Psychiatric and Mental Health Commons^™

Depression In The Elderly: Does Family System Play A Role? A Cross-Sectional Study, Ather M. Taqui, Ahmed Itrat, Waris Qidwai, Zeeshan Qadri

Department of Family Medicine

Background

The most common geriatric psychiatric disorder is depression. The role of family systems in depression among the elderly has not been studied extensively. It has been suggested that urbanization promotes nucleation of family systems and a decrease in care and support for the elderly. We conducted this study in Karachi, a large urban city of Pakistan, to determine the relationship between the type of family system and depression. We also determined the prevalence of depression in the elderly, as well as correlation of depression with other important socio-demographic variables.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was carried out in the premises …

Understanding Mental Health From A Candomblé Perspective, Kerilyn Daniel

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Candomblé is an Afro-Brazilian religion that has a strong presence in Brazil as a religious institution as well as a health center. Many turn to the houses of Candomblé (terreiros) for healing from not only physical ailments but mental illnesses as well. Candomblé has been very effective in healing mental illnesses even when Western medicine has proved ineffective. I have sought to understand how Candomblé perceives mental health and the treatment of mental illness. I have examined how they diagnose mental illnesses, how they understand the nature of the illness, and their healing methods. I have also explored more general …

Assessment In Crisis, Amresh Srivastava

Psychiatry Presentations

No abstract provided.

Massworks: Quality Employment Services: Where Research And Practice Meet, Rick Kugler, Cindy Thomas

MassWorks Series, Institute for Community Inclusion

Providing quality employment services to people with disabilities requires a substantial commitment of time, energy, and resources. Given this investment and our obligation to individuals with disabilities, we as providers must deliver the most effective services possible.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder And Associated Risk Factors In Canadian Peacekeeping Veterans With Health-Related Disabilities, Don Richardson, James A. Naifeh, Jon D Elhai

MacDonald Franklin OSI Research Centre

Objectives:

This study investigates posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its associated risk factors in a random, national, Canadian sample of United Nations peacekeeping veterans with service-related disabilities.

Methods:

Participants included 1016 male veterans (age < 65 years) who served in the Canadian Forces from 1990 to 1999 and were selected from a larger random sample of 1968 veterans who voluntarily and anonymously completed a general health survey conducted by Veterans Affairs Canada in 1999. Survey instruments included the PTSD Checklist-Military Version (PCL-M), Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), and questionnaires regarding life events during the past year, current stressors, sociodemographic characteristics, and military history.

Results:

We found that rates of probable PTSD (PCL-M score > 50) among veterans were 10.92% for veterans deployed once and 14.84% for those deployed more than once. The rates of probable clinical depression (CES-D score > 16) were 30.35% for veterans deployed once and 32.62% for those deployed more than once. We found that, in multivariate analyses, probable PTSD rates and PTSD severity were associated with younger …

Post Traumatic Stress Symptoms And Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (Cisd) In Emergency Medical Services (Ems) Personnel., Ginger Lee Woods

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

EMS personnel were examined for Post Traumatic Stress symptoms and the usefulness of Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD) using the Los Angeles Symptom Checklist (LASC) and a demographics questionnaire. This study revealed that women in this group show higher PTSD symptoms than male coworkers. Level of Training (LOT) of the EMS provider did not demonstrate a significant difference in whether a provider developed PTSD. EMS personnel receiving debriefing actually suffered greater levels of PTSD than those that did not receive debriefing. And 16% of EMS providers in this study suffered from PTSD, while approximately 20% suffered from partial PTSD or …

Characteristics And Outcome Of Patients With Drug Overdose At A Tertiary Care Hospital In Karachi., Muhammad Shahid, Junaid Patel, Haider Naqvi Aga Khan University, Muhammad Shoaib Khan

Department of Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

Choice Theory: An Interview With Dr. William Glasser, Dr. Jill D. Duba, Bill Greenwalt

Counseling & Student Affairs Faculty Publications

This article presents the work of William Glasser. The interview addresses his current emphasis on helping people to improve their own mental health as expalined in the 2003 book Warning: Psychiatry Can Be Hazardous to Your Mental Health.

