Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Tet2 Controls The Responses Of Β Cells To Inflammation In Autoimmune Diabetes., Jinxiu Rui, Songyan Deng, Ana Luisa Perdigoto, Gerald Ponath, Romy Kursawe, Nathan Lawlor, Tomokazu Sumida, Maya Levine-Ritterman, Michael L. Stitzel, David Pitt, Jun Lu, Kevan C Herold

Faculty Research 2021

β cells may participate and contribute to their own demise during Type 1 diabetes (T1D). Here we report a role of their expression of Tet2 in regulating immune killing. Tet2 is induced in murine and human β cells with inflammation but its expression is reduced in surviving β cells. Tet2-KO mice that receive WT bone marrow transplants develop insulitis but not diabetes and islet infiltrates do not eliminate β cells even though immune cells from the mice can transfer diabetes to NOD/scid recipients. Tet2-KO recipients are protected from transfer of disease by diabetogenic immune cells.Tet2-KO β cells show reduced expression …

2021-08-20_Michiganoverview_Covidstats, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Cumulative Michigan COVID-19 Data

The COVID Overview page was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https:/www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98163-520743--,00.html.

The State of Michigan is working around the clock to test and treat COVID-19 patients. Below is the most recent data healthcare experts across the state have compiled. COVID case and testing data will be posted three times a week on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.
This report is provisional and subject to change. City of Detroit and Wayne County are reported separately. MDHHS began tracking probable cases April 5, 2020. FCI indicates federal correctional institute. MDOC indicates Michigan Department of Corrections. Diagnostic tests, including nucleic acid amplification/real-time …

Comparing Sensitivity And Specificity Of Pacemaker Id Application And Cardiac Rhythm Management Device-Finder Application In Identifying Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Manufacturer Using Chest Radiograph - An Observational Study, Pirbhat Shams, Muhammad Mehdi, Jamshed Ali, Intisar Ahmed, Sheema Saadia, Sameen Iqbal, Aamir Hameed Khan, Yawer Saeed

Section of Cardiology

Background: Smartphone-based applications to identify cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) are extremely useful in circumstances, where urgent device interrogation is needed, and a device identification card is not available. Few studies have provided insights regarding the utility of these applications. We have studied two widely available applications i.e., Pacemaker ID app (PMIDa) or Cardiac Rhythm Management Device-Finder (CRMD-f) to identify device manufacturers in CIEDs.
Methods: 547 patients who underwent CIED implantation from the year 2016-2020 in our institute were enrolled. There were 438 Medtronic and 109 St. Jude's devices. All chest radiographs were de-identified and resized into 225*225 pixels focusing …

Neonatal Orogastric & Nasogastric Tube Placement: Evidence Based Improvement Prospectus, Jessica K. Nagra

Master's Projects and Capstones

Problem: Variation in gastric tube placement practice has resulted in incorrect placement depth, resulting in four gastric tube perforations in a level III neonatal ICU within the last year. Gastric perforations have increased infant length of stay, increased surgical interventions, delay in oral feeding, increased hospital cost, and potentially lower family satisfaction with care.

Context: IHI’s 5 Why’s: Finding the Root Cause identified a lack of standardization in policy and practice and lack of consistent staff education as the primary reason for misplaced gastric tubes. Additionally, a cost-benefit analysis projected the estimated cost of additional infant length of stay for …

Equine Influenza Virus And Vaccines, Fatai S. Oladunni, Saheed Oluwasina Oseni, Luis Martinez-Sobrido, Thomas M. Chambers

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Equine influenza virus (EIV) is a constantly evolving viral pathogen that is responsible for yearly outbreaks of respiratory disease in horses termed equine influenza (EI). There is currently no evidence of circulation of the original H7N7 strain of EIV worldwide; however, the EIV H3N8 strain, which was first isolated in the early 1960s, remains a major threat to most of the world’s horse populations. It can also infect dogs. The ability of EIV to constantly accumulate mutations in its antibody-binding sites enables it to evade host protective immunity, making it a successful viral pathogen. Clinical and virological protection against EIV …

College Of Public Health News, Georgia Southern University

College of Public Health: News & Publications

• Nandi Marshall appointed Associate Dean for Academic Affairs of Georgia Southern’s Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health

Mechanisms Of Smoothened Regulation In Hedgehog Signaling, Jie Zhang, Zulong Liu, Jianhang Jia

