Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Impact Of Covid-19 On Mental Health In Pakistan, Hajira Baig

International Programs

The main objective of this investigation is to demonstrate the adverse effects of COVID-19 on the mental health of health care providers, COVID-19 patients, and students in Pakistan.

Resilience And Its Associated Factors In Head And Neck Cancer Patients In Pakistan: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study, Nida Zahid, Wajeeha Zahid, Wardah Khalid, Syed Iqbal Azam, Mubasher Ikram, Aneesa Hassan, Haissan Iftikhar, Shireen Shehzad Bhamani, Adnan Jabbar, Shabbir Akhtar, Moghira Siddiqui, Mohammad Sohail Awan, Nargis Asad, Khabir Ahmad

Department of Surgery Docs

Introduction: The study aimed to assess resilience and its associated factors in head and neck cancer patients, post-treatment in a low middle income country (LMIC) such as Pakistan.
Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2019 to May 2020 among head and neck cancer patients aged at least 18 years at the largest private tertiary care hospital, in Karachi, Pakistan. Information regarding their resilience scores was collected through Wagnild and Young's Resilience scale that comprises of 14 items (RS-14). Moreover, depression and anxiety were also assessed via Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and social support was assessed …

A Literature Review: What Mental Health Challenges Are Experienced By First-Generation Latino Immigrant And Refugee Families Entering The U.S.?, Hunnaan M. Khan

Theses and Graduate Projects

It is believed that people leave their homeland and come to America for better opportunities, freedom, safety, or second chances at life. As of 2021, Latino’s account for Americas largest minority population however measures to support their communities medically and socially have fallen short. The downfalls of misunderstanding the traumas experienced in their homelands, accounting for premigration, during migration, and postmigration stressors, and systemic issues that fall short in providing culturally sensitive care creates room for mental health challenges to accumulate. Cases of traumas experienced in homelands, cultural implications, the controversies, and difficulties of being held in detention centers, challenges …

Pilot Testing A Survey Instrument To Evaluate Eaat Professionals' Views On The Effects Of Equine-Assisted Activities And Therapies On Hope And Depression In Court-Involved Youth, Emily Stewart

Animal Science Undergraduate Honors Theses

Equine Assisted Activity and Therapy (EAAT) programs have proven beneficial for individuals with mental, physical and psychological ailments. Only in the last few years have court systems begun to utilize the complex nature of the human-horse relationship to benefit the lives of court-involved youth. Despite its novelty, the few existing studies in this field yield positive results (Frederick et al., 2015). To address the need for further research in this area, a pilot study was conducted. An exploratory survey was given to EAAT professionals to determine their views on the effects of EAAT programs on hope and depression in court-involved …

Preclinical Behavioral Assessment Of Chronic, Intermittent Low-Dose Psilocybin In Rodent Models Of Depression And Anxiety, Harmony I. Risca

Dissertations

Recent studies have demonstrated the clinical efficacy of psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy for treatment-resistant depression and anxiety. Amidst the overall success of recent clinical trials using a single high dose of psilocybin, anecdotal reports indicate anxiolytic and antidepressant effects following a repeated low dose regimen. As therapeutic outcomes are often tightly intertwined with the individual’s subjective experience, animal models are used as objective measures to investigate the underlying mechanisms responsible for the putative antidepressant/anxiolytic effects of psychedelics. Three rodent models predictive of anxiolytic or antidepressant effects were used to evaluate effects of chronic intermittent low dose (CILD) psilocybin treatment; the Light/Dark conflict …

The Effectiveness Of Spiritual Intervention In Overcoming Anxiety And Depression Problems In Gynecological Cancer Patients, Lina Anisa Nasution, Yati Afiyanti, Wiwit Kurniawati

Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia

Anxiety and depression are psychological distress that often occurs in gynecological cancer patients. However, there are few studies related to interventions to overcome these problems. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a spiritual intervention on anxiety and depression in such cancer patients. The research design was quasi-experimental, employing pretest and posttest on the intervention and the control groups. The total number of respondents was 108 patients, consisting of 54 in each group. The instrument used in the study was the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The spiritual intervention consisted of four sessions, namely an …

