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Articles 211 - 219 of 219

Full-Text Articles in Tissues

Effects Of Neurotrophic Factors On Osteoblast Growth And Differentiation, Colleen M. Moran Sep 2011

Effects Of Neurotrophic Factors On Osteoblast Growth And Differentiation, Colleen M. Moran

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Recent evidence suggests that bone metabolism may be influenced by the innervation of skeletal tissues. Innervation of skeletal tissues might directly influence bone volume by the release or secretion of osteogenic growth factors in the form of neuropeptides. These neuropeptides could act locally on osteoblasts to increase bone formation and/or mineralization. Since calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and Substance P (SP) are the most abundant neuropeptides present in sensory nerves in bone, the current studies were intended to test the hypothesis that these two neuropeptides may have direct effects on osteoblast growth, differentiation, and mineralization. Replicate cultures of murine calvarial osteoblasts …

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A Review Of Literature For Osteology: Cell Biology, Tissue Biology, And The Application Of Synthetic Compounds For The Facilitation Of Bone Tissue Repair, Ryan T. Jones May 2011

A Review Of Literature For Osteology: Cell Biology, Tissue Biology, And The Application Of Synthetic Compounds For The Facilitation Of Bone Tissue Repair, Ryan T. Jones

Honors Theses

Bone is a dynamic matter that provides support, structure, mineral reserves, and stem cell reserves for the body. Important functions range from structural support for the body to roles in maintaining homeostasis. Structure and support for the body is the most obvious role, with the skeletal system as a whole providing a normal force for other tissues and organs to resist gravity. Protection is also inferred for tissues and organs from impacting forces, especially with axial bones covering vital organs in the thoracic cavity. Another function of bone includes the ability to store and release minerals when needed to maintain …

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Stuck Together: Searching For A Model Of Peritoneal Adhesions Using The August Rat, James W. Bathe Apr 2010

Stuck Together: Searching For A Model Of Peritoneal Adhesions Using The August Rat, James W. Bathe

Honors Theses

Fibrous adhesions, a by-product of the healing process, often appear post-surgically as a result of peritonitis related to the surgery. These adhesions can be either primarily "scar tissue" or excess "healthy tissue," and are the leading cause of intestinal obstruction in modern medicine. Shockingly, adhesions occur in up to 96% of patients undergoing intra-abdominal surgery. Adhesions can lead to multiple complications other than obstructions such as inadvertent enterotomy at the time of adhesiolysis, chronic pain, and female infertility. Additional complications arise from the adhesions preventing the free movement of organs and causing strangulations. The causes of the peritonitis, and therefore …

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Nanofiber Scaffolds With Gradations In Mineral Content For Mimicking The Tendon-To-Bone Insertion Site, Xiaoran Li, Jingwei Xie, Justin Lipner, Xiaoyan Yuan, Stavros Thomopoulos, Younan Xia Jul 2009

Nanofiber Scaffolds With Gradations In Mineral Content For Mimicking The Tendon-To-Bone Insertion Site, Xiaoran Li, Jingwei Xie, Justin Lipner, Xiaoyan Yuan, Stavros Thomopoulos, Younan Xia

MIIR Faculty Research

We have demonstrated a simple and versatile method for generating a continuously graded, bonelike calcium phosphate coating on a nonwoven mat of electrospun nanofibers. A linear gradient in calcium phosphate content could be achieved across the surface of the nanofiber mat. The gradient had functional consequences with regard to stiffness and biological activity. Specifically, the gradient in mineral content resulted in a gradient in the stiffness of the scaffold and further influenced the activity of mouse preosteoblast MC3T3 cells. This new class of nanofiberbased scaffolds can potentially be employed for repairing the tendon-to-bone insertion site via a tissue engineering approach.

