Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Ratio Of Rme Appliance Expansion To Increase In Arch Perimeter Using Cbct Imaging, Evan Agnetta

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Objective: This study measured CBCT images to determine if a consistent ratio exists between the quantifiable number of millimeters a cemented rapid palatal expansion appliance is opened and the subsequent increase in the arch perimeter obtained due to lateral expansion of the arch.

Methods: The following measurements: arch perimeter, arch width at first molars, first bicuspids, appliance length, as well as arch depth; were taken from CBCT images of patients who had completed RME therapy. These were obtained both before and after maxillary palatal expansion therapy using a fixed rapid palatal expander. Correlations were calculated for each of …

Examining The Need For Psychosocial Services In Pediatric Non-Accidental Trauma, Samantha Nicole O'Bannon

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Child abuse is a significant issue within our society. In 2014, there were a reported 702,208 cases of child abuse and neglect across the country, with nearly 120,000 suffering from physical abuse. Research has shown the adverse physical and psychological consequences of child maltreatment. Despite what we know about the benefits of early intervention for this population, the degree of implementation of psychosocial interventions, specifically in a hospital setting, remains unclear. In an initial study that utilized archival data from the Loma Linda University Children’s Hospital (LLUCH) Trauma Registry Database, researchers found that the majority of children admitted to the …

Predicting Functional Responses In Agro-Ecosystems From Animal Movement Data To Improve Management Of Invasive Pests, Mark Q. Wilber, Sarah M. Chinn, James C. Beasley, Raoul K. Bourghton, Ryan K. Brooks, Stephen S. Ditchkoff, Justin W. Fischer, Steve B. Hartley, Lindsey K. Holmstrom, John C. Kilgo, Jesse S. Lewis, Ryan S. Miller, Nathan P. Snow, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Samantha M. Wisely, Colleen T. Webb, Kim M. Peen

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Functional responses describe how changing resource availability affects consumer resource use, thus providing a mechanistic approach to prediction of the invasibility and potential damage of invasive alien species (IAS). However, functional responses can be context dependent, varying with resource characteristics and availability, consumer attributes, and environmental variables. Identifying context dependencies can allow invasion and damage risk to be predicted across different ecoregions. Understanding how ecological factors shape the functional response in agro-ecosystems can improve predictions of hotspots of highest impact and inform strategies to mitigate damage across locations with varying crop types and availability. We linked heterogeneous movement data across …

Meta-Analysis A Myriad Of Data - Is It Helpful?, James Harrop

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

The Development Of Face Morphing Task To Assess Self Other Differentiation, Esen Karan

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Self-Other Differentiation (SOD) refers to a developmental process of acquiring a consolidated, integrated, and individuated sense of self. SOD develops at a) perceptual (e.g., facial perception) and b) representational (e.g., traits, mental states, and beliefs) levels. Impairments in representational SOD (R-SOD) are associated with many forms of psychopathology, particularly borderline personality disorder (BPD) and narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). Few studies to date have examined the perceptual aspects of SOD (P-SOD), which are hypothesized to develop from infancy onwards in tandem and in interaction with R-SOD. Given that the human face is one of the key characteristics that humans use to …

Clinical Characteristics And Neuroanatomical Predictors Of Acute Antidepressant Outcome For Patients With Comorbid Depression And Mild Cognitive Impairment, Jeffrey N. Motter

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Background: Older adults presenting with both a depressive disorder (DEP) and cognitive impairment (CI) represent a unique, understudied population. The classification of cognitive impairment severity continues to be debated though it has recently been subtyped into late (LMCI) versus early (EMCI) stages. Previous studies have found associations between treatment outcome and both cortical thickness and white matter hyperintensities (WMH), though report inconsistent directionality and affected regions. In this study, we examined baseline clinical characteristics and neuroanatomical features as prognostic indicators for older adults with comorbid DEP and CI participating in an open antidepressant trial. EMCI is hypothesized to have greater …

