Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Validity Of Wrist-Worn Consumer Products To Measure Heart Rate And Energy Expenditure, R. S. Thiebaud, Merrill D. Funk, Jacelyn C. Patton, Brook L. Massey, Terri E. Shay, Martin G. Schmidt, Nicolas Giovannitti

Health & Human Performance Faculty Publications

Introduction: The ability to monitor physical activity throughout the day and during various activities continues to improve with the development of wrist-worn monitors. However, the accuracy of wrist-worn monitors to measure both heart rate and energy expenditure during physical activity is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of several popular wrist-worn monitors at measuring heart rate and energy expenditure.

Methods: Participants wore the TomTom Cardio, Microsoft Band and Fitbit Surge on randomly assigned locations on each wrist. The maximum number of monitors per wrist was two. The criteria used for heart rate and energy …

Prevalence And Predictors Of Low Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Among Female African-American Breast Cancer Survivors, Patricia M. Sheean, Claudia Arroyo, Jennifer Woo, Melinda Stolley

Nursing: School of Nursing Faculty Publications and Other Works

Background:

African-American breast cancer survivors commonly demonstrate low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). Decreased cutaneous conversion, high levels of adiposity, and even breast cancer treatment may influence vitamin D status. Previous investigations have analyzed African-American women in aggregate with other breast cancer survivors and have not comprehensively addressed these influential factors.

Medical Art Therapy, Hope Kinney, Elizabeth Mueller

LMU Theses and Dissertations

This research explores the experiences and practices of Medical Art Therapists; specifically, how working with clients in a medical setting, often as a part of a multidisciplinary team, impacts the work of an Art Therapist. Researchers reviewed the general literature regarding children and adults’ experiences of hospitalization and utilization of psychosocial services. Medical Art Therapy literature is reviewed next, emphasizing work with children, families, and adults. Informed by the literature, researchers invited Medical Art Therapists to participate in a focus group and/or follow-up survey. Researchers conducted a focus group in which participants discussed their experiences and created response art. A …

Evaluation Of Pharmacy Students’ Tendency To Self-Medicate, Rebekah Lee Crandall, Danielle O'Neal

Senior Theses

Objective: To investigate whether the tendency to self-medicate increases as students progress though the pharmacy curriculum.

Design: An online survey was administered through Survey Monkey by a link sent to the email addresses of students who attended the South Carolina College of Pharmacy/ University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy (SCCP/USC-COP) during the 2017-2018 school year.

Methods: Self-medication was defined as the use of over-the-counter (OTC) medications, medications prescribed to another person, and recreational (i.e. alcohol, tobacco) or illicit substances for therapeutic purposes. The primary outcome was the likelihood of each class of pharmacy students to self-medicate based on a …

Incidence, Clinical Manifestations And Risk Factors Of Acute Rheumatic Fever: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of The Global Perspective, Jessica Fritzler

Masters Theses

Acute Rheumatic Fever (ARF) is a system-wide disease in which chronic, wide spread inflammatory changes occur in response to a group A streptococcal (GAS) infection that most often affects children and adolescents and those from developing countries. The aim of this study is to calculate the global incidence of ARF and identify the frequencies of major and clinical manifestations and risk factors globally to provide a better indication of the burden of disease and additional information on the dispersion of manifestations and risk factors. A meta-analysis was conducted by pooling cross-sectional and cohort studies, and Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports …

Addressing Multiple Modifiable Risks Through Structured Community-Based Learning Clubs To Improve Maternal And Infant Health And Infant Development In Rural Vietnam: Protocol For A Parallel Group Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial, Jane Fisher, Tuan Tran, Stanley Luchters, Thach D. Tran, David B. Hipgrave, Sarah Hanieh, Ha Tran, Julie Simpson, Trang Nguyen, Minh Le, Beverley-Ann Biggs

Population Health, East Africa

Introduction: Optimal early childhood development is an international priority. Risks during pregnancy and early childhood have lasting effects because growth is rapid. We will test whether a complex intervention addressing multiple modifiable risks: maternal nutrition, mental health, parenting capabilities, infant health and development and gender-based violence, is effective in reducing deficient cognitive development among children aged two in rural Vietnam.

