Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Commons^™

Doac Ambulatory Risk Assessment, Katie Hufft, Cherry Luz P. Tortor

Providence Pharmacy PGY1 Program at Providence Portland and Providence St. Vincent Medical Centers 2023

No abstract provided.

Standardize To Optimize: A Contemplation Of Pyxis, Inventory, And Workflow, Anthony Le, Scott King

Providence Pharmacy PGY1 Program at Providence Portland and Providence St. Vincent Medical Centers 2023

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of A Refill-Associated Clinical Service In A Health System Specialty Pharmacy, Jinha Park, Stephanie Wang, Adam Saulles

Providence Pharmacy PGY1 Program at Providence Portland and Providence St. Vincent Medical Centers 2023

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Standard Dose Ibuprofen In Combination With Acetaminophen For Patent Ductus Arteriosus (Pda) Treatment In Preterm Neonates, Jennifer Lee, Samantha Tatz, Douglas Hanes

Providence Pharmacy PGY1 Program at Providence Portland and Providence St. Vincent Medical Centers 2023

No abstract provided.

A Quasi-Experimental Study Of Trough-Guided Versus Area Under The Curve-Guided Vancomycin Monitoring In Patients With Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia Using Desirability Of Outcome Ranking (Door), Justin Donat, Brent Footer, Gregory B. Tallman

Providence Pharmacy PGY1 Program at Providence Portland and Providence St. Vincent Medical Centers 2023

No abstract provided.

Status Of Drugs Generally Used For Self-Medication In Children, Rizqi Dinni Fauzia

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Given the high prevalence of self-medication among children, drug regulatory agencies should ensure the accessibility of non-prescription drugs for children's safety, as many commonly used drugs are not entirely non-prescription. This study explores the drug classification status of commonly used self-medication drugs for children across 10 countries: the US, the UK, Canada, Japan, Australia, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, and the Philippines. Information was sourced from official drug regulatory agency websites and drug index databases. The review focused on 23 commonly used drugs, examining their classification, dosage forms, strength, and age suitability. Content and comparative analyses revealed that most drugs for …

