Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Capital Region Collaborative Community Survey Project To Document Disparate Impacts Of Covid-19, The Albany Minority Health Task Force, Lawrence Schell, Annis Golden, Alex Pieterse, Archana Krishnan, Masahiro Yamamoto, Elizabeth Holdsworth, Pallavi Khurana, Olivia Mata, Amy Williams, Hnin Wai Lwin Myo

Understanding and eliminating minority health disparities in a 21st-century pandemic: A White Paper Collection

The Capital Region Collaborative Community Survey project was undertaken in December 2020- January 2021 to document the social, economic and health impacts of COVID-19 on residents in the Capital Region, particularly in the city of Albany with an emphasis on the impacts on Black and African American (B/AA) communities (n=239). Key findings included B/AA participants reported experiencing general racism or racial discrimination significantly more than other racial groups as did Hispanics. The pandemic impacted employment of Capital Region residents significantly as half of the respondents either lost their jobs or had their hours reduced. B/AA individuals were more likely than …

Food Insecurity In Ny State. Solutions To Address The Multifaceted Problem, Janine Jurkowski, Tomoko Udo, Angela Hackstadt

Understanding and eliminating minority health disparities in a 21st-century pandemic: A White Paper Collection

Food is an essential determinant of health; the challenges in meeting nutritional needs for all are complex. Food insecurity involves the availability of enough safe and nutritious food, having access to that food, and being able to effectively utilize that food for household consumption. Availability has to do with the supply chain, which is affected directly by the social and physical environment. Access is related to the social and economic factors that determine individuals and households’ socioeconomic opportunities. Utilization has to do with having the ability, storage and tools for food preparation. Food insecurity is a growing social problem with …

Closing The Health Disparity Gap In U.S. Immigrant Communities In The Era Of Covid-19: A Narrative Review, Dina Refki, Rukhsana Ahmed, Jeanette Altarriba

Understanding and eliminating minority health disparities in a 21st-century pandemic: A White Paper Collection

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have significant impacts on social determinants of health. Immigrant communities often bear a disproportionate burden of the crisis because of the immigration experience, which serves as an additional social determinant of health. Evidence suggests that these communities are hard hit by economic instability, food insecurities, isolation, lack of safe housing and safe neighborhoods, environmental dynamics that cut them off from systems of support, lack of sufficient access to educational tools that have become critical in remote and digital learning, limited access to health and healthcare resources, low health literacy, and restricted access to culturally and …

Identifying Nontraditional Epidemic Disease Risk Factors Associated With Major Health Events From World Health Organization And World Bank Open Data, Roberta Lugo-Robles, Eric C. Garges, Cara H. Olsen, David Brett-Major

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

Health events emerge from host, community, environment, and pathogen factors-forecasting epidemics is a complex task. We describe an exploratory analysis to identify economic risk factors that could aid epidemic risk assessment. A line list was constructed using the World Health Organization Disease Outbreaks News (2016-2018) and economic indicators from the World Bank. Poisson regression employing forward imputations was used to establish relationships with the frequency with which countries reported public health events. Economic indicators demonstrated strong performance appropriate for further assessment in surveillance programming. In our analysis, three economic indicators were significantly associated to event reporting: how much the country's …

Pediatric Caregiver Health Literacy: Comparing Perceptions Of Pediatricians And Nurse Practitioners, Kirbey Flora

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Throughout life, most people will interact with the healthcare system to manage information in order to make healthcare decisions. Health literacy is the ability to comprehend health information needed to make healthcare decisions. Pediatric patients often do not have a voice in their healthcare decisions; therefore, their health outcomes may be affected by the health literacy of their caregivers. In addition, the child’s health may be impacted by the ability of the healthcare team to provide appropriate health education. The purpose of this honors thesis was to determine pediatric healthcare providers’ perception of health literacy in their practices. Qualitative data …

Physiological Stability During Oral Feeding In Preterm Infants: Associations With Feeding Behaviors And Cues, Cindy M. Lund

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between measures of physiological stability/instability during feeding. An additional aim was to determine if behaviors associated with physiological stability were also perceived as readiness or stress cues. Participants included 5 preterm infants (<37 weeks gestation) with no craniofacial anomalies. Infants were videotaped when they were taking at least 90% of prescribed volume. This study analyzed the common behaviors seen in preterm infants during bottle feeding to determine if there were associations with measures of physiological stability. Behaviors were also analyzed to determine which were perceived as indicating stress or readiness to feed by novice observers. Coding was conducted offline using Noldus Observer software.

