Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Commons^™

Extensive Intra-Abdominal Adhesions In A Patient With No Previous Abdominal Surgeries, Jared Jackson, Saptarshi Biswas

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2022

No abstract provided.

Rate Of Live Birth In Women Of Advanced Maternal Age Who Have Used Hormonal Contraception Versus Those Who Have Used Only Non-Hormonal Contraception, Marla Peters, Alex Dye, Alyssa Moffitt, Melissa Crenshaw

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2022

No abstract provided.

A Clinical Study Of Venereal And Non Venereal Genital Dermatoses In Women, Lakkireddygari Sujana, Savitha L. Beergouder, Alekhya Rallapalli, Prasanthi Chidipudi, Sujatha Alla

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

Background: Any genital lesion or related symptoms are erroneously considered to be sexually transmitted as it is the most covered regions of the body and seems truly to be a forgotten pelvic organ it is the significant and important group of dermatological conditions may be associated with considerable morbidity, discomfort, and embarrassment. The most common conditions seen in a Dermatology Clinic are vulvar dermatoses, which comprise of lichen sclerosis, lichen planus, vulvar eczema, and psoriasis. Other conditions such as vulvar pain syndromes, vulvar disorders associated with systemic diseases, and blistering diseases are also seen.

Materials and Methods: This was a …

Fertility Control Options For Management Of Free-Roaming Horse Populations, Ursula S. Bechert, John W. Turner Jr., Dan L. Baker, Douglas C. Eckery, Jason E. Bruemmer, Candace C. Lyman, Tulio M. Prado, Sarah R. B. King, Mark A. Fraker

Human–Wildlife Interactions

The management of free-roaming horses (Equus ferus) and burros (E. asinus) in the United States has been referred to as a “wicked problem” because, although there are population control options, societal values will ultimately determine what is acceptable and what is not. In the United States, free-roaming equids are managed by different types of organizations and agencies, and the landscapes that these animals inhabit vary widely in terms of access, size, topography, climate, natural resources, flora, and fauna. This landscape diversity, coupled with contemporary socioeconomic and political environments, means that adaptive management practices are needed to …

Stereotactic Radiosurgery For Pituitary Adenomas: A Review Of Literature, Kaynat Siddiqui, Saqib Kamran Bakhshi, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim

Section of Neurosurgery

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a choice of treatment for pituitary adenomas (PA), particularly for residual or recurrent disease, apart from surgery. It has a progression free survival and endocrine remission rate comparable to surgery, with fewer side effects, making it an ideal tool for dealing with PA. In this review, we have discussed the role of SRS for primary as well as post-operative residual/ recurrent PA, and have assessed its safety and outcomes.

Generalization Of Net Benefit Of Diagnostic Tests Into Multi-Stage Clinical Conditions: A Collapsing Approach, Ferdous Ahmed

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Evaluating diagnostic tests based on benefit-risk involves both the tests’ accuracy and the clinical implications of the diagnostic errors. Diagnostic tests are commonly classified into two stages: either positive or negative for a clinical condition (diseased or non-diseased). However, some diseases have more than two stages, such as Alzheimer’s. In diseases with more than two stages, the benefits and risks of the clinical consequences could differ from stage to stage. I could not find any investigations to account for the difference in benefits and risks of tests with more than two stages in the literature. The benefit to cost values …

Dosage, Intensity, And Frequency Of Language Therapy For Aphasia: A Systematic Review-Based, Individual Participant Data Network Meta-Analysis, The Rehabilitation And Recovery Of People With Aphasia After Stroke (Release) Collaborators

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background and Purpose: Optimizing speech and language therapy (SLT) regimens for maximal aphasia recovery is a clinical research priority. We examined associations between SLT intensity (hours/week), dosage (total hours), frequency (days/week), duration (weeks), delivery (face to face, computer supported, individual tailoring, and home practice), content, and language outcomes for people with aphasia.

Methods: Databases including MEDLINE and Embase were searched (inception to September 2015). Published, unpublished, and emerging trials including SLT and ≥ 10 individual participant data on aphasia, language outcomes, and time post-onset were selected. Patient-level data on stroke, language, SLT, and trial risk of bias were independently extracted. …

Participant Use Of Digital Diaries In Qualitative Research: A Strong Structuration Analysis, Maureen L. Seguin, Jhaki A. Mendoza, Eunice Mallari, Gideon Lasco, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Lia M. Palileo-Villanueva, Benjamin Palafox, Alicia Renedo, Martin Mckee, Dina Balabanova