Associations Between Physiological Biomarkers And Psychosocial Measures Of Pregnancy-Specific Anxiety And Depression With Support Intervention, Karen L Weis, Tony T Yuan, Katherine C Walker, Thomas F Gibbons, Wenyaw Chan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Stress and anxiety significantly impact the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, and in pregnancy, the subsequent maternal-fetal response can lead to poor outcomes. The objective of this study was to assess the association between psychosocial measures of pregnancy-specific anxiety and physiologic inflammatory responses. Specifically, to determine the effectiveness of the Mentors Offering Maternal Support (M-O-M-S

Effects Of Cod Liver Oil On Brain Antioxidant Level And Neuronal Count In Wistar Rat Model Of Comorbid Depression, Dimple Shet

Faculty work

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Depression, Anxiety And Stress In Graduate Nursing Students, Rachel Dunston

Dissertations

Mental health issues are growing in the United States. Postgraduate school is widely known to increase the level of psychological difficulties (Dyrbye et al., 2006) experienced by students. There is a need to address mental health care in graduate nursing students. This project was a descriptive observational comparison pre-post-intervention design used to see if online modes of delivery would aid in decreasing mental health issues for nursing graduate students. Participants were provided with access to three podcasts and encouraged to use the Sanvello mobile application provided to all students at this university. The first podcast focused on using the Sanvello …

Impact Of Social Isolation In Hiv-Positive Individuals During A Pandemic, Corina Jane Bakoylis

Dissertations

Problem: The global pandemic of COVID-19 caused concern for immunocompromised individuals. The purpose of this quality improvement initiative was to assess the impact of social isolation on feelings of loneliness, depression, and social isolation experiences in HIV-positive individuals residing in a long-term care facility.

Methods: A mixed-method convergent design with a purposeful sample of HIV-positive adult residents residing in a long-term care facility was utilized. An evaluation of loneliness using the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale (Version 3) and depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) were completed. Personal experiences were also assessed with five predetermined open-ended …

Momhealth: A Feasibility Study Of A Multibehavioral Health Intervention For Pregnant And Parenting Adolescent Mothers., Karen A. Wambach, Ann M. Davis, Eve Lynn Nelson, Kelli Snow, Annie Yungmeyer, Rachel Muzzy, Karman Romero, Megan Murray

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Introduction: In 2016, 209,809 babies were born to mothers 15 - 19 years of age, for a live birth rate of 20.3 per 1,000 in this age group. Many health issues surround adolescent mothers and their infants, many of which can be addressed through behavioral change. The main purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility, acceptability, usability, and relevance of momHealth, an innovative multiple health behavior change (MHBC) education and support mHealth intervention, focused on breastfeeding, healthy eating and active living, and depression prevention among pregnant and parenting adolescents. We also evaluated the proposed online surveys and physical …

Mental Health Concerns Of Frontline Registered Nurses Associated With The Covid-19 Pandemic, Julie Ingle

Dissertations

Problem

COVID-19 caused local healthcare facilities to admit patients with COVID-19 at increasing rates, critically overloading healthcare system resources. Caregiver-related stress associated with the COVID-19 pandemic placed frontline registered nurses (RNs) at risk for mental health consequences (Havlioglu & Demir, 2020; Shechter et al.,2020).

Methods

This quality improvement project used a descriptive design to administer a collection of validated instruments assessing anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and demographics. A purposive sample of RNs were recruited from the COVID-19 units in a local hospital, and the survey was distributed via email.

Results

During the implementation period (April 4, 2021-May 15, …

Mental Health Effects Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Older Adults, Elizabeth Kerr

Dissertations

Problem: Significant psychological effects such as anxiety, depression, stress, and loneliness are shown to affect the older adult population, aged 65 years and older. The social isolation and disconnectedness related to the COVID-19 pandemic potentially worsens anxious and depressive feelings, increasing the risk for adverse outcomes in the high-risk older adult population. This project aimed to identify older adults at risk for acute, situational mental health issues associated with the pandemic.

