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Veterinary Pathology and Pathobiology Commons™
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- HSV (4)
- Rickettsia (4)
- Arbovirus (3)
- Edwardsiella ictaluri (3)
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- Glycoprotein (3)
- Glycoprotein K (3)
- HSV-1 (3)
- Tick (3)
- Amblyomma maculatum (2)
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- Chikungunya (2)
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- Fusion (2)
- GK (2)
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- Herpes simplex virus (2)
- Ictalurus punctatus (2)
- Immune response (2)
- Immunology (2)
- Leprosy (2)
- Macrophages (2)
- Membrane fusion (2)
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Articles 1 - 30 of 67
Full-Text Articles in Veterinary Pathology and Pathobiology
Edwardsiella Ictaluri Is Capable Of Persisting In Channel Catfish By Evading Host T Cell And Cell Death Responses, Elizabeth Watts Griggs
Edwardsiella Ictaluri Is Capable Of Persisting In Channel Catfish By Evading Host T Cell And Cell Death Responses, Elizabeth Watts Griggs
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Edwardsiella ictaluri is a gram-negative bacterium of the family Enterobacteriaceae that infects and causes enteric septicemia (ESC) of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), a fatal disease costing the catfish industry millions of dollars in losses each year. Edwardsiella. ictaluri is capable of replicating in catfish head-kidney-derived-macrophages (HKDM), and like many other gram-negative bacteria, E. ictaluri encodes a Type III Secretion System (T3SS) that is required for virulence and intracellular replication. In the case of E. ictaluri, the T3SS translocates effectors from the Edwardsiella containing vacuole (ECV) through the bacterial cell wall and the vacuolar membrane directly to the …
Hsv-1 Live-Attenuated Vaccine Strain Vc2 Confers Complete Protection In Mice Against Ocular Immunipathogenesis By The Human Clinical Strain Hsv-1 (Mckrae), Shan Krishnan Naidu
Hsv-1 Live-Attenuated Vaccine Strain Vc2 Confers Complete Protection In Mice Against Ocular Immunipathogenesis By The Human Clinical Strain Hsv-1 (Mckrae), Shan Krishnan Naidu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) can cause severe ocular infection and blindness. We have previously shown that the HSV-1 VC2 vaccine strain is protective in mice and guinea pigs against genital herpes infection following vaginal challenge with HSV-1 or HSV-2. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of VC2 intramuscular vaccination in mice against herpetic keratitis following ocular challenge with the lethal human clinical strain HSV-1(McKrae). VC2 vaccination in mice produced superior protection and morbidity control in comparison to its parental strain HSV-1(F). Specifically, after HSV-1(McKrae) ocular challenge, all VC2- vaccinated mice survived, while 30% of the HSV-1(F)- vaccinated and …
Evaluation Of Oncolytic And Immunomodulatory Potential Of The Hsv-1 Live-Attenuated Vaccine Strain Vc2 In An Immunocompetent Murine Melanoma Model, Natalie Wall Fowlkes
Evaluation Of Oncolytic And Immunomodulatory Potential Of The Hsv-1 Live-Attenuated Vaccine Strain Vc2 In An Immunocompetent Murine Melanoma Model, Natalie Wall Fowlkes
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Melanoma accounts for 90% of skin cancer-related deaths in humans. Treatment options for metastatic melanoma in people is very limited. Melanoma is considered to be an immunogenic tumor, spurring interest in development of immunotherapies for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. Oncolytic virotherapy has been widely investigated. The first ever oncolytic virotherapy to receive FDA-approval is an HSV-1-based virus (Talimogene Laherperavec (T-Vec) or Imlygic) containing a transgene for human GM-CSF to enhance anti-tumor immune responses after injection. Durable response rate in human patients was only 16% despite impressive efficacy in anti-tumor effects in vitro and in murine tumor models. Novel viruses …
Rickettsia Felis, Transmission Mechanisms Of An Emerging Flea-Borne Rickettsiosis, Lisa Diane Brown
Rickettsia Felis, Transmission Mechanisms Of An Emerging Flea-Borne Rickettsiosis, Lisa Diane Brown
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Rickettsia felis is an emerging insect-borne rickettsial pathogen and the causative agent of flea-borne spotted fever. First described as a human pathogen from the United States in 1991, R. felis is now identified throughout the world and considered a common cause of fever in Africa. The cosmopolitan distribution of this pathogen is credited to the equally widespread occurrence of cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis), the primary vector and reservoir of R. felis. Additionally, R. felis has been identified in other hematophagous arthropods (including numerous species of fleas, ticks, mosquitoes, and mites). Most transmission cycles of pathogenic Rickettsia include transovarial and transstadial …
