Diseases Commons^™

Difficulty Breathing Or Just A Case Of The Nerves? Incidental Finding Of Primary Pleural Schwannoma In A Covid-19 Survivor, Daania Shoaib, Muhammad Nauman Zahir, Saqib R. Khan, Adnan Jabbar, Yasmin Abdul Rashid

Section of Haematology/Oncology

Schwannoma is a rare tumor that arises from the Schwann cells, which are specialized, myelin-producing cells of the peripheral nerve sheaths. As anatomic logic would dictate, these masses commonly occur in the skull base, cerebellopontine angle, and posterior spinal roots. Of this already rare entity, rarer still are the pleural schwannomas, representing approximately 1-2% of thoracic tumors. These tumors commonly affect adults with a propensity for the third and sixth decades of life and a comparative male predilection. Schwannomas are benign, indolent, and follow an asymptomatic course. As such, they often come to light incidentally.
Here we report a case …

Infective Endocarditis Secondary To Mycoplasma Pneumoniae, Huzaifa Dawood, Saad Nasir, Reem M. Khair, Mustafa Dawood

Section of Internal Medicine

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a gram-positive bacterium most commonly associated with community-acquired pneumonia in adults. It can also involve other systems of the body. Cardiovascular complications include pericarditis, myocarditis, congestive cardiac failure, and, rarely, infective endocarditis. We report a case of infective endocarditis secondary to MP infection in an adult. We treated our patient with doxycycline, which showed significant improvement.

Balancing Science And Public Policy In Pakistan's Covid-19 Response, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Faisal Sultan, Aamer Ikram, Adil H. Haider, Assad Hafeez, Muhammad Islam

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected the world in an unprecedented manner and South Asian countries were among the first to experience imported cases. Pakistan's response to COVID-19 has been under scrutiny for its granularity, reach and impact.
Aims: to evaluate objectively the chronology and depth of the response to COVID-19 in Pakistan.
Methods: We evaluated available national and subnational epidemiological and burden information on COVID-19 cases and deaths in Pakistan, including projection models available to the Government at an early stage of the pandemic.
Results: Pakistan, with a population of 215 million and considerable geographic diversity, experienced case …

Balancing Science And Public Policy In Pakistan's Covid-19 Response, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Faisal Sultan, Aamer Ikram, Adil H. Haider, Assad Hafeez, Muhammad Islam

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected the world in an unprecedented manner and South Asian countries were among the first to experience imported cases. Pakistan's response to COVID-19 has been under scrutiny for its granularity, reach and impact.
Aims: to evaluate objectively the chronology and depth of the response to COVID-19 in Pakistan.
Methods: We evaluated available national and subnational epidemiological and burden information on COVID-19 cases and deaths in Pakistan, including projection models available to the Government at an early stage of the pandemic.
Results: Pakistan, with a population of 215 million and considerable geographic diversity, experienced case …

Frequency Of Retinopathy Of Prematurity (Rop) In Infants Screened For Rop: Two Years Follow-Up Results Of A Single Center In Turkey, Adem Ugurlu

BioMedicine

Aim: The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in infants referred to our clinic for screening ROP.

Material and Method: The data of 729 infants who were referred to the ROP outpatient clinic of the Ophthalmology Unit of Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Turkey between April 2018 and March 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The gestational age and weight of the infants, stay in the neonatal intensive care unit, duration of oxygen therapy, and detailed ophthalmologic examination findings were recorded in the study.

Findings and Results: Of the 729 babies screened for ROP,122 …

Disparities In Covid-19 Rates Among Various Demographics And Lack Of Racial Representation In Medical Texts, Diangelo Gonzalez

Celebration of Learning

The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, which originated in Wuhan, China in December of 2019, has impacted nations all over the globe. Given the health disparities which existed within the United States prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, this pandemic continued to pose a significant challenge to the health of the public. The aims of this research study were twofold: (1) to analyze the incidence rates of COVID-19 among different racial and ethnic groups within the United States and (2) to describe the occurrence of diversity within medical texts. Overall, the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated health disparities within the United States. Understanding …

Use Of Intravitreal Methotrexate Infusion In Complicated Retinal Detachment For Prevention Of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy In A Pilot Study, Sana Jahangir, Tehmina Jahangir, Muhammad H. Ali, Qasim Lateef, Uzma Hamza, Haroon Tayyab

Section of Ophthalmology

Objective: The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of per-operative intravitreal methotrexate (MTX) infusion during vitrectomy in patients of retinal detachment (RD) with advanced grade proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).
Methods: In this prospective interventional case series, we included patients with Grade C PVR, recurrent RD, and open globe trauma. All patients underwent standard single surgeon operated 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with 80mg of MTX in 1000mL of irrigation fluid. All patients were followed up after four months to assess the final status of retinal attachment and visual acuity. Ethical review board permission was sought …

