Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

An Investigation Of The Biomechanics Of Kinesiology Tape, Jessa Ward

Graduate Theses - Biology & Biomedical Engineering

Kinesiology tape has grown in popularity since its widespread use at the 2012 and 2016 Olympic Games. Manufacturers of these colorful tapes have advertised biomechanical benefits for athletes, including pain relief and muscle support, without much quantitative evidence to support these claims. The purpose of this research study was to evaluate the biomechanical aspects of kinesiology tape and how it affects subjects’ muscle activity. This research study evaluated the muscle activity of subjects’ low back before and after tape application during targeted, bodyweight exercises. Each subject’s muscle activity, measured through electromyography (EMG), was normalized and assessed using nonparametric statistical techniques. …

Hotspotting Student Initiatives: Lessons Learned From A Patient-Centered Approach, Brianna Gomez, Mirna Rezkalla, Daisy Yan, Krystal Park, Amy Lachewitz, Md

JCIPE Posters

• Hotspotting is a program focusing on providing interprofessional care to patients with complex medical and social needs using a patient-centered approach.
• Hotspotting program provides an opportunity for students from various healthcare programs to coordinate and offer individualized interventions to reduce ED admissions in “high-utilizers.”
• Our team consisted of students from: physical therapy, medicine, pharmacy, and occupational therapy programs.

Integrating Community Health Workers Into Primary Care Practice To Better Serve Older Adults, Yendira Rosario, Gloria Rivera, Luz Cruz, Brenda Frutos, Cathy A. Coyne Phd, Mph

Department of Community Health and Health Studies

No abstract provided.

Chronic Knee Pain In A Female Field Hockey Player, Charlene I. Jones Md, Nicholas Slenker Md

Department of Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

An Evaluation Of Risk Attitudes And Risk Tolerance In Emergency Medicine Residents., Carlos Rodriguez, Nishad A Rahman, Kory London, Robin Naples, Simran Buttar, Xiao Chi Zhang, Hyunjoo Lee, Joshua Rudner, Dimitrios Papanagnou

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

Introduction Previous studies have shown that risk attitudes and tolerance for uncertainty are significant factors in clinical decision-making, particularly in the practice of defensive medicine. These attributes have also been linked with rates of physician burnout. To date, the risk profile of emergency medicine (EM) physicians has not yet been described. Our goal was to examine the risk profile of EM residents using a widely available risk tolerance and attitude assessment tool. Methods First-, second-, and third-year residents of Thomas Jefferson University Hospital's EM residency program completed the commercially available, unmodified Risk Type Compass, a validated instrument offered by Multi-Health …

Exploring The Outcomes Of Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy To Treat Urinary Incontinence 2 Years Post Prostatectomy: A Retrospective Case Report, Kathleen T. O'Loughlin

Research Days

Background and Purpose: The purpose of this poster is to investigate the effects of pelvic floor physical therapy (PFPT) on urinary incontinence (UI) in an individual 2 years post radical prostatectomy (RP). This information is essential to developing a body of literature guides future treatment of men in this patient population.

Case Description: The subject was a 57-year-old male with UI and pelvic floor hypertonicity 2 years post RP secondary to prostate cancer. He was treated in an outpatient physical therapy clinic using PFPT for a total of 7 weeks.

Outcomes: The resting tone of the subject’s pelvic floor muscles …

The Use Of Mechanical Diagnosis And Treatment And Physical Therapy Intervention In A 31-Year-Old Female With Low Back Pain After A Motor Vehicle Accident: A Retrospective Case Report, Brianna Fields

Research Days

ABSTRACT

Background/Purpose: Over 2 million people in the United States are injured each year in motor vehicle accidents (MVA) and experience subsequent low back pain (LBP). The purpose of this retrospective case report is to present the evidence and clinical reasoning behind a Mechanical Diagnosis and Treatment (MDT)-based physical therapy plan of care for a patient with LBP post-MVA.

Case Description: The patient was a 31-year-old African-American female with LBP after a MVA. The patient’s goals for physical therapy were to reduce pain with functional activities such as sitting, standing, walking, and return to pain-free function in duties …

Physical Therapy Clinical Decision Making, Intervention, And Outcomes Of A Patient With Cervicogenic Dizziness: A Retrospective Case Report, Melissa Koehl, Roberta O'Shea

Research Days

Background and Purpose: Cervicogenic dizziness (CGD) is believed to be a result of altered proprioception secondary to cervical spine pain and/or dysfunction.^..There currently are no validated clinical tests or clinical prediction rules to accurately identify CGD, however, there are published physical therapy clinical decision-making guidelines available. This retrospective case report describes the use of published guidelines to aid clinical decision-making regarding the physical therapy examination, interventions, and outcomes of a patient with CGD.

