Medical Education Commons^™

Education And Use Of The Lelli Test In The Clinical Setting, Nathalie De La Torre, Eduardo Escobar

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The knee ligament most susceptible to injury is the anterior cruciate.²˒⁵˒⁸ Detection of a ruptured ACL tear is pivotal in the course of injury care and management process.⁸ The gold reference standard for diagnosing an ACL tear has been arthroscopic evaluation.²˒⁵ However, a MRI may be used as an alternate because it is non-invasive, and it has a sensitivity and specificity of 98% and 94%.²˒⁵ Before the gold reference standard is used, a combination of physical examinations must be performed. The three physical examinations chosen by surgeons because of the exams’ highly researched validity are the Lachman test, Anterior Drawer …

The Effects Of Whole-Body Vibration And Weighted Vest On Vertical Jump Power And Flexibility, Oscar Gomez Delgado, Luis Macias, Jonathan Gonzalez, Murat Karabulut

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of the combination of weighted vest and full body vibration platform on jump height and flexibility. METHODS: A total of 29 subjects (15 males and 14 females) completed the study. Upon completion of the paperwork, anthropometric measurements were recorded, and the subjects were familiarized with the protocol. The four randomized conditions were as follows: Combination of whole-body vibration platform and weighted vest (WBV+WV), whole-body vibration platform (WBV), weighted vest (WV), or body weight only (BW). Each experimental session was preceded by a 5-minute warmup on a cycle ergometer at …

Acute Effects Of Squat Position And Whole-Body Vibration Frequency On Muscular Function On Lower Extremities, Jonathan T. Gonzalez, Nancy Calle, Jose M. Sosa, Julissa Perez, Gualberto Garza Iv, Liana Chee, Galilea Chapa, Murat Karabulut

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of whole-body vibration frequency on muscular function of lower extremities and jump performance depending on squat depth. METHODS: Thirteen male and fifteen female recreationally active subjects (ages 18-40) volunteered to participate in the study. Once all necessary paperwork was completed, anthropometric and equipment settings were recorded. Feet placement for all squats were measured to ensure consistency throughout study. Using a goniometer, the subject’s knees were positioned at 140° (high squat depth) or 90° (low squat depth) of flexion during squat exercises. Randomized testing sessions were as follows: 50 …

An In Vitro Investigation Of The Effects Of Formoterol On Thyroid Hormone-Related Gene Expression During Myogenesis, Gena D. Guerin, Ryan A. Gordon, Emily L. Zumbro, Anthony A. Duplanty

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Thyroid hormone (TH) is a primary driver of skeletal muscle (SKM) metabolism as well as myogenesis through stimulation its genetic targets. The conversion and activation of thyroid hormone (T4 to T3) is controlled by local deiodinase 2 and 3 (DIO2, DIO3) activity. This leads to expression of nuclear receptors in promotor regions of specific genes including sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1(SERCA1), which is important for homeostasis of calcium regulation during muscle contraction. PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of the exercise mimetic Formoterol (FORM), a beta-adrenergic receptor agonist, on the expression of thyroid hormone-related …

The Effects Of Twelve Weeks Of Combined Resistance And Aerobic Training On Arm Lean Mass In Post-Menopausal, Obese Women, Jacob O'Connor, Andreas Kreutzer, Michael M. Levitt, Maria A. Cardenas, Carmen Cook, Emily Souder, Kaci Orr, Stephanie Huber, Gail Teagle, Kirby Thames, Elise Erickson, Emma Wichman, Melody D. Phillips

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

ABSTRACT

Sarcopenia, a loss in muscle mass as a result of aging, is an independent risk factor for disability and is significantly associated with self-reported physical disability in both men and women. Strength training reverses the loss of, or maintains muscle mass in individuals as they age. PURPOSE: To examine the potential change in lean muscle mass of the arms in response to a 12-week combination strength and aerobic exercise training intervention in post-menopausal (55-75 years), obese women. METHODS: Forty-one women were randomly assigned to either an exercise (EX, n=22 ) or education (ED, n=19) group. For twelve …

The Neuromuscular And Muscle Damage Responses To The Farmers Walk: A Pilot Study, Jeb F. Struder, Arriana M. Mcdonald, Jordan B. Wainwright, Joseph B. Eberhardt, Zeina Nader, Noe Deanda, Souhad Z. Bachnack, Cody Haenitsch, Stephen Cumberledge, Daniel E. Newmire, Mikaela D. Boham, Heather E. Webb

