Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

All-Trans Retinoic Acid Regulates Intracellular Redox Status In Marc-145 Cells Infected With Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus, Yan Lin, De Wu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A relationship between oxidative stress, and apoptosis and/or death has been suggested for many years. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on the cell survival rate and the antioxidant defense system. MARC-145 cells were treated with ATRA after infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). The cell survival rate, total antioxidant capability (T-AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-P_X) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, and glutathione (GSH) content were determined in samples collected from cells incubated with ATRA for 24 or 48 h. The results show that PRRSV …

Reproductive Performance Following Unilateral Ovariectomy For Treatment Of Ovarian Tumors In 7 Mares, Mehmet Can Gündüz, Güven Kaşikçi, Ragip Kiliçarslan, Meli̇h Uçmak, Oktay Düzgün, Çağatay Tek

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Unilateral ovariectomies were performed on 7 mares under inhalation anesthesia for treatment of ovarian tumors. All mares were evaluated for a 2-year history of infertility; 6 mares showed persistent anestrus while 1 mare showed persistent estrus. The presumptive clinical diagnosis of the tumors was made by rectal palpation and ultrasonographic imaging of the ovaries. The affected ovaries were large, spherical, and hard, and the contralateral ovaries were small and inactive. The flank approach technique was used for all of the mares. All mares were operated on successfully. One of the mares had delayed healing and abscess formation in the incision …

Maedi-Visna Virus In Turkish Sheep: A Preliminary Serological Survey Using Elisa Tests, Silvia Preziuso, Mehmet Erman Or, Monica Giammarioli, Abdullah Kayar, Francesco Feliziani, Remzi̇ Gönül, Silvana Farneti, Cağla Parkan Yaramiş, Carlo Valente, Vincenzo Cuteri

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The maedi-visna virus (MVV) is distributed worldwide and, to date, no epidemiological surveys have been carried out using ELISA testing in Turkey. The aims of this study were as follows: i) to verify the diagnostic performance of a home-made ELISA test (HM-ELISA) using Turkish ovine sera in comparison with other commercially available ELISA tests, and ii) to perform a preliminary epidemiological survey in İstanbul province. The MVV seroprevalence in İstanbul province was 15.3%. Older sheep were 5 times more likely to be positive than younger animals, ewes were 3 times more likely to be positive than rams, and all the …

Successful Management Of A Delayed Case Of A Corneal Foreign Body In A Cow, Mujeeb-Ur-Rehman Fazili, Bashir Ahmed Buchoo, Hiranya Kumar Bhattacharyya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A crossbred Jersey cow had been suffering from severe pain for 3 days due to a corneal foreign body. Tranquilization using intravenous triflupromazine (20 mg) followed by Peterson nerve block with 2% lidocaine hydrochloride (13 mL) facilitated examination of the eye and removal of a 12-mm-long (7 mm penetrated plus 5 mm protruding out) dry plant awn from the cornea. Corneal opacity was noted around the puncture site. Direct ophthalmoscopy did not reveal any abnormality in the ocular media. Topical gentamycin (3 mg/mL) and systemic gentamycin (5 mg/kg), along with meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg) for 3 days, followed (on the basis …

Acute Pulmonary Emphysema Cum Pulmonary Edema Apparently Associated With Feeding Of Brassica Juncea In A Dairy Buffalo, Ghulam Muhammad, Muhammad Saqib, Abeera Naureen

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This preliminary report describes the occurrence of acute pulmonary emphysema cum pulmonary edema ensuing in extensive subcutaneous emphysematous swellings in a dairy buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) apparently associated with a sudden shift from berseem (Trifolium alexendrinum) to Brassica juncea fodder. Tachypnea, expiratory dyspnea, open-mouth breathing, loud expiratory grunt with abdominal lift, and crackles in ventral aspects of the lungs with normal rectal temperature characterized the condition clinically. A substantial improvement was noted 3 h after treatment with parenteral administration of prednisolone plus dexamethasone, diclofenac sodium, and furosemide. Per os administration of chlortetracycline was undertaken after dyspnea had abated. Extensive subcutaneous swellings …

Nasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma In A Cow, Ali Baniadam, Navid Moezzi, Babak Mohammadian

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A patient with a turgid, hemorrhagic mass infected by myiasis in the left nostril and diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is presented. Complete blood count (CBC) showed moderate neutrophilia and eosinophilia and vital signs were in normal range. After aseptic surgical preparations and local anesthesia, the mass removed en bloc and submitted to the Department of Veterinary Pathology for histopathological evaluation. SCC was recognized microscopically by identifying malignant epithelial cells demonstrating various degrees of differentiation towards keratinocytes.

Primary Vaginal Fibroleiomyosarcoma In A 4-Year-Old Holstein-Friesian Cow, Hamdi̇ Avci, Güneş Seri̇n, Ahmet Aydoğan, Serap Bi̇ri̇nci̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A case of fibroleiomyosarcoma of the vagina in a 4-year-old Holstein-Friesian cow is described. The tumour was 6.5 × 5 × 4.2 cm in size, weighed 87.73 g, and had a solid appearance. Histologically, the tumour was composed of smooth muscle and fibrous tissue components with spindle-shaped cells with eosinophilic fibrillary cytoplasm. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells reacted with antibodies to \alpha-SMA, desmin, and vimentin but not with antibodies to CD34, CD68, and S-100 protein. Both histologically and immunohistochemically it showed the features of a fibroleiomyosarcoma.

Impairments In Haematological Parameters Of Saprolegnia Spp. Infected Tench,Tinca Tinca, Syed Lal Shah

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Haematological parameters of tench (Tinca tinca) infected by Saprolegnia spp. were studied. All parameters, except mean corpuscular volume (MCV), decreased in response to infection. A significant (P < 0.05) decrease was observed in haemoglobin (Hb) (-26.85%), red blood cell count (RBCc) (-20.94%), leucocrit (Lct) (-24.14%), and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) (-9.06%). Haematocrit (Hct), white blood cell count (WBCc), and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) also decreased (-7.66%, -12.44%, and -6.19%, respectively); however, differences between the infected and control groups were not significant. Among the parameters, only MCV had a non-significant increase (+7.84%) in the infected fish. The study results show that saprolegniasis caused anaemia and immunosuppression, followed by mortality in tench. Mortality was attributed to haemodilution caused by haemorrhaging and the breakdown of osmotic balance due to tissue (skin and muscular layer) destruction via the penetration of the hyphae; however, lethargy was another mortality promoting factor. Mortality among the Saprolegnia-infected fish also depended upon the initial site of infection, type of tissue destroyed, growth rate of the fungus, and ability of individual fish to withstand the stress. The present study was conducted to investigate physiological impairment in Saprolegnia-infected Tinca tinca under laboratory conditions; however, further studies at the population level in natural habitats and under similar stress conditions are needed.

Biologic Parameters Of Polar Fox (Alopex Lagopus L.) Semen During The Breeding Season, Karolina Stasiak, Bogdan Janicki, Bogumila Kupcewicz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this work was to evaluate the biologic properties of polar fox (Alopex lagopus L.) semen collected during the reproductive season. In 126 ejaculates manually collected from 18 foxes at 10- to 12-day intervals, semen parameters (such as the sperm concentration, volume, pH, sperm morphology, and activity of acid and alkaline phosphatase) were determined. The seminal plasma acid and alkaline phosphatase activity correlated positively with the sperm concentration (r = 0.5676; r = 0.6302; P < 0.01) and negatively with the ejaculate volume (r = -0.3456; r = -0.2783, P < 0.01). A significant correlation also existed between acid and alkaline phosphatase activity (r = 0.7043, P < 0.01).