Identification And Characterization Of A Relish-Type Nf-Kb, Dvrelish In Dermacentor Variabilis, The American Dog Tick, Victoria Irene Verhoeve
Identification And Characterization Of A Relish-Type Nf-Kb, Dvrelish In Dermacentor Variabilis, The American Dog Tick, Victoria Irene Verhoeve
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Ticks are important worldwide as vectors of bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Pathogenic and non-pathogenic Spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia are maintained and transmitted by ticks with specific hard tick-Rickettsia pairings evident in nature. The pathogenic SFG Rickettsia rickettsii is transmitted by the hard tick Dermacentor variabilis. In response to infection, D. variabilis is known differentially respond to SFG Rickettsia infection. The mechanisms of differential immune induction are currently unknown, and are likely involved in the establishment of specific tick-SFG Rickettsia pairings. It was hypothesized that the level of response by D. variabilis to SFG Rickettsia occurs in a species-specific manner, …
Characterization Of Rickettsial Infection Dynamics Within Dermacentor Variabilis And Amblyomma Maculatum, Emma Kate Harris
Characterization Of Rickettsial Infection Dynamics Within Dermacentor Variabilis And Amblyomma Maculatum, Emma Kate Harris
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia are primarily associated with their reservoir host and vector, the tick. Rickettsial colonization and maintenance within the arthropod is a key component of vector competence and pathogen transmission to the mammalian host. Contemporary detection of novel tick hosts for rickettsial species, combined with an unprecedented rise in human cases of SFG rickettsiosis, necessitates a deeper understanding of tick/Rickettsia interactions. The hypothesis for this work is that if primary tick/Rickettsia pairings do not exist then rickettsial determinants account for primary vector/pathogen relationships. To this end, Dermacentor variabilis and Amblyomma maculatum ticks were exposed to R. rickettsii, …
Amblyomma Maculatum Immunomodulation In Mammalian Models Of Rickettsia Parkeri Rickettsiosis, Kaikhushroo Hormazd Banajee
Amblyomma Maculatum Immunomodulation In Mammalian Models Of Rickettsia Parkeri Rickettsiosis, Kaikhushroo Hormazd Banajee
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Rickettsia parkeri is an emerging human pathogen and spotted fever group Rickettsia that is transmitted via Amblyomma maculatum (the Gulf Coast tick) in the United States. Since these ticks must feed for several days in order to molt to the next life cycle, they must be able to counteract the host immune response. Despite this fact, there have been few studies that evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of this vector and the resultant influence on rickettsial disease. The hypothesis of this research is that, if A. maculatum feeding modifies the host immune response, this immunomodulation will enhance disease caused by R. …
Chikungunya Virus Infection-Associated Bone And Joint Disease, Brad A. Goupil
Chikungunya Virus Infection-Associated Bone And Joint Disease, Brad A. Goupil
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that circulates predominantly in tropical and subtropical regions. Infection results in severe debilitating polyarthralgia during the acute phase of disease, and reports suggest that chronic arthralgia lasting months to years after the initial infection can occur. More severe and prolonged disease has been associated with pre-existing joint disease, though this has not been experimentally examined. In the research presented herein, two established mouse models (adult IRF 3/7 -/- -/- and wild-type C57BL/6J mice) were utilized to characterize CHIKV-associated bone and joint disease and evaluate its impact on the progression of pre-existing osteoarthritis (OA) …
The Role Of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Glycoprotein K In Neuroinvasion And Immunopathogenesis Of Herpes Keratitis, Ahmad Saied
The Role Of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Glycoprotein K In Neuroinvasion And Immunopathogenesis Of Herpes Keratitis, Ahmad Saied
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
ABSTRACT Herpes simplex virus type 1 is a common neurotropic pathogen responsible for a multitude of human diseases ranging from mucocutaneous lesions, keratitis to life-threatening encephalitis. The hallmark of the HSV-1 life cycle is infection of sensory neurons, where the virus establishes a latent infection for the life of the host. Viral envelope glycoproteins play important roles in viral life cycle and virus-host interaction. Viral glycoproteins gK, gM, gE and the membrane protein UL11 have been shown to be important for virus assembly, egress and virus spread. To investigate the relative importance of each of gK, gM, gE and UL11 …
Comparative Genomic Studies Of Catfish And Zebrafish Strains Of Edwardsiella Ictaluri, Rui Wang