การศึกษาพฤกษเคมีและการยับยั้งเอนไซม์ไทโรซิเนสของสารสกัดใบหม่อน,ใบปอสาและชะเอมเทศ, กรภัทร ดุริยพันธุ์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ผิวกระจ่างใสนั้นเป็นหนึ่งในเป้าหมายหลักของผู้หญิงในอุตสาหกรรมเครื่องสำอางในระดับโลก โดยมีผู้บริโภคจำนวนมากที่เริ่มหันมานิยมใช้ผลิตภัณฑ์จากสารสกัดธรรมชาติมากขึ้น โดยมีรายงานว่ามีพืชบางชนิดเช่น ชะเอมเทศและกลุ่มของเบอร์รี่มีประสิทธิภาพทำให้ผิวขาวขึ้น จุดมุ่งหมายของการศึกษานี้เพื่อศึกษาประสิทธิภาพของสารสกัดจากหม่อน สารสกัดจากต้นปอสาและสารสกัดจากชะเอมเทศ ที่มีการเพาะปลูกในประเทศไทยเพื่อนำไปใช้เป็นสารให้ความขาวในเครื่องสำอาง โดยในการศึกษาครั้งนี้เลือกสารสกัดทั้ง 3 ชนิดที่สามารถเพาะปลูกได้ในจังหวัดเชียงใหม่ ประเทศไทยและยังเป็นพืชในอุตสาหกรรมต่างๆแล้วได้นำมาสกัดด้วยการหมักเอทานอล ซึ่งในงานวิจัยนี้ได้ทำการศึกษาองค์ประกอบของพฤกษเคมีรวม ปริมาณฟีนอลิกทั้งหมด ปริมาณแทนนินทั้งหมด และปริมาณฟลาโวนอยด์ทั้งหมด รวมไปถึงฤทธิ์การต้านเอนไซม์ไทโรซิเนสในหลอดทดลองของสารสกัดเดี่ยวและสารสกัดผสม จากผลการศึกษาพบว่าปริมาณฟีนอลิกรวมและปริมาณแทนนินรวมสูงสุดพบได้ในสารสกัดหม่อนความเข้มข้น 5% โดยมีค่าเท่ากับ 0.590 mg GAE/g และ 0.606 mg TAE/g ตามลำดับ และปริมาณฟลาโวนอยด์รวมสูงสุดพบได้ในสารสกัดต้นปอสาความเข้มข้น 5% โดยมีค่าเท่ากับ 0.682 mg QE/g ในบรรดาพืชทั้ง 3 ชนิดพบว่าสารสกัดจากชะเอมเทศที่ความเข้มข้น 5% มีฤทธิ์ยับยั้งเอนไซม์ไทโรซิเนสสูงที่สุดทั้งสารเดี่ยวและสารผสม ตามด้วยใบปอสา และใบหม่อนซึ่งมีเปอร์เซ็นต์ยับยั้งเอนไซม์ไทโรซิเนสเท่ากับ 88.84, 87.05 และ 24.41 % ตามลำดับและจากการทดสอบกับสารผสมพบว่าเมื่อนำมาผสมกันในอัตราส่วน 5:0,4:1,3:2,2:3,1:4 และ0:5 พบว่าไม่มีสารใดที่มีประสิทธิภาพเหนือกรดโคจิก(96.83%) และยังพบว่าที่สารเดี่ยวความเข้มข้น 5% มีประสิทธิภาพใกล้เคียงกับกรดโคจิกยกเว้นสารสกัดใบหม่อน จากการทดลองมีแนวโน้มเป็นไปได้ว่ามีการออกฤทธิ์แบบต้านกันอาจเกิดมาจากความคงตัวของสารที่มาจากธรรมชาติส่งผลให้การทดลองอาจจะมีการคลาดเคลื่อน อย่างไรก็ตามงานวิจัยนี้แสดงให้เห็นว่าสารสกัดเหล่านี้มีความสามารถยับยั้งเอนไซม์ไทโรซิเนส

Cymensifin A Induces Apoptosis In Human Lung Cancer Cells Through Reactive Oxygen Species Stimulation, Bruno Cesar Costa Soares

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Cymensifin A, a compound isolated from the orchid Cymbidium ensifolium, has shown promise as a novel chemotherapeutic agent in treating lung cancer. This study investigated its anticancer activity against human lung cancer cells, focusing on its ability to target p53-related pathways. The dose-dependent induction of apoptosis, as assessed by nuclear staining and Annexin V/PI flow cytometry, was shown in human lung cancer cells cultured with 5–50 μM cymensifin A for 24 h. Within H460 cells, the upregulation of p53 induced by cymensifin A corresponded with a significant alteration of p53-related apoptosis proteins, including the overexpression of BAX and downregulation of …

Unveiling Similarities And Differences Between Cutaneous And Ocular Melanomas, Abdallah Badou, Nour El Imane Issam Salah, Mohamed Elbelhadji

Health Sciences

Melanomas are outstandingly aggressive cancers, still their incidence is increasing. They can occur in the skin as cutaneous melanoma or in the eye as ocular melanoma. Their pathogenesis is generally similar; however, the prognosis of ocular melanoma patients is still poor, due to its special genetic profile and tumor microenvironment. Here we review the similarities and differences between cutaneous and ocular melanoma, with a focus on their prognostic significance, their molecular signature, and their tumor microenvironment, in order to understand the strategies adopted to escape immune response. Gathering and understanding available knowledge of melanomas and their specificities may help to …

Social Determinants Of Health In People Living With Psychiatric Disorders: The Role Of Pharmacists., Carla D Cobb, Shari N. Allen, Joseph M Cusimano, Michelle Ding, Amanda S Eloma, Carol A Ott, Kimberly B Tallian

PCOM Scholarly Works

INTRODUCTION: Social determinants of health (SDOH) affect outcomes of people living with psychiatric disorders, including substance use disorders. As experts in medication optimization, pharmacists play a vital role in identifying and addressing medication-related problems associated with SDOH. However, there is a paucity of literature on how pharmacists can be part of the solution.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to provide a narrative review and commentary on the intersection between SDOH, medication-related outcomes in people living with psychiatric disorders, and the role of pharmacists in addressing them.

