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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Validity Of Das Perfectionism And Need For Approval In Relation To The Five-Factor Model Of Personality, David M. Dunkley, Charles A. Sanislow, Carlos M. Grilo, Thomas H. Mcglashan Oct 2004

Validity Of Das Perfectionism And Need For Approval In Relation To The Five-Factor Model Of Personality, David M. Dunkley, Charles A. Sanislow, Carlos M. Grilo, Thomas H. Mcglashan

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

This study examined the validity of the perfectionism and need for approval scales of the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS; Weissman & Beck, 1978) by locating these measures within a comprehensive framework of personality, provided by the revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R; Costa & McCrae, 1992), in a clinical sample (N ¼ 132). The results indicated that: (1) DAS perfectionism reflects the self-critical aspects of the broader perfectionism construct rather than the active achievement striving aspects; (2) DAS need for approval generally lacks an association with positive interpersonal traits and shares much in common with DAS perfectionism; and (3) with shared …


Attachment And Depression Differentially Influence Nicotine Dependence Among Male And Female Undergraduates: A Preliminary Study, Dennis E. Mcchargue, Lee M. Cohen, Jessica W. Cook Aug 2004

Attachment And Depression Differentially Influence Nicotine Dependence Among Male And Female Undergraduates: A Preliminary Study, Dennis E. Mcchargue, Lee M. Cohen, Jessica W. Cook

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The authors surveyed a convenience sample of 208 undergraduate students who reported that they smoked cigarettes. The primary hypothesis they tested was whether gender predicted nicotine dependence. They further tested whether depression and attachment would mediate or moderate this relationship. Hierarchical regression analyses with social desirability and smoking stage of change entered as covariates indicated that women exhibited greater nicotine dependence than men did (p < .01). Lower attachment scores fully mediated this relationship, whereas elevated depression scores moderated the relationship. These findings suggest that depression and the inability to bond with peers may promote nicotine dependence among young female students.


Introduction Of Healing Touch Into An Established Torture Treatment Center: A Graduate Field Project, Kathleen Mccullough-Zander Jul 2004

Introduction Of Healing Touch Into An Established Torture Treatment Center: A Graduate Field Project, Kathleen Mccullough-Zander

Theses and Graduate Projects

Healing Touch, an energetic treatment modality developed by nurses, was introduced into an established torture treatment center with the goal of decreasing torture-related symptoms and increasing survivors' overall sense of well-being and health. Three methods of evaluation were used to determine if the project goal had been met. The first project objective of showing a decrease in participants' reported feelings of anxiety and depression was not achieved. The second project objective of demonstrating a reduction in participant's reported levels of pain was achieved with statistically significant results. The third project objective of obtaining statements of recognition of the therapy as …


Spousal Congruence On Disability, Pain, And Spouse Responses To Pain, Annmarie Cano, Ayna B. Johansen, Michael Geisser Jun 2004

Spousal Congruence On Disability, Pain, And Spouse Responses To Pain, Annmarie Cano, Ayna B. Johansen, Michael Geisser

Psychology Faculty Research Publications

We examined congruence between chronic pain patients and their spouses on their reports of patient pain severity, patient disability, and spouse responses to pain. Patients reported that they were more physically and psychosocially disabled than their spouses reported them to be. However, spouses reported that the patients’ pain was more severe than patients reported. Depressive disorders in the patient and gender interacted with patient–spouse ratings. For physical and psychosocial disability, depressed patient couples reported significantly larger differences in disability ratings than nondepressed patient couples. In addition, female patients’ disability was rated as more severe by the female patients than by …


Correlates Of Depression In Young Adult Caregivers, Mark Gillen May 2004

Correlates Of Depression In Young Adult Caregivers, Mark Gillen

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This research examined depression in young adult caregivers. It was hypothesized that levels of depression in 18 to 40 year olds who provided care to older adult family members would be similar to depression levels of middle age adult caregivers. This study also examined the relationship between depression, gender, employment, physical health, and relationships. Participants included 172 young adult caregivers that were employees of one of three mid-west universities or colleges. All employees in the young adult age range were contacted and provided with a survey packet. The survey included the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and predictor …


Spontaneous Recovery From Depression In Women: A Qualitative Study Of Vulnerabilities, Strengths And Resources, S Naeem, Badar Sabir Ali, A Iqbal, S Mubeen, A Gul Feb 2004

Spontaneous Recovery From Depression In Women: A Qualitative Study Of Vulnerabilities, Strengths And Resources, S Naeem, Badar Sabir Ali, A Iqbal, S Mubeen, A Gul

Department of Psychiatry

Objective: To gain insight into the perceived vulnerability and restitution factors for anxiety/or depression.Methods: Focus group discussion of seven married women recovered spontaneously from anxiety and/or depression, belonging to a lower middle class semi-urban community of Karachi.Results: Poverty, unemployment, abuse and on going difficulties were perceived as risk factors for depression. A reliable social support system, positive thinking approach, faith, prayers, and experiencing a "turning point" event were reported as factors that promoted recovery from anxiety and/or depression.CONCLUSION: Individual vulnerabilities, strengths and resources can have an important role in recovery from anxiety and/or depression in women.