Development Studies Faculty Publications

Lived experiences of chronic conditions are marked by fluidity and change, which should be considered if care is to be truly patient-centered. Seeking to capture this fluidity, we used digital diaries via mobile phones to communicate with hypertensive patients in the Philippines over approximately 12 months. This paper draws on Strong Structuration Theory to conceptualize the complex array of factors shaping participants’ usage (and non-usage) of the diaries, thereby offering a comprehensive understanding of how the diaries were perceived and used. We draw on qualitative data from 42 participants (73 baseline/follow-up interviews and 37 digital diaries), purposively selected from a …

Activation Of Cannabinoid-2 Receptor Protects Against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Induced Acute Lung Injury And Inflammation, Nagaraja Nagre, Gregory Nicholson, Xiaofei Cong, Janette Lockett, Andrew C. Pearson, Vincent Chan, Woong-Ki Kim, K. Yaragudri Vinod, John D. Catravas

Bioelectrics Publications

Background

Bacterial pneumonia is a major risk factor for acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), an opportunistic pathogen with an increasing resistance acquired against multiple drugs, is one of the main causative agents of ALI and ARDS in diverse clinical settings. Given the anti-inflammatory role of the cannabinoid-2 receptor (CB2R), the effect of CB2R activation in the regulation of PA-induced ALI and inflammation was tested in a mouse model as an alternative to conventional antibiotic therapy.

Methods

In order to activate CB2R, a selective synthetic agonist, JWH133, was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) to C57BL/6J …

Intraoperative Post Partum Hemorrhage In A Patient With Dengue Fever, Usama Ahmed, Asiyah Aman

Department of Anaesthesia

A 33 year old obstetric patient with mild fever of undiagnosed etiology underwent emergency caesarean section under general anesthesia. She had platelet count of 98,000 per microliter and increased APTT of 37.8 s at the time of surgery. After uneventful anesthetic induction and delivery of fetus, slow and oozing type of bleeding led to massive hemorrhage. Patient remained vitally stable throughout perioperative phase and was extubated. Next day, patient's dengue IgM antibody was reported positive. Neonate was well and his dengue test was negative. Pregnant women are at high risk of developing severe complications of dengue fever with unclear mechanisms …

Why Do Family Members Reject Ai In Health Care? Competing Effects Of Emotions, Eun Hee Park, Karl Werder, Lan Cao, Balasubramaniam Ramesh

Information Technology & Decision Sciences Faculty Publications

Artificial intelligence (AI) enables continuous monitoring of patients’ health, thus improving the quality of their health care. However, prior studies suggest that individuals resist such innovative technology. In contrast to prior studies that investigate individuals’ decisions for themselves, we focus on family members’ rejection of AI monitoring, as family members play a significant role in health care decisions. Our research investigates competing effects of emotions toward the rejection of AI monitoring for health care. Based on two scenario-based experiments, our study reveals that emotions play a decisive role in family members’ decision making on behalf of their parents. We find …

A Review Of Monte Carlo Methods And Their Application In Medical Physics For Simulating Radiation Transport, Joe Shields

Honors Theses and Capstones

Monte Carlo methods are used to calculate statistical behavior through the use of random number generators and probability density functions. They have been used extensively in medical physics for research in radiotherapy, designing technology, dosimetry, and advanced clinical applications. This paper provides a background on Monte Carlo methods and a review of radiation therapy physics and dosimetry. Additionally, there is a discussion of the different ways Monte Carlo methods are used in medical physics as well as a review of current research related to Monte Carlo methods. The final portion of this paper contains my own Monte Carlo simulation using …

Evaluating Utilization And Effectiveness Of Intravenous To Oral Linezolid Protocol, Austin Roe, Jennifer Claiborne, Jason Lin

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2022

No abstract provided.

Hernia Prevention Utilizing Mesh And/Or Small Bites: A 2x2 Factorial Randomized Controlled Trial, Rainna Coelho, Naila Dhanani, Erik Askenasy, Stefanos Millas, Karla Bernardi, Zuhair Ali, Lillian S. Kao, Mike Liang

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2022

No abstract provided.

Maternal Fetal Hemorrhage, Anthony Brausch

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2022

No abstract provided.

Suspected Blow To The Chest? Investigate It!, Parisa Biazar, Catherine Mitchell, David I. Rosenberg

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2022

No abstract provided.

Implementation Of Standardized Protocols For Office Blood Pressure Measurement, Steven Nevers, Alice Tran, Carol Gambrill, Anush Pillai

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2022

No abstract provided.