Results revealed a statistically significant relationship between behaviors classified as stress cues and HR instability. There was not a significant association between stress cues and RR or SPO2. Binomial testing identified specific preterm infant feeding behaviors that were more often classified as stress cues, with significance noted in audible swallow and vocalization. Several of the specific preterm …

Dnp Proposal: Implementing Staff Education To Reduce Stress And Increase Resiliency, Samantha Lambert, Mariana Corpus

Nursing DNP Projects

Problem: Increased stress and decreased resiliency are concerning concepts that continue to be common themes within nursing practice. Stress, compassion fatigue, and burnout among nurses pose a great risk to the health care system, the patients it serves, as well as the nurses. Persistent levels of high stress additionally impact work activities and job performance, leading nurses to experience burnout, compassion fatigue, lower job satisfaction, high workplace turnover, and poor quality of care for patients. Nurses who demonstrate resiliency can adapt to unexpected events with a positive attitude, self-esteem, and tolerance.

Purpose: To decrease stress levels and improve resiliency among …

Structure And Activity Of A Selective Antibiofilm Peptide Sk-24 Derived From The Nmr Structure Of Human Cathelicidin Ll-37, Yingxia Zhang, Jayaram Lakshmaiah Narayana, Qianhui Wu, Xiangli Dang, Guangshun Wang

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

The deployment of the innate immune system in humans is essential to protect us from infection. Human cathelicidin LL-37 is a linear host defense peptide with both antimicrobial and immune modulatory properties. Despite years of studies of numerous peptides, SK-24, corresponding to the long hydrophobic domain (residues 9–32) in the anionic lipid-bound NMR structure of LL-37, has not been investigated. This study reports the structure and activity of SK-24. Interestingly, SK-24 is entirely helical (~100%) in phosphate buffer (PBS), more than LL-37 (84%), GI-20 (75%), and GF-17 (33%), while RI-10 and 17BIPHE2 are essentially randomly coiled (helix%: 7–10%). These results …

January 2021, New England Osteopathic Heritage Center

New England Osteopathic Heritage Center Newsletter

New England Osteopathic Heritage Center's annual newsletter for January 2021

Speech Language Pathology Graduate Handbook - 2020-2021, Department Of Audiology And Speech-Language Pathology, East Tennessee State University

Speech-Language Pathology Handbooks

No abstract provided.

A Comprehensive Study Of Comorbidities And Treatments Including Tnf-⍺ Inhibitors In Patients With Acute Scleritis, Ahmad Abdel-Aty

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Scleritis is a highly symptomatic inflammatory disease of the sclera. We conducted a retrospective study to identify demographic factors and comorbidities associated with resolution of scleritis, to compare patient outcomes on different treatments for scleritis, and to compare treatment utilization by the different medical specialties that manage scleritis. The medical records of all patients with a CPT code for scleritis seen at a tertiary care center from January 1, 2013 to January 1, 2020 were reviewed. Data was collected on demographic factors, comorbidities, and treatment. The primary outcome measures were time until resolution of disease, defined as quiescence of inflammation …

“[The Pediatrician] Said That Maybe My Milk, Instead Of Doing Good, No Longer Helped”: The Ecology Of Infant Formula In Rural Communities In Central Mexico., Paulina Luna Martinez