Effects Of Feed Refreshing Frequency On Behavioural Responses Of Awassi Lambs, Mahmut Keski̇n, Ahmet Şahi̇n, Sabri̇ Gül, Osman Bi̇çer

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Sixty 2-month-old, male Awassi lambs were used in this study to investigate the effects of feed refreshing frequencies on behavioural responses of lambs. Treatments consisted of feed refreshing at intervals of 2 h (FR2), 4 h (FR4), 8 h (FR8), 12 h (FR12), and 24 h (FR24). Each lamb within each group kept individually was considered a replicate. All lambs were offered fresh feed ad libitum in each refreshing period for 56 days. Behavioural responses of the lambs were determined individually by monitoring the animals 2 days a week for 30 min at 10:00, 12:00, 14:00, 16:00, 18:00, 20:00, 22:00, …

Certain Meat Quality Characteristics Of Awassi And Turkish Merino × Awassi (F_1) Lambs, Romedi̇ Çeli̇k, Alper Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to determine the meat quality characteristics of 2-way crossbred lambs that were obtained by mating Turkish Merino (Karacabey Merino) as a sire line with Awassi ewes, as compared to those of purebred Awassi lambs. In all, 8 male and 8 female single born lambs from each genotype (forming 4 groups and 32 lambs) were investigated. In Awassi purebred and Turkish Merino × Awassi (F_1) crossbred lambs mean pH values at 24 h were 5.84 and 5.80, drip losses were 2.35% and 2.69%, cooking losses were 31.41% and 30.94%, Warner-Bratzler shear force values were 3.42 kg and 2.63 …

Alterations Of Hsp70 Gene Expression In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhyncus Mykiss) Exposed To Deltamethrin, Muhammed Atamanalp, Orhan Erdoğan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of the study was to assess the effects of deltamethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide and potential toxic pollutant to aquatic ecosystems, on the heat shock protein HSP70 gene expression in rainbow trout. Deltamethrin was applied at 0.3 and 0.6 \mug/L for 28 days under laboratory conditions. After the experiment, HSP70 was amplified for 20-40 PCR cycles for the control and deltamethrin-treated fish groups. While the quantitative mRNA level was low in the 40^t^h PCR cycle in the control, it was higher in the fish exposed to deltamethrin. The differences between the treated groups and the control group were …

Effect Of Extruded Fodder On Biochemical And Haematological Parameters Of Standardbred Horses Under Training Conditions, Helena Hartlova, Dalibor Rehak, Marketa Sedmikova, Jaroslav Mendlik, Jana Kralova

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to examine whether feeding of extruded fodder can improve the energy metabolism of horses under training conditions. The experiment was performed on 12 clinically healthy Standardbred horses (6 horses in the control group and 6 horses in the experimental group). The diet of the horses was based on oats, barley, meadow hay, and a supplement of vitamins and minerals. The diet of the experimental group (6 horses) was supplemented with 1.25 kg of extruded fodder that replaced the corresponding dose of grain. Feeding doses were related to the rate of sub-maximal workload. Selected biochemical …

Serological Evidence Of Egg Drop Syndrome’1976 (Eds’76) In Free-Range Chickens At Chicken Market Sites In Jos, Nigeria, A.Elayo Salihu, T. Mamuela Joannis, F. Chukwuemeka Onwuliri, J. Okpabi Ibu, A. Abdullahi Masdooq, Abdulhamid Muazu, Gimba Haruna, Joshua Ngbede

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Serological evidence of EDS'76 virus in free-range chickens at the various chicken markets (Kasuwan kaji, New market, Gada biyu, and Kugiya) located in Jos and its environs was investigated through antibody detection. The serum samples randomly collected from chickens were assayed for antibodies against EDS'76 virus by haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test. It was observed that 292 (15.2%) of the 1920 sera tested were positive for EDS'76 antibodies with HI titres ranging between log22 and log2128 and geometric mean titre (GMT) between 4.9 and 13.1. Of this number of positive sera, 150 (51.4%) were from Kasuwan kaji, 90 (30.8%) from Kugiya, 30 …

The Microbiological, Serological And Chemical Qualities Of Mincemeat Marketed In İstanbul, Ömer Çeti̇n, Enver Bariş Bi̇ngöl, Hi̇lal Çolak, Özer Ergün, Can Demi̇r

