids investigated) showed that the diffraction phenomenon exhibited was one of interference. Still later, in 1922, Keesom and de Smedt reported similar investigations carried out on argon, nitrogen, and oxygen in the liquid state, the results of …

Free Energy And Entropy Of Translation Tables, Paul W. Gilles, Gordon A. Gallup

Gordon Gallup Publications

In the statistical calculation of the thermodynamic properties of ideal gases the translational contribution is calculated from the Sackur-Tetrode equation, S = R1n (2π MkT)^3/2 ÷ (h³ N^5/2) V + 5/2 R in which S is the entropy of one mole of a gas of molecular weight M, at absolute temperature T, and volume V expressed in cubic centimeters; k is Boltzmann's constant; h is Planck's constant; N is Avogadro's number; and R is the molal gas constant expressed in the same units as those desired for S, usually cal deg¹ mole¹.

The Pairing Effect In Nuclei And Isomerism, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

Previous workers have shown from an analysis of the energetics of alpha and beta decay that the pairing energy of protons is greater than that of neutrons. It is here postulated that this effect is responsible for the absence of odd-proton isomers for 50

An Investigation Of The Collision Lengths Of Penetrating-Shower-Producing Radiation In Various Materials, James Francis Kenney

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The purpose of this paper is to compile and tabulate some of the experimental data that have been obtained on penetrating showers, and to compare these data with the results that should be expected from the various theories that have been advanced.

On Air Density Measurements Using The Alpha-Particle Range Method, Gus Tom Zorn

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

The density of the air is in general determined from a knowledge of the pressure and temperature by applying the ideal gas law. This law may be stated in the following for; p=MP/TR, where p is the density of the air in gm/cm³, M is the gram molecular weight, P is the pressure in dynes/cm², T is the temperature in degrees kelvin and R is the universal gas constant in ergs per degree absolute for one mole. This method is also used in the determination of the air density as a function of the height in …

Experiments On The Life Of Self-Quenching Geiger Mueller Counters, Raymond C. Opperman

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

Because of the several superior properties of counters containing organic vapor as a quenching agent, it is desirable to extend the life of such counters. It is, therefore, of interest to determine the relative importance of factors which limit their useful life. It is also worthwhile to further the investigation of counters containing an inorganic gas as a quenching agent.

Group-Phase Velocity Demonstrator, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

The speed with which the concepts of group velocity, phase velocity, and beats are grasped, integrated, and retained can be materially aided with the following simple demonstration apparatus.

Cosmic Radiation And Radio-Carbon Age Determination, Leland S. Bohl

Journal of the Minnesota Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

An Azimuth-Stabililzed Balloon Platform, Alfred H. Spano

Physics & Astronomy ETDs

In the study of Zodiacal Light, an interesting task is the determination of the intensity and the position of this glow on the celestial sphere. The problem of photographing this phenomenon from the earth’s surface has been hampered generally by the inevitable presence of the atmosphere between the camera and the object. However, it is expected that at the height of some thirty kilometers above the earth, the atmospheric haze will be reduced enough so that pictures of the zodiacal region may be obtained without significant absorption. To accomplish this, it is necessary to keep the balloon-borne camera pointed in …

Use Of A Simple Blowing Device To Facilitate Inspection Of Wheat For Internal Infestation, Max Milner, E. P. Farrell, Robert Katz

Robert Katz Publications

Enforcement of sanitary practices in the commercial handling of wheat, particularly with reference to insect infestation, requires a method of inspection of wheat for internal or hidden insect infestation which is reliable, yet rapid enough for routine use. A number of inspection methods have been developed for this purpose, and a review has been published (1) of those proposed up to two years ago. A rigorous evaluation of several of these techniques has been made recently (2).

The rapid inspection method suggested to the grain trade by the Food and Drug Administration (2), based on the results of an extensive …

Application Of The Polaroid-Land Process To Radiographic Inspection Of Wheat, Max Milner, Robert Katz, M. R. Lee, W. B. Pyle

Robert Katz Publications

At a time when the technique of X-ray inspection of grains for internal insect infestation, announced almost two years ago, appears to have gained considerable currency in industries handling and processing grain, there exists the general feeling that these industries would be more receptive to any technique which would even further simplify and expedite the radiographic inspection process. To this end Kansas State College and the Picker X-Ray Corporation have engaged in a cooperative study relating to the application of the Picker-Polaroid photographic process to the determination of internal infestation in grain. This process is based on the principle of …