Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

Intra-Articular Injections With Allogeneic Dental Pulp Stem Cells For Chronic Osteoarthritis, Ratikorn Bootcha, Jedee Temwichitr, Soontaree Petchdee

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Stem cell therapies are rapidly gaining attention as a promising tool for tissue regeneration. A variety of stem cell types have been studied as potential candidates to restore the structure and function of damaged organs or tissues. Recent studies have demonstrated the use of stem cells isolated from dental pulp in dentistry and tissue engineering. In our previous studies we have shown the applications of puppy deciduous teeth stem cells (pDSCs) to restore infarcted myocardium and ulceration of the cornea. For this study, our aim was to provide a novel therapeutic application of allogeneic pDSCs in dogs with chronic osteoarthritis …

Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Saikaew Sutayatram

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

What Is Your Diagnosis?, Nan Choisunirachon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Morphology Of The Heart Of A White-Cheeked Gibbon (Hylobates Concolor), Tilladit Rung-Ruangkijkrai, Wuthichai Klomkleaw, Pakorn Prachammuang

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The heart was recovered at post mortem from an adult white-cheeked gibbon, Hylobates concolor, for anatomical and histological studies. Macroscopically, it had oval shape, blunt and spherical apex with 3.5 cm. and 5 cm. in width and length. Smooth edged comma-shaped right auricle was markedly bigger than the jagged- edged left auricle. Pectinate muscles were found both at the internal surface of the right auricle and lateral free wall of the right atrium, while limited only in blind part of the left auricle. The coronary arteries supply was left coronary type. The left coronary artery gave circumflex and paraconal interventricular …

Environmental Microbes And Uveitis: Is Microbial Exposure Always Bad?, Chandirasegaran Massilamany, A. Gangaplara, J. Reddy

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The eye generally is considered to be an immune-privileged organ, but this notion is being increasingly challenged as ocular antigens can be expressed in the generative lymphoid organs, resulting in attainment of self-tolerance. What triggers a break in this tolerant state is a fundamental question in autoimmunity research. The general belief is that exposure to environmental microbes can break self-tolerance in genetically susceptible individuals, leading to the induction of autoimmune responses. The molecular mimicry hypothesis has been proposed as one major mechanistic, pathway through which microbes, by generating crossreactive immune responses, can induce ocular damage of the kind that might …

Effects Of Immunization Against Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone On Reproductive Functions In Male Rusa Deer (Rusa Timorensis), Orasa Phraluk, Worawidh Wajjwalku, Boripat Siriaroonrat, Orawan Booddee, Nikorn Thongtip

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

We performed an evaluation of the effect of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) vaccine on male rusa deer reproductive function. Mature male rusa deer (Rusa timorensis) were divided into two groups: untreated group (n=3) and treated group (n=7). The treated rusa deer were administered with two ml of the GnRH-protein conjugate vaccine (Improvac®; 200 μg/ml). The vaccine was injected subcutaneously into the treated group three times at four-week intervals (April, May and June) and an additional single dose booster was given after a decrease in GnRH antibody levels was detected (October). Blood testosterone concentrations and GnRH antibody titer were determined before …

Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Optimization Of Cell Permeabilization For Rapid Detection Of Salmonella In Pork By Fish, Damrongsak Arlai, Sujate Chuanchom, Theerapol Sirinarumitr

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Salmonella spp. are one of the major causes of infectious gastroenteritis. The route of infection is usually ingestion of contaminated food. Due to the severity of the disease, it is worthwhile to identify appropriate preventive measures. Bacterial culture method is the gold standard method, but it is time-consuming (at least 4-6 days). Therefore, in this research, the fluorescence in situ hybridization technique (FISH) was optimized for rapid and accurate detection of Salmonella spp. in contaminated pork using a 3¢-end tailing oligonucleotide probe. The optimum digestion condition for cell permeation with lysozyme was 1 mg/ml at 37oC for 3 min. The …

Antibiotic Resistance And Molecular Characterization Of Enterobacter Cancerogenus Isolated From Wild Birds In Taif Province, Saudi Arabia, Aly E. Abo-Amer, Mohammed Y. Shobrak

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Enterobacter infection can cause diseases such as bacteremia, lower respiratory tract infections, skin and soft-tissue infections, urinary tract infections, etc. Enterobacter could be isolated from natural environments. Enterobacter infections can require prolonged hospitalization and powerful and expensive antimicrobial agents. Increase in the number of resistant and multi-resistant strains of bacteria is a major concern to health officials worldwide. Therefore, the objective of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Enterobacter sp. recovered from wild birds collected in Taif province, Saudi Arabia. Fifty isolates were recovered from cloacal samples of resident wild birds and 32 isolates from cloacal samples …