Development Of A New Spe Uplc–Ms/Ms Method For Extraction And Quantitation Of Toluene Diamine On Gloves Following Toluene Diisocyanate Exposure, Asma Daoud, Pierre-Luc Cloutier, Sébastien Gagné, Livain Breau, Jacques Lesage

Études primaires

Rationale

Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) is a highly reactive isocyanate commonly used as a mixture of 2,4- and 2,6- isomers in the production of flexible foams. Exposure to TDI occurs primarily through vapour inhalation in workplaces where TDI is produced or used, but dermal exposure is also possible during some tasks. To ensure workplace safety, accurate monitoring of TDI and toluene diamine (TDA) levels is required. Methods of quantifying field effectiveness of gloves in preventing dermal exposure have not been established. Therefore, there is a need to develop a new practical method for assessing glove effectiveness for TDI/TDA.

Method

A new …

Neuromotor Changes In Participants With A Concussion History Can Be Detected With A Custom Smartphone App, Christopher K. Rhea, Masahiro Yamada, Nikita A. Kuznetsov, Jason T. Jakiela, Chanel T. Lojacono, Scott E. Ross, F. J. Haran, Jason M. Bailie, W. Geoffrey Wright

Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

Neuromotor dysfunction after a concussion is common, but balance tests used to assess neuromotor dysfunction are typically subjective. Current objective balance tests are either cost- or space-prohibitive, or utilize a static balance protocol, which may mask neuromotor dysfunction due to the simplicity of the task. To address this gap, our team developed an Android-based smartphone app (portable and cost-effective) that uses the sensors in the device (objective) to record movement profiles during a stepping-in-place task (dynamic movement). The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which our custom smartphone app and protocol could discriminate neuromotor behavior between …

Robust Testing Of Paired Outcomes Incorporating Covariate Effects In Clustered Data With Informative Cluster Size, Sandipan Dutta

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

Paired outcomes are common in correlated clustered data where the main aim is to compare the distributions of the outcomes in a pair. In such clustered paired data, informative cluster sizes can occur when the number of pairs in a cluster (i.e., a cluster size) is correlated to the paired outcomes or the paired differences. There have been some attempts to develop robust rank-based tests for comparing paired outcomes in such complex clustered data. Most of these existing rank tests developed for paired outcomes in clustered data compare the marginal distributions in a pair and ignore any covariate effect on …

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Using Second Generation Drug-Eluting Stents Vs Coronary Artery Bypass Graft In Left Main Coronary Artery And Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease, Eric Kim

Capstone Showcase

Many of the studies that are used in reference to the clinical decision making between PCI vs CABG use BMS or first-generation DES as a comparison. With the advancement of stent technology, second-generation DES have emerged with improved efficacy and overall outcome rates compared to BMS and first-generation DES. Some of the newer studies such as EXCEL1-2 , demonstrated noninferiority of second-generation DES to CABG but there are limited studies that support this conclusion. Currently, the studies remain divided in the impact of newer-generation PCIs, and 10-year follow up studies may be required to further validate noninferiority before it can …

Altitude Illness, Kali Hepner

Capstone Showcase

With an increasing number of individuals traveling to high altitudes, it is important to address the risk these individuals face of developing altitude related illnesses. An example of high altitude related illness might be the elevation transition of travelers flying into Denver, Colorado (1,673 m) with the intention to then drive up to Rocky Mountain National Park’s Alpine Visitor Center (3,595 m) in the same day. This poses increased risk of unacclimatized visitors experiencing altitude illness in remote areas of the national park. This poster summarizes the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of altitude illnesses so that clinicians and travelers may …

A Case Of Protein Losing Enteropathy After Fontan Operation, Gina Kim

Capstone Showcase

Protein Losing Enteropathy (PLE) is a condition in which an excessive amount of proteins are lost through the gastrointestinal tract leading to hypoproteinemia and manifesting as edema, ascites, and diarrhea. While in most cases PLE is a treatable disorder with good outcomes, the morbidity and mortality of the disorder is significantly elevated in patients with a history of Fontan surgery–an operation used to palliate patients born with a single ventricle by rerouting venous blood return directly to pulmonary circulation. After failure of first-line therapeutics of diuretics and steroids, this case study explores the successful treatment of a 5-year-old patient with …

Management Of Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency Related To Hypopituitarism, Kellie Jamin

Capstone Showcase

The treatment of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is well-established in childhood but less understood in adults, given the more complex role that growth hormone (GH) assumes in this population. Decreased functionality of the pituitary gland, otherwise known as hypopituitarism, can present with an isolated GHD in adulthood, which may result from a number of factors including neoplasm, ischemia, infection, traumatic injury, or systemic disease. Adult GHD may be definitively diagnosed with a stimulation test, the insulin tolerance test (ITT) being the study of choice. With a positive ITT, the disorder can be treated with growth hormone replacement therapy (GHRT), which …

Robust Meta-Analysis For Large-Scale Genomic Experiments Based On An Empirical Approach, Sinjini Sikdar

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Recent high-throughput technologies have opened avenues for simultaneous analyses of thousands of genes. With the availability of a multitude of public databases, one can easily access multiple genomic study results where each study comprises of significance testing results of thousands of genes. Researchers currently tend to combine this genomic information from these multiple studies in the form of a meta-analysis. As the number of genes involved is very large, the classical meta-analysis approaches need to be updated to acknowledge this large-scale aspect of the data.

