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Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment Commons™

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Edith Cowan University

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Articles 1 - 30 of 122

Full-Text Articles in Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment

An International Multidisciplinary Consensus Statement On Laparoscopic Liver Biopsy, Si Yi Lei, Yu Han, Don C. Rockey, Khalid Alswat, Vincent Wai Sun Wong, Nozim Jumaev, Carlos Jesus Toro-Huamanchumo, Safwan Taha, Mohamed El-Kassas, Jacob George, Mark Muthiah, Omar Ghanem, Masato Yoneda, Dao Viet Hang, Giada Sebastiani, George Papatheodoridis, Adam Abu-Abeid, Andrew G. Robertson, Sang Hyun Kim, Rudolf Weiner, Kamal Mahawar, Asim Shabbir, Mohammad Kermansaravi, Reynu Rajan, Yosuke Seki, Halit Eren Taskin, Scott Shikora, Edward Oliveros, Chetan Parmar, Qiuye Cheng, Omar Thaher, Elena Ruiz-Úcar, Rodolfo Oviedo, Rui Ribeiro, Mario Musella, Almino C. Ramos, Seung-Wan Ryu, Tamer Abdelbaki, Wei Jei Lee, Man Pan Chan, Jose Eduardo Garcia Flores, James Skinovsky, Ahmad Madkhali, Sylvia Weiner, Frank Tacke, Wah Yang, James Neuberger, Ming-Hua Zheng Jun 2026

An International Multidisciplinary Consensus Statement On Laparoscopic Liver Biopsy, Si Yi Lei, Yu Han, Don C. Rockey, Khalid Alswat, Vincent Wai Sun Wong, Nozim Jumaev, Carlos Jesus Toro-Huamanchumo, Safwan Taha, Mohamed El-Kassas, Jacob George, Mark Muthiah, Omar Ghanem, Masato Yoneda, Dao Viet Hang, Giada Sebastiani, George Papatheodoridis, Adam Abu-Abeid, Andrew G. Robertson, Sang Hyun Kim, Rudolf Weiner, Kamal Mahawar, Asim Shabbir, Mohammad Kermansaravi, Reynu Rajan, Yosuke Seki, Halit Eren Taskin, Scott Shikora, Edward Oliveros, Chetan Parmar, Qiuye Cheng, Omar Thaher, Elena Ruiz-Úcar, Rodolfo Oviedo, Rui Ribeiro, Mario Musella, Almino C. Ramos, Seung-Wan Ryu, Tamer Abdelbaki, Wei Jei Lee, Man Pan Chan, Jose Eduardo Garcia Flores, James Skinovsky, Ahmad Madkhali, Sylvia Weiner, Frank Tacke, Wah Yang, James Neuberger, Ming-Hua Zheng

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Laparoscopic liver biopsy (LLB) provides a way to obtain liver tissue samples under direct visual inspection of the liver surface. It complements percutaneous liver biopsy (PLB) for complex or high-risk cases where PLB cannot be performed. Clinical practices for LLB vary across centers due to the lack of international standards. To improve the procedural quality and diagnostic efficiency of LLB, a multidisciplinary panel of 45 international experts from 6 continents, including hepatology, hepatobiliary surgery, gastrointestinal surgery, and metabolic and bariatric surgery, developed this consensus statement through three rounds of a modified Delphi process. This consensus covers clinical application scenarios, high-risk …

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Shape-Based Profiling Of Cortical Bone Mineral Density In Growing Children: A Proof-Of-Concept Pqct Study, Anna Maria Markarian, R. Taaffe, Daniel Galvão, Jodie Cochrane Wilkie, Carolyn J. Peddle-Mcintyre, Daniel J. Schiferl, Robert U. Newton Jun 2026

Shape-Based Profiling Of Cortical Bone Mineral Density In Growing Children: A Proof-Of-Concept Pqct Study, Anna Maria Markarian, R. Taaffe, Daniel Galvão, Jodie Cochrane Wilkie, Carolyn J. Peddle-Mcintyre, Daniel J. Schiferl, Robert U. Newton

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Understanding how bones adapt during growth is essential for promoting lifelong skeletal health. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) is a widely used imaging technique for assessing volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) in pediatric populations; however, conventional methods may obscure subtle cortical adaptations. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of shape-based cortical vBMD profiling, with an exploratory objective of assessing its sensitivity to inter-individual variation in lean mass index (LMI). Methods: Eighteen children (6–12 years) underwent pQCT scanning at the 38% and 66% tibial sites (distal and proximal diaphysis). Cortical vBMD was quantified across three …

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Automated Abdominal Aortic Calcification And Trabecular Bone Score Independently Predict Incident Fracture During Routine Osteoporosis Screening, Abadi K. Gebre, Marc Sim, Syed Zulqarnain Gilani, Afsah Saleem, Cassandra Smith, Didier Hans, Siobhan Reid, Barret A. Monchka, Douglas Kimelman, Mohammad Jafari Jozani, John T. Schousboe, Joshua R. Lewis, William D. Leslie, Joshua R. Lewis Mar 2026