Exploration Of The Inhibitory Properties Of The Nucleoside Antibiotic Salicyl-Ams And Analogues Targeting Siderophore Biosynthesis In Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Glennon Bythrow

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a resilient, obligate bacterial pathogen responsible for pulmonary tuberculosis disease (TB), that has upheld a significant impact on global public health throughout history. The World Health Organization (WHO) approximates nearly 10 million new TB cases arose in 2017 alone, accounting for 1.6 million deaths. There has been a notable rise in TB cases produced by multidrug‑resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of Mtb. This, along with the intrinsic resistance of Mtb to many standard drugs and poor patient compliance, is deeply impacting global control of TB. Among the several strategies currently in …

The Social Cost Of Pain: Rejection Sensitivity, Social Rejection, And Cannabis Use In Young Adults, Naomi Dambreville

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Cannabis has been implicated in relieving distress and social pain, an important area of research in young adult samples, given the saliency of peer and social networks to addiction. Cannabis, via opioid pathways, has been shown to reduce, or potentially buffer, the effects of social pain and rejection. Thus, cannabis may be protective against the painful feelings of social stress, particularly for heavier or more frequent users. However, findings are not wholly positive, as other research indicates cannabis may blunt affective responses and impair social processing. The effects of cannabis use in young adults are understudied, as well as its …

Relations Amongst Power, Self-Health Patterning, And Quality Of Life In Older Adults With Chronic Illness, Philip J. Gimber

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between power, self-health patterning, and quality of life in older adults with chronic illness using Rogers’ science of unitary human beings and Barrett’s theory of power. A cross-sectional, correlational design was used to examine the variables in a sample of approximately 100 older adults with chronic illness. This study revealed that power, self-health patterning, and quality of life are related to one another and that both power and self-health patterning are associated with enhanced quality of life.

Outcomes In Children With Additional Disabilities Following Cochlear Implantation: A Systematic Review, Rebecca M. Tuchman

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Background: Thirty percent of children with hearing loss have an additional disability. These children may be difficult to test according to standard audiologic behavioral test protocols. Additionally, progress within this population may present differently than in children with no additional disability. Currently, no evidence-based protocol exists for assessing cochlear implant benefit and outcomes in this population.

Objective: The purpose of this investigation is to perform a systematic review on the outcomes of cochlear implantation in children with additional disabilities. Specifically, this study focused on areas of function assessed, outcome measures used, and evidence of benefit observed.

Methods: A comprehensive search …

Eugenics In The 21st Century, Jessica Linn Chin

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Eugenics is the science of enhancing the human population through the management of breeding and hereditary traits. This thesis explores the history of eugenics and shows how eugenic practices continue in the 21^st century with advancements in technology and positive eugenic goals that can result in adverse effects on the human body and society. When Sir Francis Galton coined the term eugenics in 1883, he intended to improve British society with the use of positive eugenics. Galton used positive eugenics to encourage people with good mental and physical qualities to produce more children. He avoided negative eugenics, which involved …

Autoimmune Hepatitis In Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection, Mohamad Mubder, Mohamed Azab, Mahendran Jayaraj, Chad Cross, Daisy Lankarani, Banreet Dhindsa, Jen-Jung Pan, Gordon Ohning

School of Medicine Faculty Research

Background: Liver disease in patients with HIV is common and typically has complex and multifactorial presentations that represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is rarely reported in patient with HIV and the disease course and clinical outcomes for treatment have not been well characterized. We are aiming to determine the patient characteristics, disease prevalence, and treatment outcomes from published articles of patients with HIV and AIH. Method: A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar through February 20th, 2019 identified 15 studies that reported the outcomes of AIH in patients with HIV. …

Cross-Sectional Study Of Knowledge Of Stroke Management Amongst Doctors Of A Tertiary Care Hospital; Peshawar, Pakistan, Muhammad Fozan Khan, Farzana Behttani, Omer Nasim, Muhammad Shahid Iqbal, Sohail Khan, Muhammad Khizar Hayat

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and neurological disability worldwide. ‘Time is brain’ and prompt management of stroke is vital to improve the outcomes. Knowledge of stroke management is important for clinicians working in various specialties and this study focused on evaluation of this vital aspect.