METHODS: In this article, we discuss how application of standard theoretical null distributional assumptions …

Construction Of A Repeatable Framework For Prostate Cancer Lesion Binary Semantic Segmentation Using Convolutional Neural Networks, Ian Vincent O. Mirasol, Patricia Angela R. Abu, Rosula Sj Reyes

Department of Information Systems & Computer Science Faculty Publications

Prostate cancer is the 3rd most diagnosed cancer overall. Current screening methods such as the prostate-specific antigen test could result in overdiagonosis and overtreatment while other methods such as a transrectal ultrasonography are invasive. Recent medical advancements have allowed the use of multiparametric MRI — a noninvasive and reliable screening process for prostate cancer. However, assessment would still vary from different professionals introducing subjectivity. While con-volutional neural network has been used in multiple studies to ob-jectively segment prostate lesions, due to the sensitivity of datasets and varying ground-truth established used in these studies, it is not possible to reproduce and …

Theta Burst Brain Stimulation In Painful Diabetic Neuropathy Patients: Investigating Neural Mechanisms, Bhushan Thakkar

Theses and Dissertations

Chronic pain (CP) is a significant contributor to disability and disease burden globally. In 2019, approximately 50.2 million adults (20.4% of the US population) experienced chronic pain, contributing to $560-635 billion in direct medical costs. In addition, the worldwide prevalence of diabetes mellitus has reached epidemic proportions and is set to increase to 629 million by 2045. Almost 50% of patients with diabetes present with diabetic neuropathy (DN), and one in five patients with diabetes presents with painful DN (pDN) which is the most common cause of neuropathic pain (NP) in the US. Symptomatic treatment is the mainstay of management …

The Perspectives Of Augmentative And Alternative Communication Experts On The Clinical Integration Of Non-Invasive Brain-Computer Interfaces, Kevin Pitt, Miechelle L. Mckelvey, Kristy Weissling

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications

As brain-computer interface for augmentative and alternative communication access (BCI-AAC) development continues to consider avenues for translation into the clinical setting, the perspectives of clinician experts in AAC should be considered. Therefore, 11 USA-based speech-language pathologists who are experts in AAC completed a semistructured interview along with Likert scale measures to assess their perspectives on BCI-AAC. The interviews and scales explored the potential impact of BCI-AAC, along with barriers and solutions to BCI-AAC implementation. Speech-language pathologists estimated that 1.5% to 50% of their caseload may benefit from BCI-AAC across various settings. Further, identified barriers and solutions included (a) BCI-AAC implementation …

Promotion Of Early Recognition Of Depression To Improve Health Related Quality Of Life In Pediatric Oncology Patients, Jennifer Blankenship

DNP Projects

Background: Depression and anxiety are serious complications of cancer and deemed a challenging diagnosis due to the symptoms of depression mimicking common side effects of chemotherapy and radiation. Signs/symptoms frequently are underrecognized thus appropriate treatment is delayed, compromising the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for pediatric oncology patients.

Purpose: Analyze existing physician and Advanced Practice Provider (APP) clinical practice regarding depression, via a pre- and post-survey and educational PowerPoint on the use of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC) to promote early recognition of depression.

Methods: A prospective, single-arm, study was completed in the Kentucky Children’s …

Identification Of Adhd And Comorbid Disorders In Children: The Potential Role Of Minority Group Membership, Rachel H. Tayler

Dissertations and Theses

Identification of ADHD and Comorbid Disorders in Children: The potential role of minority group membership

by

Rachel Tayler, MSc, MA

Advisor: Sarah O’Neill, PhD

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) affects six million US children. Females, Latinx, and possibly Black children have lower rates of diagnosis than their Male and White non-Latinx peers. ADHD is behaviorally defined, and as such, clinicians' perceptions of symptoms and determination of diagnoses may be influenced by demographic factors such as race, ethnicity and sex.

This vignette study examined whether clinicians' implicit ethnic, racial, and sex biases affect diagnosis of ADHD and comorbid conditions. Psychiatry trainees and pediatricians …