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The objective of this study was to determine the social and cultural factors that influence the use of formula in two rural and indigenous communities in Central Mexico. We used a qualitative methodology based on the socioecological framework and integrative model of behavior. Interviews and focus groups were carried out with mothers, fathers, and grandparents of children two years of age or younger and healthcare providers attending to mothers and infants. We found that breastfeeding was still favored in both communities, however, many mothers viewed formula as a complement for breastfeeding. Young and first-time mothers were more likely to prefer …

Characteristics, Motivations, And Experiences Of Women Using Nitrous Oxide During Childbirth, Gwendolyn Towers

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

CHARACTERISTICS, MOTIVATIONS, AND EXPERIENCES OF WOMEN USING NITROUS OXIDE IN CHILDBIRTH

Gwendolyn Towers, Michelle Telfer, Jessica L. Illuzzi. Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT

Nitrous oxide labor analgesia is growing in popularity in the United States, with little known regarding the factors driving this trend or about women’s experiences with the method. This study, which includes both a quantitative and a qualitative component, contributes to our understanding of the use of nitrous oxide labor analgesia in the US by exploring the following: (1) who uses the method and how these women …

The Future Of Global Interventional Radiology, Austin-Marley Windham-Herman

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Interventional Radiology (IR) has become an integral component of modern, developed healthcare systems. The minimally invasive, image-guided procedures that the field offers are highly effective and often lead to significantly less morbidity than alternative surgical options. The growth of IR globally is in an early phase; however, patients and healthcare systems stand to benefit from its rapid expansion and integration around the world.

Globally, billions of people are without access to safe surgery and diagnostic imaging. However, the democratization of radiology resources such as portable ultrasound and low-cost medical devices is making IR more accessible than ever before. Global healthcare …

Assessment Planning By Speech Language Pathologists: Implicit Bias And Clinical Decision-Making, Melinda Yax

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The following thesis is comprised of three research articles focused on the topics of implicit bias, clinical-decision making, and cultural competency in the field of speech-language pathology. The first article is a reflection piece in which I thoughtfully lay out my journey towards cultural humility in addressing my biases through different educational and personal experiences. The second article presents and discusses the results of the qualitative research I conducted on speech-language pathologists looking at the effect of implicit bias on clinical decisions. And finally, the third article discusses the importance of having cultural humility rather than cultural competency, specifically regarding …

Impact Of Heavy Metals In Ambient Air In Insulin Resistance Of Shipyard Welders In Northern Taiwan, Ting-Yao Su, Hueiwang Anna Jeng, Yuan-Ting Hsu, Ching-Huang Lai, Chih-Hong Pan

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Exposure to metals poses potential health risks, including insulin resistance (IR), to those exposed to them in excess. Limited studies have examined such risks in occupational workers, including welders, and these have yielded inconsistent results. Thus, we examined the associations between exposure to welding metals and IR in welders. We recruited 78 welders and 75 administrative staff from a shipyard located in northern Taiwan. Personal exposure to heavy metals, including chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and cadmium (Cd), was monitored through particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM …

The Effect Of Upper-String Musician Practice Session On Scapular Kinematics, Connor James Brown

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Background: Shoulder pain is common in the upper-string musician population. [43,49] Pain has been linked with injury and impairments. Altered scapular kinematics has been associated with patients diagnosed with shoulder injury or impairment. Fatigue of the shoulder complex through repeated arm motions has been shown to alter scapular kinematics, resulting in shoulder pathologies, including rotator cuff impingement syndrome. [12,15,28] Upper string musicians have been documented with practicing multiple hours in a day and it could be inferred those practice sessions could be fatiguing. [24,49]

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effect of upper string musician practice session …

Targeting Epigenetic Mechanisms In Endometriosis, Sarah Elizabeth Brunty

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Endometriosis is a complex and elusive gynecological disease in which the inner lining of the uterus grows in locations outside of the uterus and forms lesions. It is known to affect 1 in 9 women of reproductive age worldwide. Symptoms of endometriosis include severe pain, heavy periods, and infertility. While multiple theories of origin exist, none fully encompass all aspects of the disease, although all theories agree that this is an inflammation-driven disease. Due to this, many researchers are turning towards epigenetics to explain the initiation and progression of endometriosis. However, what is causing these epigenetic changes is still a …