Methods and analysis: The Learning Clubs intervention is a structured programme combining perinatal stage-specific information, learning activities and social support. It comprises 20 modules, in 19 accessible, facilitated groups for women at a community centre and one home visit. Evidence-informed …

Dfn 220 Ethnic And Therapeutic Meal Patterns, Katherine Burt

Open Educational Resources

An in-depth exploration of foods and foodways of diverse populations and cultures. Examination of the effect of ethnic, geographic, ecological and historical factors on foods, foodways, health and diet related diseases.

The full course site is available at https://culturalfoods.commons.gc.cuny.edu/.

Comparison Of Serum And Cervical Cytokine Levels Throughout Pregnancy Between Preterm And Term Births, Kristin Ashford, Niraj R. Chavan, Amanda T. Wiggins, Molly Malany Sayre, Andrea Mccubbin, Agatha S. Critchfield, John O'Brien

Nursing Faculty Publications

Objective To assess differences in cytokine levels in cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) and serum across trimesters between women with preterm births (PTBs) and full-term births.

Study Design This multicenter study enrolled 302 women with a singleton gestation. CVF and serum cytokines, interleukin 1α (IL-1α), IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, were measured. Women with at least one cytokine assessment and noted PTB status in their medical record were retained in the study (N = 272). Data were analyzed using mixed modeling (main effects of PTBs and time/trimester).

Results For the CVF …

Prediction Factors For Release Of Wildlife At A Midwestern Rehabilitation Facility, Abigail E. Smith

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Projects

Wildlife rehabilitation is a large and internationally known field with thousands of rehabilitators around the world. Resources, such as time and money, are extremely limited in rehabilitation facilities and not all animals are candidates for release due to injuries or illnesses that make them unlikely to survive in the wild. Understanding what factors predict release would be useful in focusing limited resources, but there has been little investigation previously. The purpose of this study is to determine what factors affect the survival of mammals and birds at an American Midwest wildlife rehabilitation center. It was found that animals admitted with …

Identifying Burnout And Its Risk Factors In Clinical Nurse Specialists, Mackenzie White

Nursing Masters

Background: Recently the burnout phenomenon has been studied in bedside nurses. Research has shown poor patient outcomes and nurses leaving the bedside earlier as a result. Burnout has not yet been studied in Clinical Nurse Specialists (CNS).

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the level of burnout in Clinical Nurse Specialists and see if there was a trend or significant risk factors.

Methods: A survey utilizing the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was distributed through social media platforms for snowball sampling, all online.

Results: There was no difference found between CNSs that had been practicing for greater than five …

Nurses' Knowledge Of Heart Failure Education, Susan St. James

Nursing Masters

Background:Nurses are the primary educators for a patient and their family when a patient is in the hospital. Previous studies have shown that nurses are not adequately prepared to educate patients and their support person regarding heart failure.

Objective/Purpose: To assess prior knowledge of heart failure education before an educational intervention that aims to increase nursing staff knowledge of heart failure education.

Methods: An educational session with a pre-test and a post-test was conducted regarding heart failure. A convenience sample of heart failure nurses was recruited from a cardiac care unit.

Results: While a total of 19 participants completed …

Diagnostic Dilemma Of Patients With Methylmalonic Aciduria: Experience From A Tertiary Care Centre In Pakistan, Hafsa Majid, Aysha Habib Khan, Lena Jafri, Azeema Jamil, Nasir Yousufzai, Midhat Fatima, Zeba Zulfiqar Ali, Bushra Afroze

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective: To determine the frequency of disorders leading to methylmalonic acidurias.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2013 to April 2016 at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised patients diagnosed with methylmalonic acidurias based on urine organic acid analysis. Clinical history and biochemical data was collected from the biochemical genetics laboratory requisition forms. Organic acid chromatograms of all the subjects were critically reviewed by a biochemical pathologist and a metabolic physician. For assessing the clinical outcome, medical charts of the patients were reviewed. SPSS 19 was used for data analysis.
Results: Of the 1,778 patients 50(2.81%) …

