Cardiovascular Diseases Commons^™

A Unified Model Of Age-Related Cardiovascular Disease, Michael Fossel, Joe Bean, Nina Khera, Mikhail G Kolonin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Despite progress in biomedical technologies, cardiovascular disease remains the main cause of mortality. This is at least in part because current clinical interventions do not adequately take into account aging as a driver and are hence aimed at suboptimal targets. To achieve progress, consideration needs to be given to the role of cell aging in disease pathogenesis. We propose a model unifying the fundamental processes underlying most age-associated cardiovascular pathologies. According to this model, cell aging, leading to cell senescence, is responsible for tissue changes leading to age-related cardiovascular disease. This process, occurring due to telomerase inactivation and telomere attrition, …

The Impact Of Volatile Organic Compound Exposure On Subclinical Biomarkers Of Cardiovascular Injury., Breandon Taylor

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Pollution has been identified as the leading environmental cause of non-communicable disease and premature deaths globally. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are gaseous chemical constituents of pollution derived from a variety of sources, including industrial solvents and byproducts, automobile exhaust, tobacco smoke, cleaning supplies, and personal care products. VOCs are also abundant at various Superfund and Hazardous Waste Sites. Emerging data suggest that VOC exposure is associated with several adverse health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). VOCs and their metabolites can potentially damage the endothelial lining of blood vessels, resulting in perturbed vascular function and vascular inflammation. We hypothesize that VOC …

Patient And Clinician Perceptions Of Precision Cardiology Care: Findings From The Heartcare Study, Hadley Stevens Smith, Clarissa E Sanchez, Ronald Maag, Alexandria Buentello, David R Murdock, Ginger A Metcalf, Trevor D Hadley, Daniel L Riconda, Eric Boerwinkle, Xander H T Wehrens, Christie M Ballantyne, Richard A Gibbs, Amy L Mcguire, Stacey Pereira

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Routine genome-wide screening for cardiovascular disease risk may inform clinical decision-making. However, little is known about whether clinicians and patients would find such testing useful or acceptable within the context of a genomics-enabled learning health system.

METHODS: We conducted surveys with patients and their clinicians who were participating in the HeartCare Study, a precision cardiology care project that returned results from a next-generation sequencing panel of 158 genes associated with cardiovascular disease risk. Six weeks after return of results, we assessed patients' and clinicians' perceived utility and disutility of HeartCare, the effect of the test on clinical recommendations, and …

Effects Of Glp-1 Receptor Agonists On Cardiovascular Outcomes In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes And Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Michael S. Kelly, Jelena Lewis, Hindu Rao, Jessica Carter, Ivan Portillo, Richard Beuttler

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Aim

To evaluate the cardiovascular outcomes of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Materials and Methods

We searched PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases for randomized controlled trials reporting event rates for a composite cardiovascular outcome of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in patients with T2DM and CKD receiving GLP1-RA or placebo. Studies were restricted to those reporting specific event rates for patients with CKD separately from the overall population. We conducted a meta-analysis using a random-effects model. This meta-analysis was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022320157). …

Impact Of Social Vulnerability On Comorbid Cancer And Cardiovascular Disease Mortality In The United States, Sarju Ganatra, Sourbha S. Dani, Ashish Kumar, Safi U. Khan, Rishi Wadhera, Tomas G. Neilan, Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan, Ana Barac, Joerg Hermann, Salim S. Virani

Office of the Provost

Background: Racial and social disparities exist in outcomes related to cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Objectives: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to study the impact of social vulnerability on mortality attributed to comorbid cancer and CVD.
Methods: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database (2015-2019) was used to obtain county-level mortality data attributed to cancer, CVD, and comorbid cancer and CVD. County-level social vulnerability index (SVI) data (2014-2018) were obtained from the CDC's Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. SVI percentiles were generated for each county and aggregated to form …

Identifying Differences: A Key Step In Precision Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Salim S. Virani, Vijay Nambi

Office of the Provost

No abstract provided.