Case Description: The patient was a 66-year old woman referred to PT with the medical diagnosis of dizziness. A detailed history and thorough …

Systematic Review On Tobacco Marketing In Vulnerable Populations, Brittney Harding, Lisa Aponte-Soto, Phd, Mha

Research Days

Introduction: Tobacco use is the most common preventable cause of death and it increases one’s risk for numerous diseases, associated illness, and death. Unfortunately, certain populations are disproportionality burdened by tobacco-related morbidity and death. These populations consist of individuals from low-income areas, people with mental illnesses, lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transsexuals, African-Americans, and Hispanics/Latinos.

Methods: Articles were retrieved using Google Scholar, University of Illinois at Chicago Library (UIC) search engine, and PubMed. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website was used as source to find information about certain demographics. Articles were chosen if they were published between the years …

Surveying Prevalence Of Cryptosporidium In Fecal Material Of Rural And Suburban Canis Latrans Of Illinois, Emily E. Metzger

Research Days

Cryptosporidium is a microparasite that infects the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. This microparasite can cause waterborne disease and can be in any type of water source. In natural areas, animals, such as coyotes, drink from different water sources, such as streams, ponds, and stagnant pools. These water sources tend to have an abundance of fecal material run off from the surrounding areas. Because humans are slowly taking over natural land, they are having more frequent contact with wildlife. As coyotes are very pliable in using a diversity of habitats, they are slowing roaming into areas with …

2018 Guide Summer Research - Breast Cancer, Qur'annah Jones, Delawnia Comer-Hagans

Research Days

This research poster details the relationship between cancer treatments and alternative approaches, such as mindfulness. The purpose of this study was to determine the methodology used by doctors to treat breast cancer and their willingness to try a holistic approach. This study was conducted on site at the UIC Cancer Center as well as remotely within hospitals around the Chicagoland area. We determined that mindfulness is in fact a worthwhile asset to breast cancer patients and that the field of oncology could support further research.

Med Conformity: Enhance Adherence With Prescription Opioids, Nafees Qamar

Research Days

A person dies in America approximately every 16 minutes from opioid overdose. It is estimated that one in four patients receiving long-term opioid therapy in a primary care setting struggles with opioid addiction. Medication non-adherence causes unfavorable healthcare outcomes and raises healthcare costs through increased service utilization. We need to provide tools and information for healthcare professionals working on overdose prevention and treatment, and increase awareness and share best practices with providers and patients. Developing a digital health application to run on a smartphone is an inexpensive solution for addressing medication non-adherence. Objective data captured on a digital device can …

Extended Infusions Of Meropenem For Febrile Neutropenia, Daniel J. Przybylski, Pharmd, David J. Reeves, Pharmd, Bcop

BU Well

Background: Neutropenic fever is an oncologic emergency that requires quick intervention with anti-pseudomonal beta-lactam antibiotics, such as meropenem. Previous literature suggests that extended infusions of beta-lactam antibiotics may improve clinical outcomes. To date, there are 3 prior studies utilizing an extended infusion beta-lactam in this population; however, there is only one previous study investigating the use of extended infusion meropenem in patients with febrile neutropenia.

Objective: To describe the outcomes of eight patients receiving extended infusions of meropenem for the treatment of febrile neutropenia.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was completed including adult patients admitted to a community teaching hospital …

The Physiological Basis For Vitamin C As A Potential Treatment For Sepsis, Jennifer Johnston

BU Well

Accounting for one third of all hospital patient deaths in America, sepsis remains one of the most deadly and complicated conditions that healthcare providers treat. Septic shock, a progressed form of sepsis, is even more troublesome, as mortality rates typically fall between 50-72%. It has been proposed that administration of high doses of vitamin C could be an effective treatment for the condition due to the nutrient’s anti-stress and anti-shock properties. This investigation of the physiological reasoning for administering high doses of vitamin C evaluates the viability of its use in patients with septic shock.

Nanomedicine For The Treatment Of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, Tanvi Gandhi, B.Pharm

BU Well

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or NHL, is the predominant category of lymphoma. NHL is a type of lymphoid hematopoietic malignancy which approximately 70,000 Americans are diagnosed with annually, with the number of diagnoses growing annually. For decades, chemotherapy was the standard treatment of care, but since the discovery in 1997, monoclonal antibodies are increasingly used as an alternate form of therapy. Nonetheless, almost 20,000 Americans succumb to NHL annually, which highlights the translational gap between preclinical research and the market. Although a lot of progress has been made in therapy options by immunotherapy and combination chemotherapy, the ingenuity of nanomedicine may bridge …

The Ketogenic Diet: An Answer For Autism?, Anne Perez

BU Well

Lacking substantial evidence regarding its genetic identity, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a remarkably misunderstood condition with limited options for effective treatment. As the prevalence of patients with ASD increases, medical professionals continue to search for a solution. Could the ketogenic diet, a high fat, low carbohydrate nutrition plan, provide the relief that ASD patients are searching for?

