Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Correlation Between Strain And Weight Status In Infants With A Univentricular Hear, Amulya Buddhavarapu, Mathew Warren, Lori Erickson, Christopher Mathis, Whitney Haas, Daniel Forsha

Posters

Background

Infants with univentricular physiology are at risk of poor weight gain and reduced ventricular function, both of which have been independently associated with worse outcomes. Since nutritional status has been correlated to ventricular function in other populations, we evaluated the relationship between nutritional status and ventricular function including speckle-tracking strain during this period.

Methods

Thirty term infants (median age 55 days, 13 females) with univentricular physiology prior to stage II palliation were included with data obtained at the time of their initial hospital discharge. Ventricular function was quantified using 2D global longitudinal strain (GLS) and strain rate, analyzed from …

Administration Of The Α-Tocopherol For Repairing Testicle Histological Damage In Rats Exposed To Dioxin, Wurlina Wurlina, Imam Mustofa, Dewa Ketut Meles, Sri Mulyati, Desak Ketut Sekar Cempaka Putri, Niluh Suwasanti

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study aims to determine the α-tocopherol effect on repairing histological damage to the testicles of rats exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. The testicle histological damage and repairs were evaluated based on spermatogenic staging changes, seminiferous tubule diameter and the thickness of the epithelium. A total of 100 rats were divided into five groups. The control group (CG) rats only received a placebo. Meanwhile, in treatment groups, rats were exposed to dioxin 700 ng/kg/BW/day and four hours later they received a 0, 77, 140 and 259 α-tocopherol mg/kg/BW/day in the T0, T1, T2 and T3 groups, respectively. Dioxin exposure and α-tocopherol administration …

Does Alcohol Consumption Protect Against Late Dental Implant Failures?, Brian R. Carr, William J. Boggess, John F. Coburn, Peter Rekawek, Sung Kiang Chuang, Neeraj Panchal, Brian P. Ford

School of Dentistry Faculty Publications

Purpose: Social factors have been implicated in the development of peri-implant pathologies, including implant failure. This study aims to investigate whether alcohol consumption affects late dental implant failures. Methods: A retrospective cohort study evaluated implants placed between 2006 and 2012 at the Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center. The primary predictor variable was alcohol consumption, measured as nonconsumption and mild, moderate, and heavy consumption. The primary outcome variable was late dental implant failure. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate statistics were applied, with P <.05 used to define statistical significance. Results: Our cohort consisted of 103 patients and 295 implants with a 5-year minimum follow-up. Most patients were male (93%) with an average age of 60 at the time of implant placement. Late implant failure was associated with 30 implants. Compared to nonconsumption, mild consumption was associated with a 75% decrease in late implant failure (P =.0494), moderate consumption was associated with a 60% decrease (P =.3826), and heavy consumption was associated with a 200% increase (P <.1782). Compared to mild consumption, heavy consumption was associated with an 847% increase in late failure (P =.0135). Conclusions: Results from this retrospective cohort analysis suggest that mild alcohol consumption is associated with a decrease in late dental implant failures.

James Davidson Fawcett (1933–2020): Imbibing With The Kiwi, Louis A. Somma

Papers in Herpetology

An obituary and summary of the life of James D. Fawcett (1933-2020), herpetologist and instructor and professor of Biology at University of Nebraska at Omaha, 1972-2015. Includes bibliography of his works, list of master's theses chaired, and recollections of former students.

Peanut Allergen Reaction Thresholds During Controlled Food Challenges In 2 Canadian Randomized Studies (Canada-Arm1 And Pisces), Derek K. Chu, Joseph L. Baumert, Steve L. Taylor, Julie A. Nordlee, Tina Nham, Jonathan Bramson, Sébastien La Vieille, Michael A. Abbott, Paul Spill, Andrea Marrin, Manel Jordana, Susan Waserman

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

In 2 randomized studies addressing peanut allergy (Canada-Food Allergy Risk Management 1 [NCT01812798] and Peanut Immunotherapy Starting in Canada, Evaluation and DiScovery [NCT0 1601522]), we quantified peanut allergen thresholds to food challenge using Bayesian stacked model averaging to inform policy and clinical practice. About 50% of patients tolerated more than 70 mg (~ ¼ peanut).