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Indentation Fracture Of Bovine Cortical Bone: Acoustic Emission Technique, Ashkan Safari, Ger Reilly, Brendan Mccormack Jan 2006

Indentation Fracture Of Bovine Cortical Bone: Acoustic Emission Technique, Ashkan Safari, Ger Reilly, Brendan Mccormack

Conference Papers

Indentation cutting may result in microcracking and main crack growth which was previously reported. In this study, we recorded the AE signals produced by cracking processes during cutting on cortical bone, measuring the cutting force and correlating between load-displacement curves and AE activities.

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Analysis Of Indentation Loading Of Cortical Bone Using Acoustic Emission Techniques, Ashkan Safari, Ger Reilly, Brendan Mccormack Dec 2005

Analysis Of Indentation Loading Of Cortical Bone Using Acoustic Emission Techniques, Ashkan Safari, Ger Reilly, Brendan Mccormack

Conference Papers

In this study, we recorded the number of Acoustic emission (AE) hits and related AE energy during indentation fracture of cortical bone using a PAC PCI-2 card and pico sensor. A threshold value of 43dB was used to filter premature trigger due to background noise. Registered AE hits had more than one count (threshold crossing). Amplifier gain was set at 40dB with a (0.1-1) MHz band pass filter. 8mm cubes of cortical bones were indented in the longitudinal direction at constant crosshead speed of 1 mm min-1 using a large 2D, 50˚ wedge indenter. We hypothesised that signals occurring as …

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Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Pattern Diagnosis Or Entity, Naasha Talati, Shahid Pervez Sep 1998

Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Pattern Diagnosis Or Entity, Naasha Talati, Shahid Pervez

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a diverse and heterogeneous group of tumours The sub-classification of these tumours is of importance for both prognosis and treatment. Classically, sub- categorization is based purely on histomorphological grounds, but as new techniques evolve, a more, conclusive and accurate diagnosis can be made. This study describes the prevalence of soft tissue sarcomas in adults diagnosed at The Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH) and the impact of immunohistochemistry(IHC) on the precise sub-categorization of these tumours. The study included 364 adults (age 16+) who were diagnosed as soft tissue sarcoma in the past six years (May 1991 …

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Optimization Of Cryopreservation Protocols For Cardiovascular Tissue, Jianfei Hu Apr 1992

Optimization Of Cryopreservation Protocols For Cardiovascular Tissue, Jianfei Hu

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of cryopreservation on the physical, biochemical and cellular aspects of heart valve tissue. The present study demonstrated that radiolabeled proline accumulation provides a quantitative estimate of total cellular metabolic viability. Radiolabeled inulin was demonstrated to be a useful marker for extracellular tissue space. Assessment of metabolic viability of the cellular population of leaflet tissue as a function of procurement and processing revealed that proline accumulation declined with increasing warm and cold ischemic times. Amphotericin B and streptomycin were toxic to the cells. Cefoxitin, lincomycin, polymyxin B, vancomycin and penicillin had …

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The Effects Of Luteinizing Hormone And Adenosine 3',5'-Cyclic Monophosphate On Phospholipid Metabolism By Luteal Mitochondria, Jim John Sadighian Apr 1986

The Effects Of Luteinizing Hormone And Adenosine 3',5'-Cyclic Monophosphate On Phospholipid Metabolism By Luteal Mitochondria, Jim John Sadighian

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

Luteinizing hormone (LH) increases intracellular concentrations of adenosine 3', 5 '-cyclic monophosphate and the phosphoinositides, phosphatidylinositol (PI), PI 4'-phosphate (PIP) and PI 4' .5 1 - bispbosphate (PIP2). It is believed that cAMP and the phosphoinositides act concertedly to regulate mitochondrial conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone. This study examined the effects of LH and N6 ,O2 -dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP) on phospholipids metabolism by luteal mitochondria and the influence of dbcAMP and the phosphoinosi tides on mitochondrial steroid production. Mitochondria were isolated from unincubated and incubated luteal tissue by differential centrifugation. Phospholipids were extracted from the mitochondria …

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