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

The seven-transmembrane protein, Smoothened (SMO), has shown to be critical for the hedgehog (HH) signal transduction on the cell membrane (and the cilium in vertebrates). SMO is subjected to multiple types of post-translational regulations, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and sumoylation, which alter SMO intracellular trafficking and cell surface accumulation. Recently, SMO is also shown to be regulated by small molecules, such as oxysterol, cholesterol, and phospholipid. The activity of SMO must be very well balanced by these different mechanisms in vivo because the malfunction of SMO will not only cause developmental defects in early stages, but also induce cancers in late …

Unmet Needs And Social Challenges For Older Adults During And After The Covid-19 Pandemic: An Opportunity To Improve Care, Alyssa Elman, Daniel Baek, Elaine Gottesman, Michael E. Stern, Mary R. Mulcare, Amy Shaw, Morgan Pearman, Michelle Sullivan, Sunday Clark, Timothy F. Platts-Mills, Rahul Sharma, Tony Rosen

Journal of Geriatric Emergency Medicine

Many older adults have unmet needs and social challenges that can negatively impact their health and well-being, particularly during and after the COVID pandemic. These include social isolation, inadequate care or assistance with their daily activities, food insecurity, housing insecurity, poverty, and abuse/neglect/exploitation. An ED visit provides a unique and critical opportunity to identify these issues and initiate intervention for these vulnerable older adults. By assessing for unmet needs and social challenges, considering a team-based approach as to how they may be ameliorated, using online tools, and integrating telehealth and EMS, ED providers have the potential to dramatically improve …

The Double Burden Of Malnutrition And Associated Factors Among South Asian Adolescents: Findings From The Global School-Based Student Health Survey, Sara Estecha Querol, Romaina Iqbal, Laura Kudrna, Lena Al-Khudairy, Paramijit Gill

Community Health Sciences

The health and nutrition of the global adolescent population have been under-researched, in spite of its significant size (1.2 billion). This study investigates the prevalence and associated factors of malnutrition (stunting, thinness and overweight) among adolescents living in South Asia. The sample analysed was 24,053 South Asian schooled adolescents aged 12-15 years that participated in the cross-sectional Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS) between 2009 and 2016. The prevalence of stunting, thinness and overweight was calculated using the World Health Organization (WHO) Child Growth Reference 2007. Associations between the three forms of malnutrition and their possible associated factors were assessed …

Dermatitis Herpetiformis: An Update On Diagnosis, Disease Monitoring, And Management, Christopher N Nguyen, Soo-Jung Kim

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH), Duhring disease, is caused by gluten sensitivity and affects 11.2 to 75.3 per 100,000 people in the United States and Europe with an incidence of 0.4 to 3.5 per 100,000 people per year. DH is characterized by a symmetrical blistering rash on the extensor surfaces with severe pruritus. The diagnosis continues to be made primarily by pathognomonic findings on histopathology, especially direct immunofluorescence (DIF). Recently, anti-epidermal transglutaminase (TG3) antibodies have shown to be a primary diagnostic serology, while anti-tissue transglutaminase (TG2) and other autoantibodies may be used to support the diagnosis and for disease monitoring. Newly diagnosed …

Whole Genome Sequence Data From Captive Baboons Implicate Rbfox1 In Epileptic Seizure Risk, Mark Z. Kos, Melanie A. Carless, Lucy Blondell, M. Michelle Leland, Koyle D. Knape, Harald Hh Goring, Charles A. Szabo

School of Medicine Publications

In this study, we investigate the genetic determinants that underlie epilepsy in a captive baboon pedigree and evaluate the potential suitability of this non-human primate model for understanding the genetic etiology of human epilepsy. Archived whole-genome sequence data were analyzed using both a candidate gene approach that targeted variants in baboon homologs of 19 genes (n = 20,881 SNPs) previously implicated in genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) and a more agnostic approach that examined protein-altering mutations genome-wide as assessed by snpEff (n = 36,169). Measured genotype association tests for baboon cases of epileptic seizure were performed using SOLAR, as …

Outcomes Of Covid-19 In Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Multicenter Research Network Study In The United States., Rahul Raiker, Charles Deyoung, Haig Pakhchanian, Sakir Ahmed, Chengappa Kavadichanda, Latika Gupta, Sinan Kardeş

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

OBJECTIVES: To investigate outcomes of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as compared to the general population. Additionally, outcomes were explored among RA patients stratified by sex, race, and medications use through sub-cohort analyses.