Association Of Fish Oil And Physical Activity On Mobility Disability In Older Adults, Anoop T. Balachandran

Publications and Research

Purpose: This study aimed to examine whether long-term fish oil (FO) supplementation is associated with a lower risk of mobility disability and enhances benefits of physical activity (PA). Methods: A total of 1635 sedentary adults age 70 to 89 yr from the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders single-blinded randomized,multicenter clinical trial, which compared a structured PA program to a health education program. Primary outcome was incident major mobility disability (MMD), defined by loss of ability to walk 400 m, measured every 6 months for an average of 2.6 yr. Secondary outcomes included persistent mobility disability, Short Physical Performance Battery, …

Prevention Of Mental Illness In Chronic Disease Patients: Role Of Psychiatric Nurses In Community(การป้องกันการเจ็บป่วยทางจิตในผู้ป่วยโรคเรื้อรัง : บทบาทพยาบาลจิตเวชในชุมชน), Aungsana Khlaisuk

Journal of Nursing Research, Innovation, and Health

Several studies have shown that chronic disease lead to mental illness especially in patients with cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes and cancer. People with chronic disease suffering from mental illness may effect on motivation in self - care and lead to more severity of chronic disease that likely to difficult and complex to treatment. Therefore, the mental illness prevention are important and challenging to psychiatric nurse in community. The purpose of this article is present the role of community psychiatric nurse in preventing mental illness that consist of primary prevention, secondary prevention and tertiary prevention.(การศึกษาวิจัยจำนวนมากพบว่าการป่วยด้วยโรคเรื้อรังทางกายส่งผลให้เกิดการเจ็บป่วยทางจิตใจ โดยเฉพาะในผู้ป่วยกลุ่มโรคหัวใจและหลอดเลือด โรคหลอดเลือดสมอง โรคเบาหวาน และโรคมะเร็ง เมื่อผู้ป่วยเหล่านี้มีการเจ็บป่วยทางจิตใจ ก็ขาดแรงจูงใจและขาดศักยภาพในการดูแลตนเอง …

The Effect Of Enhancing Family Cargiving Abilty Program On Autistic Symptoms Among Autistic Preschoolers(ผลของโปรแกรมเสริมสร้างความสามารถในการดูแลของครอบครัว ต่ออาการออทิสติกของเด็กออทิสติกวัยก่อนเรียน), Suchawalee Punphong, Jintana Yunibhand, Sunisa Suktrakul

Journal of Nursing Research, Innovation, and Health

Purpose: 1) to compare autistic symptoms among autistic preschoolers before and after using the enhancing family caregiving ability program, and 2) to compare autistic symptoms among autistic preschoolers using the enhancing family caregiving ability program and those received usual nursing care.Design: Quasi-experimental research Methods: Research sample consisted of forty Autistic children, aged 3-6 and family receiving services in the outpatient clinic of Yuwaprasartwaithayopathum hospital, selected by inclusion criteria, were matched pair by sex of autistic children and type of medicine which autistic children received in the same type, then, equally randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group …

Selected Factors Related To Physical Functional Abilityamong Stroke Older Persons(ปัจจัยคัดสรรที่สัมพันธ์กับการทำหน้าที่ด้านร่างกายของผู้สูงอายุโรคหลอดเลือดสมอง), Boontarika Maneechot, Siriphan Sasat

Journal of Nursing Research, Innovation, and Health

Purpose: 1) To study the physical functional ability of stroke older persons and 2) To study relationships between gender, age, depression, social support, cognition, and physical functional ability of stroke older persons.Research Design: Descriptive correlational researchMethodology: The participants were 121 men and women with stroke, aged over 60, who visited the out-patient department of the 2 tertiary hospitals. They came from purposive sampling. The questionnaire was applied to collect data. The instruments were the demographic questionnaire, Social supports assessment, Thai Geriatric Depression Scale, cognition assessment using MMSE-Thai 2002, and Barthel ADL Index. The content validity is .92 and the reliability …

Peripheral Vascular Injuries - Not To Miss Or Mess Them!, Zia Ur Rehman

Department of Surgery Docs

No abstract provided.