A Cancer Ubiquitome Landscape Identifies Metabolic Reprogramming As Target Of Parkin Tumor Suppression, Ekta Agarwal, Aaron R Goldman, Hsin-Yao Tang, Andrew V Kossenkov, Jagadish C Ghosh, Lucia Languino, Valentina Vaira, David W Speicher, Dario C Altieri

Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

Changes in metabolism that affect mitochondrial and glycolytic networks are hallmarks of cancer, but their impact in disease is still elusive. Using global proteomics and ubiquitome screens, we now show that Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase and key effector of mitophagy altered in Parkinson's disease, shuts off mitochondrial dynamics and inhibits the non-oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway. This blocks tumor cell movements, creates metabolic and oxidative stress, and inhibits primary and metastatic tumor growth. Uniformly down-regulated in cancer patients, Parkin tumor suppression requires its E3 ligase function, is reversed by antioxidants, and is independent of mitophagy. These data …

Why Should People Use Face Masks In The Time Of Covid? The Jri Position, Jose Bordon, Alex Glynn, Forest W. Arnold

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Coronavirus Update 8-24-21, The Coronavirus Planning Team

University Briefings & Virtual Events

Today we want to focus on the procedures and protocols you follow if you have COVID symptoms or if you test positive for COVID. The CampusClear app can also help you with this, so please make sure that you are checking in with the app each morning before you head outside.

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 86), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Does Epa Cause A Decrease In Inflammation Of Bend.3 Cells Through Ffar4?, Clay J. Weidenhamer

Masters Theses

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease initiated by low and oscillatory shear stress on the endothelium. The inflammatory process recruits leukocytes to the vessel wall by expression of the adhesion molecule VCAM-1. Activation of the NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway is responsible for the increase in VCM-1 expression. Omega 3 FAs, such as EPA, reduce the risk of atherosclerosis by decreasing this inflammatory response. The pathway by which omega 3 FAs is proposed to inhibit inflammation includes activating FFAR4 to decrease NF-κB activation thereby reducing expression of adhesion molecules. We hypothesized that treatment of endothelial cells with 30 μM EPA would decrease …

Cohort Profile: The Alliance For Maternal And Newborn Health Improvement (Amanhi) Biobanking Study, Fahad Aftab, Salahuddin Ahmed, Aneeta Hotwani, Muhammad Ilyas, Mohammad Javaid, Fyezah Jehan, Farah Khalid, Usma Mehmood, Muhammad Imran Nisar, Muhammad Sajid

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

No abstract provided.

No Difference In Clinical Outcomes For African American And White Patients Hospitalized With Sars-Cov-2 Pneumonia In Louisville, Kentucky, Julio A. Ramirez, Stephen P. Furmanek, Thomas Chandler, Stephen S. Hanson, Dawn Balcom, Subathra Marimuthu, Sathya Krishnasamy, Jose Bordon, Rodrigo Cavallazzi, Amr Aboelnasr, Mahder A. Tella, William A. Mattingly, Ashley M. Wilde, Daisy Sangroula, Demetra Antimisiaris, Donghoon Chung, Guillermo Cabral, Gabino R Fernandez-Botran, Jiapeng Huang, Martin Gnoni, Ozan Akca, Paul Schulz, Phillip F. Bressoud, Priya Krishnan, Sally Suliman, William P. Mckinney, Bryan Moffett, Leslie A Wolf, Mark Burns, Alex Glynn, Ruth Carrico, Forest W. Arnold

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Introduction: Current literature indicates that African American individuals are at increased risk of becoming infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and suffer higher SARS-CoV-2-related mortality rates. However, there is a lack of consensus as to how the clinical outcomes of African American patients differ from those of other groups. The objective of this study was to define the clinical outcomes of African American and White hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Louisville, Kentucky.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 CAP at eight hospitals in Louisville, Kentucky. Severity of CAP at time of hospitalization …

Comparing Growth Velocity Of Hiv Exposed And Non-Exposed Infants: An Observational Study Of Infants Enrolled In A Randomized Control Trial In Zambia, Obvious Nchimunya Chilyabanyama, Roma Chilengi, Natasha Makabilo Laban, Masuzyo Chirwa, Michelo Simunyandi, Luiza Miyanda Hatyoka, Innocent Ngaruye, Najeeha Talat Iqbal, Samuel Bosomprah

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Impaired growth among infants remains one of the leading nutrition problems globally. In this study, we aimed to compare the growth trajectory rate and evaluate growth trajectory characteristics among children, who are HIV exposed uninfected (HEU) and HIV unexposed uninfected (HUU), under two years in Zambia.
Method: Our study used data from the ROVAS II study (PACTR201804003096919), an open-label randomized control trial of two verses three doses of live, attenuated, oral RotarixTM administered 6 &10 weeks or at 6 &10 weeks plus an additional dose at 9 months of age, conducted at George clinic in Lusaka, Zambia. Anthropometric measurements …