METHODS: This comparative cohort study used a US multicenter research network (TriNetX) to extract data on all adult RA patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19, and adults without RA who were diagnosed with COVID-19 (comparative cohort) anytime from January 20, 2020 to April 11, 2021. COVID-19 outcomes were assessed within 30 days after its diagnosis. Baseline characteristics that included demographics and comorbidities were …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - August 19, 2021, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the August 19, 2021 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents include:

• Payne-Johnson joins family medicine faculty
• Faculty and staff parking permits available
• Faculty Spotlight: Christopher Malozzi, D.O., F.A.C.C.
• Meet a Med Student: Kasey Grant Andrews
• USA researchers awarded $1 million in grants to study replication of mitochondrial DNA
• Phung presents at international Cancer Genomics Consortium meeting

Addressing Occupational Therapy Practitioners’ Knowledge And Attitudes About Older Adult Sexual Health And Sexual Activity Through Continuing Education, Robin Lynn Chilton

Doctor of Occupational Therapy Capstone Projects

Background: There is very little research examining how specific education about older adult sexual health and sexual activity may improve occupational therapy practitioners’ knowledge and attitudes towards geriatric sexuality. Research is also limited as to how knowledge about older adult sexual health and sexual activity is applied in clinical practice. Therefore, it is important to investigate to what extent education in older adult sexual matters impacts occupational therapy practitioners’ knowledge, attitudes, and clinical practice.

Objective: To examine and explore occupational therapy practitioners’ knowledge, attitudes, and clinical practice in the areas of older adult sexual health and sexual activity. Study Design: …

Public Trust And The Covid-19 Vaccination Campaign: Lessons From The Philippines As It Emerges From The Dengvaxia Controversy, Ronald U. Mendoza, Manuel M. Dayrit, Cenon R. Alfonso, Madeline Mae A. Ong

Ateneo School of Government Publications

While the entire world prepares and begins to roll out COVID-19 vaccines, the Philippines is still reeling from the consequences of the Dengvaxia controversy in 2016. Those highly political events led to the erosion of public trust in leaders and a significant damage to vaccine confidence in the country, now potentially impacting the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. We discuss how public trust and confidence can be rehabilitated through accountability, transparency, and proper communication from the most trusted sources of the population. We also highlight key lessons for policymakers and leaders on allowing science to take the front seat, and politics …

Moving Beyond Size: Vorticity And Energy Loss Are Correlated With Right Ventricular Dysfunction And Exercise Intolerance In Repaired Tetralogy Of Fallot., Yue-Hin Loke, Francesco Capuano, Vincent Cleveland, Jason G. Mandell, Elias Balaras, Laura J. Olivieri

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The global effect of chronic pulmonary regurgitation (PR) on right ventricular (RV) dilation and dysfunction in repaired Tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) patients is well studied by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). However, the links between PR in the RV outflow tract (RVOT), RV dysfunction and exercise intolerance are not clarified by conventional measurements. Not all patients with RV dilation share the same intracardiac flow characteristics, now measurable by time resolved three-dimensional phase contrast imaging (4D flow). In our study, we quantified regional vorticity and energy loss in rTOF patients and correlated these parameters with RV dysfunction and exercise capacity.

METHODS: …

Emotion Processing Deficit In Euthymic Bipolar Disorder: A Potential Endophenotype, Preethi V. Reddy, Saravanakumar Anandan, Gopalkumar Rakesh, Venkatarama Shivakumar, Boban Joseph, Sunil Kalmady Vasu, Sri Mahavir Agarwal, Kesavan Muralidharan, Ganesan Venkatasubramanian, Janardhanan C. Narayanaswamy

Psychiatry Faculty Publications

Background: Emotion processing deficits have been described in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and are considered one of the core cognitive abnormalities in BD with endophenotype potential. However, the literature on specific impairments in emotion processing cognitive strategies (directive/cortical/higher versus intuitive/limbic/lower) in euthymic adult BD patients and healthy first-degree relatives/high-risk (HR) subjects in comparison with healthy controls (HCs) is sparse.