Effect Of Activated Charcoal-Supplemented Diet On Growth Performance And Intestinal Morphology Of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus), Nopadon Pirarat, Surinton Boonananthanasarn, Laddawan Krongpong, Takayuki Katagiri, Masashi Maita

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The effect of tilapia diet supplemented with activated charcoal (AC) on growth performance and intestinal morphology of Nile Tilapia was examined. The fish were divided into four groups: a control group and three AC-supplementation groups (1%, 2% and 3% of AC in diet), and fed approximately 3% of body weight twice a day for 30 days. Growth performance and intestinal villus height were measured. Results revealed that the 2% AC-supplemented diet group was significantly (P<0.05) better in terms of percentage weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR), among the experimental groups. The foregut and midgut villus height of the 3% and 2% AC-supplemented diet groups was similar, but was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). Consequently, the supplementation of diet with 2% AC was found to be the most suitable for improving the growth performance and intestinal morphology in tilapia.

Disseminated Oral Melanoma With Brain And Gastrointestinal Tract Involvements In A Cocker Spaniel: A Case Report, Sawang Kesdangsakonwut, Katriya Chankow, Anudep Rungsipipat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A nine-year-old, male Cocker Spaniel with a history of surgical excision of oral melanoma located at the gingiva of the left maxilla was evaluated progressively over the course of 1 month post-surgery. The dog had shown signs of respiratory distress. Radiographic examination revealed diffusely pulmonary metastases. The respiratory distress progressively worsened and the dog died following excision of the oral mass. On necropsy, disseminated metastases to various organs including the lungs, heart, mediastinum, liver, kidneys, spleen, tonsil, lymph nodes, adrenal glands, thoracic wall, jejunum, pancreas, and brain were observed. Microscopically, the neoplastic cells were characterized by spindle to polyhedral phenotypes, …

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Isolation And Molecular Characterization Of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella, Shigella And Proteus From Domestic Birds, Aly E. Abo-Amer, Mohammed Y. Shobrak

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The increase in multidrug-resistant enteric bacteria, especially Salmonella, Shigella and Proteus in poultry has become a significant public health threat. Therefore, this work was aimed to investigate whether domestic birds have a role in the emergence and transmission of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in Taif province. Salmonella, Shigella and Proteus were isolated from different types of healthy domestic birds (n=42) collected from different places. Bacterial isolates were recovered from cloacal swabs of birds by non-selective and selective pre-enrichment technique. One hundred and sixty six bacterial isolates were screened for antibiotic susceptibility such as Cefaclor, Oxacillin, Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, Cephalexin, Neomycin, Colistin, Ciprofloxacin, …

Comparison Of Two Locations For Recording Intracardiac Conductivity In Anesthetized Dogs, Nakkawee Saengklub, Vudhiporn Limprasutr, Suwanakiet Sawangkoon, Chollada Buranakarl, Narongsak Chaiyabutr, Anusak Kijtawornrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

In safety pharmacological and toxicological studies, all new chemical entities should be investigated for the possibility of slow atrioventricular (AV) conduction especially at the infranodal of AV node. The objective of this study was to compare two locations of His bundle electrogram (HBE) recording, the right side (right atrium) and the left side (non-coronary cusp), of the heart in anesthetized dogs. Diltiazem was used to evaluate these two locations. The dogs (n=6) were anesthetized with morphine and a-chloralose. In order to record HBE, two catheters with multiple electrodes were placed in the right atrium via jugular vein and in the …

Antimicrobial Use And Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Spp., Escherichia Coli, And Enterococcus Faecalis In Swine From Northern Thailand, David C. Love, Prasit Tharavichitkul, Orapun Arjkumpa, Maho Imanishi, Soawapak Hinjoy, Kenrad Nelson, Keeve E. Nachman

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to isolate antimicrobial-resistant bacteria from intensive commercial and backyard swine operations (farms) in Northern Thailand and to characterize antimicrobial usage among swine farmers. A total of 51 swine farms in Chiang Mai, Lampoon, and Nan provinces were visited from February to October 2011 to collect swine fecal samples for bacterial isolation (Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis) and antimicrobial resistance testing. A survey about production intensity, management practices, animal health, and antimicrobial usage was conducted with a sub-set of farms (n = 20) located in Nan province. The farm-level prevalence of drug-resistant E. coli, …