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Farmer’s Walk (FW) has been suggested as a useful supplement to resistance training due to its premise as a functional training tool. Minimal information is available concerning biochemical and neuromuscular responses associated with performing the FW. Current literature regarding risks of muscle damage associated with the FW are limited impacting possible use in exercise prescription and application. PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to investigate the neuromuscular and biochemical responses to the FW when compared to an individual’s unloaded walking pattern (Non-weighted condition; NWC). METHODS: Fifteen participants (Mean ± SEM; age: 21.6 ± 0.5yo; ht: 172.5 …

The Effect Of Preparatory Motion And Visual Vs. Audio Cues On Response Time, Katherine Bricarell, Scott P. Mclean

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

In many sports, athletes must perceive and interpret information quickly and effectively to provide sufficient time to plan and execute subsequent movements (Filipic et al., 2009). Preparatory movements in discrete motor skills may improve such performance by enhancing processes such as the stretch-shortening response (Bernardi et al., 1998). For example, in a tennis service return, athletes have incorporated a preparatory small vertical jump (referred to as a “split step”) to reduce reaction time (Filipic et al., 2017). Such preparatory movements are now being used by baseball and softball position players in an attempt to improve their fielding response. Supporting evidence …

Exercise Cerebral Blood Flow Hemodynamics Differ In Hot Dry And Humid Conditions, Julianna J. Kilpatrick, Paolo Miguel Salvador, Kyleigh Allie, Eric Rivas

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Passive and exercise-heat stress have been reported to cause reductions in cerebral blood flow (CBF); however, it is unknown if CBF velocity is different under hot dry and humid conditions. PURPOSE: This project tested the hypothesis that upright rest and exercise-heat stress in hot dry and humid conditions result in similar CBF reductions. METHODS: Seven healthy active (7 day activity: 9887±3564 steps/day; VO₂max: 52±10 mL/kg/min) subjects (5M/2F, 24±9y, 171±6cm, 68±7kg) completed a 30 min baseline rest followed by 60 min of exercise at a rate of perceived exertion (RPE) of 12 (between light and somewhat hard) on a …

Pacing Strategies In The 200 Yard Freestyle By Collegiate Men, Peter Robinson, Scott P. Mclean

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

ABSTRACT

Examination of components of a 200 yd freestyle race may provide useful information for understanding how pacing strategy contributes to successful performance. PURPOSE: To compare 50-yd splits of a 200-yd freestyle race in higher performing and lower performing swimmers to assess if pacing strategy differs between groups. METHODS: An ex post facto design was used employed to create a dataset of 200 yd freestyle results. Split times were generated for each 50 yard segment of a 200 yd race for two performance groups of swimmers; the first and last four finalists in eight conference championships each for NCAA Division …

A Clinical Teaching Of Hamstring Strains, Josey Meyer, Chuck Ruot, Lindsay Edwards

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CLINICAL PRESENTATION & EXAM: A patient with a hamstring strain will have pain and tenderness on his or her posterior thigh. The patient may also complain of difficulty extending the knee and sitting comfortably. Depending on the severity of the injury, there could be bruising and swelling in the thigh area causing a loss of hamstring strength. If one of the hamstring muscles is completely torn; the patient would feel a “popping” sensation upon injury. Thus, the patient would be unable to use the injured leg. A hamstring strain typically comes from muscle overload during an eccentric contraction. A …

Salivary Cortisol And Testosterone Responses To A Farmer’S Walk, Arriana M. Mcdonald, Jeb F. Struder, Heather E. Webb

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

It is quite common that numerous populations must often carry large amounts of weight while moving (military, law enforcement, firefighters, farmers, and laborers) and/or benefit from the physiological stresses imposed on the body during competition. An exercise, such as the Farmer’s Walk (FW), may provide beneficial results for these individuals by supplementing the demands encountered during the completion of these tasks within a training environment. Limited information is available concerning the hormonal responses associated with performing the FW and the amount of physiological stress that may occur as a result of repeated efforts has not been investigated. PURPOSE: The …

Compliance With Intensity-Focused Prescription Of Physical Activity Using Real-Time Cadence, Wei Sun, Heontae Kim, Mary Malaska, Bridget Miller, Ho Han