METHOD: The American Association of Psychiatric Pharmacists appointed an expert panel to …

Self-Medication In Children Population: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Aye Chan Nyein Thinn

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Self-medication is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the use of medicines to treat self-recognized symptoms or ailments without consulting a physician. Self-medication practice was found among children either self-practice or with caregiver assistance. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and patterns of self-medication practice in children. This study utilized systematic review and meta-analysis by searching papers published during 2013 to 2022 in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Embase. The two sets of keywords “children” and “self-medication” or “non-prescription” were used. It was found that 4,333 articles were retrieved. After inclusion-exclusion screening, 83 articles were included in the …

Modulation Of Tlr4/Nf- Modulation Of Tlr4/Nf-Κb, Nrf2/Ho-1 And Pi3k/Akt Signaling By Cilostazol Mitigates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Septic Acute Kidney Injury, Ahmed F. Mohamed, Helmy M. Sayed, Hala F. Zaki, Marwa Safar

Pharmacy

Aim: Cilostazol was investigated as a protective agent against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-associated acute kidney damage in mice. Methods: Cilostazol (50 mg/kg/day; p.o.) administered for 7 consecutive days before a single LPS dose (2 mg/kg; i.p.). Results: Cilostazol hampered serum creatinine, cystatin C, and renal kidney injury molecule-1 and neutrophil gelatinaseassociated lipocalin; repressed toll-like receptor 4 and MyD88 transcription, as well as nuclear factor-kappa B p65, interleukin-1b, and malondialdehyde content; and boosted Nrf2 mRNA expression, hemeoxygenase-1 activity, and reduced glutathione content. This was synchronous with an upregulation of p-phosphoinositide 3-kinase and p-Akt expressions. Conclusion: Collectively, cilostazol prevented LPS renal injury, which might …

A Mor Antagonist With High Potency And Antagonist Efficacy Among Diastereomeric C9-Alkyl-Substituted N-Phenethyl-5-(3-Hydroxy)Phenylmorphans, Dana R. Chambers, Agnieszka Sulima, Dan Luo, Thomas E. Prisinzano, Arthur E. Jacobson, Kenner C. Rice

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

The 5-(3-hydroxy)phenylmorphan structural class of compounds are unlike the classical morphinans, 4,5-epoxymorphinans, and 6,7-benzomorphans, in that they have an equatorially oriented aromatic ring rather than the axial orientation of that ring found in the classical opioids. This modified and simplified opioid-like structure has been shown to retain antinociceptive activity, depending on its stereochemistry and substituents, and some of them have been found to be much more potent than morphine. A simple C9-hydroxy-5-(3-hydroxy)phenylmorphan enantiomer was found to be about 500 times more potent than morphine in vivo. We have previously examined C9-alkenyl and hydroxyalkyl substituents in the N-phenethyl-5-(3-hydroxy)phenylmorphan class of compounds. …

Potent Mor Agonists From 2′-Hydroxy-5,9-Dimethyl-N-Phenethyl Substituted-6,7-Benzomorphans And From C8-Hydroxy, Methylene And Methyl Derivatives Of N-Phenethylnormetazocine, Madhurima Das, George W. Ward, Agnieszka Sulima, Dan Luo, Thomas E. Prisinzano, Gregory H. Imler, Andrew T. Kerr, Arthur E. Jacobson, Kenner C. Rice

