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Articles 61 - 90 of 617
Full-Text Articles in Radiology
Pregnancy Outcomes Of Patients With Ultrasound-Indicated And History-Indicated Mcdonald Cervical Cerclage, Zaibunnisa Memon, Naureen Anjum, Zahra Hoodbhoy
Pregnancy Outcomes Of Patients With Ultrasound-Indicated And History-Indicated Mcdonald Cervical Cerclage, Zaibunnisa Memon, Naureen Anjum, Zahra Hoodbhoy
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Objective: To assess pregnancy outcomes of patients with ultrasound-indicated and history-indicated McDonald cervical cerclage.
Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study of pregnant women who had cervical cerclage performed at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karimabad campus. We obtained Institutional Review Board approval and reviewed the medical records of patients. A purposive continuous sampling technique was used. A total of 88 patients were included. There were no exclusion criteria. Outcome data were collected from the medical record of patients from January 2010 to December 2016.
Results: Analysis reported a statistically significant lower gravidity and parity in the scan-indicated group as …
Oral N-Acetyl Cysteine Versus Rectal Indomethacin For Prevention Of Post Ercp Pancreatitis: A Multicenter Multinational Randomized Controlled Trial, Pezhman Alavinejad, Nguyen-Phuong Nhu Tran, Omid Eslami, Omar El Shaarawy, Omar El Shaarawy, Ahmad Hormati, Seied Saeed Seiedian, Abazar Parsi, Mohammed Hussien Ahmed, Amna Subhan Butt
Oral N-Acetyl Cysteine Versus Rectal Indomethacin For Prevention Of Post Ercp Pancreatitis: A Multicenter Multinational Randomized Controlled Trial, Pezhman Alavinejad, Nguyen-Phuong Nhu Tran, Omid Eslami, Omar El Shaarawy, Omar El Shaarawy, Ahmad Hormati, Seied Saeed Seiedian, Abazar Parsi, Mohammed Hussien Ahmed, Amna Subhan Butt
Section of Gastroenterology
Background: This multicenter multinational RCT designed to compare the efficacy of suppository indomethacin and NAC for prevention of PEP.
Methods: During a 6-month period, all of the ERCP cases in seven referral centers were randomly assigned to receive either 1200 mg oral NAC, indomethacin suppository 100 mg, 1200 mg oral NAC plus indomethacin suppository 100 mg or placebo 2 hours before ERCP. The primary outcomes were the rate and severity of any PEP.
Results: A total of 432 patients included (41.4% male). They were originally citizens of 6 countries (60.87% Caucasian). They were randomly allocated to receive either NAC (group …
Simultaneous Onset Of Haematological Malignancy And Covid: An Epicovideha Survey, Chiara Cattaneo, Jon Salmanton-García, Francesco Marchesi, Shaimaa El-Ashwah, Federico Itri, Barbora Weinbergerová, Maria Gomes Da Silva, Michelina Dargenio, Julio Dávila-Valls, Natasha Ali
Simultaneous Onset Of Haematological Malignancy And Covid: An Epicovideha Survey, Chiara Cattaneo, Jon Salmanton-García, Francesco Marchesi, Shaimaa El-Ashwah, Federico Itri, Barbora Weinbergerová, Maria Gomes Da Silva, Michelina Dargenio, Julio Dávila-Valls, Natasha Ali
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Background: The outcome of patients with simultaneous diagnosis of haematological malignancies (HM) and COVID-19 is unknown and there are no specific treatment guidelines.
Methods: We describe the clinical features and outcome of a cohort of 450 patients with simultaneous diagnosis of HM and COVID-19 registered in the EPICOVIDEHA registry between March 2020 to February 2022.