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this study was to investigate the microbiological, serological, and chemical properties in raw ground beef consumed in İstanbul. For this purpose, a total of 127 samples of ground beef were obtained from different regions in İstanbul. The mean total aerobic bacteria, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus counts were 1.3 × 10^6, 2.8 × 10^3, and 3.1 × 10^3 cfu/g, respectively. Salmonella spp. were found positive in 4 (3.14%) of the ground beef samples. None of the analyzed samples was found to contain horsemeat or pork, but 4 of them contained poultry, and 8 of them contained mutton. …

Isolation And Characterization Of Vibrio ( Listonella) Anguillarum From Catfish, Mehrnaz Rad, Davar Shahsavani

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Vibrio anguillarum was isolated from several organs of some aquarium catfish in a fish population with high mortality. Macroscopic examination of the affected catfish revealed ascites in the abdomen, site-petechiae, and dorsal erection. Although there are some variations in phenotypic characterization among different isolates of Vibrio anguillarum, the majority show a common biochemical profile with distinct microscopic appearance that can provide presumptive identification of Vibrio anguillarum. Biochemical tests were used for identification of Vibrio anguillarum in aquarium catfish in this report.

Factors Affecting Wool Characteristics Of Kari Sheep In Pakistan, Sohail Ahmad, Muhammad Sajjad Khan, M. Fatah Ullah Khan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study attempted to generate some basic information on wool production and quality in the Kari breed. Thirty flocks, 10 each in the 3 Union Councils (UCs), were registered for on-farm performance recording in the Lotkho Tehsil, north of Chitral city. Two animals per flock were selected for collecting fleece samples from 3 yearly shearings. The actual greasy wool yield per sheep was 937 g. Wool yield per shearing averaged 366 ± 9.6 g. Location and flock differences were found significant (P < 0.01). The same was also true for the clean fleece yield with an overall average of 300 ± 8.2 g per shearing. The fibre diameter averaged 23 ± 0.2 µm, and flock differences were significant (P < 0.01). The staple length varied among flocks (P < 0.01), locations, and shearing season (P < 0.05). Male Kari had more medulated fibres than female Kari (6.9 ± 0.37% vs. 5.5 ± 0.37%). The greasy and clean fleece yields were quite repeatable traits (repeatability > 0.5). The repeatability estimates of fibre diameter and staple length were 0.38 and 0.20, respectively. Sheep of …

Polymorphism Of The Cyp19 Gene And Milk Production Traits Of Dairy Cattle, Inga Kowalewska Luczak

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to estimate the relations between CYP19/Cfr13I and CYP19/PvuII genotypes and milk production traits. The study was carried on 915 Black-and-White cows kept in the Western Pomerania region of Poland. The CYP19/Cfr13I and CYP19/PvuII polymorphisms were detected using the PCR-RFLP method. Statistically significant (P Keywords:

A Survey Of Aflatoxin M1 Levels In Kahramanmaraş Cheese, Özlem Turgay, Di̇dem Hi̇lkat Aksakal, Seli̇m Sünnetçi̇, Ali̇ Bahadir Çeli̇k

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) levels were measured in 46 Kahramanmaraş semi-hard cheese samples (22 from bovine milk, 18 from goat milk, and 6 from ovine milk) using high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). None of the ovine milk cheese samples contained AFM1. AFM1 was present in 32 samples (69.6%) of bovine and goat cheese. Bovine milk cheese and goat milk cheese samples contained 0.069-1.2 ng g-1 and 0.06-0.22 ng g-1 of AFM1, respectively. With the exception of 2 bovine milk cheese samples (one contained 1.2 ng g-1 of AFM1, the other contained 0.25 ng g-1 of AFM1), the other samples (96%) had levels …