Behavioral Management Of Command Hallucinations To Harm In Schizophrenia, Robin Buccheri, L Trygstad, G Dowling

Nursing and Health Professions Faculty Research and Publications

The study objective was to evaluate changes in prevalence of command hallucinations to harm self or others, characteristics and intensity of auditory hallucinations, and levels of anxiety and depression after attendance at a 10-session course teaching behavioral strategies for managing persistent auditory hallucinations to adult outpatients with schizophrenia. Prevalence of command hallucinations to harm self or others was measured at baseline, end of course, and 1-year post-course. Pre-course scores on the Characteristics of Auditory Hallucinations Questionnaire, Unpleasant Voices Scale, tension-anxiety subscale of Profile of Mood States, and Beck Depression Inventory-II were compared with scores immediately post-course and 1 year later. …

Cutting Through The Confusion (Review), Kristina M. Kays

Faculty Publications - Psychology Department

Reviews the video, Self-Injury (with) Wendy Lader (2006). Self-injury behavior (SIB) includes, among other behaviors, "intentional carving or cutting of the skin and subdermal tissue, scratching, burning, ripping or pulling skin or hair, swallowing toxic substances, bruising, and breaking bones" (Cornell Research Program, 2006). Over the last two decades self-injury reports have risen noticeably because of increased SIB in adolescents, more clients seeking help, and increased reliability in diagnosis among professionals. The alarming numbers indicate a desperate need to understand how to diagnose and treat SIB clients effectively. In response to this escalating need, guest expert Wendy Lader is featured …

The Substance Of Quality Treatment With Coexisting Problems (Book Review), Kristina M. Kays

Faculty Publications - Psychology Department

Reviews the book, "Clinical handbook of co-existing mental health and drug and alcohol problems" by Amanda Baker and Richard Velleman (see record 2007-01081-000). The text editors, Baker and Velleman, propose to present "practical descriptions of assessments and interventions for coexisting problems, with a view to enhancing motivation, confidence and competence to do so". Not only do the chapters succinctly address expert views on assessment, but they also thoughtfully explain intervention approaches with coexisting issues, specific populations, and further training and supervision needs in the treatment of coexisting disorders. The editors use European spelling and an approach that is a "symptom-focused …

From Gps To Psychologists: The Patients' Perspective On Help-Seeking And Referral, Zdenka Bartova

Theses : Honours

The experience of living with psychological problems has a profound effect on an individual's life. For those actively seeking help, General Practitioners usually present the first point of contact. General Practitioners thus serve as gatekeepers who either decide to manage the individuals themselves and/or refer them to a mental health professional. The referral decision is part of a complex help-seeking process in which patients have to mediate their own understanding of their problems with that of the practitioner, all within the structural constraints of the current health care system. This literature review discusses constructs of mental illness and the impact …

Depression, Rumination And Dependency In Relation To Age And Gender, Alison J. Lee

Theses : Honours

Extensive research has been carried out in the field of depression and its relation to age and gender. This article reviews relevant literature in the field of depression, rumination and dependency and the relationships of these to age and gender. It has been shown in numerous studies that depression, rumination and dependency are related and exist in comorbidity with each other. This article also reviews some of the research that has been conducted on age and gender with relation to rumination and dependency. It has been found in relation to rumination, dependency and depression that women are more susceptible than …

Psychotherapists Working With Homeless Clients: The Experience Of Stress, Burnout Symptoms, And Coping, Sharon D. Young

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

Stress, secondary trauma, and burnout symptoms are significant problems within the field of human services. Homeless clients present many challenges, frequently are highly traumatized, and often require many services. Psychotherapist working with homeless clients experience negative effects of exposure to the stress and trauma of homeless clients, and as a result must develop strategies for coping in order to continue in the work. This study used a mixed method design to investigate psychotherapists' experience working with homeless clients through Healthcare for the Homeless grantee projects, and their strategies for coping with the stress of their work. A survey, which included …