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

(−)-5,9-Dimethyl-6,7-benzomorphan (normetazocine) derivatives with a para-OH or ortho-F substituent in the aromatic ring of the N-phenethyl moiety were synthesized and found to have subnanomolar potency at MOR, and both were fully efficacious in vitro. These new compounds, (1R,5R,9R)-6,11-dimethyl-3-(2-fluorophenethyl)-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-2,6-methanobenzo[d]azocin-8-ol and (1R,5R,9R)-6,11-dimethyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenethyl)-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-2,6-methanobenzo[d] azocin-8-ol, were more potent than the unsubstituted compound N-phenethylnormetazocine and about 30 or 40 times more potent than morphine, respectively. A variety of substituents in the ortho, meta, or para position in the aromatic ring of the N-phenethyl moiety were synthesized, 25 of these compounds, and found to have varying effects on potency and efficacy as determined by the forskolin-induced …

The Prevalence Of Opioid Use Disorder In Kentucky’S Counties: A Two-Year Multi-Sample Capture-Recapture Analysis, Katherine L. Thompson, Joshua A. Barocas, Chris Delcher, Jungjun Bae, Lindsey R. Hammerslag, Jianing Wang, Redonna Chandler, Jennifer Villani, Sharon L. Walsh, Jeffery Talbert

Pharmacy Practice and Science Faculty Publications

Background: Kentucky has one of the highest opioid overdose mortality rates in the United States. Accurate estimates of people with opioid use disorder (OUD) are critical to plan for the scope of interventions required to reduce overdose and opioid misuse. Commonly used household surveys are known to underestimate OUD at the state-level and do not provide county-level estimates.

Methods: We performed a multi-sample capture-recapture analysis to estimate OUD prevalence in Kentucky in 2018 and 2019. We utilized four statewide datasets that were linked at the individual level: 1) Registry of Vital Statistics, 2) Emergency Medical Services (EMS), 3) Kentucky’s Prescription …

Delayed Hypotension And Bradycardia In Guanfacine Er Overdose, Quang-Trung Dang, Alexandra Mathis, Barbara Gracious, Alexander Bui

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2023

No abstract provided.

Comparing American Retail Pharmacies To Italian And Greek Retail Pharmacies, Shea C. Dolan

Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts

No abstract provided.

Anti-Inflammatory And Analgesic Effects Of Highly Selective Microsomal Prostaglandin E2 Synthase-1 (Mpges-1) Inhibitors, Madeline Stewart

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Lipid messenger prostaglandin E2 (PGE₂) is a prostanoid that plays a key role in the generation of the inflammatory response. Currently available non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and/or COX-2, all with significant cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and gastrointestinal risks that have limited their utilization. Microsomal PGE₂ synthase 1 (mPGES-1), an inducible enzyme responsible for overproduction of PGE₂, may be a more promising target for a new type of anti-inflammatory drug without the adverse effects associated with the COX-1/2 inhibition. There have been extensive efforts to design and discover inhibitors targeting mPGES-1. Unfortunately, within the previously …

Hptlc – Bioautographic Detection Of Pancreatin-Inhibitory Activity And Cell-Based Detection Of Glucose Absorption Activity Of Mathurameha Formulation, Jiranuch Mingmuang

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Mathurameha (MT) is a Thai traditional herbal formulation consisting of 26 herbs used for diabetes over 30 years. The study was to identify inhibitory compounds in Mathurameha against pancreatin amylase using the HPTLC-bioautographic technique. The results showed that MT inhibited pancreatin amylase activities, and the most active compounds were identified as andrographolide and gallic acid. The hypoglycemic effect of MT was determined using cell-based assays in L6 myotubes, 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and Caco2 cells. The study revealed that MT water extract (MTW, 125-1000 µg/mL), gallic acid (12.5-50 µM), and andrographolide (12.5-50 µM) significantly promoted glucose uptake in L6 myotubes and inhibited …