Massive Tumor Thrombus In Left Renal Vein Andiinferior Vena Cava In Renal Cell Carcinoma On 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computerized Tomography: "Suspension Bridge Sign"., Maseeh Uz Zaman, Nosheen Fatima, Unaiza Zaman, Rabia Tahseen, Sidra Zaman

Department of Radiology

Tumor thrombosis is a relatively uncommon complication of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and its diagnosis has therapeutic and prognostic implication. Computerized tomography (CT) is the primary imaging modality for staging RCC, but it has low sensitivity to differentiate between tumor thrombus and bland or benign thrombus. 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) has a limited role in diagnosis and staging of RCC, but its diagnostic accuracy is considerably high for detection of metabolically active tumor thrombus. We are presenting a case of metastatic left-sided RCC with massive hypermetabolic tumor thrombus extending from left kidney to left renal vein and inferior vena …

A Variant Of Crossed Pulmonary Arteries In Association With Coarctation Of Aorta, Rabail Raza, Kumail Khandwala, Hafsa Qayyum, Muhammad Anwar Saeed, Anwar Ahmad

Department of Radiology

Crossed or "crisscross" pulmonary arteries (CPA) are a result of an anomalous origin and course of both the pulmonary arteries from the main pulmonary trunk in which the left pulmonary artery (PA) ostium usually lies directly superior and to the right PA ostium after which they cross each other and supply their respective lungs. This condition is usually associated with conotruncal malformations and genetic syndromes. We describe a case report of an infant, suspected to have Down syndrome, who was diagnosed with CPA and coarctation of aorta on computed tomography (CT) angiography. Our case is unusual because in our patient …

Curbing The Hepatitis C Virus Epidemic In Pakistan: The Impact Of Scaling Up Treatment And Prevention For Achieving Elimination, Aaron G. Lim, Huma Qureshi, Hassan Mahmood, Saeed Hamid, Charlotte F. Davies, Adam Trickey, Nancy Glass, Quaid Saeed, Hannah Fraser, Josephine G. Walker,

Department of Medicine

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed a global health strategy to eliminate viral hepatitis. We project the treatment and prevention requirements to achieve the WHO HCV elimination target of reducing HCV incidence by 80% and HCV-related mortality by 65% by 2030 in Pakistan, which has the second largest HCV burden worldwide.
Methods: We developed an HCV transmission model for Pakistan, and calibrated it to epidemiological data from a national survey (2007), surveys among people who inject drugs (PWID), and blood donor data. Current treatment coverage data came from expert opinion and published reports. The model projected the HCV …

Gfra1: A Novel Molecular Target For The Prevention Of Osteosarcoma Chemoresistance, Mihwa Kim, Dae Joon Kim

Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications

The glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked GDNF (glial cell derived neurotrophic factor) receptor alpha (GFRA), a coreceptor that recognizes the GDNF family of ligands, has a crucial role in the development and maintenance of the nervous system. Of the four identified GFRA isoforms, GFRA1 specifically recognizes GDNF and is involved in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation, and migration of neuronal cells. GFRA1 has also been implicated in cancer cell progression and metastasis. Recent findings show that GFRA1 can contribute to the development of chemoresistance in osteosarcoma. GFRA1 expression was induced following treatment of osteosarcoma cells with the popular anticancer drug, cisplatin and induction of …

Value Of Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio As A Predictor Of Mortality In Patients Undergoing Aortic Valve Replacement, Mirette Habib, Mohammad Thawabi, Amer Hawatmeh, Habib Habib, Walid Elkhalili, Fayez Shamoon, Medhat Zaher

NYMC Faculty Publications

Background: Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been studied as a measure of inflammation and as a prognosticating factor in various medical conditions including neoplastic, inflammatory and cardiovascular. The prognostic role of NLR in predicting mortality in patients with aortic stenosis undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) has not been studied. The aim of our study is to explore the utility of NLR as a predictor of both, short and long-term mortality, in patients undergoing surgical AVR. Methods: Consecutive patients with aortic stenosis admitted for AVR to our institution were evaluated for study inclusion. Of the 335 patients admitted from …

The Nature Of Child Engagement And Teacher-Child Interactions Within Stem-Based Instruction In Preschool Classrooms, Hayley Ann Griffin