Serotonin Transporter And Gaba(A) Alpha 6 Receptor Variants Are Associated With Neuroticism, Srijan Sen, Sandra Villafuerte, Randolph Nesse, Scott F. Stoltenberg, Jeffrey Hopcian, Lillian Gleiberman, Alan Weder, Margit Burmeister, University Of Michigan - Ann Arbor Feb 2004

Serotonin Transporter And Gaba(A) Alpha 6 Receptor Variants Are Associated With Neuroticism, Srijan Sen, Sandra Villafuerte, Randolph Nesse, Scott F. Stoltenberg, Jeffrey Hopcian, Lillian Gleiberman, Alan Weder, Margit Burmeister, University Of Michigan - Ann Arbor

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Background: A tendency to experience negative affect, as measured by the neuroticism component of the Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness Personality Inventory (NEO-PI), is a trait marker for major depression. Epidemiologic studies indicate a strong genetic component, but to date few specific genetic variants have been definitively implicated. A serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) has been extensively studied in neuroticism and several psychiatric disorders, with inconclusive results. A GABA(A) receptor α6 subunit variant (Pro385Ser) has been associated with alcohol-related traits but has not been studied in neuroticism or depression.
Methods: A total of 384 subjects who completed the NEO-PI were genotyped …


Marital Functioning, Chronic Pain, And Psychological Distress, Annmarie Cano, Mazy Gillis, Wanda Heinz, Michael Geisser, Heather Foran Jan 2004

Marital Functioning, Chronic Pain, And Psychological Distress, Annmarie Cano, Mazy Gillis, Wanda Heinz, Michael Geisser, Heather Foran

Psychology Faculty Research Publications

This study examined whether marital functioning variables related uniquely to psychological distress and diagnoses of depressive disorder independent of pain severity and physical disability. Participants were 110 chronic musculoskeletal pain patients. Hierarchical regression results showed that marital variables (i.e. marital satisfaction, negative spouse responses to pain) contributed significantly to depressive and anxiety symptoms over and above the effects of pain severity and physical disability. In contrast, marital variables were not significantly related to diagnoses of depressive disorder (i.e. major depression, dysthymia, or both) after controlling for pain variables. In multivariate analyses, physical disability and marital satisfaction were uniquely related to …


Exercise And Depression, Amy Gustafson Jan 2004

Exercise And Depression, Amy Gustafson

Occupational Therapy Capstones

No abstract provided.


Men's Health And Psychosocial Issues Affecting Men, Sandra Thomas Jan 2004

Men's Health And Psychosocial Issues Affecting Men, Sandra Thomas

Faculty Publications and Other Works -- Nursing

Contemporary scholars are calling on men to rethink "the male deal." As Samuels describes it, "In the male deal, the little boy, at around the age of 3 or 4. strikes a bargain with the social world in which he lives. If he will turn away from soft things, feminine things, maternal things...then the world will reward his gender certainty by giving him all the goodies in its possession." But the "deal" can have damaging effects, as shown in the studies reviewed in this article. Clinicians can help men to rethink the restrictions of the "male deal" so that they …


Men's Health And Psychosocial Issues Affecting Men, Sandra Thomas Jan 2004

Men's Health And Psychosocial Issues Affecting Men, Sandra Thomas

Sandra Thomas

Contemporary scholars are calling on men to rethink "the male deal." As Samuels describes it, "In the male deal, the little boy, at around the age of 3 or 4. strikes a bargain with the social world in which he lives. If he will turn away from soft things, feminine things, maternal things...then the world will reward his gender certainty by giving him all the goodies in its possession." But the "deal" can have damaging effects, as shown in the studies reviewed in this article. Clinicians can help men to rethink the restrictions of the "male deal" so that they …


An Educational Pamphlet Changes Help-Seeking Attitudes For Depression And Suicidality In South Asian Women., D Bhugra, M H. Hicks Dec 2003

An Educational Pamphlet Changes Help-Seeking Attitudes For Depression And Suicidality In South Asian Women., D Bhugra, M H. Hicks

Madelyn Hsiao-Rei Hicks

South Asian women suffer disproportionately high rates of suicide and attempted suicide. Yet few intervention studies on this group have been done. A total of 180 British South Asian women were sampled to pilot test an educational pamphlet about depression and suicidality. After reading the pamphlet, significantly more women assessed themselves as willing to confide in their clinicians, friends, and spouses if they felt depressed or suicidal, rather than not telling anyone. Also, more women reported that they felt that antidepressants were helpful for depression after they read the pamphlet. These changes remained four to six weeks later. The pamphlet …