Overview Of The Microbiome Among Nurses Study (Micro-N) As An Example Of Prospective Characterization Of The Microbiome Within Cohort Studies, Christine Everett, Chengchen Li, Jeremy E. Wilkinson, Long H. Nguyen, Lauren J. Mciver, Kerry Ivey, Jacques Izard, Natalia Palacios, A. Heather Eliassen, Walter C. Willett, Alberto Ascherio, Qi Sun, Shelley S. Tworoger, Andrew T. Chan, Wendy S. Garrett, Curtis Huttenhower, Eric B. Rimm, Mingyang Song

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

A lack of prospective studies has been a major barrier for assessing the role of the microbiome in human health and disease on a population-wide scale. To address this significant knowledge gap, we have launched a large-scale collection targeting fecal and oral microbiome specimens from 20,000 women within the Nurses’ Health Study II cohort (the Microbiome Among Nurses study, or Micro-N). Leveraging the rich epidemiologic data that have been repeatedly collected from this cohort since 1989; the established biorepository of archived blood, urine, buccal cell, and tumor tissue specimens; the available genetic and biomarker data; the cohort’s ongoing follow-up; and …

Alfaxalone Successfully Immobilizes Small Indian Mongooses (Urva Auropunctata): A Field Report, Caroline C. Sauvé, Yves Rondenay, Are R. Berentsen, Mel J. Rivera-Rodriguez, Patrick A. Leighton

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

We investigated intramuscular administration of alfaxalone (5.3–10.0 mg/kg) as an immobilizing agent in free-ranging small Indian mongooses (Urva auropunctata) on the island of St. Kitts, West Indies. From 5–11 January 2020, we successfully immobilized 10 of 11 mongooses. Alfaxalone provided rapid onset (median = 3 min) of immobilization. Mean duration of immobilization was 16.8 ± 3 min. Mean recovery time was 5.6 ± 1 min. There was no effect of dose administered on induction, anesthesia, or recovery times at the dose range used. We concluded that alfaxalone represents an effective alternative to dissociative agents for the immobilization of free-ranging mongooses. …

Strategic Testing Approaches For Targeted Disease Monitoring Can Be Used To Inform Pandemic Decision-Making, James D. Nichols, Tiffany L. Bogich, Emily Howerton, Ottar N. Bjørnstad, Rebecca K. Borchering, Matthew Ferrari, Murali Haran, Christopher Jewell, Kim M. Pepin, William J.M. Probert, Juliet R.C. Pulliam, Michael C. Runge, Michael Tildesley, Cecile Viboud, Katriona Shea

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

More than 1.6 million Servere Acute Respiratory Syndrome Cronovirus 2(SARS-COV-2)tests were administered daily in the United States at the peak of the epidemic, with a significant focus on individual treatment. Here, we show that objective-driven, strategic sampling designs and analyses can maximize information gain at the population level, which is necessary to increase situational awareness and predict, prepare for, and respond to a pandemic, while also continuing to inform individual treatment. By focusing on specific objectives such as individual treatment or disease prediction and control (e.g., via the collection of population- level statistics to inform lockdown measures or vaccine rollout) …

An Evaluation Of Body-Grip Trap Trigger Configurations For Reducing River Otter Take Incidental To Beaver Trapping, Alec J. Sundelius, Nicholas Forman, Nathan M. Roberts, Shawn T. Rossler, David B. Ruid, Robert C. Willging