Results: Acute leukaemia and lymphoma were the most frequent HM (35.8% and 35.1%, respectively). Overall, 343 (76.2%) patients received treatment for HM, which was delayed for longer than one month since diagnosis in 57 (16.6%). An overall response rate was observed in 140 (40.8%) patients …
Diagnostic Accuracy Of Artificial Intelligence For Detecting Gastrointestinal Luminal Pathologies: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Om Parkash, Asra Tus Saleha Siddiqui, Uswa Jiwani, Fahad Rind, Zahra Ali Padhani, Arjumand Rizvi, Zahra Hoodbhoy, Jai K. Das
Diagnostic Accuracy Of Artificial Intelligence For Detecting Gastrointestinal Luminal Pathologies: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Om Parkash, Asra Tus Saleha Siddiqui, Uswa Jiwani, Fahad Rind, Zahra Ali Padhani, Arjumand Rizvi, Zahra Hoodbhoy, Jai K. Das
Section of Gastroenterology
Background: Artificial Intelligence (AI) holds considerable promise for diagnostics in the field of gastroenterology. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess the diagnostic accuracy of AI models compared with the gold standard of experts and histopathology for the diagnosis of various gastrointestinal (GI) luminal pathologies including polyps, neoplasms, and inflammatory bowel disease.
Methods: We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Wiley Cochrane Library, and Web of Science electronic databases to identify studies assessing the diagnostic performance of AI models for GI luminal pathologies. We extracted binary diagnostic accuracy data and constructed contingency tables to derive the outcomes of interest: sensitivity and specificity. …
Human Amniotic Membrane As A Dural Substitute In Neurosurgery: A Systematic Review, Zara Shah, Saqib Kamran Bakhshi, Mohammad Hamza Bajwa, Mujtaba Khalil, Michael C. Dewan, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim
Human Amniotic Membrane As A Dural Substitute In Neurosurgery: A Systematic Review, Zara Shah, Saqib Kamran Bakhshi, Mohammad Hamza Bajwa, Mujtaba Khalil, Michael C. Dewan, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim
Medical College Documents
Background: Several studies have highlighted the use of human amniotic membrane (HAM) in neurosurgical procedures as an effective dural substitute. HAM has inherent antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory properties and exhibits immunomodulatory effect that makes it an ideal dural substitute. Other advantages including easy availability, low cost of procurement, and storage also render it a promising dural substitute especially in low- and middle-income countries.
Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, using the search terms "human amniotic membrane," "dural repair," and "neurosurgery." To be eligible for inclusion in our review, papers had to report primary …
What Do We Know So Far About Ofatumumab For Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis? A Meta-Analytical Study, Hafiza Munazza Taj, Maryam Talib, Sania Siddiqa, Azza Sarfraz, Zouina Sarfraz, Karla Robles-Velasco, Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda
What Do We Know So Far About Ofatumumab For Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis? A Meta-Analytical Study, Hafiza Munazza Taj, Maryam Talib, Sania Siddiqa, Azza Sarfraz, Zouina Sarfraz, Karla Robles-Velasco, Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
Ofatumumab is a monoclonal antibody that reduces the level of B cells that alter the progression of relapsing multiple sclerosis. Originally approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in August 2020, this meta-analysis determines the outcomes of four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for endline outcomes of Gadolinium-enhancing T1 lesions on MRI scans reported as Cohen's d and relapse rate reported as risk ratio. All four RCTs reported favorable findings of gadolinium-enhancing T1 lesions (Cohen's d = -0.44, p < 0.00001). The relapse rate was reduced by 46% post ofatumumab administration (RR = 0.54, p < 0.00001). With 14 ongoing trials in this area, more data is required to consolidate our findings.
Chronic Diarrhea: A Rare Presentation Of Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Saira Furqan, Sajjad Ali Khan, Dania Ali, Kaleemullah Badini
Chronic Diarrhea: A Rare Presentation Of Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Saira Furqan, Sajjad Ali Khan, Dania Ali, Kaleemullah Badini
Section of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism
Hodgkin's Lymphoma is a cancer affecting the lymphatic system. There are two subtypes of Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Nodular lymphocyte predominant (NLPHL) and classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma which has further four types. It has a bimodal distribution and is more common among males. The most common presentation is painless swelling in the neck, armpit or groin region. Associated Symptoms include night sweats, unintentional weight loss, fever, persistent cough or dyspnea. Involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is a rare occurrence. Diagnosis is based on hematological, radiological and histochemical studies. Here we report a rare presentation of a 47-year-old male who presented with symptoms of …
Safety Of Simultaneous Bilateral Intravitreal Versus Unilateral Anti-Vasculo-Endothelial Growth Factors Injection In An Operating Room Setting, Irfan Kabiruddin Jeeva, Sidra Masud, Rehman Siddiqui, Hadees Murad Fahad
Safety Of Simultaneous Bilateral Intravitreal Versus Unilateral Anti-Vasculo-Endothelial Growth Factors Injection In An Operating Room Setting, Irfan Kabiruddin Jeeva, Sidra Masud, Rehman Siddiqui, Hadees Murad Fahad
Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences
Objectives: Chorioretinal diseases requiring the use of anti-vascular endothelial growth (anti-VEGF) injections often occur in both eyes simultaneously. This can necessitate injecting both eyes together rather than one eye at a time. The purpose of the study was to determine whether simultaneous bilateral intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF agents are safe when administered in an operation theatre setting.