Homoeopathy Research – Building Up The Evidence, Anil Khurana

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

No abstract provided.

Lycopodium Clavatum For The Management Of Urolithiasis: A Randomised Double Blind Placebo Controlled Trial, Rupali Bhalerao, Oberai Praveen, Pritha Mehra, Yogendra Rai, Gurudev Choubey, Amulya Sahoo, A Majumder, Mahesh Sah, A Gupta

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Urolithiasis is the most common disease of urinary tract found worldwide. There are several approaches for the treatment of urolithiasis that include the use of various synthetic and natural drugs and/or surgery in the conventional system of medicine. Objective: This study was taken up to evaluate the efficacy of Lycopodium clavatum in the management of urolithiasis. Materials and Methods: A multicentric, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted. Patients having symptomatology like Lycopodium clavatum were enrolled after screening and repertorisation as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. During acute renal colic, despite group allocation, the patients were either prescribed the …

Antimicrobial Activity Of Different Homoeopathic Drugs And Their Potencies Against 'Aspergillus Niger' In Vitro, Suneel Prajapati, Sharma Mahima, Arun Kumar, Pankaj Gupta, Binit Dwivedi, Bhopal Arya, Renu Arya, Debadatta Nayak

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Homoeopathic remedies are widely used all over the world for different disease conditions. Approximately 70% are derived from the plant; however, their preclinical evaluation is still a major concern. Objective: This study was undertaken with an aim to explore the antimicrobial effect of different homoeopathic drugs and its potencies against the Aspergillus niger. Materials and Methods: Fifteen homoeopathic mother tinctures (Θ) and their potencies (3x, 6x, 12x) were tested for their biological activity against the human pathogenic fungi A. niger using disc diffusion method according to clinical and laboratory standard (CLSIM44-A) with slight modifications. The diameter of zone of …

A Review On Animal-Based Homoeopathic Drugs And Their Applications In Biomedicine, Bibaswan Biswas, Sundaram E, Shyaga Jhansi, Satish Patel, Anil Khurana, Raj Manchanda

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Homoeopathy is one of the most well-practiced medical systems in the world. In Homoeopathy, like all other natural sources, animal and their secretions have been widely used. However, unlike other natural sources of homoeopathic drugs, for example, plants and chemicals, the collection and preparation of animal-based drugs are extremely challenging, especially for drugs from exotic animals. Considering the challenges, we envision that a review regarding the animal-based therapeutics, used in Homoeopathy, may be useful. Our review, consistently has found that the discoveries of the modern biomedicine agree with the reports from the homoeopathic literature. In many cases, the recent biomedical …

Resolution Of Vocal Cord Nodules With Individualised Homoeopathic Treatment, Suraia Parveen, Nath Ranita

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Vocal Cord Nodules (VCNs) are localised benign, superficial growths on the medial surface of the true vocal folds resulting primarily from voice abuse, overuse or misuse and clinically manifested by progressive hoarseness of voice, with increased effort required to produce the voice, vocal fatigue and discomfort or pain in the throat. Conventional treatment methods include conservative voice therapy and surgical intervention. Both treatment methods are required for the resolution of VCNs with improvement of clinical symptoms. Here, a 44-year-old male teacher presented with a history of progressive hoarseness with vocal fatigue, discomfort in the throat during talking and bilateral VCNs …

Proving Non-Conventional Methods: A Paradigmatic Paradox, Lex Rutten

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Originally, it was thought that Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) would supplant decision-making based on intuition or plausibility. Later, it appeared that the gold standard in EBM, the Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT), was not as 'hard' a reference point as had been supposed, and an assessment of credibility was needed. After some decades, 'credible' RCT-centred EBM has led to the dismissal of therapies deemed to be implausible, such as Homoeopathy. Nevertheless, such therapies remain widely appreciated by patients who use them alongside conventional medicine. Nearly two hundred RCTs of Homoeopathy showed no difference in efficacy between Homoeopathy and comparable conventional trials. There …

Research Highlights (June–July 2019), Meenakshi Bhatia

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

No abstract provided.