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

River otter (Lontra canadensis) populations in North America have been the focus of significant restoration efforts. Wildlife management agencies, concerned about the unintentional take of river otters incidental to beaver (Castor canadensis) trapping, may recommend techniques to avoid capturing river otters. River otter avoidance techniques that are ineffective or diminish trap performance for beavers are undesirable. We conducted a field evaluation in 2015 and 2016 in Wisconsin to assess how two trigger configurations (offset and center) on body-grip traps would affect the incidental capture rate of river otters during beaver trapping. We also evaluated effects of …

Essays On Predictive And Prescriptive Analytics For Risk Monitoring And Population Screening In Healthcare Management, Yan He

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Due to increased aging populations and changes in lifestyles, we have witnessed an increased prevalence of various chronic and acute diseases and a drastic rise in healthcare expenditures in recent years. It is of paramount importance for public health to promote regular screening and close monitoring to detect the early onset of diseases. On the other hand, the increasing availability of healthcare data and advancement in data analytics offer a huge potential to facilitate this goal. We can analyze the vast amount of data and recommend more personalized diagnostic tests after receiving results and signals from screening tests and monitoring …

Are Lumbar Fusion Guidelines Followed? A Survey Of North American Spine Surgeons, Thiago Montenegro, Christopher Elia, Kevin Hines, Zorica Buser, Jefferson Wilson, Zoher Ghogawala, Shekar N Kurpad, Daniel M Sciubba, James Harrop

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of guidelines for lumbar spine fusions among spine surgeons in North America.

METHODS: An anonymous survey was electronically sent to all AO Spine North America members. Survey respondents were asked to indicate their opinion surrounding the suitability of instrumented fusion in a variety of clinical scenarios. Fusion indications in accordance with North America Spine Society (NASS) guidelines for lumbar fusion were considered NASS-concordant answers. Respondents were considered to have a NASS-concordant approach if ≥ 70% (13 of 18) of their answers were NASS-concordant answers. Comparisons were performed using bivariable statistics.

RESULTS: A total of 105 …

Outpatient Antibiotic Handbook, Children's Mercy Kansas City

Clinical Pathways (Formally Known As Care Process Models)

No abstract provided.

Correction To: Factor Structure And Equivalence Of Maternal Resources For Care In Bangladesh, Vietnam, And Ethiopia, Sulochana Basnet, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Phuong Hong Nguyen, Spencer Moore, Mandana Arabi

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Perceptions Of Endocrine Therapy In African-American Breast Cancer Survivors: Mixed Methods Study, Sara Donevant, Sue P. Heiney, Cassandra Wineglass, Benjamin Schooley, Akanksha Singh, Jingxi Sheng

Faculty Publications

Background: Although the incidence of breast cancer is lower in African-American women than in White women, African-American women have a decreased survival rate. The difference in survival rate may stem from poor endocrine therapy adherence, which increases breast cancer recurrence. Therefore, accessible and culturally sensitive interventions to increase endocrine therapy adherence are necessary. Objective: The purpose of this concurrent convergent mixed methods study was to provide further data to guide the development of the proposed culturally sensitive mHealth app, STORY+ for African-American women with breast cancer. Methods: We recruited 20 African-American women diagnosed with estrogen-positive breast cancer and currently prescribed …

N Y State Dent J June-July 2021

The New York State Dental Journal

The New York State Dental Journal (NYSDJ) is produced by the New York State Dental Association (NYSDA) six times a year, in January, March, April, July, September and November. Each issue features clinical and scientific articles written by researchers and practitioners from around the globe and is subject to review by a panel of specialists convened by the Editor.

Issues include cover and feature articles alongside regular columns with regional news impacting the New York membership including editorial and perspectives columns, legal, association activities, component news, continuing education opportunities, and classifieds.

Digital Health Technology In Asthma: A Comprehensive Scoping Review., Giselle Mosnaim, Guilherme Safioti, Randall Brown, Michael Depietro, Stanley J. Szefler, David M. Lang, Jay M. Portnoy, Don A. Bukstein, Leonard B. Bacharier, Rajan K. Merchant

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: A variety of digital intervention approaches have been investigated for asthma therapy during the past decade, with different levels of interactivity and personalization and a range of impacts on different outcome measurements.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of digital interventions in asthma with regard to acceptability and outcomes and evaluate the potential of digital initiatives for monitoring or treating patients with asthma.