Methods: Retrospective review of data was conducted. Single center study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Karachi Pakistan. Approximately 30,000 eyes that received anti-VEGF injection during a 10-year study period were included (March 2008-February 2018). Patients who were lost to follow up …
Measurement Of Sound Levels In A Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Of A Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, Saleema Khowaja, Shabina Ariff, Laila Ladak, Zainab Manan, Tazeen S. Ali
Measurement Of Sound Levels In A Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Of A Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, Saleema Khowaja, Shabina Ariff, Laila Ladak, Zainab Manan, Tazeen S. Ali
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
Background: High sound levels in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) can alter preterm newborn hemodynamics and cause long-term neuro-developmental delays and hearing loss. The study aims to collate data on sound levels in a level IV NICU of a tertiary care hospital, identify the factors associated with them, and compare them with the international standards set by the World Health Organization (WHO), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP).
Methods: We carried out a cross-sectional study in NICU from 8th April 2019 to 30th June 2019. Sound levels were recorded for 480 h, using a portable …
Neurodevelopment Assessment Of Small For Gestational Age Children In A Community-Based Cohort From Pakistan, Sabahat Naz, Zahra Hoodbhoy, Ali Jaffar, Sidra Kaleem Jafri, Babar Hasan, Devyani Chowdhury, Melissa Gladstone
Neurodevelopment Assessment Of Small For Gestational Age Children In A Community-Based Cohort From Pakistan, Sabahat Naz, Zahra Hoodbhoy, Ali Jaffar, Sidra Kaleem Jafri, Babar Hasan, Devyani Chowdhury, Melissa Gladstone
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
Background: Children born small for gestational age (SGA) may experience more long-term neurodevelopmental issues than those born appropriate for gestational age (AGA). This study aimed to assess differences in the neurodevelopment of children born SGA or AGA within a periurban community in Pakistan.
Methods: This was a prospective cohort study in which study participants were followed from the pilot Doppler cohort study conducted in 2018. This pilot study aimed to develop a pregnancy risk stratification model using machine learning on fetal Dopplers. This project identified 119 newborns who were born SGA (2.4±0.4 kg) based on International Fetal and Newborn Growth …
Factors Influencing The Use Of Postoperative Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure (Bipap) In Patients Undergoing Adult Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Syed Shabbir Ahmed, Muhammad Saad Yousuf, Khalid Samad, Hameed Ullah, Khalid Maudood Siddiqui
Factors Influencing The Use Of Postoperative Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure (Bipap) In Patients Undergoing Adult Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Syed Shabbir Ahmed, Muhammad Saad Yousuf, Khalid Samad, Hameed Ullah, Khalid Maudood Siddiqui
Department of Anaesthesia
Background and aims: Respiratory complications are one of the biggest challenges following cardiac surgery, which can lead to hypoxia and acute respiratory failure (ARF). The aim of this study to identify the factors led to BiPAP application for postoperative respiratory complications and its effectiveness as the main outcome measures after cardiac surgery.