Dominant Aerobic Bacterial Community Of Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus Labrax L.1758) Larvae During Weaning From Artemia To Dry Feed In Culture Conditions, Ayberk Ayaz, Süheyla Karataş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the dominant aerobic bacterial community of sea bass larvae during their weaning period in 2 different marine hatcheries in Muğla-Bodrum region. Samplings were made in January, March, and May 2005. Larvae and water samples were diluted in certain ratios and were inoculated to Marine Agar, TCBS Agar, Pseudomonas Agar, King Bee Agar, MRS agar, Blood Agar and Plate Count Agar, in that order. Water temperature, pH, saturation, salinity, and features of the system used were recorded. Isolated bacterial strains were identified with standard biochemical methods and API 20E Rapid Identification Kits. In …

The Effect Of Hcg Given On Day 12 Post-Mating On Ovarian Function And Embryo Survival In Beetal Goats In Southern Punjab, Pakistan, Mushtaq H. Lashari, Zahida Tasawar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study was conducted to determine the effects of human chorionic gonadotrophin on ovarian function and embryo development of Beetal goats reared under traditional conditions at the Sheep and Goat Research Station, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan. Fourteen Beetal goats at 4 years of age, weighing 40 ± 0.41 kg (mean ± SEM) were used. Their daily food was hay, green fodder, tree loppings, and 250 g of additional rations per goat. These goats were mated to buck at synchronized estrus by 2 i/m injections of dalmazin, given at 11-day intervals. These animals were divided into 2 equal groups (7/group) …

The Prevalence Of Loser Cows In Extensive Breeding Systems In Transylvania, Silvana Popescu, Cristin Borda, Dana C. Sandru, Cristina I. Hegedus

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The loser cow concept was introduced in scientific literature in 2005, by the Danish researcher Thomsen, referring to the cow 'unable to keep up with the rest of the herd'. Since in Transylvania (Romania) the great majority of cattle are kept in extensive breeding systems, in small and middle sized farms, the purpose of the present study was to establish the prevalence of loser cows in such systems. The identification of loser cows was done based on a clinical protocol including 7 clinical signs, from which the loser cow score was calculated. Seven hundred and sixty nine cows in 123 …

Ochratoxin A-Induced Serum Biochemical Alterations In New Zealand White Rabbits (Oryctolagus Cuniculus), Masood Saleem Mir, Prabakar Dwivedi

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Our objective was to study the effects of oral ochratoxin A (OT-A) intoxication in rabbits. New Zealand white rabbits of 8 weeks age, weighing 350-400 g, were utilized for the study. Rabbits were allotted randomly to 3 groups. Group 1 (6 animals) served as control. Groups 2 and 3 (12 animals each) were fed diets supplemented with 1000 and 2000 ppb OT-A, respectively, for 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected at weekly intervals from day 0 up to week 8 and sera were separated for biochemical analysis. Serum glucose and chloride levels showed marked progressive decrease whereas a marginal decrease …

Potential Future Applications Of Spermatheca Extract From The Marine Snail Telescopium Telescopium, S. Roy, U. Datta, Debaki Ghosh, Partha Sarathi Dasgupta, Prasenjit Mukherjee, Uttio Roychowdhury

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Cytosol fraction of spermatheca and/or the ovotestis gland from the marine snail Telescopium telescopium was found to have antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, antifertility, and immunomodulation properties. The present experiment was conducted to explore the biochemical nature, composition, and pharmacological properties of the cytosol fraction along with its toxicity on the hematopoietic system in vivo. This glandular extract was analyzed and found to contain enzymes, hormones, minerals, vitamins, and other biologically active components like higher vertebrates. The present study showed that the extract was able to restrict the induced tumor (sarcoma-180) growth in mice concomitantly with an increased life span of the tumor …

Effectiveness Of Eprinomectin 0.5% Pour-On Against Gastrointestinal Nematodes In Naturally Infected Cattle, Zahi̇de Bi̇lgi̇n, Kerem Öter, Recep Tinar, Erkut Tüzer

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Effectiveness of eprinomectin, which until now has not been assessed in Turkey, was tested against gastrointestinal nematodes of naturally infected cattle under field conditions in Adapazarı, Sakarya. Out of 25 cattle used in trial, 17 were treated with eprinomectin and 8 were kept as untreated controls. To determine gastrointestinal nematode fauna, a fecal culture was prepared from the mixed fecal samples of 25 trial cattle at 26-27 °C for 3 weeks. Eprinomectin 0.5% pour-on (Eprinomec 0.5% Dökme Çözelti®, TOPKİM) at the recommended dose of 1 mL/10 kg bw (0.5 mg active ingredient/kg bw) was applied along the backline of each …