Virtual Reality (Vr)-Based Environmental Enrichment In Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment (Mci) And Mild Dementia, Waleed Riaz, Zain Yar Khan, Ali Jawaid, Suleman Shahid

Medical College Documents

Background: Despite an alarming rise in the global prevalence of dementia, the available modalities for improving cognition and mental wellbeing of dementia patients remain limited. Environmental enrichment is an experimental paradigm that has shown promising anti-depressive and memory-enhancing effects in pre-clinical studies. However, its clinical utility has remained limited due to the lack of effective implementation strategies.
Objective: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the usability (tolerability and interactivity) of a long-term virtual reality (VR)- based environmental enrichment training program in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia. A secondary objective was to assess …

A Comparison Of The Evolution, Structure, And Function Of Sars-Cov And Sars-Cov-2 Spike Proteins, Tai Michaels

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

As the COVID-19 pandemic has developed into the largest pandemic of the twenty-first century, it has become apparent that this disease, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is unlike anything the modern world has faced before. Not only has the disease infected more than 16 million people worldwide, but its rapid spread has drawn global attention to the gaps in our understanding of its pathogenesis and the development of vaccines and treatments. One of the most important topics of research in the disease is the viral spike (S) protein which facilitates binding and entering host cells and plays a key role …

Applications Of Bayesian Inference For Modelling Dynamic Instability In Neuronal Dendrite Morphogenesis, Daniel Fridman

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

Neurons are complex biological systems which develop intricate morphologies and whose dendrites are essential in receiving and integrating input signals from neighboring neurons. While much research has been done on the role of dendrites in neuronal development, a further understanding of dendrite dynamics can provide insight into neural development and the cellular basis of neurological diseases such as schizophrenia, Down’s syndrome, and autism. The Jonathon Howard lab hypothesizes that microtubules are a primary driving force in dendrite dynamics. Since it is known that microtubules display dynamic instability, rapidly transitioning between growth, paused, and shrinking states, the Howard lab proposes a …

Coronavirus Update 8-20-21, The Coronavirus Planning Team

University Briefings & Virtual Events

Thanks to all of you who joined our town hall meeting for students and parents last night. We hope your questions were answered. Because of the impending storm (see below), we have moved the faculty and staff town hall to Tuesday at 3:30.

Comparing Sensitivity And Specificity Of Pacemaker Id Application And Cardiac Rhythm Management Device-Finder Application In Identifying Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Manufacturer Using Chest Radiograph - An Observational Study, Pirbhat Shams, Muhammad Mehdi, Jamshed Ali, Intisar Ahmed, Sheema Saadia, Sameen Iqbal, Aamir Hameed Khan, Yawer Saeed

Section of Cardiology

Background: Smartphone-based applications to identify cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) are extremely useful in circumstances, where urgent device interrogation is needed, and a device identification card is not available. Few studies have provided insights regarding the utility of these applications. We have studied two widely available applications i.e., Pacemaker ID app (PMIDa) or Cardiac Rhythm Management Device-Finder (CRMD-f) to identify device manufacturers in CIEDs.
Methods: 547 patients who underwent CIED implantation from the year 2016-2020 in our institute were enrolled. There were 438 Medtronic and 109 St. Jude's devices. All chest radiographs were de-identified and resized into 225*225 pixels focusing …

Equine Influenza Virus And Vaccines, Fatai S. Oladunni, Saheed Oluwasina Oseni, Luis Martinez-Sobrido, Thomas M. Chambers

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Equine influenza virus (EIV) is a constantly evolving viral pathogen that is responsible for yearly outbreaks of respiratory disease in horses termed equine influenza (EI). There is currently no evidence of circulation of the original H7N7 strain of EIV worldwide; however, the EIV H3N8 strain, which was first isolated in the early 1960s, remains a major threat to most of the world’s horse populations. It can also infect dogs. The ability of EIV to constantly accumulate mutations in its antibody-binding sites enables it to evade host protective immunity, making it a successful viral pathogen. Clinical and virological protection against EIV …

Dermatitis Herpetiformis: An Update On Diagnosis, Disease Monitoring, And Management, Christopher N Nguyen, Soo-Jung Kim