Methods: It was a retrospective cohort study with consecutive sampling technique. A total of 335 postcardiac surgery patients medical record was reviewed who were underwent for surgery from November 1, 2018 to November 30, 2019. 265 patients were finalized for the recruitment, five patients were excluded before the …
Surgical And Oncological Outcomes Of Hepatic Resection For Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Report From A Low Volume Centre In A Developing Country, Muhammad Rizwan Khan, Saleema Begum, Muhammad Tayyab Ul Hasan Siddiqui
Surgical And Oncological Outcomes Of Hepatic Resection For Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Report From A Low Volume Centre In A Developing Country, Muhammad Rizwan Khan, Saleema Begum, Muhammad Tayyab Ul Hasan Siddiqui
Section of General Surgery
Objective: To review the surgical and oncological outcomes of patients who underwent hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Study design: Cohort study.
Place and duration of study: Department of Surgery of the Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi, from 2008 to 2019.
Methodology: Consecutive patients who underwent hepatic resection for HCC at the Hospital were included. The data were collected and analysed on aspects including demographics, liver function status, tumour characteristics, perioperative management, and surgical and oncological outcomes. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and log-rank test was applied to determine the influence of variables on overall and disease-free …
Association Between Fetal Abdominal Growth Trajectories, Maternal Metabolite Signatures Early In Pregnancy, And Childhood Growth And Adiposity: Prospective Observational Multinational Interbio-21st Fetal Study, Jose Villar, Roseline Ochieng, Robert B. Gunier, Aris T. Papageorghiou, Stephen Rauch, Rose Mcgready, Julia M. Gauglitz, Fernando C. Barros, Manu Vatish, Shama Munim
Association Between Fetal Abdominal Growth Trajectories, Maternal Metabolite Signatures Early In Pregnancy, And Childhood Growth And Adiposity: Prospective Observational Multinational Interbio-21st Fetal Study, Jose Villar, Roseline Ochieng, Robert B. Gunier, Aris T. Papageorghiou, Stephen Rauch, Rose Mcgready, Julia M. Gauglitz, Fernando C. Barros, Manu Vatish, Shama Munim
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Background: Obesity predominantly affects populations in high-income countries and those countries facing epidemiological transition. The risk of childhood obesity is increased among infants who had overweight or obesity at birth, but in low-resource settings one in five infants are born small for gestational age. We aimed to study the relationships between: (1) maternal metabolite signatures; (2) fetal abdominal growth; and (3) postnatal growth, adiposity, and neurodevelopment.
Methods: In the prospective, multinational, observational INTERBIO-21st fetal study, conducted in maternity units in Pelotas (Brazil), Nairobi (Kenya), Karachi (Pakistan), Soweto (South Africa), Mae Sot (Thailand), and Oxford (UK), we enrolled women (≥18 years, …
Time For Reintroducing Hpv Vaccine In Pakistan For Primary Prevention Of Cervical Cancer, Uzma Shamsi, Afshan Anwar, Zainab Samad
Time For Reintroducing Hpv Vaccine In Pakistan For Primary Prevention Of Cervical Cancer, Uzma Shamsi, Afshan Anwar, Zainab Samad
Community Health Sciences
No abstract provided.
Impact Of Social Vulnerability On Comorbid Cancer And Cardiovascular Disease Mortality In The United States, Sarju Ganatra, Sourbha S. Dani, Ashish Kumar, Safi U. Khan, Rishi Wadhera, Tomas G. Neilan, Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan, Ana Barac, Joerg Hermann, Salim S. Virani
Impact Of Social Vulnerability On Comorbid Cancer And Cardiovascular Disease Mortality In The United States, Sarju Ganatra, Sourbha S. Dani, Ashish Kumar, Safi U. Khan, Rishi Wadhera, Tomas G. Neilan, Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan, Ana Barac, Joerg Hermann, Salim S. Virani
Office of the Provost
Background: Racial and social disparities exist in outcomes related to cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Objectives: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to study the impact of social vulnerability on mortality attributed to comorbid cancer and CVD.