METHODS: We evaluated digital interventions using a scoping review methodology through a literature search and review. Of 871 articles identified, 121 were evaluated to explore intervention characteristics, the perception and acceptability of digital interventions to patients and …

Clinical Characterization Of Pediatric Gastroparesis Using A Four-Hour Gastric Emptying Scintigraphy Standard, Sharon Wolfson, Zoe Wilhelm, Antone R Opekun, Robert Orth, Robert J Shulman, Bruno P Chumpitazi

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Objectives: Four-hour gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES) is the recommended method to identify both adult and childhood gastroparesis (GP). Previous pediatric studies have, however, not used this standard. We sought to determine the characteristics and outcomes of children versus adolescents with GP using the 4-hour GES evaluation.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of pediatric patients diagnosed with GP by 4-hour GES (>10% retention at 4 hours). Demographics, body mass index, GP-related symptoms, comorbidities, etiologies, therapies (eg, medications), healthcare utilization, and response to therapy were captured systematically. Symptoms were compared from the initial versus last gastroenterology visit. Outcomes were …

Health-Related Quality Of Life In Parents And Partners Of People With Type 1 Diabetes: Development And Validation Of Type 1 Diabetes And Life (T1dal) Measures, Marisa E Hilliard, Charles G Minard, David G Marrero, Maartje De Wit, Stephanie N Dubose, Alandra Verdejo, Sarah S Jaser, Davida Kruger, Roshanak Monzavi, Viral N Shah, R Paul Wadwa, Ruth S Weinstock, Debbe Thompson, Viena T Cao, Barbara J Anderson

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Introduction: Despite the significant impact of type 1 diabetes (T1D) on family, few instruments are available to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among family members of people with T1D. This study aimed to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of new measures of diabetes-specific HRQOL for parents and partners of people with T1D. We report on the multistep development and validation process for the self-report Type 1 Diabetes and Life (T1DAL) measures, with versions for parents of youth age <8, 8-11, 12-17, and 18-25 years, and for partners of people age ≥18 years with T1D.

Method: First, we conducted qualitative interviews (total parents/partners n = 38) to develop draft measures and piloted them (total n …

Defining Vdr Expression In The Brain Using A Novel Vdrcre Mouse, Hailan Liu, Yang He, Jessie Beck, Silvania Da Silva Teixeira, Keisha Harrison, Yong Xu, Stephanie Sisley

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Vitamin D action has been linked to several diseases regulated by the brain including obesity, diabetes, autism, and Parkinson’s. However, the location of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the brain is not clear due to conflicting reports. We found that two antibodies previously published as specific in peripheral tissues are not specific in the brain. We thus created a new knockin mouse with cre recombinase expression under the control of the endogenous VDR promoter (VDRCre). We demonstrated that the cre activity in the VDRCre mouse brain (as reported by a cre-dependent tdTomato expression) is highly overlapping with endogenous VDR …

Changes In Student Behaviors And Policy Opinion Regarding E-Cigarettes At A Kentucky University From 2014 To 2018, Jason W. Marion, Alina Strand, Elliott Baldridge

EKU Faculty and Staff Scholarship

The behaviors and opinions regarding e-cigarette use and campus policies prohibiting vaping vary greatly among college students nationally. Kentucky is one of the four U.S. states with the highest tobacco use prevalence, and characterizing e-cigarette use, trends and policy opinions among Kentucky undergraduates may inform interventions. To characterize population-level differences in e-cigarette-related behaviors and policy opinions among undergraduates from 2014 to 2018, results from two cross-sectional surveys (2014 and 2018) from a public regional university in south-central Kentucky were analyzed. Students from randomly selected undergraduate general studies courses completed a 5-minute in-class survey. Data were obtained from 514 and 519 …