Behavioural Activation Treatment For Depression: A Review Of The Literature ; Effects Of A Brief Behavioural Activation Treatment On Activity Levels And Depression, Debra L. Bailey

Theses : Honours

Behavioural activation (BA) is an emergent psychological treatment for depression rooted in the tradition of behavioural theory. This paper discusses the manner in which BA arose as a result of the seminal Jacobson et al. (1996) study, which dismantled the behavioural and cognitive components of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT; Beck, Rush, Shaw, & Emery, 1979). Published empirical studies examining the effectiveness of BA are reviewed and considerations for future research are offered. It is concluded that BA shows promise as a parsimonious, effective, and potentially cost-efficient psychological treatment for depression. However, more large-scale research is needed: in samples with low …

Forecasting Mental Health Care Cost For Oif And Oef Veterans, Phil Andrew L. Bernal

Theses and Dissertations

The war in Iraq has been the longest sustained ground combat that the US military has engaged since the Vietnam War. With the ongoing battle against the global war on terrorism, many military personnel will be deployed to hostile areas in support of these operations. The effects of multiple deployment and combat engagement on the mental health of military personnel have been extensively studied. The impacts of mental illnesses, such as PTSD, are tied to longer period in the combat zone. Meeting the psychiatric needs of these veterans will be costly: rehabilitation, retraining, post combat counseling, long-term medical treatment, and …

Reasons For Living And Suicidal Ideation Among College Students With Varying Levels Of Risk For Alcohol Related Problems., Dorian A. Lamis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Every year in the United States approximately 30,000 people commit suicide including approximately 1,100 college students. Furthermore, heavy alcohol consumption is prevalent on many college campuses and has been linked to suicidal behavior. The present study was conducted to examine suicidal ideation and reasons for living in college students with varying levels of risk for alcohol related problems. Undergraduate students (n = 161) were administered a survey to assess demographics, suicide ideation status, reasons for living, and the participant's level of risk for alcohol related problems. Results indicated that suicide ideators are significantly more likely than non-ideators to be at …

Recruitment And Retention Of African Americans With Severe Mental Illness In Community Research, Michelle Hampton, Mary White, Linda Chafetz

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

An Evaluation Of Client Satisfaction With The Services Provided By A Community-Based Mental Health Agency, Sheri-Lyn Kaye Fahlgren Romero, Sarah Elisabeth Hayes

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this study was to explore parent satisfaction with the services provided to their child by West End Family Counseling Services located in San Bernardino, California. It is hoped that the information obtained will enhance the quality of mental health offered for children and make others aware of the importance of intervention and prevention early in a child's life.

Quality Of Life Measurement In Persons With Schizophrenia: Are We Measuring What’S Important?, Marion Becker, Ronald J. Diamond

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Finishing Therapy Well (Book Review), Kristina M. Kays

Faculty Publications - Psychology Department

Reviews the book, "Good Goodbyes: Knowing How to End in Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis" by Jack Novick and Kerry Kelly Novick (see record 2006-05376-000). Deciding when to end clinical therapy and how to end it well can be a mystifying process. In "Good Goodbyes: Knowing How to End in Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis", Jack Novick and Kerry Kelly Novick share insights from their vast combined experience to diminish the mystery of therapeutic closure. The book, which is firmly based in psychoanalytic theory, uses a question format to explore the many hows, whys, whats, and whens of termination. The authors outline treatment stages …

The Stress Management Self-Efficacy Inventory (Smsei): Development And Initial Psychometrics, Kristin Higgins