The Role Of Occupational Therapy Within Primary Care: A Multidisciplinary Weight Management Program, Amanda Rivas

OT Student Capstones

Primary care is essential in the United States, especially as more Americans are diagnosed with a chronic condition and the aging population increases. For many Americans, primary care providers are their only access to the health care system due to financial burden, limited access, and several other barriers. For these reasons, primary care clinics need to develop multidisciplinary teams where patients can receive whole-person health care. Occupational therapists have the knowledge and skills to provide client-center care and work within primary care. However, multiple barriers prohibit occupational therapists from entering the primary care field. The most significant barrier is reimbursement. …

Distal Radius Fractures: Comparing Surgical Approaches To Identify Functional Outcomes, Sonia Morales

OT Student Capstones

Distal radius fractures (DRF) are the most commonly encountered fracture in clinical settings. Although the volar approach has gained recognition as the standard surgical treatment method to treat DRF there is still great debate as to what exactly the surgery should consist of. Individuals who suffer from a DRF have a high prevalence of developing carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) (Cherubino, Bini, & Marcolli, 2010; Niver & Ilyas, 2012; Wang et al., 2018). Surgeons are unsure if individuals will benefit more from solely performing a volar open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) surgery or to perform the volar ORIF along with …

Exploring The Acculturation Experiences Of Cuban Refugee Doctors And Their Families In Miami: A Phenomenological Study, Nelson Michel Perez

Department of Family Therapy Dissertations and Applied Clinical Projects

Since 1961, the Cuban government has used its medical missions worldwide for diplomatic, ideological, financial, and humanitarian purposes (Huish, 2014; Solano, 2019). Since the collapse of the Socialist Bloc, thousands of Cuban health workers have found a means of economic subsistence and exit from the island through these missions. The U.S. Department of State (2020) declared these medical missions to be forced labor and human trafficking, a move that had multiple consequences for these professionals and their families. From 2006 to 2017, more than 9,000 Cuban health workers entered the Unites States as refugee immigrants, with many settling in South …

Emergency Preparedness In Dietetics During A Pandemic: Lessons Learned From An Icu Dietitian During Covid-19, Pamela Rothpletz-Puglia, Michelle D. Mena

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The incidence, prevalence, and chaos of the Covid-19 disease sequelae is an adverse event akin to a natural disaster or wartime creating a high degree of uncertainty and vulnerability for health care providers. This is an account of a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist’s (RDN) experience on the frontlines during an epidemic providing care to patients with Covid-19. The purpose of the series of discussions was to create a live account of a frontline RDN’s experience during the pandemic to develop recommendations for emergency preparedness in dietetics during Covid-19. Methods: Since the Covid-19 pandemic is causing significant hardship, loss of life, …

Multiple Myeloma Cells Graphs And Figures Inhibit Adipogenesis, Increase Senescencerelated And Inflammatory Gene Transcript Expression, And Alter Metabolism In Preadipocytes, Michaela R. Reagan, Heather Fairfield, Samantha Costa, Carolyne Falank, Mariah Farrell, Connor S. Murphy, Anastasia D'Amico, Heather Driscoll

Costas T. Lambrew Research Retreat 2021

Myeloma cells alter metabolism & induce senescence in adipocyte-lineage cells, suggesting that senescence-associated proteins are involved in multiple myeloma.

Investigation Of The Relationship Between Obesity, Weight Cycling, And Tumor Progression In Murine Myeloma Models, Heather Fairfield, Catherine R. Marinac, Mariah Farrell, Brenda M. Birmann, Michaela R. Reagan

Costas T. Lambrew Research Retreat 2021

We investigated this relationship in two murine myeloma models with a high fat diet (HFD) to induce obesity, and a diet cycling (DC) regimen to model weight cycling.