Methods: We examined facial emotion recognition deficits (FERD) in BD (N = 30), HR (N = 21), and HC (N = 30) matched for age (years), years of education, and sex using computer-administered face emotions–Matching And Labeling …

Increased Incidence Of Substance Use And Substance Use Disorders Among Mexicans That Have Migrated To The United States, Emily Hock

Honors Theses

The United States is becoming increasingly older and more racially and ethnically diverse, with Mexican Americans adults aged 65 and over becoming the frontrunners in population growth. Substance use disorders are high among this particular population, with alcohol and tobacco being the most common culprits. Previous research suggests that the prevalence of drinking and smoking among Mexican Americans is increased compared to Mexicans living in Mexico, and substance use rates are highest in those most accustomed to United States culture. While acculturation may initially increase exposure to healthcare options, Mexican Americans are disproportionally uneducated and have lower socioeconomic status than …

Knowledge Assessment Of Anti-Snake Venom Among Healthcare Practitioners In Northern Nigeria, Auwal A. Bala, Abubakar Jatau, Ismaeel Yunusa Ph.D., Mustapha Mohammed, Al-Kassim H. Mohammed, Abubakar M. Isa, Abubakar S. Wada, Kabiru A. Gulma, Inuwa Bello, Sani Malami

Faculty Publications

Introduction: Anti-snake venom (ASV) is the standard therapy for the management of snakebite envenoming (SBE). Therefore, the knowledge of ASV among healthcare practitioners (HCPs) is essential for achieving optimal clinical outcomes in snakebite management. This study aimed to assess knowledge of ASV among the HCPs in northern Nigeria.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving eligible HCPs from different healthcare settings in northern Nigeria. The participants were recruited into the study using a combination of online (via Google Form) and face-to-face paper-based survey methods. The ASV knowledge of the respondents was measured using a validated anti-snake venom knowledge assessment tool …

Integrating Occupation-Based/Focused Assessments During The Evaluation Process. Opportunity To Revisit The Topic In A Post Covid-19 Practice Setting?, John S. Luna

School of Social Work Faculty Publications

Occupational therapists treat clients across the lifespan, and every successful intervention begins with a successful evaluation. Incorporating a variety of norm-referenced standardized assessments into the assessment process has become increasingly important to justify services to third party payors identification of goals, and intervention strategies. However, occupational therapists tend to select assessments that are focused and measuring performance skills and client factors versus occupations and performance of occupations. The purpose of this article is to examine the topic of occupation based and occupation focused assessments. While using occupation-based/ occupation-focused assessments is not a new topic, the COVID-19 pandemic has changed how …

Short-Term Transport Stress And Supplementation Alter Immune Function In Aged Horses, Ashton B. Miller, Patricia A. Harris, Virginia D. Barker, Amanda A. Adams

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Long-distance transport is associated with stress-related changes in equine immune function, and shipping-associated illnesses are often reported. Horses are frequently transported short distances, yet the effects of short-term transport on immune function remain largely unknown. Twelve horses, aged 15–30 yr, were assigned to either the control (n = 6) or treatment (n = 6) groups; treatment horses received a daily antioxidant supplement 3 weeks before and after transport. All horses were transported for approximately 1.5–2 hr on Day 0. Blood was collected via jugular venipuncture at 15-min pre- and post-transport and on Days –21, 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21. …

The Current, Scott K. Heysell

Journal of Wellness

No abstract provided.

The Significance Of Utilizing A Corticotomy On Periodontal And Orthodontic Outcomes: A Systematic Review And Meta‐Analysis, Jonathan Gao, Trung Nguyen, Snehlata Oberoi, Heesoo Oh, Sunil Kapila, Richard T. Kao, Guo-Hao Lin

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Purpose: This systematic review compares the clinical and radiographic outcomes for patients who received only a corticotomy or periodontal accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) with those who received a conventional orthodontic treatment. Methods: An electronic search of four databases and a hand search of peer‐reviewed journals for relevant articles published in Eng-lish between January 1980 and June 2021 were performed. Human clinical trials of ≥ 10 patients treated with a corticotomy or PAOO with radiographic and/or clinical outcomes were included. Meta‐analyses were performed to analyze the weighted mean difference (WMD) and confidence interval (CI) for the recorded variables. Results: Twelve articles …

Doing Gender And Reshaping The Self: The Rehabilitation Narratives Of Tbi Survivors, Paola Tine

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

This article provides a review of selected studies conducted in recent years on the relationship between gender identity and recovery following traumatic brain injury (TBI) with the goal of determining whether gender constructions play a role in the lived experience of TBI survivors. The studies reviewed show that psychosocial issues resulting from perceived difficulties in doing gender can be a burden to successful recovery and that addressing these constructions can have a positive influence on long-term results. Consequently, the author argues that gender should be considered a critical element in the aetiology and management of psychosocial issues following the injury …