The Optimization And Expression Of Human Serum Albumin In Nicotiana Benthamiana, Ittichai Sujarittham

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Human serum albumin (HSA), primarily derived from human plasma, is limited by supply constraints and safety concerns due to potential contamination with blood-borne pathogens. Given the global shortage, hundreds of tons of HSA are required for clinical and cell culture applications. To address this, our study explored the production of recombinant HSA using Nicotiana benthamiana as an alternative production platform. The transient expression of recombinant HSA in plants was optimized by adjusting the harvesting days, plants aged and the OD600 of Agrobacterium. These several parameters can impact recombinant protein expression levels in plants. An Ni-NTA affinity chromatography method was used …

The Impact Of The Nonsignaling Domain On The Effect Of Tim3 Car T Cell In Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Kristine Cate Singayan Pe

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Translation of CAR T cell therapy for AML has been challenging due to the lack of target specificity. One promising target is TIM3, which is overexpressed on AML cells and absent in majority of healthy hematopoietic cells. Previous reports have shown that each of CAR’s structural designs impacts CAR functionality. Here, we evaluated the influence of non-signaling domains on a preclinical TIM3-targeting CAR construct. To investigate the impact of the spacer and transmembrane non-signaling domain, we designed anti-TIM3 CARs containing either IgG2-CH3 spacer and CD28 transmembrane (TM) domain or CD8α spacer-TM, linked to intracellular 4-1BB and CD3ζ signaling domain. Anti-TIM3 …

The Nih-Moderna Vaccine: Public Science, Private Profit, And Lessons For The Future, Christopher J. Morten

Faculty Scholarship

This commentary highlights the scientific history of the NIH-Moderna COVID-19 vaccine and corroborates Sarpatwari’s theme of private capture of value created by the public. The commentary also identifies missteps by the Trump and Biden Administrations and offers policy recommendations: better contracts with and incentives for pharmaceutical manufacturers and a not-for-profit “public option” for pharmaceutical development.

Porifera: Biology And Medicinal Properties, Emma L. Rayfield

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The focus of this thesis is the possibility of oceanic medicine through understanding the general biology of poriferans, their symbionts, medicinal properties, and how we could harvest sponges conservatively. It was necessary to understand the basic biology of poriferans regarding their structures, differences in their classes, and how they obtain nutrition, develop, and reproduce. The ecology of the poriferans was also researched including their larval and sessile stages and how their environment determines where they settle. Additionally, ecology was examined including how poriferans interact with symbionts and other organisms. This then was utilized to seek whether poriferans had useful medical …

Investigating The Use Of Mpges-1 Inhibitors For The Treatment Of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms, Lauren M. Weaver

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

The cardiovascular field is still searching for a treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). This inflammatory disease is a deadly, permanent ballooning of the aortic artery. It often goes undiagnosed until a late stage where associated rupture has a high mortality rate. Surgery is the only option available to patients, but it is risky. There are currently no FDA-approved pharmacological treatments for AAA available. Historically, drugs that have been examined in interventional clinical trials for treatment of AAA were repurposed therapeutics. Novel treatments have been unable to reach the clinic, stalling out in pre-clinical studies. Exceedingly few murine studies have …

Effectiveness Of A Long-Acting Cocaine Hydrolase In Metabolizing Cocaine And Its Physiologically Active Metabolites, Linyue Shang

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Cocaine is a widely abused, hepatotoxic drug without an FDA-approved pharmacotherapy specific for cocaine addiction or overdose. Cocaine-induced toxicity in animals and humans is due to its multiple physiological effects on the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, etc. The toxicity of cocaine is highly complex, as its metabolites also contribute to the toxicity. Notably, the combination of cocaine and alcohol is common among drug users and can produce additional metabolites. Some of the metabolites are more toxic than cocaine itself. Hence, to develop an ideal therapeutic candidate, the candidate should not only account for cocaine but should also detoxify other …