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The utility of wearable activity monitors can provide a better guide to increase adherence to the recommended physical activity levels for health improvement. However, the extent of participants’ ability to comply with the physical activity prescription using a newly developed, intensity-focused value, real-time cadence, remains unclear. PURPOSE: To examine the participants’ ability to comply with a given physical activity prescription focusing on intensity (i.e., real-time cadence). METHODS: Thirty-six healthy adult individuals (age 18-65 yrs; 18 female) participated in the study. During a 2-min over-ground walking trial, participants were prescribed to walk at any cadences (steps/min; an indicative of …

Validation Of Wearable Activity Monitors For Real-Time Cadence, Heontae Kim, Wei Sun, Mary Malaska, Bridget Miller, Ho Han

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The recent advent of wearable activity monitors to provide physical activity intensity in real time (e.g., real-time cadence), enables researchers and practitioners to measure and prescribe physical activity targeting specific intensity in real time. The validity of real-time estimates from the devices, however, remains unclear. PURPOSE: To evaluate the validity of wearable activity monitors providing the values of real-time cadence against a criterion measure (i.e., hand-tally count). METHODS: Thirty-six healthy adult individuals (age 18-65 years) participated in the study. Participants wore Garmin Forerunner 235 (GM) and Polar M430 (PL) on their wrist of the non-dominant arm while placing …

The Acute Effects Of Different Squat Intensities On Vertical Jump Performance, Andrew R. Hill, Daniel L. Laudermilk, Soon-Mi Choi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Post activation potentiation (PAP) is defined as a short-term improvement in performance as a result of using a resistance exercise. The phenomenon of PAP has been shown to acutely increase athletic performance with back squats as an effective modality. PURPOSE: This study investigated acute effects of different back squat intensities on the countermovement vertical jump (CMJ). METHODS: Participants were 13 to 18-yr-old healthy male (n=8) and female (n=3) who participated in regular resistance training for at least 6 months and have played in a University Interscholastic League (UIL) within the past 6 months. One Repetition Maximum (1-RM) was measured within …

Investigating The Use Of Vibration Platform And Blood Flow Restriction As A Warm-Up Procedure, Ricardo Parra, Jovanna Bonilla, Elda Padilla, Laura Rodriguez, Naomi Cardenas, Murat Karabulut

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) training is a novel form of exercise that is emerging as an alternative to traditional resistance training. The research on BFR training as a warm up is limited. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to observe the combined effect of a whole body vibration (WBV) warm up and Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) on muscle temperature, flexibility, vertical jump height, and estimated VO2max. METHODS: Nineteen subjects (8 males and 11 females; Mean ± STDEV age = 24.21± 3.47 years; height = 166.94± 8.82 cm) completed the study, which involved performing a warm-up protocol under …

Case Study: Monitoring Sleeping Patterns Of A Boy With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy And His Caregivers, J. Anning, M. Feltman, N. Little, Z. Zhu, A. Kelleher, R. Bendixen

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Please see the pdf version of the abstract.

Femoral Neck Stress Fracture In A Female Triathlete: Clinical Presentation And Management, Jaime A. Aparicio, Katie Cannizzaro, Alexis Ortiz

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CASE HISTORY: A 31-year-old female triathlete developed R+ hip pain during a training run in preparation for a full Ironman. The athlete experienced an immediate onset of R+ anterior hip pain as she began to increase pace while running intervals. She stopped immediately and was unable to run or walk without R+ hip pain. The patient was referred to physical therapy. PHYSICAL EXAM: Initial examination in the outpatient physical therapy clinic revealed hip AROM within normal limits and PROM of the R+ limited in both flexion and internal rotation. Resisted strength testing revealed weakness and pain of R+ …

Effects Of Acute Low-Intensity Cycling On Perceived Stress, Arousal, And Attention, Alyssa G. Vigil, David J. Cleveland, Megan E. Ruhland, Ryan L. Olson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Generally, acute bouts of aerobic exercise have been shown to enhance psychological measures of emotion, mood, and affect. Previous investigations suggest that perceived stress and arousal levels are especially influenced by exercise. Interestingly, very few studies have examined the influence of exercise on attention and whether changes in stress and arousal may augment adaptations in attentional orientation that are often required during exercise. Furthermore, very little is known about the timing of the effects of exercise on these psychological outcomes. PURPOSE: The primary purpose of this study was to examine the effects of low-intensity aerobic exercise on stress, arousal, and …

Exercise Is Medicine-On Campus Initiative At Southwestern University, Kali Rose, Vanessa Mikan Phd