Association Between Social Vulnerability Index And Cardiovascular Disease: A Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Study, Vardhmaan Jain, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Safi U. Khan, Safi U. Khan, Ankur Kalra, Fatima Rodriguez, Zainab Samad, Yashashwi Pokharel, Arunima Misra, Laurence S. Sperling

Section of Cardiology

Background Social and environmental factors play an important role in the rising health care burden of cardiovascular disease. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention developed the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) from US census data as a tool for public health officials to identify communities in need of support in the setting of a hazardous event. SVI (ranging from a least vulnerable score of 0 to a most vulnerable score of 1) ranks communities on 15 social factors including unemployment, minoritized groups status, and disability, and groups them under 4 broad themes: socioeconomic status, housing and transportation, minoritized groups, and …

Cardiovascular Disease Awareness Program On Risk Factors For Cardiovascular Disease Among Adolescents In Selected Schools, In New Delhi, Komal Kumari

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of mortality worldwide. The main risk factors include tobacco chewing/smoking, higher blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, physical inactivity, obesity, excessive alcohol use, age, sex, and heredity. Although CVDs commonly develop in middle age or later, risk factors are highly impacted by childhood practices that are continued into maturity. Knowledge gaps on CVD and its risk factors are major obstacles to effective prevention and treatment. Hence, a CVD awareness program was organized in order to educate adolescents about CVD and its risk factors. Objective: The objectives of the study were to identify students’ …

Psychological Well-Being In Childhood And Cardiometabolic Risk In Middle Adulthood: Findings From The 1958 British Birth Cohort, Julia K. Boehm, Farah Qureshi, Laura D. Kubzansky

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Childhood adversity is linked to poor cardiometabolic outcomes, but less is known about positive childhood factors. Using data from 4,007 members of the 1958 British Birth Cohort, we investigated whether children with greater psychological well-being had lower adulthood cardiometabolic risk. At age 11, participants wrote essays about their future. Two judges rated each essay for nine psychological well-being items (Finn’s r = .82–.91), which were combined into a standardized overall score (Cronbach’s α = .91). When participants reached age 45, nurses assessed their blood pressure, heart rate, lipids, glycosylated hemoglobin, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein, which were standardized and summed for …

Potential Impact Of 2017 American College Of Cardiology/American Heart Association Hypertension Guideline On Contemporary Practice: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From Ncdr Pinnacle Registry, Aliza Hussain, Salim S. Virani, Luke Zheng, Ty J. Gluckman, William B. Borden, Frederick A. Masoudi, Thomas M. Maddox

Office of the Provost

Background Clinical implications of change in the 2017 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) guideline on the diagnosis and management of hypertension, compared with recommendations by 2014 expert panel and Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC7), are not known. Methods and Results Using data from the NCDR (National Cardiovascular Data Registry) PINNACLE (Practice Innovation and Clinical Excellence) Registry (January 2013-Decemver 2016), we compared the proportion and clinical characteristics of patients seen in cardiology practices diagnosed with hypertension, recommended antihypertensive treatment, and achieving blood pressure (BP) goals …

Burden Of Cardiovascular Risk Factors And Disease In Five Asian Groups In Catalonia: A Disaggregated, Population-Based Analysis Of 121 000 First-Generation Asian Immigrants, Priyanka Satish, Emili Vela, Usama Bilal, Montse Cleries, Alka M Kanaya, Namratha Kandula, Salim S Virani, Nadia Islam, Javier Valero-Elizondo, Tamer Yahya, Josep Comin-Colet, Khurram Nasir, Josepa Mauri, Miguel Cainzos-Achirica

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

AIMS: To evaluate the burden of cardiovascular risk factors and disease (CVD) among five Asian groups living in Catalonia (Spain): Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Filipino, and Chinese.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Retrospective cohort study using the Catalan Health Surveillance System database including 42 488 Pakistanis, 40 745 Chinese, 21 705 Indians, 9544 Filipinos, and 6907 Bangladeshis; and 5.3 million native individuals ('locals'). We estimated the age-adjusted prevalence (as of 31 December 2019) and incidence (during 2019) of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, obesity, tobacco use, coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure (HF). Bangladeshis had the highest prevalence of diabetes …

Increasing The Utilization Of A Cardiovascular Risk Assessment & Screening Tool Through Education In A Primary Care Setting: A Quality Improvement Project, Taylor A. Massey

DNP Projects

Background and Significance: The World Health Organization (WHO) (2021) reports that 55.4 million people died worldwide in 2019; cardiovascular diseases due to ischemic heart disease and stroke were the top two leading causes of these deaths. Experts predict that by the year 2030, more than 22.2 million people will die annually from cardiovascular disease (Ruan et al., 2018). Noninvasive cardiovascular screening tests, such as the "Pulse4Pulse" screening tool, are a way to help providers identify patients at high-risk for cardiovascular disease and initiate treatment to reduce future risk.

Purpose: To increase provider utilization of the "Pulse4Pulse" screening test in a …

Recipe Modification For Cardiovascular Health, Meg Tolbert

Human Nutrition and Hospitality Management Undergraduate Honors Theses

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally. CVDs affect the heart and blood vessels. The most prominent CVDs are coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, rheumatic heart disease, and other conditions. More than four out of five CVD deaths are due to heart attacks and strokes.