Methods: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database (2015-2019) was used to obtain county-level mortality data attributed to cancer, CVD, and comorbid cancer and CVD. County-level social vulnerability index (SVI) data (2014-2018) were obtained from the CDC's Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. SVI percentiles were generated for each county and aggregated to form …
Breast Cancer In A Teenage Girl With Brca Mutation: A Case Report From A Low Middle-Income Country, Lubna Mushtaque Vohra, Danish Ali, Syeda Amrah Hashmi, Meher Angez
Breast Cancer In A Teenage Girl With Brca Mutation: A Case Report From A Low Middle-Income Country, Lubna Mushtaque Vohra, Danish Ali, Syeda Amrah Hashmi, Meher Angez
Section of General Surgery
Introduction: A staggering majority of pediatric breast masses are benign (mostly fibroadenoma) and so a biopsy is not readily performed as it can potentially lead to a future breast disfigurement. However, this should not be standard practice as this can lead to a delayed diagnosis, and hence, the treatment of pediatric breast cancer (BC); this was also seen in our patient's scenario.
Case history: Here, we report the case of the youngest known breast cancer patient in Pakistan, a 15-year-old girl. The right-sided breast lump which was diagnosed clinically as a fibroadenoma later turned out to be stage IIb pT3N0M0 …
Menstrual Irregularities Following Covid-19 Vaccination: A Global Cross-Sectional Survey, Azza Sarfraz, Zouina Sarfraz, Muzna Sarfraz, Zainab Nadeem, Miguel Felix, Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda
Menstrual Irregularities Following Covid-19 Vaccination: A Global Cross-Sectional Survey, Azza Sarfraz, Zouina Sarfraz, Muzna Sarfraz, Zainab Nadeem, Miguel Felix, Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination generates protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection. There is no clear evidence of COVID-19 vaccine-induced menstrual irregularities.
Objective: To identify potential menstrual irregularities following COVID-19 vaccine among females.
Methods: A worldwide cross-sectional survey study was conducted from June 10, 2021, to July 10, 2021 using online mediums. The survey consisted of 15 questions divided into baseline characteristics, vaccination status and dosage, menstruation and relate factors, and thoughts and knowledge about menstrual irregularities. Non-probability convenience sampling method was used including 510 responses. The results were tabulated, with bivariate analysis and chi-square test results. The sensitivity …
Are Women With Disabilities Less Likely To Utilize Essential Maternal And Reproductive Health Services?-A Secondary Analysis Of Pakistan Demographic Health Survey, Shafaq Mahmood, Waqas Hameed, Sameen Siddiqi
Are Women With Disabilities Less Likely To Utilize Essential Maternal And Reproductive Health Services?-A Secondary Analysis Of Pakistan Demographic Health Survey, Shafaq Mahmood, Waqas Hameed, Sameen Siddiqi
Community Health Sciences
Background: People with disabilities deal with widespread exclusion from healthcare services, including sexual and reproductive health (SRH) rights. Studies analyzing the relationship between disability and key SRH utilization outcomes have often reported mixed findings. In Pakistan, very little to no literature is available on this topic, therefore we aim to determine inequalities in the utilization of essential maternal and reproductive health services between women with and without disabilities in Pakistan.
Methods: This was a secondary analysis of Pakistan Demographic Health Survey 2017-18 performed on a weighted sample of 6,711 women aged 15-49 years with a live birth in the 5 …
Association Of Respiratory Symptoms And Lung Function With Occupation In The Multinational Burden Of Obstructive Lung Disease (Bold) Study, Jate Ratanachina, Andre F S Amara, Sara De Matteis, Herve Lawin, Kevin Mortimer, Daniel O. Obaseki, Imed Harrabi, Meriam Denguezli, Emiel F M Wouters, Asaad Ahmed Nafees
Association Of Respiratory Symptoms And Lung Function With Occupation In The Multinational Burden Of Obstructive Lung Disease (Bold) Study, Jate Ratanachina, Andre F S Amara, Sara De Matteis, Herve Lawin, Kevin Mortimer, Daniel O. Obaseki, Imed Harrabi, Meriam Denguezli, Emiel F M Wouters, Asaad Ahmed Nafees
Community Health Sciences
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has been associated with exposures in the workplace. We aimed to assess the association of respiratory symptoms and lung function with occupation in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study. We analysed cross-sectional data from 28,823 adults (≥40 years) in 34 countries. Eleven occupations were considered and grouped by likelihood of exposure to organic dusts, inorganic dusts and fumes. The association of chronic cough, chronic phlegm, wheeze, dyspnoea, FEV1/FVC and FVC with occupation was assessed, per study site, using multivariable regression. These estimates were then meta-analysed. Sensitivity analyses explored differences between sexes and gross national income …
Immunohistochemical Detection And Prognostic Significance Of P53, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, Murine Double Minute 2, And Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 In Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients Of Pakistan, Syed Muhammad Adnan Ali, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim, Syed Ather Enam, Zubair Ahmad, Yumna Adnan, Hasnain Ahmed Farooqui
Immunohistochemical Detection And Prognostic Significance Of P53, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, Murine Double Minute 2, And Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 In Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients Of Pakistan, Syed Muhammad Adnan Ali, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim, Syed Ather Enam, Zubair Ahmad, Yumna Adnan, Hasnain Ahmed Farooqui
Department of Surgery Docs
Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the deadliest cranial tumors occurring in adults. Various biomarkers have been tested for their significance in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of GBM. Some well-studied markers in GBM are Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), Murine double minute 2 (MDM2), Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), and p53. The aim of this study was to investigate the protein expression of these markers in GBM patients of Pakistan.