Boot Camp Translation: Community Engaged Research Process Evaluation, Emma Daybranch, Kerri Barton, Brendan Schauffler, Lisbeth Wierda, Neil Korsen

Costas T. Lambrew Research Retreat 2021

The BCT process was first developed by the High Plains Research Network and its Community Advisory Council in rural Colorado. Between 2004 and 2015 the BCT process was used 31 times across the U.S. on a broad range of topics.

Thyroid Hormone-Clearing Deiodinase 3 Protects From Cranio- Encephalic And Cardiac Congenital Abnormalities, Arturo Hernandez, M Elena Martinez, Ilka Pinz, Marilena Preda, Thomas Gridley

Costas T. Lambrew Research Retreat 2021

Implications: Transient overexposure to TH during development may contribute to idiopathic congenital syndromes in humans (cleft palate, hydrocephalus, cardiac and Chiari malformations, others)

Propranolol Sensitizes Vascular Sarcoma Cells To Doxorubicin By Altering Lysosomal Drug Sequestration And Drug Efflux, Jhuma Saha, Jong Hyuk Kim, Clarissa N. Amaya, Caleb M. Witcher, Ali Khammanivong, Derek M. Korpela, David R. Brown, Josephine Taylor, Brad A. Bryan, Erin B. Dickerson

Faculty Publications

Angiosarcoma is a rare cancer of blood vessel–forming cells with a high patient mortality and few treatment options. Although chemotherapy often produces initial clinical responses, outcomes remain poor, largely due to the development of drug resistance. We previously identified a subset of doxorubicin-resistant cells in human angiosarcoma and canine hemangiosarcoma cell lines that exhibit high lysosomal accumulation of doxorubicin. Hydrophobic, weak base chemotherapeutics, like doxorubicin, are known to sequester within lysosomes, promoting resistance by limiting drug accessibility to cellular targets. Drug synergy between the beta adrenergic receptor (β-AR) antagonist, propranolol, and multiple chemotherapeutics has been documented in vitro, and …

Ua19/16/2 Tennis Press Releases, Wku Athletic Media Relations

WKU Administration Documents

Press releases, photos and game statistics for WKU tennis team in 2021.

Magnetic Resonance And Ct Imaging Biomarkers For Prediction Of Acute And Chronic Radiation-Induced Xerostomia, Anastasia Katsavochristou, Dimitrios Koumoulis

Oral Health Practice Faculty Publications

Xerostomia is a common adverse effect of radiation therapy at the head and neck area. Radiation-induced xerostomia can be severe and detrimental for the quality of life. Clinicians and radiologists have focused on the prevention of xerostomia as feasible, which has been significantly improved in the recent decades with the use of the contemporary radiation technology. However, radiation-induced xerostomia still remains one of the most devastating side effects of radiation therapy. Clinical risk factors have been identified, but the variation of its incidence and presentation has turned the focus on the investigation of parameters that would be able to predict …

Big Data Analysis Of Nanoscience Bibliometrics, Patent, And Funding Data (2000-2019), Yuliang Zhao, Zhixiang Wei, Qing Dai, Hongwei Dong, Hongjun Xiao, Shuxian Wu, Xingxing He, Beverley Mitchell, Thomas A. Collins, Sarah Huggett, John Van Orden, Christiane Barranguet, Basak Candemir

Public Reports

Given the strategic significance of Nanoscience and nanotechnology, it is essential to evaluate and predict its developmental trends. This report is based on the largest abstract and citation database of peer-reviewed literature, Elsevier's Scopus, along with the research evaluation platform SciVal. The funding and patent analysis data for the report is from Funding Institutional and PatentSight, respectively. This report provides an evaluation of Nanoscience's scientific output, role, contribution, and impact through bibliometric analysis, combined with big data indicators of Nanoscience scientific results and patents from 2000 to 2019.