Comparative Genomic Studies Of Catfish And Zebrafish Strains Of Edwardsiella Ictaluri, Rui Wang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Edwardsiella ictaluri is a gram negative bacterium that is the causative agent of enteric septicemia of catfish. In 2011, this bacterium was identified as the causative agent of massive death in zebrafish populations in U.S. In this project, we found that isolates of E. ictaluri from zebrafish comprise a unique strain that differs from the type strain of E. ictaluri phenotypically as well as genetically. Also, strains of E. ictaluri from zebrafish are non-infectious in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus by immersion. Here we sequenced the zebrafish strains of E. ictaluri LADL11-100 and LADL11-194 and compared the potential virulence genes in …
Development And Characterization Of A Live-Attenuated Vaccine To Combat Equine Herpesvirus Type-1 Infections, Shiliang Anthony Liu
Development And Characterization Of A Live-Attenuated Vaccine To Combat Equine Herpesvirus Type-1 Infections, Shiliang Anthony Liu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Equine Herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) is an important ubiquitous enzootic equine pathogen and one of the most common pathogens of the horse, causing, respiratory disease, epidemic abortion, occasionally neurological disease in horses, which leads to significant economic losses to the horse industry. EHV-1 induces several clinical signs of disease ranging in severity, from mild respiratory disease to abortion in pregnant mares, neonatal foal death and neuropathogenic disorders. Natural EHV-1 infection stimulated short lived protective immunity and had both humoral and cellular immune responses. Currently vaccination remains the best option to prevent EHV-1 infection and different applications of vaccination have been investigated …
The Use Of Geographic Information Systems And Ecological Niche Modeling To Map Transmission Risk For Visceral Leishmaniasis In Bahia, Brazil, Moara De Santana Martins
The Use Of Geographic Information Systems And Ecological Niche Modeling To Map Transmission Risk For Visceral Leishmaniasis In Bahia, Brazil, Moara De Santana Martins
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Leishmaniasis is a public health problem in Brazil, and despite the control programs in place, Bahia remains one of the states with the highest incidence rates of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). This study proposed to develop and evaluate the applicability of ecological niche models (ENM) for leishmaniasis, to determine the influence of environmental and socioeconomic factors on the incidence of these diseases at three geographic scales: national, statewide and community. Water availability, garbage collection, precipitation and temperature were the most important variables in predicting areas suitable for VL and CL in the country. The extensive geography of …
North American Lyme Borreliae: New Distributions And An Insight Into Borrelia Bissettii Infection, Immune Response And Transmission In A Murine Model, Brian Francis Leydet Jr
North American Lyme Borreliae: New Distributions And An Insight Into Borrelia Bissettii Infection, Immune Response And Transmission In A Murine Model, Brian Francis Leydet Jr
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Lyme borreliosis is an emergent threat to human health. It is estimated that 300,000 cases of Lyme disease are diagnosed annually in the United States. In recent years, non-traditional areas are starting to report more and more cases. While much research has gone into the tick and bacteria responsible for the disease, frequently new Borrelia species are being described and implicated in human illness. These species often go unstudied, and their threat to human health is not known. In the hopes of closing knowledge gaps on Lyme borreliosis in the US, we surveyed a non-endemic state, Louisiana, for Lyme Borrelia …
Mechanisms Of Innate Immunity In Polymicrobial Sepsis, Liliang Jin
Mechanisms Of Innate Immunity In Polymicrobial Sepsis, Liliang Jin
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Severe bacterial sepsis leads to a pro-inflammatory condition that can manifest as septic shock, multiple organ failure, and death. Neutrophils are critical for the rapid elimination of bacteria, however, the role of neutrophil chemoattractant CXCL1, pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)- NLR protein 3 (NLRP3) and alcohol in bacterial clearance during sepsis remains elusive. We demonstrate that CXCL1 plays a pivotal role in mediating host defense to polymicrobial sepsis following cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in gene-deficient mice. CXCL1 appears to be essential for restricting bacterial outgrowth and preventing multiple organ failure and death in mice. Moreover, CXCL1 is essential for neutrophil …
The Role Of Viral Glycoproteins And Tegument Proteins In Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Cytoplasmic Virion Envelopment, Dmitry Vladimirovich Chouljenko