Methods: A total of 102 surgically resected formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens from patients diagnosed and treated at Aga Khan University Hospital were included in this study. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for IDH1, MDM2, …
'Empty Toe' Phenomenon: A Unique Trauma Case, Sadaf Sheikh, Junaid Khan, Rizwan Haroon Rashid
'Empty Toe' Phenomenon: A Unique Trauma Case, Sadaf Sheikh, Junaid Khan, Rizwan Haroon Rashid
Section of Orthopaedic Surgery
No abstract provided.
Leveraging Clinical Digitized Data To Understand Temporal Characteristics And Outcomes Of Acute Myocardial Infarctions At A Tertiary Care Medical Centre In Pakistan From 1988-2018 - Methods And Results, Zainab Samad, Ali Aahil Noorali, Awais Farhad, Safia Awan, Nada Qaiser Qureshi, Mushyada Ali, Laiba Masood, Ghurfan Adnan, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Javed Tai
Leveraging Clinical Digitized Data To Understand Temporal Characteristics And Outcomes Of Acute Myocardial Infarctions At A Tertiary Care Medical Centre In Pakistan From 1988-2018 - Methods And Results, Zainab Samad, Ali Aahil Noorali, Awais Farhad, Safia Awan, Nada Qaiser Qureshi, Mushyada Ali, Laiba Masood, Ghurfan Adnan, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Javed Tai
Section of Cardiology
Background and objective: Few data exist on trends in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patterns spanning recent epidemiological shifts in low middle-income countries (LMICs). To understand temporal disease patterns of AMI characteristics and outcomes between 1988-2018, we used digitized legacy clinical data at a large tertiary care centre in Pakistan.
Methods: We reviewed digital health information capture systems maintained across the Aga Khan University Hospital and obtained structured elements to create a master dataset. We included index admissions of patients >18 years that were discharged between January 1, 1988, and December 31, 2018, with a primary discharge diagnosis of AMI (using …
The Global Network Socioeconomic Status Index As A Predictor Of Stillbirths, Perinatal Mortality, And Neonatal Mortality In Rural Communities In Low And Lower Middle Income Country Sites Of The Global Network For Women's And Children's Health Research, Archana B. Patel, Carla M. Bann, Cherryl S. Kolhe, Adrien Lokangaka, Antoinette Tshefu, Melissa Bauserman, Lester Figueroa, Nancy F. Krebs, Fabian Esamai, Sarah Saleem
The Global Network Socioeconomic Status Index As A Predictor Of Stillbirths, Perinatal Mortality, And Neonatal Mortality In Rural Communities In Low And Lower Middle Income Country Sites Of The Global Network For Women's And Children's Health Research, Archana B. Patel, Carla M. Bann, Cherryl S. Kolhe, Adrien Lokangaka, Antoinette Tshefu, Melissa Bauserman, Lester Figueroa, Nancy F. Krebs, Fabian Esamai, Sarah Saleem
Community Health Sciences
Background: Globally, socioeconomic status (SES) is an important health determinant across a range of health conditions and diseases. However, measuring SES within low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) can be particularly challenging given the variation and diversity of LMIC populations.