Butting Heads: Tackling Football Concussion And Prevention, Mandy Mcdaniel

BU Well

Hundreds of thousands of sports concussions occur each year in the United States, and almost half of them are the result of a football injury. Even though they may not initially appear serious, concussions can lead to extreme cognitive impairments in those affected. This article highlights the importance of treating concussions properly and educating coaches, parents, and athletes on the value of allowing young athletes to take the time they need to fully recover.

The Misuse Of Over-The-Counter Nsaids, Sara Hudson

BU Well

Over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are some of the most frequently used analgesics. The misuse of these medications occurs frequently and often without the patient’s realization. Inappropriate use can cause acute NSAID overdoses or contribute to serious adverse effects. Health care providers continue to play an important role in emphasizing the safe use of these medications. This article examines the impacts of NSAID misuse in our society and how health care professionals can help address these issues.

Prescribing Exercise For Chronic Pain Management, Katie Hettinger

BU Well

In light of the opioid crisis, practitioners are looking for alternative ways to effectively treat pain. Utilizing exercise modalities as a method of pain management is becoming increasingly popular and more research is being done in this area than ever before. This article analyzes different research regarding exercise therapy for pain management, as well as what type of exercise has been found to be most beneficial for patients in pain.

Analysis Of Surgical Personnel Traffic In The Operating Room, Sophia Jarzembowski

18th Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2019)

Operating rooms (ORs) are one of the most aseptic environments in the hospital, but factors such as traffic caused by surgical personnel are associated with surgical site infections. This study proposes to evaluate the mean number of door swings per case among those trafficking the OR and reasons for entry and exit. This study will apply Florence Nightingale’s Environmental Theory, as this theory focuses on factors within the environment that can affect the patient’s outcome which is the main objective of this study. This observational study comes from log data (n= 71) of monitored scheduled surgical cases including the time, …

Preventing The Conversion From Prediabetes To Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Lifestyle Modification Versus Metformin Therapy, Kirsten Anderson

Physician Assistant Capstones

A 42-year-old mildly obese female returns to her primary care provider for lab results. Her screening comprehensive metabolic panel reveals an impaired fasting glucose of 120 mg/dL and her glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is 6.3 – squarely in the prediabetic range, bordering on conversion to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). At this point, should the clinician recommend lifestyle modifications alone? Lifestyle modifications and metformin? Would those recommendations necessarily vary if she was 65 years old or had a history of gestational diabetes (GDM)?

Program And Proceedings: Nebraska Academy Of Sciences 1880–2019, 139th Anniversary Year, One Hundred-Twenty-Ninth Annual Meeting, April 12, 2019

Nebraska Academy of Sciences: Programs and Proceedings

Program

Aeronautics and Space Science

Collegiate Academy: Biology

Biological and Medical Sciences

Chemistry and Physics

Teaching and Learning the Dynamics of Cellular Respiration Using Interactive Computer Simulations Workshop

Life After College: Building Your Resume for the Future Workshop

Collegiate Academy: Chemistry and Physics

Aeronautics and Space Science, Poster Session

Maiben Memorial Lecture: David Swanson

Anthropology

Applied Science and Technology

Earth Science

Environmental Sciences

Teaching of Science and Math

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2dm) “Remission” In Non-Bariatric Patients 65 Years And Older, Srikanth Tangelloju, Bert B. Little, Robert J. Esterhay, Guy Brock, A. Scott Lajoie

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Objective: To analyze the factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) “remission” in non-bariatric Medicare patients 65 years and older.

Research Design and Methods: A retrospective cohort analysis of a Medicare Advantage health plan was conducted using administrative data. An individual was identified as T2DM if the individual had: ≥ 2 medical claims for T2DM coded 250.xx excluding type 1 diabetes; or ≥ 2 pharmacy claims related to T2DM; or ≥ 2 combined medical claims, pharmacy claims for T2DM in 12 months. A T2DM individual was in “remission” if they had no T2DM related claims for more than 12 …

Theory Of Planned Behavior: Examining Breastfeeding Intentions And Behaviors, Rebecca Chema

18th Annual Celebration of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activity (2019)

Breastfeeding is the gold standard for infant nutrition, providing benefits to both infants and mothers. According to the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), a mother’s breastfeeding intention is directly related to the following antecedents: attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. The purpose of this descriptive, prospective study was to examine the relationship between antecedents and breastfeeding intentions and behavior at 60 days postpartum utilizing three online questionnaires administered prior to birth and at 10 and 60 days postpartum. The baseline questionnaire measured participants’ attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control toward breastfeeding intentions, while day 10 and day 60 …