Methods: A descriptive study design was used. Telephone interviews were conducted to explore effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health responses in older adults. A convenience sample …

Current State Of Scientific Evidence On Internet-Based Interventions For The Treatment Of Depression, Anxiety, Eating Disorders And Substance Abuse: An Overview Of Systematic Reviews And Meta-Analyses, C Barr Taylor, Andrea K Graham, Rachael E Flatt, Karin Waldherr, Ellen E Fitzsimmons-Craft

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: ICare represents a consortium of European Investigators examining the effects of online mental health care for a variety of common mental health disorders provided in a variety of settings. This article provides an overview of the evidence of effectiveness for Internet-based treatment for four common mental health disorders that are the focus of much of this work: depression, anxiety, substance abuse and eating disorders.

METHODS: The overview focused primarily on systematic reviews and meta-analyses identified through PubMed (Ovid) and other databases and published in English. Given the large number of reviews specific to depression, anxiety, substance abuse and/or eating …

Does Feminine Gender Role Stress Moderate The Relationship Between Disordered Eating And Depression?, Paige Nichols

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the moderating effect of feminine gender role stress on disordered eating behaviors and depression. It was hypothesized that feminine gender role stress would significantly moderate the relationship between disordered eating and depression, such that disordered eating behaviors would be more strongly associated with depression when FGRS total and subscale scores were high. These hypotheses were tested by surveying a sample of 334 university students (mean age = 20.54 years), all of whom were cisgender women. Participants completed self-report measures including the Eating Attitudes Test-26, Beck Depression Inventory, Feminine Gender Role Stress Scale, …

Neuroinflammation & Mood Disorders, Andrea Zanders

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

The world of mental health treatment is evolving as more information is discovered about its multifaceted pathophysiology. This poster takes a glimpse at one of these factors: the role of neuroinflammation in mood disorders. Above normal levels of inflammation are found in patient’s suffering from depression and bipolar disorder. Elevated inflammation has significant negative effects on the brain that as a result cause dysregulation in mood. Mental health treatments that have been found to effectively address neuroinflammation include nutritional and exercise interventions. The progression of neuroinflammation research in mood disorders gives a positive outlook for patient outcomes as individuals continue …

Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Anxiety And Depression Among Advanced Maternal Age Pregnancy, Kotchakorn Jeeratunyasakul, Chutima Roomruangwong

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Advanced maternal age is associated with increased rate of various obstetrics risks. Nowadays, there is increasing prevalence of advanced maternal age in Thailand. However, there is still lack of study in anxiety and depression among this group of pregnant women. Objectives: To examine the prevalence of anxiety and depression as well as associated factors among women with advanced maternal age pregnancy Methods: We recruited 124 pregnant women age  35 years old who were in their third trimester (gestational age  28 weeks) of pregnancy. The subjects were asked to rate: The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI Form Y) - …

Reciprocal Control Of Obesity And Anxiety-Depressive Disorder Via A Gaba And Serotonin Neural Circuit, Guobin Xia, Yong Han, Fantao Meng, Yanlin He, Dollada Srisai, Monica Farias, Minghao Dang, Richard D Palmiter, Yong Xu, Qi Wu

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

The high comorbidity between obesity and mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety, often exacerbates metabolic and neurological symptoms significantly. However, neural mechanisms that underlie reciprocal control of feeding and mental states are largely elusive. Here we report that melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) neurons located in the dorsal bed nucleus of the stria terminus (dBNST) engage in the regulation of mentally associated weight gain by receiving GABAergic projections from hypothalamic AgRP neurons onto α5-containing GABA

Testing The Multi-Theory Model (Mtm) To Predict The Use Of New Technology For Social Connectedness In The Covid-19 Pandemic, Manoj Sharma, Kavita Batra, Jason Flatt