The most important behavioral risk factors of heart disease and stroke are unhealthy diet and physical inactivity, but also include harmful abuse of tobacco and alcohol. These lifestyle factors display themselves as phenotypes like high blood pressure, high blood glucose and blood lipids, diabetes, and obesity. These risk factors, outside of genotype …

Free Cholesterol Bioavailability And Atherosclerosis, Rei J Abe, Jun-Ichi Abe, Minh T H Nguyen, Elizabeth A Olmsted-Davis, Abrar Mamun, Priyanka Banerjee, John P Cooke, Longhou Fang, Henry Pownall, Nhat-Tu Le

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose of review: As both a cholesterol acceptor and carrier in the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) pathway, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is putatively atheroprotective. However, current pharmacological therapies to increase plasma HDL cholesterol (HDL-c) concentration have paradoxically failed to prevent or reduce atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Given that free cholesterol (FC) transfer between surfaces of lipoproteins and cells is reversible, excess plasma FC can be transferred to the cells of peripheral tissue sites resulting in atherosclerosis. Here, we summarize potential mechanisms contributing to this paradox and highlight the role of excess free cholesterol (FC) bioavailability in atherosclerosis vs. atheroprotection.

Recent …

Obesogenic Environments And Cardiovascular Disease: A Path Analysis Using Us Nationally Representative Data, Fangqi Guo, Georgiana Bostean, Vincent Berardi, Alfredo J. Velasquez, Jennifer W. Robinette

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Introduction

People living in obesogenic environments, with limited access to healthful food outlets and exercise facilities, generally have poor health. Previous research suggests that behavioral risk factors and indicators of physiological functioning may mediate this link; however, no studies to date have had the requisite data to investigate multi-level behavioral and physiological risk factors simultaneously. The present study conducted serial and parallel mediation analyses to examine behavioral and physiological pathways explaining the association between environmental obesogenicity and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods

This cross-sectional observational study used data from the 2012–2016 Health and Retirement Study, a representative survey of US older …

Leveraging Structured And Unstructured Electronic Health Record Data To Detect Reasons For Suboptimal Statin Therapy Use In Patients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease, Glenn T. Gobbel, Michael E. Matheny, Ruth R. Reeves, Julia M. Akeroyd, Alexander Turchin, Christie M. Ballantyne, Laura A. Petersen, Salim S. Virani

Office of the Provost

Objective: To determine whether natural language processing (NLP) of unstructured medical text can improve identification of ASCVD patients not using high-intensity statin therapy (HIST) due to statin-associated side effects (SASEs) and other reasons.
Methods: Reviewers annotated reasons for not prescribing HIST in notes of 1152 randomly selected patients from across the VA healthcare system treated for ASCVD but not receiving HIST. Developers used reviewer annotations to train the Canary NLP tool to detect and extract notes containing one or more of these reasons. Negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity, specificity and Area Under the Curve (AUC) were used to assess accuracy …

Inflammatory Bowel Disease And Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease In U.S. Adults-A Population-Level Analysis In The National Health Interview Survey, Khurram Nasir, Isaac Acquah, Amit K. Dey, Tanushree Agrawal, Syed Zawahir Hassan, Kerri Glassner, Bincy Abraham, Eamonn M M. Quigley, Ron Blankstein, Salim S. Virani

Office of the Provost

Objectives: To evaluate the association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and whether this association is modified by age or sex.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the 2015-2016 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). The exposure of interest was self-reported IBD. The outcome of interest was prevalent ASCVD, which included a history of angina, myocardial infarction or stroke. We used survey-specific descriptive statistics to obtain weighted national estimates for IBD and ASCVD prevalence. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between IBD and ASCVD, progressively adjusting for demographics and traditional risk …

Association Between Shift Rotation And 30-Year Framingham Risk Of Cardiovascular Disease Among Male Workers In A Medium-Sized Manufacturing Factory, An-Yi Hung, Lung-Chang Chien, Ro-Ting Lin

Epidemiology & Biostatistics Faculty Research

Rotating shift work is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study compared the CVD risk score in 129 male line workers aged 22–49 years on different shifts in a medium-sized metal production factory from 2017 to 2020. We classified workers into four groups: permanent day shift, weekly rotation involving five consecutive nights, weekly rotation involving 3–4 consecutive nights, and monthly rotation involving two consecutive nights. We used the Framingham Risk Score to estimate the 30-yr risks of general and hard CVD (CVD risk estimates). We investigated the differences in CVD risk estimates between different groups using …

Does Tight Glycemic Control Slow The Progression Of Chronic Kidney Disease?, Elani Dodd

Graduate Research Projects

No abstract provided.