The Role Of Viral Glycoproteins And Tegument Proteins In Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Cytoplasmic Virion Envelopment, Dmitry Vladimirovich Chouljenko
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a ubiquitous neurotropic alphaherpesvirus transmitted by contact with mucocutaneous surfaces of infected individuals. HSV-1 enters the host by fusion of the viral envelope with the host cell plasma membrane, followed by translocation of the viral capsids to the nucleus where viral DNA is injected into the host cell nucleus to initiate viral replication. To generate infectious virions, newly assembled capsids travel to the cytoplasm and undergo a process called secondary envelopment by budding into cytoplasmic vesicles derived from the trans-Golgi network. Cytoplasmic envelopment is a complex process involving interactions between a multitude of …
Influence Of Aedes Aegypti Saliva On The Vertebrate Host Response To Dengue Virus, Michael Kevin Mccracken
Influence Of Aedes Aegypti Saliva On The Vertebrate Host Response To Dengue Virus, Michael Kevin Mccracken
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Dengue virus (DENV) is maintained in a primarily anthroponotic cycle between humans and the mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Investigations into DENV infection of the vertebrate host generally do not account for the contribution of vector saliva, an inherent part of the mosquito-borne viral inoculum. Feeding by mosquitoes on vertebrate hosts is initiated by probing, which results in physical damage to the skin and vasculature, and the simultaneous introduction of DENV and saliva into the skin. Saliva contains many individual proteins with the potential to modulate host hemostasis and immune responses, thereby facilitating blood feeding and virus transmission. As exogenous antigens, both …
Comparison Of Immune Responses During Gastrointestinal Helminth Self-Cure Expulsion Between Resistant Gulf Coast Native And Susceptible Suffolk Sheep, Javier Jesus Garza
Comparison Of Immune Responses During Gastrointestinal Helminth Self-Cure Expulsion Between Resistant Gulf Coast Native And Susceptible Suffolk Sheep, Javier Jesus Garza
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The immune response to the self-cure phenomenon seen during gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) parasitism of small ruminants was compared between sheep breeds that are resistant or susceptible to Haemonchus contortus infection. Fifty-four Gulf Coast Native (resistant) and Suffolk (susceptible) lambs were allowed to acquire a natural GIN infection on pasture and were then randomly allocated into 4 groups. After being moved to parasite free housing for 2 months, lambs were given a challenge infection of 20,000 H. contortus L3. Fecal egg counts (FEC) were monitored throughout the study and animals were necropsied at 0, 1, 3, and 7 days post infection …
Outer Surface Lipoprotein Layer Homeostasis And Gene Regulation In Borrelia Burgdorferi, Poonam Dadhwal
Outer Surface Lipoprotein Layer Homeostasis And Gene Regulation In Borrelia Burgdorferi, Poonam Dadhwal
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The outer surface lipoprotein (osp) layer forms an interface between the internal and the external environment of the Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi. The homeostatic maintenance of the osp layer effectuates adaptation of B. burgdorferi as it gets transmitted from the tick vector to a mammalian host and vice-versa. However, the regulation of the outer surface lipoproteins (osps) is still a conundrum for borrelia scientists. Part of this dissertation inquires about the homeostatic maintenance of the osp layer. We found that the deletion of the dominantly expressed tick phase osp, OspA, induces expression of two other osps. OspD, and BBJ41. …
Genetics And Functions Of Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 Membrane Proteins Ul20/Gk In Virion Envelopment And Entry, Anu Susan Charles
Genetics And Functions Of Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 Membrane Proteins Ul20/Gk In Virion Envelopment And Entry, Anu Susan Charles
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The envelopment and egress of the Herpes Simplex Virus is an important event in the life cycle of the virus. The important membrane proteins required for the envelopment and egress of the virus are glycoproteins gM, gK, gE and non-glycosylated membrane proteins UL20p and UL11. Among them one of the most critical protein is the UL20 protein which has four transmembrane domains with amino and carboxyl termini are predicted to lie within the cytoplasmic side of cellular membranes. Studies done in our laboratory have shown that deletion of UL20 or other lethal mutations have an adverse effect on envelopment and …
Signal Transduction And Rickettsial Infection Of Tick Cells, Natthida Petchampai
Signal Transduction And Rickettsial Infection Of Tick Cells, Natthida Petchampai