Automated Abdominal Aortic Calcification And Trabecular Bone Score Independently Predict Incident Fracture During Routine Osteoporosis Screening, Abadi K. Gebre, Marc Sim, Syed Zulqarnain Gilani, Afsah Saleem, Cassandra Smith, Didier Hans, Siobhan Reid, Barret A. Monchka, Douglas Kimelman, Mohammad Jafari Jozani, John T. Schousboe, Joshua R. Lewis, William D. Leslie, Joshua R. Lewis

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC), a marker of subclinical cardiovascular disease, has previously shown to be associated with low BMD and fracture. However, it remains unclear whether AAC is associated with trabecular bone score (TBS), a gray-level textural measure, or whether it predicts fracture risk independent of this measure. Here, we examined the cross-sectional association of AAC scored using a validated machine learning algorithm (ML-AAC24) with TBS, and their simultaneous associations with incident fractures in 7691 individuals (93.4% women) through the Manitoba BMD Registry (mean age 75.3 yr). The association between ML-AAC24 and TBS was tested using generalized linear regression. Cox …

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Mass Cytometry Workflow To Achieve High-Dimensional Immunophenotyping In Resource-Limited Or Decentralized Environments, Natalie Smith, Michael Cohen, Lauren Tracey, Julie Alipaz, Christina Loh, David King, Neha Pulyani, Rebecca Auzins, Elin Gray, Sandra Taylor, Rajat Rai, Steven Kao, Barbara Fazekas De St Groth, Helen Mcguire Mar 2026

Mass Cytometry Workflow To Achieve High-Dimensional Immunophenotyping In Resource-Limited Or Decentralized Environments, Natalie Smith, Michael Cohen, Lauren Tracey, Julie Alipaz, Christina Loh, David King, Neha Pulyani, Rebecca Auzins, Elin Gray, Sandra Taylor, Rajat Rai, Steven Kao, Barbara Fazekas De St Groth, Helen Mcguire

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Globally, regional and remote communities are burdened by both an increased prevalence and worse prognosis of many infectious and chronic diseases. However, largely owing to logistical challenges, these communities are under-represented in clinical trials and research studies. As individuals from rural communities experience unique environmental exposures and risk factors for disease, immune phenotyping data collected from metropolitan populations may not be broadly generalizable. To address this, we present a workflow that enables the inclusion of resource-limited sites in high-parameter mass cytometry studies. In this approach, whole blood (WB) or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are collected, stained fresh for surface …

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Automated Abdominal Aortic Calcification Scores And Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease In The Uk Biobank Imaging Study, Marc Sim, James Webster, Cassandra Smith, Afsah Saleem, Syed Zulqarnain Gilani, Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo, David Suter, Gemma Figtree, Anne Karine Lagendijk, Emma L. Duncan, Carl Schultz, Pawel Szulc, Joseph Hung, Wai H. Lim, Parminder Raina, Nicola P. Bondonno, Richard Woodman, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Douglas P. Kiel, Richard L. Prince, William D. Leslie, John P. Kemp, Nicholas C. Harvey, John T. Schousboe, Joshua R. Lewis Mar 2026

Automated Abdominal Aortic Calcification Scores And Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease In The Uk Biobank Imaging Study, Marc Sim, James Webster, Cassandra Smith, Afsah Saleem, Syed Zulqarnain Gilani, Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo, David Suter, Gemma Figtree, Anne Karine Lagendijk, Emma L. Duncan, Carl Schultz, Pawel Szulc, Joseph Hung, Wai H. Lim, Parminder Raina, Nicola P. Bondonno, Richard Woodman, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Douglas P. Kiel, Richard L. Prince, William D. Leslie, John P. Kemp, Nicholas C. Harvey, John T. Schousboe, Joshua R. Lewis

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) is a subclinical measure of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). AAC can be captured on lateral spine images obtained from bone density machines during routine osteoporosis screening. Identifying individuals with AAC provides a new opportunity to prevent disease progression. Objectives: The aim of the study was to externally validate a machine learning-derived AAC 24-point algorithm (ML-AAC24) with incident ASCVD. Methods: Middle-aged individuals from the UK Biobank Imaging Study with lateral spine images, obtained via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, were included. ML-AAC24 scores were grouped as low (<2), moderate (2 to <6), and high (≥6). Linked health records were used to identify ASCVD-associated events, including hospitalizations and death. Results: Among 53,611 participants (52% female; mean age 65 years), 78.2% had low, 16.4% had moderate, and 5.4% had high ML-AAC24. After excluding people with prevalent ASCVD or missing data, 1,163 (2.3%) of 50,923 people had an incident ASCVD event over a median follow-up of 4.1 [3.0-5.5] years. In age- and sex-adjusted analysis, compared to those with low ML-AAC24, those with moderate (HR: 1.80 [95% CI: 1.57-2.08]) and high ML-AAC24 (HR: 2.87 [95% CI: 2.39-3.44]) had a higher HR for incident ASCVD. Results remained comparable after adjustment for established ASCVD risk factors. Consistent patterns were observed when considering incident coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Conclusions: Assessing ML-AAC24 on lateral spine images offers a new and promising screening method to identify people with higher risk of incident ASVD events.