Several Congenital Abnormalities In A Neonate Of A Mixed Mehraban Sheep, Arash Esfandiari, Asghar Dehghan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A 3-year-old mixed Mehraban sheep, in second parturition, was brought to Kazerun Veterinary School with signs of dystocia. The neonate had 2 separate heads with a common neck (dicephalus). Anal atresia, meningomyelocele, arachnomelia, and spina bifida were found in the neonate. In addition, it had 2 esophagi, but they became united after the esophageal hiatus. The tongue and larynx in each head were normal. It had 2 tracheas and 2 lungs with each trachea entering a separate lung. The lungs had many lobes. The heart had compensatory hypertrophy and had 2 pulmonary trunks. The abdomen and other body systems were …

Detection And Molecular Characterization Of Canine Enteric Viruses In Southern Ireland., Susan Mcelligott

Theses

Enteric viruses, such as canine parvovirus (CPV) and canine coronavirus (CCoV), are a major cause of gastroenteritis in dogs. More serious clinical symptoms occur in young pups, or when both of these viruses infect an animal simultaneously. Caliciviruses and rotaviruses can also cause gastroenteritis in dogs, but these viruses, while causing significant problems in other animal species and humans, are considered to be less significant pathogens of canines. However, on occasion, these viruses have been reported to produce severe clinical symptoms such as vomiting, haemorrhagic enteritis and severe dehydration.

Many viral vaccines for canines are formulated using old vaccine viral …

Promiscuous Mating In Feral Pigs (Sus Scrofa) From Texas, Usa, Johanna Delgado-Acevedo, Angeline Zamorano, Randy W. Deyoung, Tyler A. Campbell, David G. Hewitt, David B. Long

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Context. Feral pigs represent a significant threat to agriculture and ecosystems and are disease reservoirs for pathogens affecting humans, livestock and other wildlife. Information on the behavioural ecology of feral pigs might increase the efficiency and effectiveness of management strategies.

Aims. We assessed the frequency of promiscuous mating in relation to oestrous synchrony in feral pigs from southern Texas, USA, an agroecosystem with a widespread and well established population of feral pigs. An association between multiple paternity of single litters and synchrony of oestrous may indicate alternative mating strategies, such as mateguarding.

Methods. We collected gravid sows at …

Induction Of Interferon And Interferon Signaling Pathways By Replication Of Defective Interfering Particle Rna In Cells Constitutively Expressing Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Replication Proteins, Debasis Panda, Phat X. Dinh, Lalit Beura, Asit K. Pattnaik

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

We show here that replication of defective interfering (DI) particle RNA in HEK293 cells stably expressing vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) replication proteins potently activates interferon (IFN) and IFN signaling pathways through upregulation of IFN- promoter, IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE) promoter, and NF-κB promoter activities. Replication of DI particle RNA, not mere expression of the viral replication proteins, was found to be critical for induction of IFN and IFN signaling. The stable cells supporting replication of DI RNA described in this report will be useful in further examining the innate immune signaling pathways and the host cell functions in viral genome …

Towards An Understanding Of The Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Latency-Reactivation Cycle, Guey-Chuen Perng, Clinton Jones

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Infection by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) can cause clinical symptoms in the peripheral and central nervous system. Recurrent ocular shedding can lead to corneal scarring and vision loss making HSV-1 a leading cause of corneal blindness due to an infectious agent. The primary site of HSV-1 latency is sensory neurons within trigeminal ganglia. Periodically, reactivation from latency occurs resulting in virus transmission and recurrent disease. During latency, the latency-associated transcript (LAT) is abundantly expressed. LAT expression is important for the latency-reactivation cycle in animal models, in part, because it inhibits apoptosis, viral gene expression, and productive infection. A …