Air Pollution, Neighborhood Deprivation, And Autism Spectrum Disorder In The Study To Explore Early Development, Laura A. Mcguinn, Gayle C. Windham, Lynne C. Messer, Di Qian, Joel Schwartz, Lisa A. Croen, Eric J. Moody, Ana G. Rappold, Multiple Additional Authors

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: To examine whether neighborhood deprivation modifies the association between early life air pollution exposure and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), we used resources from a multisite case–control study, the Study to Explore Early Development.

Methods: Cases were 674 children with confirmed ASD born in 2003–2006; controls were 855 randomly sampled children born during the same time period and residents of the same geographic areas as cases. Air pollution was assessed by roadway proximity and particulate matter

Results: Neighborhood deprivation modified (P_{for interaction} = 0.08) the association between PM2.5 exposure during the first year of life …

World Health Organization Cardiovascular Disease Risk Charts: Revised Models To Estimate Risk In 21 Global Regions, Stephen Kaptoge, Lisa Pennells, Dirk De Bacquer, Marie Therese Cooney, Maryam Kavousi, Gretchen Stevens, Leanne Margaret Riley, Stefan Savin, Taskeen Khan, Servet Altay, Carlos J. Crespo, Multiple Additional Authors

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: To help adapt cardiovascular disease risk prediction approaches to low-income and middle-income countries, WHO has convened an effort to develop, evaluate, and illustrate revised risk models. Here, we report the derivation, validation, and illustration of the revised WHO cardiovascular disease risk prediction charts that have been adapted to the circumstances of 21 global regions.

Methods: In this model revision initiative, we derived 10-year risk prediction models for fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular disease (ie, myocardial infarction and stroke) using individual participant data from the Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration. Models included information on age, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, history …

25 Years Of Workforce Development: The Story Of One Health Network’S “Research Scholar” Internship Program, Margaret A. Hadinger Edd, Ms, Kerri Green Ms, Med., Brooke Zumas Psyd

Department of Education

No abstract provided.

A Study Protocol On Comparative Randomised Controlled Trial Of Homoeopathy -Vs- Allopathy In Acute Otitis Media And Its Recurrence In Children, Central Council For Research In Homoeopathy Ccrh

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Background: Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common acute infections in children, and injudicious prescription of antibiotics may lead to increase of antibiotic-resistant cases. Homoeopathic treatment may provide a safer and more effective treatment. Objective: Earlier, a pilot study conducted by the Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy (CCRH) on eighty patients at a single centre showed non-inferiority results. This study shall be undertaken to substantiate the earlier findings. Methods: This will be an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled (parallel arm) trial to be conducted on children in the age group of 2–12 years, suffering from AOM. The …

Association Between Maxillary Transverse Discrepancy And Occurrence Of Potentially Impacted Maxillary Canines In Mixed Dentition Patients, Farhana Ghaffar, Rashna Hoshang Sukhia, Mubassar Fida

Section of Dental-Oral Maxillofacial Surgery

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the association between transverse maxillary discrepancy and occurrence of potentially impacted maxillary canines in mixed dentition patients.
Material and methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 85 Pakistani subjects (32 males and 53 females) aged between 8 to 13 years, having good quality orthopantomographs and dental casts. Maxillary transverse discrepancy was assessed by subtracting the mandibular intermolar width from the maxillary intermolar width on dental cast. Maxillary lateral incisors and canines were traced from orthopantomographs, and canines were placed into sector classification. Chi-square test was used to determine the difference …