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH), Duhring disease, is caused by gluten sensitivity and affects 11.2 to 75.3 per 100,000 people in the United States and Europe with an incidence of 0.4 to 3.5 per 100,000 people per year. DH is characterized by a symmetrical blistering rash on the extensor surfaces with severe pruritus. The diagnosis continues to be made primarily by pathognomonic findings on histopathology, especially direct immunofluorescence (DIF). Recently, anti-epidermal transglutaminase (TG3) antibodies have shown to be a primary diagnostic serology, while anti-tissue transglutaminase (TG2) and other autoantibodies may be used to support the diagnosis and for disease monitoring. Newly diagnosed …

The Double Burden Of Malnutrition And Associated Factors Among South Asian Adolescents: Findings From The Global School-Based Student Health Survey, Sara Estecha Querol, Romaina Iqbal, Laura Kudrna, Lena Al-Khudairy, Paramijit Gill

Community Health Sciences

The health and nutrition of the global adolescent population have been under-researched, in spite of its significant size (1.2 billion). This study investigates the prevalence and associated factors of malnutrition (stunting, thinness and overweight) among adolescents living in South Asia. The sample analysed was 24,053 South Asian schooled adolescents aged 12-15 years that participated in the cross-sectional Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) between 2009 and 2016. The prevalence of stunting, thinness and overweight was calculated using the World Health Organization (WHO) Child Growth Reference 2007. Associations between the three forms of malnutrition and their possible associated factors were assessed …

Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis Induced By Cetuximab, Sadia Masood, Mohammad Rizwan, Saira Fatima, Palwasha Jalil

Department of Medicine

A wide variety of diseases and drugs can cause cutaneous pustular eruptions. Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a unique drug-induced dermatosis clinically presented as erythematous papular and pustular eruption, usually caused by certain systemic drugs. We are presenting a very rare association of AGEP with a biological agent, cetuximab. A male aged 66 years, who was recently diagnosed with a case of squamous cell carcinoma of glottis, presented in the dermatology clinic with a recent onset of fever and widespread pustular eruption over the face, trunk, and limbs. The eruption was noted after the injection of cetuximab given for …

The Current, Scott K. Heysell

Journal of Wellness

No abstract provided.

Coronavirus Update 8-17-21, The Coronavirus Planning Team

University Briefings & Virtual Events

We are looking forward to meeting with you in the coming days to answer your questions about protocols for fall.

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 85), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Discrepancy Between Pcr Based Sars-Cov-2 Tests Suggests The Need To Re-Evaluate Diagnostic Assays, Zain Mushtaq, Sadia Shakoor, Akber Kanji, Najma Shaheen, Asghar Nasir, Zeeshan Ansar Ahmed, Imran Ahmed, Syed Faisal Mahmood, Rumina Hasan, Zahra Hasan

Section of Internal Medicine

Objective: We investigated the discrepancy between clinical and PCR-based diagnosis of COVID-19. We compared results of ten patients with mild to severe COVID-19. Respiratory samples from all cases were tested on the Roche SARS-CoV-2 (Cobas) assay, Filmarray RP2.1 (bioMereiux) and TaqPath™ COVID19 (Thermofisher) PCR assays.
Results: Laboratory records of ten patients with mild to severe COVID-19 were examined. Initially, respiratory samples from the patients were tested as negative on the SARS-CoV-2 Roche® assay. Further investigation using the BIOFIRE® Filmarray RP2.1 assay identified SARS-CoV-2 as the pathogen in all ten cases. To investigate possible discrepancies between PCR assays, additional testing was …

Evaluating A1c Reduction In Patients With Diabetes Receiving Pharmacy Intervention, Christopher R. Evans, Kirsten Held, Stephanie Thomas, Jeanne Spencer

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

Introduction: Diabetes affects 34 million Americans and is the 7th leading cause of death in the United States. According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) the A1c goal for most patients is less than 7%; however, in patients at risk for hypoglycemia or with complications that goal can be increased up to less than 8%. Management of diabetes with diet and exercise is essential, but insufficient for most patients and pharmacologic intervention is necessary to achieve therapeutic goals. Reducing A1c is associated with lower cardiovascular risk and a reduction in diabetes-associated complications. Previous studies have shown that pharmacist management of …

A Pilot Study Of Knee And Hip Osteoarthritis Patient Experience With Telemedicine During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Rondy M. Lazaro, Kyle J. Smith, Mohammad H. Bawany, Nathan Barford, Jennifer H. Paul

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

Objective: The purpose of this pilot study is to examine patients' experience and satisfaction using telemedicine for knee and hip osteoarthritis care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Adult patients seen via telemedicine for knee and/or hip osteoarthritis pain completed surveys through the REDCap online platform or pen/paper evaluating their experiences and satisfaction with telemedicine, assessed using yes/no and Likert scale questions. Demographic information was collected from the electronic medical record (EMR).

Results: 32 subjects (9 males, 23 females, mean age 63.2 years [SD = 12.2 years]) completed surveys. 90.6% of subjects stated that they were satisfied with the audio/video quality …