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia are obligate intracellular bacteria that are carried by ticks. One such tick, Dermacentor variabilis is a vector for the etiologic agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, R. rickettsii. These ticks also carry a non-pathogenic R. montanensis, the agent used in this study. Interestingly, field data collected from infected D. variabilis throughout the United States revealed that the majority of Rickettsia in ticks are non-pathogenic species such as R. montanensis. Although ticks serve as both vector and reservoir hosts for SFG Rickettsia, many questions regarding tick-Rickettsia interaction remain unresolved. Therefore, the overall goal of this research …
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Glycoprotein Gm And The Membrane Associated Protein Ul11 Are Required For Virus-Induced Cell Fusion And Efficient Virus Entry, In Joong Kim
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
HSV-1 facilitates virus entry into cells and cell-to-cell spread by mediating fusion of the viral envelope with cellular membranes and fusion of adjacent cellular membranes. Although virus strains isolated from herpetic lesions cause limited cell fusion in cell culture, clinical herpetic lesions typically contain large syncytia, underscoring the importance of cell-to-cell fusion in virus spread in infected tissues. Certain mutations in gB, gK, UL20 and other viral genes, drastically enhance virus-induced cell fusion in vitro and in vivo. Recent work has suggested that gB is the sole fusogenic glycoprotein, which is regulated by interactions with viral glycoproteins gD, gH/gL, gK, …
Role Of Nod2/Rip2 Signaling In Acute Bacterial Pneumonia And Sepsis, Balamayooran Theivanthiran
Role Of Nod2/Rip2 Signaling In Acute Bacterial Pneumonia And Sepsis, Balamayooran Theivanthiran
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Bacterial pneumonia and sepsis are two important causes of mortality in the world. Emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria has necessitated the development of new treatment and/or prevention strategies to augment host immune defense. In this context, the innate host defense is critical in clearing pathogenic bacteria from the host. Early neutrophil recruitment is a critical step in a multistep requence leading to bacterial clearance. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play a critical role in the innate immune system. Receptor interacting protein 2 (RIP-2) is an adaptor for the nod-like receptors (NLR) NOD1 and NOD2. Nucleotide oligomerisation domain 2 (NOD2) is an …
Epidemiology And Molecular Characterization Of Human And Canine Hookworm, Ntombi B. Mudenda
Epidemiology And Molecular Characterization Of Human And Canine Hookworm, Ntombi B. Mudenda
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Among the soil-transmitted helminths (STH), hookworms are a worldwide problem in both humans and animals. They cause non-specific gastrointestinal symptoms, and in young children and animals, they can cause stunting, malnutrition and anemia. Canine hookworms have significant zoonotic potential as a cause of cutaneous larvae migrans and eosinophilic enteritis in humans. To determine the ecological niche of human hookworm in Brazil, two risk models were developed based on the Growing Degree Day-Water Budget (GDD-WB) concept, one based on accumulation of monthly temperatures above a base temperature of 15oC and threshold WB value >0.4. The second was based on a ‘gradient …
The Role Of Gylcoprotein K (Gk) In The Ocular And Neuropathogenesis Of Herpes Simplex Virus-Type 1 (Hsv-1), Andrew Timothy David
The Role Of Gylcoprotein K (Gk) In The Ocular And Neuropathogenesis Of Herpes Simplex Virus-Type 1 (Hsv-1), Andrew Timothy David
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a DNA virus that is a ubiquitous pathogen of humans. The hallmark of the HSV-lifecycle is infection of a mucosal surface with spread to sensory neurons where the virus establishes a latent infection with periodic recurrences for the life of the host. The most common course of symptomatic disease with HSV-1 is the typical mucocutaneous lesion that is self-limiting. HSV-1 can also cause acute encephalitis and ocular pathology on reactivation. Both of these manifestations of the disease have severe consequences. Although ocular infection is less frequent, the extensive prevalence of HSV makes it …
Essential Role Of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 In Gram-Negative Bacterial Pneumonia, Gayathriy Balamayooran
Essential Role Of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 In Gram-Negative Bacterial Pneumonia, Gayathriy Balamayooran
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Acute gram-negative bacterial infections are a leading cause of mortality among the nosocomial infections. Increasing numbers of immunosuppressed individuals and growing numbers of antibiotic resistant strains make antibiotic treatment difficult. Neutrophils are the first cells recruited to the site of infection and are critical players in the host defense against gram-negative bacterial pneumonia. Therefore, identification of targets that boost neutrophil-associated host defense in the lung is essential in designing better therapies to control pulmonary infections. Production of chemokines is an important step for neutrophil recruitment. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a chemokine that is important for monocyte and T-lymphocyte influx. …