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Pediatric Pqct-Derived Tibial Bone Mineral Density Estimates: A Systematic Review And Meta-Regression, Anna Maria Markarian, Dennis R. Taaffe, Daniel A. Galvão, Jodie Cochrane Wilkie, Carolyn J. Peddle-Mcintyre, Mark Markarian, Daniel J. Schiferl, Robert U. Newton Feb 2026

Pediatric Pqct-Derived Tibial Bone Mineral Density Estimates: A Systematic Review And Meta-Regression, Anna Maria Markarian, Dennis R. Taaffe, Daniel A. Galvão, Jodie Cochrane Wilkie, Carolyn J. Peddle-Mcintyre, Mark Markarian, Daniel J. Schiferl, Robert U. Newton

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Assessing bone mineral density (BMD) in children and adolescents is essential for detecting skeletal deficits and fracture risk. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) has gained increasing attention as a valuable imaging tool due to its ability to assess bone quality. Unlike dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, pQCT provides volumetric BMD measurements and distinguishes between cortical and trabecular compartments. Despite these advantages, its clinical adoption remains limited due to the lack of reference data and standardized protocols. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science from inception to November 2024. Studies reporting pQCT-derived tibial BMD …

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A Mass Cytometry-Based Blood Cell Phenotyping Workflow Enabling Inclusion Of Resource-Limited And Rural Sites In Immune System Studies, Natalie J. Smith, Michael Cohen, Lauren Tracey, Julie Alipaz, Christina Loh, David King, Neha Pulyani, Rebecca Auzins, Elin Gray, Sandra Taylor, Rajat Rai, Steven Kao, Barbara Fazekas De St Groth, Helen M. Mcguire Jan 2026

A Mass Cytometry-Based Blood Cell Phenotyping Workflow Enabling Inclusion Of Resource-Limited And Rural Sites In Immune System Studies, Natalie J. Smith, Michael Cohen, Lauren Tracey, Julie Alipaz, Christina Loh, David King, Neha Pulyani, Rebecca Auzins, Elin Gray, Sandra Taylor, Rajat Rai, Steven Kao, Barbara Fazekas De St Groth, Helen M. Mcguire

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Insight into disease detection and treatment through comprehensive immune phenotyping relies on the generation of high-quality data. However, the execution of robust immune monitoring in clinical trials by flow cytometry is complex due to logistical challenges in sample preparation and reagent stability. These challenges are exacerbated when considering remote and rural communities in Australia, which are burdened by both an increased prevalence and a worse prognosis of many chronic and infectious pathologies. This is not unique to the Australian context as globally remote and rural communities are underrepresented in biomedical research studies, contributing to persistent health inequities. To address these …

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Thermoregulation And Associated Disorders: 3pm-Guided Holistic Approach Bridging Innovative And Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhuo Wang, Liu, Yueqiang Xu, Weijie Cao, Youxin Wang, Haifeng Hou, Xiuhua Guo, Olga Golubnitschaja, Wei Wang, Yuguang Du, Suboptimal Health Study Consortium, European Association For Predictive, Preventive, Personalised Medicine Jan 2026

Thermoregulation And Associated Disorders: 3pm-Guided Holistic Approach Bridging Innovative And Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhuo Wang, Liu, Yueqiang Xu, Weijie Cao, Youxin Wang, Haifeng Hou, Xiuhua Guo, Olga Golubnitschaja, Wei Wang, Yuguang Du, Suboptimal Health Study Consortium, European Association For Predictive, Preventive, Personalised Medicine

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Accurately performed thermoregulation is life-important for the human body. Therefore, a relatively narrow temperature range of 36.5–37 °C, which all our biochemical reactions are adapted to, is rigorously kept by the body allowing for the most effective kinetics of all physiological processes. In contrast, feeling inappropriately cold or too hot in the environment with comfortable temperature ranges are symptoms of an altered or even disordered thermoregulation described for a number of syndromes as well as patient cohorts. The rationale of the paper is to contribute to the paradigm shift from reactive to proactive healthcare considering thermoregulation deficits as an important …

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Advances In Survival Analyses: Machine Learning Methods And Model Comparison, Ryan Gately, Dharshana Sabanayagam, Wai H. Lim, Lin Zhu, Farzaneh Boroumand, Shuvo Bakar, Armando Teixeira-Pinto, Germaine Wong Jan 2026

Advances In Survival Analyses: Machine Learning Methods And Model Comparison, Ryan Gately, Dharshana Sabanayagam, Wai H. Lim, Lin Zhu, Farzaneh Boroumand, Shuvo Bakar, Armando Teixeira-Pinto, Germaine Wong

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This is the second article in a 2-part series on survival analysis. In part 1, we discussed the core concepts and traditional methods used in survival analysis. Part 2 explores the novel approaches to predict survival outcomes and evaluate model performance. To facilitate hands-on learning and practical implementation, the R code used in these analyses is provided in the supplementary materials, along with instructions to help readers apply these methods to their data.