Objective: The current study investigates whether maternal SES as assessed by the newly developed Global Network-SES Index is associated with pregnancy outcomes (stillbirths, perinatal mortality, and neonatal mortality) in six LMICs: Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guatemala, India, Kenya, Pakistan, and Zambia.
Methods: The analysis included data from 87,923 women enrolled in the Maternal and Newborn Health Registry of the NICHD-funded …
Association Between The Baseline Gene Expression Profile In Periapical Granuloma And Periapical Wound Healing After Surgical Endodontic Treatment, Muhammad Adeel Ahmed, Fizza Nazim, Khalid Ahmed, Muhammad Furqan Bari, Abdulaziz Abdulwahed, Ahmed A. Almokhatieb, Yaseen Alalvi, Tariq Abduljabbar, Muhammad Nouman Mughal, Syed Hani Abidi
Association Between The Baseline Gene Expression Profile In Periapical Granuloma And Periapical Wound Healing After Surgical Endodontic Treatment, Muhammad Adeel Ahmed, Fizza Nazim, Khalid Ahmed, Muhammad Furqan Bari, Abdulaziz Abdulwahed, Ahmed A. Almokhatieb, Yaseen Alalvi, Tariq Abduljabbar, Muhammad Nouman Mughal, Syed Hani Abidi
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
In this study, we have investigated the association between the baseline gene expression profile in periapical granuloma and periapical wound healing after surgical endodontic treatment. Twenty-seven patients aged between 15 and 57 years underwent periapical surgery. The retrieved periapical tissue sample was used for mRNA expression analysis of COL1A1, VTN, ITGA5, IL-4, TNF, ANGPT, VEGFA, and CTGF. All patients were recalled after 6 and 12 months for periapical healing evaluation. Healing was then correlated with baseline gene expression. Healing was observed in 15 patients at the end of 6 months, which increased to 21 patients after 12 months. Six patients …
Covad Survey 2 Long-Term Outcomes: Unmet Need And Protocol, Zoha Zahid Fazal, Parikshit Sen, Mrudula Joshi, Naveen Ravichandran, James B. Lilleker, Vishwesh Agarwal, Sinan Kardes, Minchul Kim, Jessica Day, Ashima Makol
Covad Survey 2 Long-Term Outcomes: Unmet Need And Protocol, Zoha Zahid Fazal, Parikshit Sen, Mrudula Joshi, Naveen Ravichandran, James B. Lilleker, Vishwesh Agarwal, Sinan Kardes, Minchul Kim, Jessica Day, Ashima Makol
Medical College Documents
Vaccine hesitancy is considered a major barrier to achieving herd immunity against COVID-19. While multiple alternative and synergistic approaches including heterologous vaccination, booster doses, and antiviral drugs have been developed, equitable vaccine uptake remains the foremost strategy to manage pandemic. Although none of the currently approved vaccines are live-attenuated, several reports of disease flares, waning protection, and acute-onset syndromes have emerged as short-term adverse events after vaccination. Hence, scientific literature falls short when discussing potential long-term effects in vulnerable cohorts. The COVAD-2 survey follows on from the baseline COVAD-1 survey with the aim to collect patient-reported data on the long-term …
Esophageal Carcinoma And Associated Risk Factors: A Case-Control Study In Two Tertiary Care Hospitals Of Kabul, Afghanistan, Ramin Saadaat, Jamshid Abdul-Ghafar, Ahmed Maseh Haidary, Nooria Atta, Tazeen Saeed Ali
Esophageal Carcinoma And Associated Risk Factors: A Case-Control Study In Two Tertiary Care Hospitals Of Kabul, Afghanistan, Ramin Saadaat, Jamshid Abdul-Ghafar, Ahmed Maseh Haidary, Nooria Atta, Tazeen Saeed Ali
Community Health Sciences
Purpose: Esophageal cancer (EC) is the most common cancer among males in Afghanistan, thus we aimed to conduct a case-control study to determine the associated risk factors with EC in two tertiary care hospitals of Kabul, Afghanistan.