Role Of Herpes Simplex Type I Glycoproteins In Entry And Cell-Cell Fusion, Sona Chowdhury
Role Of Herpes Simplex Type I Glycoproteins In Entry And Cell-Cell Fusion, Sona Chowdhury
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-1) is a neurotropic virus that infects primarily mucocutaneous epithelial cells and nervous tissue. Membrane fusion is an important aspect of the HSV-1 lifecycle, that occurs during viral entry (virus-cell fusion), viral spread (cell-to-cell fusion), as well as, during virion morphogenesis (assembly and egress). These membrane fusion steps involve complex interactions between multiple viral glycoproteins and cellular receptors. HSV-1 glycoprotein B (gB) is necessary but not sufficient for membrane fusion events. Despite the fact, that the majority of known hypermorphic mutations which cause extensive virus-induced cell fusion occur within glycoprotein K (gK); yet the role …
Koutango: Under Reported Arboviral Disease In West Africa, Jaime Matias De Araujo Lobo
Koutango: Under Reported Arboviral Disease In West Africa, Jaime Matias De Araujo Lobo
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) are among the most common agents of human febrile illnesses worldwide. As crucially important emerging pathogens, they have caused multiple, notable epidemics of human disease and unnoticed epizootics over recent decades. Despite the public health relevance, very little is known about the geographic distribution of the agents and vectors, relative impact, and risk factors associated to the arboviral infection in many regions of the world and in the tropics in particular. Presented in this dissertation is an experimental study that explores the serology screening of serum samples from 151 patients whom were diagnosed with undifferentiated febrile illness …
Development And Characterization Of A Murine Model Of Rickettsia Parkeri Rickettsiosis, Britton Grasperge
Development And Characterization Of A Murine Model Of Rickettsia Parkeri Rickettsiosis, Britton Grasperge
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Rickettsia parkeri, a member of the spotted fever group of Rickettsia, is the agent of an emerging rickettsiosis in the southeastern United States and South America. Despite increased recognition of human cases, limited information is available regarding infection of invertebrate and vertebrate hosts for this emerging tick-borne disease. Towards development of a viable transmission model and to further characterize the pathology associated with R. parkeri infection, inbred mouse strains (A/J, Balb/C, C3H/HeJ, and C3H/HeN) were intravenously and intradermally inoculated with R. parkeri. The C3H/HeJ strain of mice were identified as the most susceptible to R. parkeri infection and were found …
Arbovirus Phenotype Alters Transmission Potential, Rebecca C. Christofferson
Arbovirus Phenotype Alters Transmission Potential, Rebecca C. Christofferson
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Extrinsic and environmental factors are known to affect the transmission of arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), including variations in the arthropod vector populations. Differences among these factors have been associated with differential transmission and are sometimes used to control the spread of an arbovirus through a vertebrate population in an effort to prevent or disrupt an outbreak. However, diversity in intrinsic viral populations, such as genetic and phenotypic variability, is not often accounted for when considering alterations in transmission. Presented in this dissertation are four experimental studies that explore the contribution of viral intrinsic factors, especially phenotypic variability, to the transmission potential …
The Tick Response To Rickettsial Dissemination During Typical And Atypical Rickettsial Infection, Piyanate Sunyakumthorn
The Tick Response To Rickettsial Dissemination During Typical And Atypical Rickettsial Infection, Piyanate Sunyakumthorn
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Ticks are the only disease vectors for spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia which are obligate intracellular bacteria belonging to the genus Rickettsia. In nature, ticks maintain the infection of SFG Rickettsia via vertical and horizontal transmission. However, the prevalence of rickettsial transmission is limited to certain species of ticks, and this limitation is known as a specific tick/Rickettsia relationship. Due to the continuous increase of tick-borne rickettsial disease cases in the United States, which contrasts with very low prevalence of Rickettsia in tick vectors, the study of vector competence of tick to Rickettsia is needed in order to understand the …