Cardiovascular Applications Of Artificial Intelligence In Research, Diagnosis, And Disease Management, Viswanathan Rajagopalan, Houwei Cao

Center for No Boundary Thinking

Despite significant advancements in diagnosis and disease management, cardiovascular (CV) disorders remain the No. 1 killer both in the United States and across the world, and innovative and transformative technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) are increasingly employed in CV medicine. In this chapter, the authors introduce different AI and machine learning (ML) tools including support vector machine (SVM), gradient boosting machine (GBM), and deep learning models (DL), and their applicability to advance CV diagnosis and disease classification, and risk prediction and patient management. The applications include, but are not limited to, electrocardiogram, imaging, genomics, and drug research in different …

Hypertension Pharmacological Treatment In Adults: A World Health Organization Guideline Executive Summary, Akram Al-Makki, Donald Dipette, Paul K. Whelton, M Hassan Murad, Reem A. Mustaf, Shrish Acharya, Hind Mamoun Beheiry, Beatriz Champagne, Kenneth Connell, Unab I. Khan

Department of Family Medicine

Hypertension is a major cause of cardiovascular disease and deaths worldwide especially in low- and middle-income countries. Despite the availability of safe, well-tolerated, and cost-effective blood pressure (BP)-lowering therapies, <14% of adults with hypertension have BP controlled to a systolic/diastolic BP <140/90 mm Hg. We report new hypertension treatment guidelines, developed in accordance with the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development. Overviews of reviews of the evidence were conducted and summary tables were developed according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations approach. In these guidelines, the World Health Organization provides the most current and relevant evidence-based guidance for the pharmacological treatment of nonpregnant adults with hypertension. The recommendations pertain to adults with an accurate diagnosis of hypertension who have already received lifestyle modification counseling. The guidelines recommend BP threshold to initiate pharmacological therapy, BP treatment targets, intervals for follow-up visits, and best use of health care workers in the management of hypertension. The guidelines provide guidance for choice of monotherapy or dual therapy, treatment with single pill combination medications, and use of treatment algorithms for hypertension management. Strength of the recommendations was guided by the quality of the underlying evidence; the tradeoffs between desirable and undesirable effects; patient's values, resource considerations and cost-effectiveness; health equity; acceptability, and feasibility consideration of different treatment options. The goal of the guideline is to facilitate standard approaches to pharmacological treatment and management of hypertension which, if widely implemented, will increase the hypertension control rate world-wide.

Mental Health And Access To Medical Care In Patients With Chronic Cardiovascular Conditions: An Analysis Of The Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System, Riyad Y Kherallah, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Jing Liu, Sina Kianoush, Arunima Misra, Salim S Virani

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: Poor mental health is associated with worse outcomes for chronic diseases. It is unclear whether mental illness predisposes to difficulties with healthcare access.

METHODS: Using a combined dataset of the 2016-2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, this study focused on individuals who reported a chronic cardiovascular condition. Weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to explore the association between domains of mental health and measures of healthcare access including delaying medical care, more than one year since last routine checkup, lack of a primary care physician, and cost-related medication nonadherence.

RESULTS: Among 1,747,397 participants, 27% had a chronic cardiovascular …

The Role Of Pre-Participation Exams In Identifying Student Athletes At Risk For Sudden Cardiac Arrest, Elizabeth Frey

Honors Projects

Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is the leading cause of death in young student athletes (Drezner et al., 2007). With athletes being recognized as some of the healthiest members of society, a catastrophic event like this can stimulate debate over pre-participation screening and appropriate emergency actions. With 55-80% cases of sudden cardiac death (SCD) being asymptomatic before the event (Drezner et al., 2007), looking into how well pre-participation screenings identify at risk individuals becomes much more important. This project investigates to what extent pre-participation physicals (PPE) can be improved to better identify student athletes at risk for sudden cardiac death and …

The Physiological Benefits Of A Plant-Based Diet On Cardiovascular Health, Jenevieve Petray

Nursing | Senior Theses

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasingly more prevalent in today’s society and is attributed to an alarming percentage of American hospitalizations and deaths. Americans are unhealthier than ever before, and the main contributor is the Western diet. Diet is a double-edged sword that can offer benefits or detriments to one’s health. CVD encompasses numerous diagnoses originating from various underlying physiological alterations. These alterations are downstream effects of increased body weight and BMI, increased cholesterol levels, decreased insulin sensitivity and increased arterial plaque buildup. Research shows that a plant-based diet has the potential to manage and reverse all fundamental physiological alterations that …