An Inactivated Vaccine For Prevention And Control Of Inclusion Body Hepatitis In Broiler Breeders, Sucheeva Junnu, Preeda Lertwatcharasarakul, Siriluk Jala, Sakuna Phattanakulanan, Angkasiya Monkong, Sittinee Kulprasertsri, Chotiga Thivalai, Warunya Chakritbudsabong, Kridsada Chaichoun, Thaweesak Songserm

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Inclusion bodies hepatitis (IBH) in Thailand is caused by Fowl Adenovirus (FAdv) serotype 2. Vertical transmission is the important route for disease outbreak. Biosecurity and vaccination are the major keys for disease control and prevention. Vaccination of broiler breeders results in maternal antibody production that can be transferred to their progenies. Therefore, the aim of present study was to develop an inactivated FAdv serotype 2 vaccine. The FAdv was isolated from liver of infected chickens by inoculation onto chicken embryo liver cells (CEL). Virus purification was performed and then inactivated by Binary Ethylene Imine (BEI). The 107 TCID50 of virus …

In Vitro Modulatory Effects Of Quercetin On Bovine Neutrophil Effector Functions, Phongsakorn Chuammitri, Chiradet Amphaiphan, Panupong Nojit

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Bovine neutrophils perform numerous effector functions to overcome microbial invasions by utilizing innately-equipped intracellular and extracellular killing mechanisms. In this study, we explored the modulatory effects of quercetin hydrate (QH), an herbal flavonoid compound, on bovine neutrophil functional activities. Isolated neutrophils were incubated with various concentrations of QH (0-100 mM). Neutrophil viability results showed no signs of cytotoxicity (p = 0.33). In other assays, neutrophils were stimulated with a pre-defined concentration of QH (50 mM). Results showed promising effects of QH on enhancing intracellular ROS generation (p < 0.0001) compared to control. Phagocytic activity of fluorescently labeled E.coli was also augmented by the effects of this compound (p = 0.05). However, intracellular killing of live E.coli quantified by MTT assay demonstrated a slight decrease in activity (p = 0.304). Additionally, extracellular killing driven by NET-DNA release was remarkably higher in QH-stimulated cells (p = 0.0004). Supplementation of QH to LPS stimulated neutrophils resulted in significantly decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1b (p < 0.0001) and TNF-a gene expression (p = 0.004). Taken together, quercetin could exert its noteworthy actions, both at cellular and molecular levels, at a certain physiological concentration.

Genetic Variant Of Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus Detected From Captive Asian Elephants (Elephas Maximus) In Thailand From 2007 To 2013, Preeda Lertwatcharasarakul, Pornchai Sanyathitiseree, Nikorn Thongtip, Patara Charoenphan3, Benjamas Boonyasart, Nattha Maneewan, Thaweesak Songserm

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The study was aimed at characterizing elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) that was detected in captive Asian elephants in Thailand from 2007 to 2013. Six tissue samples of dead elephants and two EDTA blood samples of surviving elephants in Thailand showed clinical signs or had lesions of the viral infection. Samples were extracted for DNA amplification using a PCR technique with strain specific primers based on terminase and DNA polymerase genes. Six samples gave positive amplicons for EEHV1 specific primers and two samples gave positive amplicons for EEHV3/4 specific primers. Nucleotide sequencing analysis was assured for strain identification. Five out of …

Acute Toxicity Study Of Nanosilver Particles In Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus): Pathological Changes, Particle Bioaccumulation And Metallothionien Protein Expression, Anunya Srinonate, Wijit Banlunara, Pattwat Maneewattanapinyo, Chuchaat Thammacharoen, Sanong Ekgasit, Theerayuth Kaewamatawong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

An acute toxicopathological study of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was conducted in concentrations of 0, 1, 10 and 100 ppm in adult tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at days 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4. Mortality, clinical sign, histopathology and immunohistochemistry were observed and evaluated. Calculated LC50 at 24 hr was 53 ppm. The major clinical sign was respiratory distress. Histopathologic lesions were found mainly in gill, kidney, spleen and liver. Severity of the lesions depended on the concentration and exposure time. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) positive immunostaning was found in gill and renal tubular epithelium. Metallothionein (MT) positive staining was observed in renal …