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Ratio Quantification Of Geranium And Rose Essential Oil Mixtures Via Leep Learning Analysis Of Complex Raman Spectra, Jia Wei Tang, Yong Xuan Hong, Jie Chen, Yun Yun Xie, Zhang Wen Ma, Qing Hua Liu, Liang Wang Dec 2025

Ratio Quantification Of Geranium And Rose Essential Oil Mixtures Via Leep Learning Analysis Of Complex Raman Spectra, Jia Wei Tang, Yong Xuan Hong, Jie Chen, Yun Yun Xie, Zhang Wen Ma, Qing Hua Liu, Liang Wang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Due to their high economic value, essential oils (EOs) are increasingly subject to adulteration, posing significant challenges for quality assessment and control. Owing to its excellent molecular specificity, Raman spectroscopy has been widely employed for the analysis and evaluation of EO products. In this study, we collected a total of 2700 Raman spectra comprising rose essential oil (REO, n = 900), geranium essential oil (GEO, n = 900), and their mixtures (n = 900). We first constructed a conventional convolutional neural network to distinguish spectra corresponding to varying EO mixing ratios. Interpretability analysis revealed that spectral peaks at 800, 1000, …

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Ceftriaxone Use Evaluation At The Medical Ward, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital In Bhutan: A Retrospective Analytical Study, Kezang Tshering, Mongal Singh Gurung, Sonam Wangda, Pelden Chejor Dec 2025

Ceftriaxone Use Evaluation At The Medical Ward, Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital In Bhutan: A Retrospective Analytical Study, Kezang Tshering, Mongal Singh Gurung, Sonam Wangda, Pelden Chejor

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objectives Ceftriaxone is the most commonly prescribed cephalosporin antibiotic in hospital settings. The overall prescribing compliance with the national antibiotic guidelines remained unassessed at Jigme Dorji Wangchuk National Referral Hospital (JDWNRH), Bhutan. Methods A retrospective analytical study was conducted by evaluating the medical records of patients who received ceftriaxone between January and December 2020 in the Medical Ward, JDWNRH. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 26. Results A total of 201 (17.82%) patients, with a mean age of 54.83 years (SD ± 20.93), received ceftriaxone, and pneumonia (49.25%) was the most frequently documented indication. …

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Muscle Imaging Assessments In Sarcopenia: A Statement From China National Center For Orthopedics (Nco) And The East Meets West Action Group Of The European Calcified Tissue Society (Ects), Ling Wang, Shuai Lu, Jiahua Feng, Kairui Ma, Fangfang Duan, Renxian Wang, Xiaoguang Cheng, Yajun Liu, Yuuki Imai, Hailing Chen, Claus C. Glüer, Giuseppe Guglielmi, Annegreet G. Vlug, Jianmin Liu, Klaus Engelke, Mei Li, Marc Sim, Salvatore Minisola, Xieyuan Jiang Dec 2025

Muscle Imaging Assessments In Sarcopenia: A Statement From China National Center For Orthopedics (Nco) And The East Meets West Action Group Of The European Calcified Tissue Society (Ects), Ling Wang, Shuai Lu, Jiahua Feng, Kairui Ma, Fangfang Duan, Renxian Wang, Xiaoguang Cheng, Yajun Liu, Yuuki Imai, Hailing Chen, Claus C. Glüer, Giuseppe Guglielmi, Annegreet G. Vlug, Jianmin Liu, Klaus Engelke, Mei Li, Marc Sim, Salvatore Minisola, Xieyuan Jiang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Sarcopenia, characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass, strength, and function, significantly impacts patient outcomes. Accurate assessment of muscle mass is essential for its diagnosis. Currently the agreement on how to use imaging for sarcopenia detection is still debated and how well the muscle imaging assessments correlate with muscle function needs further agreement. Recognizing the critical role of imaging in this process, the China National Center for Orthopedics (NCO) and the East Meets West Action Group of European Calcified Tissue Society (ECTS) convened a working group endorsed by the Board of the ECTS. This paper aims to evaluate the utility …

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Safety Of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis In Patients With Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices: A Systematic Review, Leonardo J. Uribe-Cavero, Fabian A. Chavez-Ecos, Kiara Camacho-Caballero, José Carlos Grados-Pintos, Patricia Vera-Maccha, Anthony Siguas-Huasasquiche, Dinesh Sharma, Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo Dec 2025

Safety Of Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis In Patients With Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices: A Systematic Review, Leonardo J. Uribe-Cavero, Fabian A. Chavez-Ecos, Kiara Camacho-Caballero, José Carlos Grados-Pintos, Patricia Vera-Maccha, Anthony Siguas-Huasasquiche, Dinesh Sharma, Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is widely used to assess body composition. However, its safety in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) remains uncertain owing to potential electromagnetic interference (EMI). Objective This study aimed to evaluate potential complications associated with clinical-grade BIA use in patients with CIEDs, based on currently available evidence. Methods We conducted a systematic review of studies published up to December 26, 2024, identified through PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. The primary outcome was the occurrence of adverse events, including EMI, device malfunction, or arrhythmias. Results Of 3668 records, 6 cohort studies (n = …

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Artificial Intelligence To Detect Developmental Dysplasia Of Hip: A Systematic Review, Suketu Bhavsar, Bhanu B. Gowda, Maulini Bhavsar, Sanjay Patole, Shripada Rao, Chandra Rath Nov 2025

Artificial Intelligence To Detect Developmental Dysplasia Of Hip: A Systematic Review, Suketu Bhavsar, Bhanu B. Gowda, Maulini Bhavsar, Sanjay Patole, Shripada Rao, Chandra Rath