Patients and methods: We enrolled 132 EC cases and 132 controls and used conditional logistic regression to estimate the odds ratio (OR) with consideration of 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results: The results of our study revealed that esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) was the predominant type of EC constituting 75.8% of the cases. The results of the multivariate logistic analysis showed that males …
Neither Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Nor Cytotoxic T Cells Predict Enhanced Benefit From Chemotherapy In The Dbcg77b Phase Iii Clinical Trial, Elahe Shenasa, Elisabeth Specht Stovgaard, Maj-Britt Jensen, Karama Asleh, Nazia Riaz, Dongxia Gao, Samuel Leung, Bent Ejlertsen, Anne-Vibeke Laenkholm, Torsten O. Nielsen
Neither Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Nor Cytotoxic T Cells Predict Enhanced Benefit From Chemotherapy In The Dbcg77b Phase Iii Clinical Trial, Elahe Shenasa, Elisabeth Specht Stovgaard, Maj-Britt Jensen, Karama Asleh, Nazia Riaz, Dongxia Gao, Samuel Leung, Bent Ejlertsen, Anne-Vibeke Laenkholm, Torsten O. Nielsen
Section of General Surgery
Recent studies have shown that immune infiltrates in the tumor microenvironment play a role in response to therapy, with some suggesting that patients with immunogenic tumors may receive increased benefit from chemotherapies. We evaluated this hypothesis in early breast cancer by testing the interaction between immune biomarkers and chemotherapy using materials from DBCG77B, a phase III clinical trial where high-risk premenopausal women were randomized to receive chemotherapy or no chemotherapy. Tissue microarrays were evaluated for tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) assessed morphologically on hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides, and by immunohistochemistry for CD8, FOXP3, LAG-3, PD-1 and PD-L1. Following REMARK reporting guidelines, data …
Pineal Cyst Apoplexy And Memory Loss: A Novel Complication, Areez Shafqat, Hanin Jaber Algethami, Shameel Shafqat, Syed Shafqat Ul Islam
Pineal Cyst Apoplexy And Memory Loss: A Novel Complication, Areez Shafqat, Hanin Jaber Algethami, Shameel Shafqat, Syed Shafqat Ul Islam
Medical College Documents
An 8-year-old boy presented to our hospital complaining of a bilateral headache associated with episodes of anterograde amnesia. He had a road traffic accident 3 years ago when a computed tomography (CT) scan revealed traumatic brain injury. In addition, a small pineal cyst (PC) was noted with minor intramural calcifications. A follow-up CT a day later demonstrated increased density in the pineal gland of 60 Hounsfield Units, suggestive of apoplectic changes in the PC. However, the patient was lost to follow-up and presented with memory loss a year and a half later, upon which CT and magnetic resonance imaging revealed …
The Sars-Cov-2 Differential Genomic Adaptation In Response To Varying Uvindex Reveals Potential Genomic Resources For Better Covid-19 Diagnosis And Prevention, Naveed Iqbal, Muhammad Rafiq, Masooma Ali, Sanaullah Tareen, Maqsood Ahmad, Faheem Nawaz, Sumair Khan, Rida Riaz, Ting Yang, Ambrin Fatima
The Sars-Cov-2 Differential Genomic Adaptation In Response To Varying Uvindex Reveals Potential Genomic Resources For Better Covid-19 Diagnosis And Prevention, Naveed Iqbal, Muhammad Rafiq, Masooma Ali, Sanaullah Tareen, Maqsood Ahmad, Faheem Nawaz, Sumair Khan, Rida Riaz, Ting Yang, Ambrin Fatima
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a pandemic disease reported in almost every country and causes life-threatening, severe respiratory symptoms. Recent studies showed that various environmental selection pressures challenge the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infectivity and, in response, the virus engenders new mutations, leading to the emergence of more virulent strains of WHO concern. Advance prediction of the forthcoming virulent SARS-CoV-2 strains in response to the principal environmental selection pressures like temperature and solar UV radiation is indispensable to overcome COVID-19. To discover the UV-solar radiation-driven genomic adaption of SARS-CoV-2, a curated dataset of 2,500 full-grade genomes from …
Identifying Differences: A Key Step In Precision Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Salim S. Virani, Vijay Nambi
Identifying Differences: A Key Step In Precision Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Salim S. Virani, Vijay Nambi
Office of the Provost
No abstract provided.