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The primary purpose of the current study was to develop, pilot, and establish the initial psychometrics of the Stress Management Self-Efficacy Inventory (SMSEI). Once developed and positive psychometrics established, middle school counselors and other mental health professionals can use the SMSEI to identify children who lack self-efficacy in the area of stress management. Once adolescents are identified as having low stress management self-efficacy, this measure can also aid professionals in creating programs and interventions. The SMSEI measures how well adolescents believe they can manage their stress as well as measures specific areas or management techniques that a child believes they …

Unlv Magazine, Erin O'Donnell, Gian Galassi, Deana Martin, Patti Shock, John Stefanelli, John Bowen, Paul J. Traudt, Jeffrey J. Matthews, Gillian Silver, Regina Barcolas, Jennifer Robison, Doug Mcinnis, Cate Weeks

UNLV Magazine

No abstract provided.

Curioser And Curioser: Involuntary Medications And Incompetent Criminal Defendents After Sell V. United States, Dora W. Klein

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

No abstract provided.

Body Image And Depression, Alicia Sue Boggio

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this study was to examine the link between body image and depression in young women. This study intended to examine a correlation between body image dissatisfaction and depressed mood.

The Relationships Between Depression And Other Outcomes Of Chronic Illness Caregiving, Pao-Feng Tsai, Mary M. Jirovec

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Many caregivers with chronically ill relatives suffer from depression. However, the relationship of depression to other outcomes of chronic caregiving remains unclear. This study tested a hypothesized model which proposed that hours of care, stressful life events, social support, age and gender would predict caregivers' outcomes through perceived caregiver stress. Depression was expected to mediate the relationship between perceived stress and outcomes of chronic caregiving (physical function, self-esteem, and marital satisfaction).

Methods

The sample for this secondary data analysis consisted of 236 and 271 subjects from the Americans' Changing Lives, Wave 1, 1986, and Wave 2, 1989, data …

Sequential Super-Stereotypy Of An Instinctive Fixed Action Pattern In Hyper-Dopaminergic Mutant Mice: A Model Of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder And Tourette's, Kent C. Berridge, J Wayne Aldridge, Kimberly R. Houchard, Xiaoxi Zhuang

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Excessive sequential stereotypy of behavioral patterns (sequential super-stereotypy) in Tourette's syndrome and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is thought to involve dysfunction in nigrostriatal dopamine systems. In sequential super-stereotypy, patients become trapped in overly rigid sequential patterns of action, language, or thought. Some instinctive behavioral patterns of animals, such as the syntactic grooming chain pattern of rodents, have sufficiently complex and stereotyped serial structure to detect potential production of overly-rigid sequential patterns. A syntactic grooming chain is a fixed action pattern that serially links up to 25 grooming movements into 4 predictable phases that follow 1 syntactic rule. New …

Folie Et Écriture Dans Calomnies De Linda Lê, Ching Selao

Présence Francophone: Revue internationale de langue et de littérature

This article proposes to explore the many faces of madness through a reading of Linda Lê’s Calomnies, in which two narrative voices are presented. The following shall demonstrate how this novel reproduces a “romantic” perception of madness as encountered in Michel Foucault’s work. Although this narrative text introduces a mad narrator speaking in the “I” persona, it nonetheless points out the difficulties of letting madness speak for itself. These difficulties are also examined in this study.

Re-Engineering Systems For The Treatment Of Depression In Primary Care: Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial, A. J. Dietrich, Thomas E. Oxman, John W. Williams Jr., Herbert C. Schulberg, Martha L. Bruce, Pamela W. Lee, Sheila Barry

Dartmouth Scholarship

Objective: To test the effectiveness of an evidence based model for management of depression in primary care with support from quality improvement resources.

Trust And Health Service Use, Jen Chen Huey

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

The emergence of managed care into the health care system was intended to change the behaviors of both providers and patients to contain rising health care costs. These management strategies raise concerns about interference with professional trust relationships and its impact on access to care and quality of care, especially for disabled individuals with severe mental illness. Due to their vulnerability, they are less likely to advocate for themselves in receiving proper quality health care. In addition, distrust of health care systems is a prominent feature of this population because of their past experiences with systems of care and providers …