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Aim: Deep learning (DL), a branch of artificial intelligence (AI), has been applied to diagnose developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) on pelvic radiographs and ultrasound (US) images. This technology can potentially assist in early screening, enable timely intervention and improve cost-effectiveness. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the DL algorithm in detecting DDH. Methods: PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, EMCARE, the clinicaltrials.gov (clinical trial registry), IEEE Xplore and Cochrane Library databases were searched in October 2024. Prospective and retrospective cohort studies that included children (< 16 years) at risk of or suspected to have DDH and reported hip ultrasonography (US) or X-ray images using AI were included. A review was conducted using the guidelines of the Cochrane Collaboration Diagnostic Test Accuracy Working Group. Risk of bias was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. Results: Twenty-three studies met inclusion criteria, with 15 (n = 8315) evaluating DDH on US images and eight (n = 7091) on pelvic radiographs. The area under the curve of the included studies ranged from 0.80 to 0.99 for pelvic radiographs and 0.90–0.99 for US images. Sensitivity and specificity for detecting DDH on radiographs ranged from 92.86% to 100% and 95.65% to 99.82%, respectively. For US images, sensitivity ranged from 86.54% to 100% and specificity from 62.5% to 100%. Conclusion: AI demonstrated comparable effectiveness to physicians in detecting DDH. However, limited evaluation on external datasets restricts its generalisability. Further research incorporating diverse datasets and real-world applications is needed to assess its broader clinical impact on DDH diagnosis.

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Clinician-Led Development And Feasibility Of A Neural Network For Assessing 3d Dental Cavity Preparations Assisted By Conversational Ai, Mohammed El-Hakim, Haitham Khaled, Amr Fawzy, Robert Anthonappa Nov 2025

Clinician-Led Development And Feasibility Of A Neural Network For Assessing 3d Dental Cavity Preparations Assisted By Conversational Ai, Mohammed El-Hakim, Haitham Khaled, Amr Fawzy, Robert Anthonappa

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: Artificial intelligence is emerging in dental education, but its use in preclinical assessment remains limited. Large language models like ChatGPT® V4.5 enable non-programmers to build AI models through real-time guidance, addressing the coding barrier. Aim: This study aims to empower clinician-led, low-cost, AI-driven assessment models in preclinical restorative dentistry and to evaluate the technical feasibility of using a neural network to score 3D cavity preparations. Methods: Twenty mandibular molars (tooth 46), each with two carious lesions, were prepared and scored by two expert examiners using a 20-point rubric. The teeth were scanned with a Medit i700® and …

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Rapid Discrimination Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis And Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria Disease Via Interpretive Machine Learning Analysis Of Routine Laboratory Tests, Jia Wei Tang, Xue Song Xiong, Ting Ting Huang, Yu Lu Zhang, Lin Fei Yao, Wen Wen Zhang, Yun Yun Xie, Quan Fa Liang, Zhi Xuan Tan, Kun Jiang, Xin Liu, Liang Wang Oct 2025

Rapid Discrimination Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis And Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria Disease Via Interpretive Machine Learning Analysis Of Routine Laboratory Tests, Jia Wei Tang, Xue Song Xiong, Ting Ting Huang, Yu Lu Zhang, Lin Fei Yao, Wen Wen Zhang, Yun Yun Xie, Quan Fa Liang, Zhi Xuan Tan, Kun Jiang, Xin Liu, Liang Wang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objectives Rapid discrimination of infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is crucial in clinical settings. Despite overlapping clinical and radiological features, the two require markedly different therapeutic approaches and public health responses. Current laboratory methods are time-consuming and complex, underscoring the urgent need for a simple and efficient diagnostic tool to inform public health decision-making. Methods Demographic, haematological and biochemical data were collected from two hospitals in Jiangsu province, China, between December 2018 and October 2024. A total of 400 patients were included in the training cohort, with 66 patients used for external validation. Six machine …

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Automated Instance Segmentation And Registration Of Spinal Vertebrae From Ct-Scans With An Improved 3d U-Net Neural Network And Corner Point Registration, James Hill, Muhammad Rizwan Khokher, Chuong Nguyen, Matt Adcock, Ron Li, Stuart Anderson, Thomas Morrell, Tim Diprose, Olivier Salvado, Dadong Wang, Guan K. Tay Sep 2025

Automated Instance Segmentation And Registration Of Spinal Vertebrae From Ct-Scans With An Improved 3d U-Net Neural Network And Corner Point Registration, James Hill, Muhammad Rizwan Khokher, Chuong Nguyen, Matt Adcock, Ron Li, Stuart Anderson, Thomas Morrell, Tim Diprose, Olivier Salvado, Dadong Wang, Guan K. Tay

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This paper presents a rapid and robust approach for 3D volumetric segmentation, labelling, and registration of human spinal vertebrae from CT scans using an optimised and improved 3D U-Net neural network architecture. The network is designed by incorporating residual and dense interconnections, followed by an extensive evaluation of different network setups by optimising the network components like activation functions, optimisers, and pooling operations. In addition, the network architecture is optimised for varying numbers of convolution layers per block and U-Net levels with fixed and cascading numbers of filters. For 3D virtual reality visualisation, the segmentation output of the improved 3D …