Synergistic Effects Of Incident Diabetes Between Snoring, Family History Of Diabetes, And Obesity, Yoo-Jeong Jeon, Seung Ku Lee, Jin-Young Kim, Chol Shin

Nursing Faculty Research

Objective: The general public recognizes the connections between obesity, family history of diabetes (FHD), and diabetes, but remains unaware of synergistic effects that occur due to their combination. In this study, we investigate the synergistic effects of event diabetes between snoring, FHD, and obesity. Materials and Methods: Study subjects were selected among participants in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study Ansan- Ansung cohort, an ongoing prospective population-based study. Ansan-Ansung cohort initiated in 2001 and 2002 and has been followed biennially. At baseline, the initial cohort of 10.030 subjects, aged 40 to 69 years. A total of 5.759 participants were included …

Are Kinesiologists Ready To Communicate? Merits Of A Practicum Course On Plain Language Communication, Jafra D. Thomas, Cameron N. Christopher, Winston Kennedy, Bradley J. Cardinal, Caroline N. Smith

Kinesiology and Public Health

The submitted presentation material summarizes a project presented at the 2021 American College of Sports Medicine Virtual Annual Meeting and World Congress on Exercise is Medicine®. The project which the presentation is based on is titled, “Towards Knowledge Translation in Kinesiology: Investigating Barriers and Identifying Opportunities - Part 1.” The uploaded documents consist of the following material: (a) the presentation abstract, and (b) a copy of the e-poster presented at the virtual event. Please follow the social media profiles of Dr. Jafrā Thomas, for timely project updates (e.g., ResearchGate dot net and GoogleScholar dot com). You may find related work …

Mental Health Disorders Among Healthcare Workers During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey From Three Major Hospitals In Kenya, Jasmit Shah, Aliza Monroe-Wise, Zohray Talib, Alphonce Nabiswa, Mohammed Said, Abdulaziz Abeid, Sood Mohamed, Mohamed Ali Mohamed, Sayed Karar

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Background: COVID-19 is an international global health emergency and has posed a great challenge to mental well-being and resilience. Little is known about the mental health impact of COVID-19 among healthcare workers (HCWs) in sub-Saharan Africa or other low-resource settings.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study between August and November 2020 among HCWs recruited from three major hospitals in Kenya. The survey questionnaire consisted of six components: demographic and work title characteristics; information regarding care of patients with COVID-19; and symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, distress and burnout, measured using standardised questionnaires. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed …

Presence Of Orthopedic Residency Decreases Emergency Physician's Confidence In Orthopedic Procedures., Eric Blazar, Bernard Jones, Babak Behgam

Medical Education Articles

INTRODUCTION: At present, there exists no standard orthopedic training for emergency medicine (EM) residency programs. Varying residency environments including but not limited to volume, acuity, and competing residency programs will dictate the number of orthopedic procedures a resident is exposed to, ultimately dictating a graduate's comfort level with orthopedic procedures. Our study set out to investigate further whether training alongside an orthopedic residency affects an attending physician's perceived procedural comfort.

METHODS: This is a cohort study utilizing a 14-question survey distributed to an online community of EM physicians to examine the relationship between training at a residence program alongside orthopedic …

Development Of A Competency Model For Placement And Verification Of Nasogastric And Nasoenteric Feeding Tubes For Adult Hospitalized Patients., Jan Powers, Britta Brown, Beth Lyman, Arlene A Escuro, Lorraine Linford, Kim Gorsuch, Kris M Mogensen, Jessica Engelbrecht, Amanda Chaney, Carol Mcginnis, Beth A Quatrara, Jennifer Leonard, Peggi Guenter

Nursing Publications, Posters, & Presentations

Nasogastric/nasoenteric (NG/NE) feeding tube placements are associated with adverse events and, without proper training, can lead to devastating and significant patient harm related to misplacement. Safe feeding tube placement practices and verification are critical. There are many procedures and techniques for placement and verification; this paper provides an overview and update of techniques to guide practitioners in making clinical decisions. Regardless of placement technique and verification practices employed, it is essential that training and competency are maintained and documented for all clinicians placing NG/NE feeding tubes. This paper has been approved by the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition …

Immunological And Hematological Outcomes Following Protracted Low Dose/Low Dose Rate Ionizing Radiation And Simulated Microgravity, Amber M. Paul, Eliah G. Overbey, Willian A. Da Silveira, Nathaniel Szewczyk, Nina C. Nishiyama, Michael J. Pecaut, Sulekha Anand, Jonathan M. Galazka, Xiao Wen Mao

Publications

Using a ground-based model to simulate spaceflight [21-days of single-housed, hindlimb unloading (HLU) combined with continuous low-dose gamma irradiation (LDR, total dose of 0.04 Gy)], an in-depth survey of the immune and hematological systems of mice at 7-days post-exposure was performed. Collected blood was profiled with a hematology analyzer and spleens were analyzed by whole transcriptome shotgun sequencing (RNA-sequencing). The results revealed negligible differences in immune differentials. However, hematological system analyses of whole blood indicated large disparities in red blood cell differentials and morphology, suggestive of anemia. Murine Reactome networks indicated majority of spleen cells displayed differentially expressed genes (DEG) …

Examining Behavioral Health Services For Louisiana Youth With January 2019 To June 2020 Medicaid Claims Data, Evidence To Practice, Cep Briefs, Sonita Singh, Brian Bumbarger, Kaylin Beiter, Lindsay Simpson, Stephen Phillippi

Policy & Position Papers

No abstract provided.

Impact Of Intratumor Heterogeneity And The Tumor Microenvironment In Shaping Tumor Evolution And Response To Therapy, Akash Mitra

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) is a crucial challenge in cancer treatment. The genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity underlying diverse cancer types leads to subclonal variation, which may result in mixed or failed response to therapy. The heterogeneity at the tumor level, along with the tumor microenvironment (TME), often shapes tumor evolution and ultimately clinical outcome. Given that modern treatment paradigms increasingly expose patients with metastatic disease to multiple treatment modalities through the course of their disease, there exists a need to characterize robust and predictive biomarkers of response to therapy. In order to accurately characterize tumor evolution, we need to account for …

Genome-Wide Association Analysis Of Metabolic Syndrome Quantitative Traits In The Gennid Multiethnic Family Study, Jia Y Wan, Deborah L Goodman, Emileigh L Willems, Alexis R Freedland, Trina M Norden-Krichmar, Stephanie A Santorico, Karen L Edwards

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: to identify genetic associations of quantitative metabolic syndrome (MetS) traits and characterize heterogeneity across ethnic groups.

METHODS: Data was collected from GENetics of Noninsulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus (GENNID), a multiethnic resource of Type 2 diabetic families and included 1520 subjects in 259 African-American, European-American, Japanese-Americans, and Mexican-American families. We focused on eight MetS traits: weight, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, fasting glucose, and insulin. Using genotyped and imputed data from Illumina's Multiethnic array, we conducted genome-wide association analyses with linear mixed models for all ethnicities, except for the smaller Japanese-American group, where we used …

An Assessment Of Outpatient Clinic Room Ventilation Systems And Possible Relationship To Disease Transmission, Kristin G King, George L Delclos, Eric L Brown, Susan Tortolero Emery, Jose Miguel Yamal, Robert J Emery

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: With healthcare shifting to the outpatient setting, this study examined whether outpatient clinics operating in business occupancy settings were conducting procedures in rooms with ventilation rates above, at, or below thresholds defined in the American National Standards Institute/American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers/American Society for Health Care Engineering Standard 170 for Ventilation in Health Care Facilities and whether lower ventilation rates and building characteristics increase the risk of disease transmission.

METHODS: Ventilation rates were measured in 105 outpatient clinic rooms categorized by services rendered. Building characteristics were evaluated as determinants of ventilation rates, and risk of disease …