Systems-Based Analysis Of The Sarcocystis Neurona Genome Identifies Pathways That Contribute To A Heteroxenous Life Cycle, Tomasz Blazejewski, Nirvana Nursimulu, Viviana Pszenny, Sriveny Dangoudoubiyam, Sivaranjani Namasivayam, Melissa A. Chiasson, Kyle Chessman, Michelle Tonkin, Lakshmipuram S. Swapna, Stacy S. Hung, Joshua Bridgers, Stacy M. Ricklefs, Martin J. Boulanger, Jitender P. Dubey, Stephen F. Porcella, Jessica C. Kissinger, Daniel K. Howe, Michael E. Grigg, John Parkinson

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Sarcocystis neurona is a member of the coccidia, a clade of single-celled parasites of medical and veterinary importance including Eimeria, Sarcocystis, Neospora, and Toxoplasma. Unlike Eimeria, a single-host enteric pathogen, Sarcocystis, Neospora, and Toxoplasma are two-host parasites that infect and produce infectious tissue cysts in a wide range of intermediate hosts. As a genus, Sarcocystis is one of the most successful protozoan parasites; all vertebrates, including birds, reptiles, fish, and mammals are hosts to at least one Sarcocystis species. Here we sequenced Sarcocystis neurona, the causal agent of fatal equine protozoal myeloencephalitis. The …

Diagnosis Of Strongylus Vulgaris, Martin K. Nielsen, Ulla Anderson, Daniel K. Howe

Veterinary Science Faculty Patents

Embodiments of the presently-disclosed subject matter provide an isolated polypeptide comprising the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, fragments thereof, and/or epitopes thereof. Embodiments of the presently-disclosed subject matter also provide methods for diagnosing a Strongylus vulgaris infection in a subject that comprises providing a biological sample from the subject and contacting the sample with the present isolated polypeptide, fragment thereof, and/or epitope thereof. In some embodiments theStrongylus vulgaris infection can be detected during a prepatent period. In further embodiments the subject is a horse.

Ectoparasitism Shortens The Breeding Season In A Colonial Bird, Charles R. Brown, Mary Bomberger Brown

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

When blood-feeding parasites increase seasonally, their deleterious effects may prevent some host species, especially those living in large groups where parasites are numerous, from reproducing later in the summer. Yet the role of parasites in regulating the length of a host’s breeding season—and thus the host’s opportunity for multiple brooding—has not been systematically investigated. The highly colonial cliff swallow (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota), a temperate-latitude migratory songbird in the western Great Plains, USA, typically has a relatively short (eight to nine week) breeding season, with birds rarely nesting late in the summer. Colonies at which ectoparasitic swallow bugs (Oeciacus vicarius) were experimentally …

Prevalence And Risk Factors For Mast Cell Tumours In Dogs In England, Stephanie J.W. Shoop, Stephanie Marlow, David B. Church, Kate English, Paul D. Mcgreevy, Anneliese J. Stell, Peter C. Thomson, Dan G. O'Neill, David C. Brodbelt

Epidemiology Collection

Background

Mast cell tumour (MCT) appears to be a frequent tumour type in dogs, though there is little published in relation to its frequency in dogs in the UK. The current study aimed to investigate prevalence and risk factors for MCTs in dogs attending English primary-care veterinary practices.

Methods

Electronic patient records from practices participating in the VetCompass animal surveillance project between July 2007 and June 2013 were searched for MCT diagnosis. Various search terms and standard diagnostic terms (VeNom codes) identified records containing MCT diagnoses, which were evaluated against clinical criteria for inclusion to the study. MCT prevalence for …

Protective Efficacy Of Centralized And Polyvalent Envelope Immunogens In An Attenuated Equine Lentivirus Vaccine, Jodi K. Craigo, Corin Ezzelarab, Sheila J. Cook, Chong Liu, David Horohov, Charles J. Issel, Ronald C. Montelaro

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

Lentiviral Envelope (Env) antigenic variation and related immune evasion present major hurdles to effective vaccine development. Centralized Env immunogens that minimize the genetic distance between vaccine proteins and circulating viral isolates are an area of increasing study in HIV vaccinology. To date, the efficacy of centralized immunogens has not been evaluated in the context of an animal model that could provide both immunogenicity and protective efficacy data. We previously reported on a live-attenuated (attenuated) equine infectious anemia (EIAV) virus vaccine, which provides 100% protection from disease after virulent, homologous, virus challenge. Further, protective efficacy demonstrated a significant, inverse, linear relationship …

Growing South Dakota (Winter 2015), College Of Agriculture &. Biological Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

This issue includes the 2014 SDSU Agricultural Experiment Station Annual Report.