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Discordance Of Small Dense Ldl Cholesterol Beyond Ldl Cholesterol Or Non–Hdl Cholesterol And Carotid Plaque, Jinqi Wang, Xiaoyu Zhao, Yanchen Zhao, Rui Jin, Yunfei Li, Jiahe Wang, Yueruijing Liu, Zhiyuan Wu, Xiuhua Guo, Lixin Tao Aug 2025

Discordance Of Small Dense Ldl Cholesterol Beyond Ldl Cholesterol Or Non–Hdl Cholesterol And Carotid Plaque, Jinqi Wang, Xiaoyu Zhao, Yanchen Zhao, Rui Jin, Yunfei Li, Jiahe Wang, Yueruijing Liu, Zhiyuan Wu, Xiuhua Guo, Lixin Tao

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Different low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles exhibit distinct proatherogenic properties. Objectives: This study sought to evaluate associations of small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C), large buoyant low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (lbLDL-C), sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio, and sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C ratio with carotid plaque (CP) risk in the general population, and to perform discordance analyses to determine which biomarker better reflects CP risk beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C). Methods: This study enrolled 20,369 participants from Beijing Health Management Cohort. Discordant sdLDL-C, lbLDL-C, or ratio metrics (sdLDL-C/LDL-C and sdLDL-C/lbLDL-C) relative to LDL-C or non-HDL-C, and discordant ratio metrics relative to sdLDL-C, were …

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Evaluation Of The Wound Healing And Anti-Microbial Activity Of Hydroethanolic Extracts Of Young And Old Leaves Of Vernonia Amygdalina Delile, Du-Bois Asante, Christian Kweku Adokoh, Elvis Ofori Ameyaw, Desmond Omane Acheampong, Ebenezer Afrifa-Yamoah, Precious Barnes, Gideon Agyeah, Ruben Phillips, Julie Sartori Jun 2025

Evaluation Of The Wound Healing And Anti-Microbial Activity Of Hydroethanolic Extracts Of Young And Old Leaves Of Vernonia Amygdalina Delile, Du-Bois Asante, Christian Kweku Adokoh, Elvis Ofori Ameyaw, Desmond Omane Acheampong, Ebenezer Afrifa-Yamoah, Precious Barnes, Gideon Agyeah, Ruben Phillips, Julie Sartori

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Vernonia amygdalina Delile (VA) has been reported as an important herb for the management of wound in traditional medical settings. However, the evaluation of the wound healing and antimicrobial effect of the young and old leaves of VA is lacking. Objective This study sought to determine the cutaneous wound healing and in vitro anti-microbial activities of the young and old leaf extracts of VA. Methods Mineral elements that aid in wound healing and vitamin C levels were evaluated in the young and old leaves of VA. Phytochemical analysis of the hydroethanolic leaf extracts of the young leaves (HEthYL) and …

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A Scoping Review On The Integration Of Artificial Intelligence In Point-Of-Care Ultrasound: Current Clinical Applications, Junu Kim, Sandhya Maranna, Caterina Watson, Nayana Parange Jun 2025

A Scoping Review On The Integration Of Artificial Intelligence In Point-Of-Care Ultrasound: Current Clinical Applications, Junu Kim, Sandhya Maranna, Caterina Watson, Nayana Parange

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is used increasingly in point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS). However, the true role, utility, advantages, and limitations of AI tools in POCUS have been poorly understood. Aim: to conduct a scoping review on the current literature of AI in POCUS to identify (1) how AI is being applied in POCUS, and (2) how AI in POCUS could be utilized in clinical settings. Methods: The review followed the JBI scoping review methodology. A search strategy was conducted in Medline, Embase, Emcare, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and AI POCUS manufacturer websites. Selection criteria, evidence screening, and selection were …

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Pre-Amplification Of Cell-Free Dna: Balancing Amplification Errors With Enhanced Sensitivity, Wei Yen Chan, Ashleigh Stewart, Russell J. Diefenbach, Elin S. Gray, Jenny H. Lee, Richard A. Scolyer, Georgina V. Long, Helen Rizos Jun 2025

Pre-Amplification Of Cell-Free Dna: Balancing Amplification Errors With Enhanced Sensitivity, Wei Yen Chan, Ashleigh Stewart, Russell J. Diefenbach, Elin S. Gray, Jenny H. Lee, Richard A. Scolyer, Georgina V. Long, Helen Rizos

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is a promising biomarker for personalised oncology. However, its clinical utility is limited by detection sensitivity, particularly in early-stage disease. T-Oligo Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction (TOP-PCR) is a commercial amplification approach utilising an efficient “half-adapter” ligation design and a single-primer-based PCR strategy. This study evaluated the clinical value and application of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) pre-amplification. cfDNA amplification with TOP-PCR preserved DNA size profiles and resulted in a 22 bp size increase due to the half-adaptor ligation. Gene target amplification rates varied, showing lower efficiency for the GC-rich TERT promoter amplicon and higher efficiency for the BRAF …

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Efficacy And Safety Of Moxibustion For Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Shun Chen, Weiting Liu, Changhao Liang, Hanjiang Liu, Pei Wang, Qinwei Fu May 2025

Efficacy And Safety Of Moxibustion For Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Shun Chen, Weiting Liu, Changhao Liang, Hanjiang Liu, Pei Wang, Qinwei Fu