Environmental & Global Health Faculty Research

Loneliness or social isolation, recently described as a “behavioral epidemic,” remains a long-standing public health issue, which has worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of technology has been suggested to enhance social connectedness and to decrease the negative health outcomes associated with social isolation. However, till today, no theory-based studies were performed to examine the determinants of technology use. Therefore, the current study aims to test theory-based determinants in explaining the adoption of new technology in a nationally representative sample during the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 382). A psychometrically reliable and valid instrument based on the multi-theory model (MTM) …

What Internal Variables Affect Sensorimotor Rhythm Brain-Computer Interface (Smr-Bci) Performance?, Alex J. Horowitz, Christoph Guger, Milena Korostenskaja

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

In this review article, we aimed to create a summary of the effects of internal variables on the performance of sensorimotor rhythm-based brain computer interfaces (SMR-BCIs). SMR-BCIs can be potentially used for interfacing between the brain and devices, bypassing usual central nervous system output, such as muscle activity. The careful consideration of internal factors, affecting SMR-BCI performance, can maximize BCI application in both healthy and disabled people. Internal variables may be generalized as descriptors of the processes mainly dependent on the BCI user and/or originating within the user. The current review aimed to critically evaluate and summarize the currently accumulated …

Coping With Medical School: An Interpretive Phenomenological Study, Sebastian C K Shaw, John L. Anderson

The Qualitative Report

Anecdotal evidence suggested that hopelessness and helplessness (HH) were often reported by undergraduate medical students. It is known that medical students are more susceptible to high levels of stress and depression than other student groups. There is currently concern about suicide rates in students and high drop-out rates in junior doctors. But what can be said of HH within this population? This study was aimed at eliciting medical students’ experiences of HH. An interpretive phenomenological approach was adopted. Participants were recruited from a single medical school. Loosely structured, audio-recorded interviews were carried out. Recordings were then transcribed verbatim, then underwent …

Association Between Stroke Health Literacy And Insurance With Stroke Severity And Post-Stroke Depression, Callista Clairmont, Amelia Adcock, Lea Colantonio

Mountaineer Undergraduate Research Review

Health literacy and insurance are important aspects of healthcare, yet few studies assess the roles that each play in relation to strokes. The purpose of this study is to better understand the relationship that stroke health literacy and insurance coverage have on the development of post-stroke outcomes such as post-stroke depression and stroke severity. In this study, 47 patients receiving inpatient care for acute ischemic stroke were given a modified version of the Stroke Knowledge Test in order to assess their understanding of strokes. Stroke severity and depression levels were also measured using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale …

Prevalence And Factors Associated With Common Mental Disorders In Young People Living With Hiv In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review, Ezra K. Too, Amina Abubakar, Carophine Nasambu, Hans M. Koot, Pim Cuijpers, Charles Rjc Newton, Moses K. Nyongesa

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Introduction: Common mental disorders (CMDs) particularly depression and anxiety, are highly comorbid with HIV also in young people living with HIV (YLWH). In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where most YLWH reside, there are limited summary data on CMDs among these youths, yet there are previous systematic reviews summarizing data on CMDs among adults living with HIV. We conducted a systematic literature review on the prevalence and correlates of CMDs among YLWH, aged 10 to 24 years, from SSA.

Methods: We searched African Index Medicus, African Journals Online and five other electronic databases (from database inception up to 31 December …

Increasing Depression Screening And Treatment, Emma De Louw, Md, Michael Danielewicz, Md, Michael Haines, Md, Molly Allanoff, Md, Elizabeth Clark, Md, Michael Bozzi, Md, Natalie Antosh, Md, Catherine Guariglia, Md, Yael Horvath, Md

Health Equity and Quality Improvement (HEQI) Summit

Aims for Improvement

• Increase response to depression advisory in EHR from 39% (January 2021) to 60% or greater (March 2021)
• Increase referrals to behavioral health from baseline of 39/month (January 2021) by 25% (March 2021)

Reducing Stress, Anxiety, And Depression For Nicu Parents, Amy Patton, Kylie Dunavan, Kyla Key, Steffani Takahashi, Kathryn Tenner, Megan Wilson