Integration Of Heterogeneous Functional Genomics Data In Gerontology Research To Find Genes And Pathway Underlying Aging Across Species., Jason A. Bubier, George L Sutphin, Timothy J Reynolds, Ron Korstanje, Axis Fuksman-Kumpa, Erich J Baker, Michael A Langston, Elissa J Chesler

Faculty Research 2019

Understanding the biological mechanisms behind aging, lifespan and healthspan is becoming increasingly important as the proportion of the world's population over the age of 65 grows, along with the cost and complexity of their care. BigData oriented approaches and analysis methods enable current and future bio-gerontologists to synthesize, distill and interpret vast, heterogeneous data from functional genomics studies of aging. GeneWeaver is an analysis system for integration of data that allows investigators to store, search, and analyze immense amounts of data including user-submitted experimental data, data from primary publications, and data in other databases. Aging related genome-wide gene sets from …

Mir-181a/B Downregulation Exerts A Protective Action On Mitochondrial Disease Models., Alessia Indrieri, Sabrina Carrella, Alessia Romano, Alessandra Spaziano, Elena Marrocco, Erika Fernandez-Vizarra, Sara Barbato, Mariateresa Pizzo, Yulia Ezhova, Francesca M Golia, Ludovica Ciampi, Roberta Tammaro, Jorge Henao-Mejia, Adam Williams, Richard A Flavell, Elvira De Leonibus, Massimo Zeviani, Enrico M Surace, Sandro Banfi, Brunella Franco

Faculty Research 2019

Mitochondrial diseases (MDs) are a heterogeneous group of devastating and often fatal disorders due to defective oxidative phosphorylation. Despite the recent advances in mitochondrial medicine, effective therapies are still not available for these conditions. Here, we demonstrate that the microRNAs miR-181a and miR-181b (miR-181a/b) regulate key genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and function and that downregulation of these miRNAs enhances mitochondrial turnover in the retina through the coordinated activation of mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy. We thus tested the effect of miR-181a/b inactivation in different animal models of MDs, such as microphthalmia with linear skin lesions and Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. …

Acute Fondaparinux (Arixtra) Intentional Overdose Via Self-Injection: A Case Report, Andrew L. Koons Do, Kenneth D. Katz Md, Matthew D. Cook Do, Robert D. Cannon Do, Gillian A. Beauchamp Md, Ryan M. Surmaitis Do

Department of Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

The Inflammatory Potential Of Diet In Determining Cancer Risk; A Prospective Investigation Of Two Dietary Pattern Scores, Stina Bodén, Robin Myte, Maria Wennberg, Sophia Harlid, Ingegerd Johansson, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hébert, Bethany Van Guelpen, Lena Maria Nilsson

Faculty Publications

Purpose Inflammation-related mechanisms may contribute to the link between diet and cancer. We sought to investigate the inflammatory impact of diet on cancer risk using the Dietary inflammatory index (DII) and an adapted Mediterranean diet score (MDS).

Methods This population-based, prospective cohort study used self-reported dietary data from the Västerbotten Intervention Programme, including 100,881 participants, of whom 35,393 had repeated measures. Associations between dietary patterns and cancer risk were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression. We also used restricted cubic splines to test for potential non-linear associations.

Results A total of 9,250 incident cancer cases were diagnosed during a median …

Use Of Jejunostomy Tubes With Esophagectomy And Inpatient Healthcare Utilization In The National Readmissions Database, R. Zheng, Md, A. R. Rios-Diaz, Md, S. Liem, Bs, C. L. Devin, Md, N. R. Evans, Iii, Md, E. L. Rosato, Md, F. Palazzo, Md, A. C. Berger, Md

Department of Surgery Posters

Objectives

Evaluate the readmission rates and mortality associated with j-tubes post-esophagectomy nationally.

Rediscovering The Axolotl As A Model For Thyroid Hormone Dependent Development, Anne Crowner, Shivam Khatri, Dana Blichmann, S. Randal Voss

Neuroscience Faculty Publications

The Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) is an important model organism in biomedical research. Much current attention is focused on the axolotl's amazing ability to regenerate tissues and whole organs after injury. However, not forgotten is the axolotl's equally amazing ability to thwart aspects of tissue maturation and retain juvenile morphology into the adult phase of life. Unlike close tiger salamander relatives that undergo a thyroid hormone regulated metamorphosis, the axolotl does not typically undergo a metamorphosis. Instead, the axolotl exhibits a paedomorphic mode of development that enables a completely aquatic life cycle. The evolution of paedomorphosis allowed axolotls …