[Page] 2 AES Director’s Message
[Page] 3 Better Beans: Innovative Research Seeks To Increase Soybean’s Nitrogen-Fixing Ability
[Page] 6 Bioprocessing Adds Value: Researchers Turn Agricultural Residue Into Energy Storage Material
[Page] 8 Protecting Water Quality: Conservation Practices Minimize Erosion, Surface Runoff
[Page] 10 Balancing Ag & Wildlife: Cover Crop Food Plots Help Manage Deer Population
[Page] 11 Industry Insight: Beef Consumers Get Information From Websites, Social Media
[Page] 12 Evaluating Efficiency: Swine Nutritional Studies Underway; New Facility Will Allow For Expanded Research
[Page] 14 SDSU Hosts National Ag Leaders …

Histological Sequences Of Long Bone Development In The New Zealand White Rabbits, Yasser A. Ahmed, Eman A. Abdelrahim, Fatma Khalil

Histology Collection

Long bone development occurred through endochondral ossification. The current study investigated the main histological changes associated with the development of humerus from the New Zealand white rabbits. The upper limb or humerus during embryonic (12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 21, 24 and 27 days) and neonatal (3 and 7 days) development was processed for light microscopy. Three stages preceded endochondral ossification; limb bud (mesenchymal cells), cartilage primordia (mesenchymal condensation and differentiation into chondrocytes) and cartilage template (organization of chondrocytes into proliferative and hypertrophic zones) by 12, 14 and 15 days, respectively. At day 16, cartilage template elongated forming a cartilaginous …

Mineral Composition Of Beef Cattle Carcasses, Andrea K. Watson, Jana L. Harding, Matt P. Mccurdy Curdy, Matt J. Hersom, Kristin E. Hales, Clint R. Krehbiel, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Mineral retention was measured in 76 beef steers. Cattle were grown at different rates of gain and then finished on a common diet. Calcium and P retention were not affected by treatment and were similar between the growing and finishing periods averaging 4.2 g P and 10.8 g Ca /100 g protein gain across both experiments. As ADG during the growing period was decreased, K, Mg, and S mineral retention during the finishing period were increased. Expressing mineral retention as g/100 g protein gain reducedvariation due to animal size and ADG and suggests that current NRC predictions are accurate.

Anaerobic Digestion Of Feedlot Manure, Andrea K. Watson, Adam L. Shreck, Amy M. Schmidt Schmidt, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Cattle diet can impact manure quality and quantity but has minimal impacts on methane production from anaerobic digestion of manure. Quality of manure, measured as OM, does affectmethane production and is largely impacted by the environment cattle are housed in and methods used to collect manure. As the amount of ash contamination of manure was increased, or OM content of the manure was decreased, organic matter degradation and methaneproduction were decreased. With adequate daily cleanout of ash from digesters, open-lot beef cattle manurecan be used for anaerobic digestion.

Mineral Composition Of Serial Slaughter Holstein Carcasses, Andrea K. Watson, Trent J. Mcevers, Lee-Anne J. Walter Walter, Nathan D. May, Jacob A. Reed, N. Andy Cole, Ty E. Lawrence, James C. Macdonald, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Carcasses of 115 Holstein steers were divided into lean, bone, internal cavity, hide, and fat tissues for analysis of P, Ca, K, Mg, and S retention. Every 28 days, five steers from each of two treatments, fed Zilmax for 20 days prior to harvest or not fed Zilmax, were harvested. There were no differences due to treatment or days on feed when mineral retention was expressed as g/100 g of protein gain. Expressing mineral retention relative to protein gain reduced variation due to rate of gain and animal size.

An Economic Analysis Of Conventional And Alternative Cow-Calf Production Systems, Jason M. Warner, Andrea K. Watson, K. H. Jenkins Jenkins, Rick J. Rasby, Kate Brooks, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Profitability through weaning was predicted for conventional and alternative cow-calf production systems using various input price scenarios. At base input price levels, conventional systems were more economical than alternative systems. As pasture price increased, alternativesystems became cost effective. Feeding cows year-round in a confinement setting appeared the least economical; however, an alternative system combining summer drylot feeding with cornstalk grazing is projected to be economically competitive given an increasing abundance of corn residue.