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background and purpose: Although several reviews have examined moxibustion for knee osteoarthritis (KOA), they have some methodological limitations. This systematic review aims to synthesize current evidence on various moxibustion interventions for KOA pain relief. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search across seven databases up to June 2024. The Cochrane risk of bias tool (ROB2) was used to assess the risk of bias, and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criterion approach was employed to evaluate the certainty of evidence for primary outcomes. Primary outcomes included Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), …

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Does Acupuncture At Motor-Related Acupoints Affect Corticospinal Excitability? A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Renming Liu, Aung Aung Kywe Moe, Weiting Liu, Maryam Zoghi, Shapour Jaberzadeh Mar 2025

Does Acupuncture At Motor-Related Acupoints Affect Corticospinal Excitability? A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Renming Liu, Aung Aung Kywe Moe, Weiting Liu, Maryam Zoghi, Shapour Jaberzadeh

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Acupuncture is widely used in modulating brain excitability and motor function, as a form of complementary and alternative medicine. However, there is no existing meta-analysis evaluating the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture on corticospinal excitability (CSE), and the credibility of the evidence has yet to be quantified. Objective: This study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture (EA) and manual acupuncture (MA) in enhancing brain excitability, specifically focusing on CSE as measured by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Search strategy: This study followed a systematic approach, searching 9 databases up to August 2024 and examining grey literature, …

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Four Overlooked Errors In Roc Analysis: How To Prevent And Avoid, Zhuoqiao He, Qingying Zhang, Manshu Song, Xuerui Tan, Wei Wang Jan 2025

Four Overlooked Errors In Roc Analysis: How To Prevent And Avoid, Zhuoqiao He, Qingying Zhang, Manshu Song, Xuerui Tan, Wei Wang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Diagnostic tests are frequently applied within clinical practice to assist with disease diagnosis, differential diagnosis, disease grading and prognosis evaluation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis is one common approach for analysing discriminative performance of a diagnostic test, where it can determine the optimal cut-off value with the best diagnostic performance.1 However, as a majority of clinicians are non-statisticians, several errors have been observed in clinical research when applying ROC curves. These errors may be misleading in the selection of diagnostic tests and disease diagnosis, thus adding to patient burden. To address these errors, clinicians do not need a …

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Optimal Bag Valve Mask Ventilation Efficacy Of Smart Bag Ventilation Compared To Traditional Adult And Paediatric Bag Valve Ventilation During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Ian Dawson Jan 2025

Optimal Bag Valve Mask Ventilation Efficacy Of Smart Bag Ventilation Compared To Traditional Adult And Paediatric Bag Valve Ventilation During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Ian Dawson

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Background: Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA) is one of the world’s leading causes of mortality. Survival rates are low, ranging from 3.1–20.4% internationally. The most effective oxygenation method for patients during pre-hospital cardiac arrest is ventilating using a self- inflating Bag-Valve-Mask (BVM). Yet, extensive research has identified a lack of compliance with ventilator guidelines during OHCA cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). As a result, clinicians often ventilate patients too aggressively using the BVM, delivering breaths excessively higher than the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) recommended rate of 10 breaths per minute (BPM). Hyperventilation can lead to complications such as aspiration, barotrauma, and …

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Cobotic Ultrasound Systems In Obstetric Assessment: A Scoping Review, Caterina Watson, Leisa Armstrong, David Cook, T. M.Shahriar Sazzad, Nayana Parange Jan 2025

Cobotic Ultrasound Systems In Obstetric Assessment: A Scoping Review, Caterina Watson, Leisa Armstrong, David Cook, T. M.Shahriar Sazzad, Nayana Parange

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Surgical subspecialties have successfully combined robotic technology with traditional practices. In doing so, they have benefited from increased precision in techniques, reduced incidence of surgical complications, and reduced MSK disorders. This scoping review aims to examine the extent of cobotics in obstetric ultrasound. The review was conducted using the JBI PRISMA protocol to map the topic of robotics in obstetric ultrasound. Teleoperated remote ultrasound formed the largest combined clinical cohort of 67 patients. Limitations of the 20-week scan concerned incomplete visualization of fetal structures. These included cavum septi pellucidi, cardiac outflow tracts, kidneys, lips and spine. Third trimester scans omitted …

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Rapid Diagnosis Of Bacterial Vaginosis Using Machine-Learning-Assisted Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Of Human Vaginal Fluids, Xin Ru Wen, Jia Wei Tang, Jie Chen, Hui Min Chen, Muhammad Usman, Quan Yuan, Yu Rong Tang, Yu Dong Zhang, Hui Jin Chen, Liang Wang Jan 2025

Rapid Diagnosis Of Bacterial Vaginosis Using Machine-Learning-Assisted Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Of Human Vaginal Fluids, Xin Ru Wen, Jia Wei Tang, Jie Chen, Hui Min Chen, Muhammad Usman, Quan Yuan, Yu Rong Tang, Yu Dong Zhang, Hui Jin Chen, Liang Wang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is an abnormal gynecological condition caused by the overgrowth of specific bacteria in the vagina. This study aims to develop a novel method for BV detection by integrating surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with machine learning (ML) algorithms. Vaginal fluid samples were classified as BV positive or BV negative using the BVBlue Test and clinical microscopy, followed by SERS spectral acquisition to construct the data set. Preliminary SERS spectral analysis revealed notable disparities in characteristic peak features. Multiple ML models were constructed and optimized, with the convolutional neural network (CNN) model achieving the highest prediction accuracy at 99%. …