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

BACKGROUND: The Exercise Is Medicine (EIM) global health initiative aims to increase the amount of physical activity (PA) people are engaging in, with the intent of helping them meet the U.S. National PA guidelines. INTRODUCTION: The need for an increase in daily PA is becoming more evident with the steady increase in overweight and obesity rates impacting our quality of non-diseased life years. Research supports the numerous physical and mental benefits associated with exercise. The historical use of exercise as medicine dates back to over two millennia ago in which it was prescribed to help cure a variety of ailments. …

How People Identify Their Physical Activity Patterns And Neighborhood Walkability: A Pilot Study, Andrea C. Gilson, Misty Kesterson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The walkability of neighborhoods is considered an important indicator of public health. Walkability is defined as a composite of population density, street connectivity, and business access. The walkability of one’s neighborhood can influence one’s perceived physical function and body mass index. PURPOSE: In this research project, we examine how one perceives the walkability of their neighborhood and how that influences self-reported body mass index, physical function, and outcome expectations for exercise. METHODS: Participants were asked to complete a survey that consisted of 45 questions which included demographic information, one’s physical function (Physical Function Questionnaire - Short Form 10b), …

Exercise In Aging: Can Handgrip Training Improve Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Recovery Kinetics?, Susie Chung, Ryan Rosenberry 2450189, Paul Bhella, Michael Nelson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Loss of skeletal muscle function is a key factor contributing to reduced mobility and quality of life in aging individuals. While the exact mechanism remains unclear, impaired skeletal muscle oxidative capacity has been shown to play a major role. Exercise training increases oxidative capacity early in life; however, the potential for exercise to improve oxidative capacity later in life remains equivocal. PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that 4 weeks of exercise training can improve skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in elderly individuals beyond the 6^th decade of life. METHODS: To-date, 4 community-dwelling seniors from the local Dallas-Fort Worth …

Recovery Of Hindlimb Bone Mass Following Prolonged Disuse, Nicholas A. Igbinigie, Corinne Metzger, Susan Bloomfield

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Bone is a dynamic tissue that responds to mechanical loads placed on it. For populations with extensive periods of disuse, like those in prolonged bed rest and astronauts during long-duration spaceflight, significant bone loss can occur. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of prolonged disuse on weight-bearing bones and the length of time needed to recover disuse-induced bone loss utilizing the hindlimb unloading (HU) method in young rodents. We hypothesized that hindlimb bone mass would partially recover to age-matched control levels by 14 days of recovery following prolonged disuse and fully recover by 90 days of …

Coagulation Activation Pathway May Be Altered In Individuals Comorbid With Hiv And Type 2 Diabetes, Anthony Wolfe, Julie Zuniga, Michelle Harrison

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The expected lifespan of persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) has increased significantly due to improved treatment options. However, an unintended consequence has been an increased prevalence of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). It is therefore important to explore the underlying biological mechanisms for this increased risk of T2D among PLWH since it is not yet well understood. Investigation of specific biomarkers could help define the pathogenesis of T2D in PLWH and yield many positive outcomes including the detection of ‘at risk’ individuals as targets of early interventional strategies along with identification of new diagnostic …

The Effects Of Prior Aerobic Exercise On Lipid And Lipoprotein Responses Following A High-Carbohydrate Meal In Postmenopausal Women, Adam R. Gloeckner, Sarah Bailey, Andreas Kreutzer, Emily Garrity, Lachristina Adams, Carmen Cook, Meena Shah, Beverly Adams-Huet, Dennis J. Cheek, Jada Stevenson, Joel B. Mitchell Ph.D.

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Elevations in lipid and lipoprotein concentrations have been associated with the consumption of high-carbohydrate (CHO) meals. It is not clear if aerobic exercise performed prior to consuming a high-CHO meal will improve blood lipid and lipoprotein concentrations. PURPOSE: To observe if prior aerobic exercise improves lipid and lipoprotein concentrations following a meal high in CHO in post-menopausal women. METHODS: Twenty-two post-menopausal women completed 2 trials, one with exercise (EX) and the other without exercise (NE), in a randomized cross-over design, with a washout period of 7 days. The EX trial required the completion of 60 min of treadmill …

The Relationship Between Heart Rate Variability And Skeletal Muscle Damage In Female Collegiate Athletes, Brett Crossland, Matt Sokoloski, Brandon R. Rigby

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Heart rate variability (HRV) is an accurate indicator of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system activity. With athletes, HRV analysis can be a useful tool in analyzing the readiness to train, recovery status, and chronic adaptations to training, and overtraining. Skeletal muscle damage, which can be an outcome of overtraining, may be assessed using biomarkers in the blood, including creatine kinase (CK). The relationship between skeletal muscle damage and measures of HRV with regards to performance is not known. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between HRV measures and serum CK concentrations. A secondary purpose …