Adhd In Adolescents And Adults, Hannah Facey, Md

Department of Family & Community Medicine Presentations and Grand Rounds

Objectives

• Understand the concept of neurodiversity
• Define ADHD
• Review the diagnostic criteria and challenges with diagnosis for ADHD in adults
• Explore our role as family medicine physicians in diagnosis and treatment
• Discover the prevalence of comorbid conditions associated with ADHD
• Obtain a general understanding of the categories of medical treatments available for adults with ADHD
• Gain a deeper appreciation for the role that biases play in the under- and misdiagnosis of women and BIPOC

Heart Failure Transitions Of Care Program, Samantha Macko, Pharmd

Department of Family & Community Medicine Presentations and Grand Rounds

Objectives

• Heart failure overview; statistics, risk factors, signs and symptoms
• List heart failure therapeutic treatment options
• Explain importance of continuation of care for heart failure patients after initial hospital discharge
• Discuss importance of multidisciplinary approach to treatment of heart failure (HF) patients
• Discuss components of heart failure transitions of care (HFTOC) program at Thomas Jefferson University Hospital

Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis Induced By Cetuximab, Sadia Masood, Mohammad Rizwan, Saira Fatima, Palwasha Jalil

Department of Medicine

A wide variety of diseases and drugs can cause cutaneous pustular eruptions. Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a unique drug-induced dermatosis clinically presented as erythematous papular and pustular eruption, usually caused by certain systemic drugs. We are presenting a very rare association of AGEP with a biological agent, cetuximab. A male aged 66 years, who was recently diagnosed with a case of squamous cell carcinoma of glottis, presented in the dermatology clinic with a recent onset of fever and widespread pustular eruption over the face, trunk, and limbs. The eruption was noted after the injection of cetuximab given for …

Analysis Of Time-Dependent Adaptations Of Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Morphology During Standing-Induced Symptoms Of Low Back Pain, Donald Aboytes

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Low back pain (LBP) is a traumatic impairment for individuals with staggering socioeconomic burden. The etiology of LBP is exceedingly complex and confounded by comorbidities. The source of pain is difficult to pin-point because the offending stimuli are not always known. One promising avenue is to investigate the progression of LBP symptoms in young and otherwise healthy individuals. The population that exhibits preclinical LBP in prolonged standing may be particularly suitable for understanding the anatomical changes that occur during the progression of the symptoms. Since the pain symptoms subside upon exiting the standing position, they are an ideal demographic to …

Early Screening For Post-Stroke Depression, And The Effect On Functional Outcomes, Quality Of Life And Mortality: A Protocol For A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Sudhakar Selvaraj, Teresa Arora, Tahani Casameni Montiel, Ian Grey, Hind Alfraih, Melissa Fadipe, Robert Suchting, Sean Savitz, Jennifer E. Sanner Beauchamp, Linda Östlundh

All Works

INTRODUCTION: Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a severe complication of cerebrovascular stroke affecting about one-third of stroke survivors. Moreover, PSD is associated with functional recovery and quality of life (QOL) in stroke survivors. Screening for PSD is recommended. There are, however, differences in the literature on the impact of early screening on functional outcomes. In this systematic review, we synthesise the currently available literature regarding the associations between timing and setting of PSD screening and mortality, QOL and functional outcomes in stroke survivors. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will systematically search electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, APA PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus …

Genetic Variants And Tumor Immune Microenvironment: Clues For Targeted Therapies In Inflammatory Breast Cancer (Ibc), Yulan Gong, Rajeswari Nagarathinam, Maria F. Arisi, Lorenzo Gerratana, Jennifer S Winn, Michael Slifker, Jianming Pei, Kathy Q Cai, Zachary Hasse, Elias Obeid, Julio Noriega, Christopher Sebastiano, Eric Ross, Katherine Alpaugh, Massimo Cristofanilli, Sandra V Fernandez

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

To better understand the etiology of inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) and identify potential therapies, we studied genomic alterations in IBC patients. Targeted, next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) (n = 33) and paired DNA from tumor tissues (n = 29) from 32 IBC patients. We confirmed complementarity between cfDNA and tumor tissue genetic profiles. We found a high incidence of germline variants in IBC patients that could be associated with an increased risk of developing the disease. Furthermore, 31% of IBC patients showed deficiencies in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway (BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, RAD51C, ATM, BARD1) …