Psychosocial Risk Factors And Cardiovascular Disease And Death In A Population-Based Cohort From 21 Low-, Middle-, And High-Income Countries, Ailiana Santosa, Annika Rosengren, Chinthanie Ramasundarahettige, Sumathy Rangarajan, Jephat Chifamba, Scott A. Lear, Paul Poirier, Karen E. Yeates, Rita Yusuf, Romaina Iqbal

Community Health Sciences

Importance: Stress may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Most studies on stress and CVD have been conducted in high-income Western countries, but whether stress is associated with CVD in other settings has been less well studied.
Objective: To investigate the association of a composite measure of psychosocial stress and the development of CVD events and mortality in a large prospective study involving populations from 21 high-, middle-, and low-income countries across 5 continents.
Design, setting, and participants: This population-based cohort study used data from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology study, collected between January 2003 and March 2021. Participants …

The Impact Of Muscular Strength On Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors, Joel Ernest Harden

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the associations between isokinetic leg muscular strength and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor characterizations in Americans aged 50 and older. Using a publicly available dataset from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a secondary analysis was conducted on participants (males ≥50 yrs; females ≥55 yrs; N=10,858) pooled from 1999 to 2002. CVD risk factors were determined using the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) cutoff values, with all nine ACSM risk factors analyzed. CVD risk factor characterization was determined by creating CVD risk factor profiles (i.e., the total number of …

Prevalence And Predictors Of Cost-Related Medication Nonadherence In Individuals With Cardiovascular Disease: Results From The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (Brfss) Survey, Riyad Kherallah, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Ishan Kamat, Chayakrit Krittanawong, Dhruv Mahtta, Michelle T Lee, Jing Liu, Khurram Nasir, Javier Valero-Elizondo, Jaideep Patel, Mouaz H Al-Mallah, Laura A Petersen, Salim S Virani

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Medication nonadherence is highly prevalent among patients with chronic cardiovascular disease. Poor adherence has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Medication cost is a major driver for medication nonadherence. Utilizing data from the 2016 to 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey, we estimated the prevalence of cost-related medication nonadherence (CRMNA) among the overall population and among individuals who reported a history of diabetes, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), or hypertension. We then performed multivariable logistic regression to analyze sociodemographic factors associated with CRMNA. Our study population consisted of 142,577 individuals of whom 24% were older than 65 years, …

Integrating Patient-Reported Outcomes Into Clinical Genetic Testing For Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Rachele M. Hendricks-Sturrup, Robert Block, Christine Y. Lu

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and PRO measures (PROMs) are often used to help clinicians and researchers understand patients’ personal concerns, feelings, experiences, and perspectives following the implementation of an intervention. Notably, PROs and PROMs can inform health systems, health policy, and payers on the utility of clinical genetic testing based on each patient’s personal values, perspectives, and potential health behaviors subsequent to testing. In this topic synopsis, we discuss the underexplored role of and implications for PROs and PROMs following genetic testing for familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), an autosomal dominant genetic disorder of cholesterol metabolism that can lead to highly premature fatal …

Insights From Monitoring Aspirin Adherence: A Medication Adherence Cascade Tool, Heather L. Wheat, Elliane Irani, Richard Josephson, Mary A. Dolansky

Faculty Scholarship

Background: Adherence to recommended medications is a key issue in the care of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and barriers to adherence are well established during the medication adherence cascade, the processes of prescribing, obtaining, taking, and maintaining medication use. Aspirin avoids many of the barriers in the medication adherence cascade as it does not require a prescription (prescribing) and is inexpensive, easily accessible (obtaining), prescribed once-daily (taking) as an over-the-counter medication and is generally perceived by patients as safe (maintaining). The purpose of this paper is to report aspirin adherence and propose the Medication Adherence Cascade Tool to assist …

Face-To-Face Nursing Promotion Of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Marika Whitaker

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: The burden of cardiovascular disease is rising at global and national levels, and cardiac rehabilitation is recognized as one of the most beneficial and cost-effective strategies to manage it. One significant problem globally, nationally, and locally is the low numbers of eligible patients who enroll in cardiac rehabilitation.

PICOT: In patients with isolated coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) (P), how does face-to-face nursing promotion of cardiac rehabilitation (I) compared to the patients who do not have face-to-face nursing promotion (C), affect the percentage of patients enrolling in cardiac rehabilitation after discharge (O) within 8 weeks (T)?

Evidence: …