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Application Of Additive Manufacturing In The Development Of Polymeric Bioresorbable Cardiovascular Stents: A Review, Farhana Yasmin, Ana Vafadar, Majid Tolouei-Rad Jan 2025

Application Of Additive Manufacturing In The Development Of Polymeric Bioresorbable Cardiovascular Stents: A Review, Farhana Yasmin, Ana Vafadar, Majid Tolouei-Rad

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Polymeric vascular bioresorbable stents (BRSs) have been widely used for the treatment of coronary artery diseases. While additive manufacturing (AM) is changing the landscape of the healthcare sector by enabling the realization of patient-specific stents with highly complex structures. There are, however, challenges associated with the use of polymeric BRS, particularly in-stent restenosis (ISR), related to its poor mechanical properties. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide an overview of recent advancements in the development of polymeric BRSs designed to meet both mechanical and biological requirements. First, biopolymers as well as shape memory polymers (SMPs) that are suitable …

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Can Quantitative Sensory Testing Predict Treatment Outcomes In Hip And Knee Osteoarthritis? A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Individual Participant Data, Myles C. Murphy, Andrea Mosler, Ebonie K. Rio, Molly Coventry, Isaac Selva Raj, Paola T. Chivers, Lars Arendt-Nielsen, Fabio Marcon Alfieri, Martin F. Bjurström, Dennis Boye Larsen, Wei Ju Chang, Anne Estrup Olesen, Emma Hertel, Paetur Mikal Holm, Thomas Graven-Nielsen, Cid André Fidelis De Paula Gomes, Marius Henriksen, N. Jennifer Klinedinst, Jerin Mathew, Asbjørn Mohr Drewes, Guilherme S. Nunes, Helen O'Leary, Håvard Østerås, Ozgul Ozturk, Miklos Pozsgai, Érika Patrcia Rampazo Jan 2025

Can Quantitative Sensory Testing Predict Treatment Outcomes In Hip And Knee Osteoarthritis? A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Individual Participant Data, Myles C. Murphy, Andrea Mosler, Ebonie K. Rio, Molly Coventry, Isaac Selva Raj, Paola T. Chivers, Lars Arendt-Nielsen, Fabio Marcon Alfieri, Martin F. Bjurström, Dennis Boye Larsen, Wei Ju Chang, Anne Estrup Olesen, Emma Hertel, Paetur Mikal Holm, Thomas Graven-Nielsen, Cid André Fidelis De Paula Gomes, Marius Henriksen, N. Jennifer Klinedinst, Jerin Mathew, Asbjørn Mohr Drewes, Guilherme S. Nunes, Helen O'Leary, Håvard Østerås, Ozgul Ozturk, Miklos Pozsgai, Érika Patrcia Rampazo

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

An individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis can assess the predictive value of data on outcomes at the individual level, offering a potential tool for developing personalized pain management. Pretreatment quantitative sensory testing (QST) may stratify patient groups, which are then linked to treatment outcomes. Our objective was to determine if measures of QST at baseline are related to treatment outcomes (at any time point) for pain and disability in lower-limb osteoarthritis. We performed a systematic review with an IPD meta-analysis. Searches were conducted in 9 databases until May 5, 2023 for intervention studies that measured baseline QST and longitudinal measures …

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Feasibility Of Conducting A Randomized Controlled Trial To Explore The Muscular Influence Of Post-Operative Intravenous Iron Treatment For Anaemia After Major Abdominal Surgery, Beth Maclean, Robert U. Newton, Jayne Lim, Toby Richards Jan 2025

Feasibility Of Conducting A Randomized Controlled Trial To Explore The Muscular Influence Of Post-Operative Intravenous Iron Treatment For Anaemia After Major Abdominal Surgery, Beth Maclean, Robert U. Newton, Jayne Lim, Toby Richards

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background and Objectives: Iron deficiency anaemia is common in patients recovering from major surgery and is associated with poorer post-operative outcomes. We designed a randomized controlled trial treating post-operative anaemia with iron therapy to observe the influence on post-operative recovery. Materials and Methods: Anaemic patients (haemoglobin [Hb] < 120 g/L for women, Hb < 130 g/L for men) recovering from major abdominal surgery at Fiona Stanley Hospital were recruited. Patients were double-blind randomized 1:1 to ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) or saline administered 4 weeks post-discharge and included in a 12-week exercise programme. Iron indices, quality of life (QoL) questionnaires and muscle function tests were conducted at 4 weeks (baseline), 8-, 12- and 16-weeks post-discharge. This pilot study primarily aimed to assess the feasibility of recruiting 20 patients per intervention arm. Trial registration: ACTRN12622001447741. Results: Of 205 eligible patients screened between 5 May 2023 and 31 August 2023, only four patients were recruited, of which one completed the study. After randomization to FCM, results obtained from the sole participant that completed the trial suggested a trend towards improvement in QoL outcomes, Hb and muscle function. Conclusion: Recruitment to a randomized controlled trial exploring the influence of iron therapy on muscle function after major abdominal surgery was not feasible.

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