Effect Of Prior Aerobic Exercise On High-Sugar Meal Induced Endothelial Dysfunction In Postmenopausal Women, Sarah Bailey, Adam Gloeckner, Andreas Kreutzer, Emily Garrity, Lachristina Adams, Carmen Cook, Joel B. Mitchell Ph.D., Dennis J. Cheek, Jonathan Oliver, Melody D. Phillips, Meena Shah

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

High-sugar meals may cause endothelial dysfunction. It is unclear if aerobic exercise performed 13-16 h prior to consumption of a high-sugar meal (HSM) attenuates endothelial dysfunction in postmenopausal women (PMW). PURPOSE: To examine if prior aerobic exercise attenuates endothelial dysfunction induced by a HSM in PMW. METHODS: Twenty-two PMW were recruited for the study. All subjects completed 2 trials, one with exercise (EX) and the other without exercise (NE), in a randomized cross-over design, with a washout period of ≥ 7 days. During the EX trial, the subjects completed a 60 min bout of supervised aerobic exercise, at …

Exploring Health Related Lifestyle Habits And Influences In Rural India, Priyanka Aranha

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO) diabetes in India is projected to increase from 31.7 million in 2000 to 79.4 million in 2030. This drastic growth clearly outlines the need for an increase in both awareness and education. Purpose: The purpose of this project was to collaborate with the non-governmental organization, Mysore Resettlement and Development Agency (MYRADA), to develop an understanding of the perspective towards diabetes in the Chitradurga District. Methods: Focus groups were developed within eight villages to discuss lifestyle behaviors (i.e. level of physical activity, leisure time, occupation, nutritional habits, alcohol and tobacco …

Wireless Exercise Monitoring Enhances Cancer Rehabilitation Program, Megan L. Bowlin, Rachel A. Kelley, Hannah L. Lynam, Nathan E. Hall, Emily K. Jost, Emily G. Bontekoe, Natalie G. Kieffer, Dani S. Ingle, Kori E. Ferguson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cancer rehabilitation increases functional capacity (FC) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Exercise monitoring enhances program safety and effectiveness. Advanced monitoring technology and devices may further enhance program quality and integrity. PURPOSE: Examine the use of the Zephyr BioHarness in monitoring and analyzing physiological parameters during a 12-week cancer rehabilitation program. METHODS: Oklahoma cancer survivors (CS) and caregivers (CG) are recruited to participate in the OBU CARES Program, an evidence-based cancer rehabilitation program designed to promote healthy lifestyles, increase FC, and enhance HRQOL. Programming includes an orientation session, fitness testing, exercise prescriptions (ExRx), and supervised exercise sessions. ExRx …

Effect Of Oral Rinsing With Pre-Workout On Cycling Time Trial Performance, Michaela S. Pollaro, Victoria R. Lansford, Andrew M. Avila, John D. Smith

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

There is evidence that oral rinsing with a carbohydrate solution can have similar effects on aerobic performance compared to consuming the beverage, but less is known of sugar-free and pre-workout beverages. PURPOSE: to examine the effects of oral rinsing with a pre-workout supplement on aerobic performance. METHODS: After recording age (32.4±12.1 yrs), height (173.2±11.2 cm), and weight (76.8±14.8 kg), eleven participants rinsed 10 sec with either 2.5 oz. of carbohydrate (CHO), sugar-free pre-workout (PWO), or a sugar-free placebo (CN) beverage. Participants were interfaced with a metabolic analyzer and resting measurements were collected after two minutes. Participants then cycled …

Acute Effects Of Yoga On A Vibration Platform On Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, Flexibility, And Vertical Jump, Ricardo Parra, Elijah Lopez, Jason Mendoza, Joshua Fronk, Arnold Jimenez, Ashley Rivas, Murat Karabulut

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Both yoga and whole-body vibration exercise may have a wide-range of positive effects independent of each other. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of yoga performed on and off a vibration platform on blood pressure, flexibility, and vertical jump. METHODS: Subjects (n = 14; 9 females, 5 males; mean age = 22.5 ±1.9) completed 3randomized protocols of yoga on and off a vibration platform. The testing protocols were: 1) yoga poses on vibration platform with low frequency and low amplitude (PPL), 2) yoga poses on platform with high frequency and high amplitude …