Self-Assembled Ternary Polypeptide Nanoparticles With Improved Biostability For Drug Delivery In Cancer Therapy, Preye Mike Agbana

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Cancer remains a real and present threat to global health. In the United States, according to cancer statistics, almost 40% of people will be diagnosed with cancer at some point in their lifetime. Conventional chemotherapy has become the mainstay for cancer treatment option. However, chemotherapeutic agents are plagued with problems such as poor aqueous solubility, chemical degradation, Bio instability, and off-site toxicity due to non-specificity. New drug modalities are needed to tackle the ever-growing burden on cancer. In recent times, the promise of nanotechnology has aided to develop drug delivery vehicles to facilitate the administration of potent chemotherapeutics. Nanoformulations such …

Striving For Appropriate Antibiotic Use: A Biomarker Initiative, And Outcomes Associated With Azithromycin Exposure, Amanda Gusovsky

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

The introduction of antibiotics into clinical practice is considered the greatest medical breakthrough of the 20^thcentury. However, the use of antibiotics can contribute to the development of resistance. In the United States (U.S.), approximately 2.8 million people are infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria each year, and more than 35,000 people die as a result. Moreover, some antibiotics are known to cause cardiac side effects including QT prolongation, hypotension, and ventricular arrythmias. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines appropriate antibiotic use as the effort to use “the right antibiotic, at the right dose, for the right …

Optimization Of Orally Bioavailable Inhibitors Of Defective In Cullin Neddylation 1 (Dcn-1), Leah Kovalic

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Ubiquitin (UB) and ubiquitin-like protein (UBL) pathways have emerged as important targets for oncology drug discovery based on the success of proteasome inhibitors (bortezomib or carfilzomib), E3 inhibitors, and the NEDD8 E1 inhibitor pevonedistat (MLN42924). Chemical inhibitors have also proven to be useful probes for identifying and dissecting multifactor UB and UBL regulatory networks. Toward this end, we have pursued approaches to target NEDD8 ligation to Cullins, through developing small molecule inhibitors of DCN1 (defective in Cullin Neddylation 1). DCN1 was discovered as a potentiating RBX1-dependent NEDD8-ligation, through recognizing the acetylated N-terminal methionine of the NEDD8 E2s UBE2M and UBE2F. …

Genetic And Pharmacogenetics Associations Of Cancer Disparities In Appalachia, Nan Lin

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Individuals residing in Appalachian regions have significant health disparities, including higher cancer incidence and mortality rates. Previous studies have addressed the impact of socioeconomic status and environmental risk factors on Appalachia cancer disparities, while few studies have evaluated genetic risk factors.

Germline whole exome sequencing samples from 7,078 individuals with cancer (759 Appalachians) were evaluated. Demographics and relatedness were assessed using KING. Ethnicity was verified by principal component analysis using TRACE, which included 6,034 individuals (85%) of European genetic ancestry. After QC filtering, 5,980 individuals were analyzed. To assess the overall predisposition of hereditary disease, gene level frequency of likely …

Bioinformatic Analysis Of Proteomic And Genomic Data From Nsclc Tumors On Prognostic And Predictive Factors Of Immunotherapy Treatment, Mark Wuenschel

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

Recent lung cancer research has led to advancements in molecular immunology, resulting in development of small molecule inhibitors, or immune checkpoint inhibitors, that propagate an anti-tumor T cell response. Despite increased overall and progression-free survival with reduced adverse effects compared to traditional chemotherapy, treating advanced stage lung adenocarcinoma patients remains non-curative, and evidence of non-responders or tumor recurrence to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy is growing. Also, compared to traditional chemotherapy, there is a lower percentage of patients who respond to small molecule inhibitors. In this analysis of proteomic and genomic data from The Cancer Proteome Atlas and Global Data Commons …