Master of Occupational Therapy Student Critically Appraised Topics

This project aims to appraise evidence of the effectiveness of various practices on reducing stress, anxiety, and depression among parents of infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The project contains six research articles from both national and international journals. Study designs include one meta-analysis, one randomized controlled trial, one small scale randomized controlled trial, one prospective phase lag cohort study, on pretest-posttest study, and one mixed-methods pretest-posttest study. Recommendations for effective interventions were based on best evidence discovered through quality appraisal and study outcomes. All interventions, except for educational programs and Kangaroo Care, resulted in a statistically significant …

Patient Activation, Depressive Symptoms, And Self-Rated Health: Care Management Intervention Effects Among High-Need, Medically Complex Adults, Cynthia F. Corbett Phd, Rn, Faan, Kenn B. Daratha, Sterling Mcpherson, Crystal L. Smith, Michael S. Wiser, Brenda K. Vogrig, Sean M. Murphy, Roy Cantu, Dennis G. Dyck

Publications

The purpose of this randomized controlled trial (n = 268) at a Federally Qualified Health Center was to evaluate the outcomes of a care management intervention versus an attention control telephone intervention on changes in patient activation, depressive symptoms and self-rated health among a population of high-need, medically complex adults. Both groups had similar, statistically significant improvements in patient activation and self-rated health. Both groups had significant reductions in depressive symptoms over time; however, the group who received the care management intervention had greater reductions in depressive symptoms. Participants in both study groups who had more depressive symptoms had lower …

The Disproportionate Impact Of Covid-19 On Women, Ava Stallone

Honors Scholar Theses

The impact of COVID-19 is placing a large strain on women. This can be seen through reports of mental health and financial concerns. Women are more vulnerable to COVID-19 related economic effects due to existing gender inequalities, which in turn may also have a negative effect on mental health. Through this study gender disproportion is looked at between mental health and COVID-19 financial concerns among women and men. The aim is to asses how COVID-19 financial concerns may be contributing to stress, anxiety, and depression. It is hypothesized that; women will report worse mental health and greater economic concerns than …

Gaming Disorder And Well-Being Among Emirati College Women, Marina Verlinden, Justin Thomas, Mahra Hasan Abdulla Ahamed Almansoori, Shamil Wanigaratne

All Works

Background: The present study examined Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) and depressive symptom levels among a predominantly female sample of college students from the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods: IGD was assessed among two successive cohorts of students at the beginning of the academic year in 2016 and 2019, respectively. All participants (n = 412) completed the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale – Short-Form (IGDS9-SF) and the WHO-5 Well-being Index (WHO-5), a tool widely used for the screening and assessment of depressive symptomatology. Results: Mean IGDS9-SF scores (15.85, SD = 6.40) were fairly similar to those observed in other nations. The prevalence …

Transitioning From Onsite To Online Psychotherapy Visits During The Covid-19 Crisis, Michael Angello Negron, Dnp

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

Background: On March 19, 2020, the governor of the State of California, Gavin Newsom, issued executive stay-at-home order due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic (State of California, 2020). In a private psychiatric practice in southern California treating patients with anxiety and depression, psychotherapy treatment was abruptly affected by that order. The purpose of this project was to transition from onsite to online psychotherapy visits to ensure the continuity of care and facilitate patients’ progress in dealing with mental illnesses during the COVID-19 crisis.

Aims: The proposed solution to the problem of decreased access to care during the pandemic was …

Music As A Gateway To Healing Speech Disorders And Mental Health Holistically In The Patient With Aphasia: A Literature Review, Susan Warren

Expressive Therapies Capstone Theses

People with some types of post-stroke aphasia often experience depression as well as loss of speech. Music therapy has unique properties that allow it to be used therapeutically to treat both speech impairment and depression yet it is rarely used to treat both disorders. This literature review seeks to examine the underlying causes for this discrepancy, review methods used by practitioners to treat both disorders and suggest future directions for additional research and implications for the treatment of patients with aphasia who have both language impairment and depression.