Theses and Dissertations

While educators and speech-language pathologists have been found to utilize informational texts far less than fictional texts when working with young children, informational texts can support young children's academic and language development. This study qualitatively analyzed how children engaged in informationally-based activities and how instructors interacted with children to support their engagement and learning. Fifty-three children from 4 Head Start classrooms participated in small and large group STEM-based instructional activities for 2 days each across 2 weeks. The instructional unit related to how plants grow and how they are used for food. The researchers reviewed and transcribed video recordings and …

An Examination Of Athletic Directors' Perceptions Of The Utilization Of Athletic Trainers In The Secondary School Setting, Stephanie H. Clines

Health Services Research Dissertations

Many secondary school athletes are lacking appropriate medical care during sport participation. Athletic trainers (ATs) are qualified healthcare professionals that can fill this need. Barriers to hiring ATs within this setting have been identified, however important information from administrators is lacking on why secondary schools choose to utilize ATs. Understanding this decision making process has the potential to guide future strategies to increase the number of secondary schools that employ ATs and improve retention of athletic training positions within the secondary school setting.

Our objective was to explore athletic directors’ perceptions of the roles and services provided by ATs working …

Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of A Gaze-Based Training Intervention On Latent Hazard Anticipation Skills For Young Drivers: A Driving Simulator Study, Yusuke Yamani, Pinar Biçaksiz, Dakota B. Palmer, Nathan Hatfield, Siby Samuel

Psychology Faculty Publications

A PC-based training program (Road Awareness and Perception Training or RAPT; Pradhan et al., 2009), proven effective for improving young novice drivers' hazard anticipation skills, did not fully maximize the hazard anticipation performance of young drivers despite the use of similar anticipation scenarios in both, the training and the evaluation drives. The current driving simulator experiment examined the additive effects of expert eye movement videos following RAPT training on young drivers' hazard anticipation performance compared to video-only and RAPT-only conditions. The study employed a between-subject design in which 36 young participants (aged 18-21) were equally and randomly assigned to one …

Antihypertensive Drug Therapy, Wilbert S. Aronow

NYMC Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Management Of Cardiac Hemochromatosis, Wilbert S. Aronow

NYMC Faculty Publications

Iron-overload syndromes may be hereditary or acquired. Patients may be asymptomatic early in the disease. Once heart failure develops, there is rapid deterioration. Cardiac hemochromatosis is characterized by a dilated cardiomyopathy with dilated ventricles, reduced ejection fraction, and reduced fractional shortening. Deposition of iron may occur in the entire cardiac conduction system, especially the atrioventricular node. Cardiac hemochromatosis should be considered in any patient with unexplained heart failure. Screening for systemic iron overload with serum ferritin and transferin saturation should be performed. If these tests are consistent with iron overload, further noninvasive and histologic confirmation is indicated to confirm organ …

Edoxaban Plus Aspirin Vs Dual Antiplatelet Therapy In Endovascular Treatment Of Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease: Results Of The Epad Trial., Frans Moll, Iris Baumgartner, Michael Jaff, Chuke Nwachuku, Marco Tangelder, Gary Ansel, George Adams, Thomas Zeller, John Rundback, Michael Grosso, Min Lin, Michele F Mercur, Erich Minar, Epad Investigators

Pharmacy Articles

PURPOSE: To report a randomized study that investigated the safety (risk of major bleeds) and potential efficacy of edoxaban, an oral anticoagulant that targets the major components of arterial thrombi, to prevent loss of patency following endovascular treatment (EVT).

METHODS: Between February 2012 and June 2014, 203 patients who underwent femoropopliteal EVT were randomized to receive aspirin plus edoxaban or aspirin plus clopidogrel for 3 months in the Edoxaban in Peripheral Arterial Disease (ePAD) study ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01802775). Randomization assigned 101 patients (mean age 68.0±10.4 years; 67 men) to the edoxaban group and 102 patients (mean age 66.7±8.6 years; …

Inhibition Of Dna Methyltransferase Leads To Increased Genomic 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine Levels In Hematopoietic Cells., Borbála Vető, Pál Szabó, Caroline Bacquet, Anna Apró, Edit Hathy, Judit Kiss, János M. Réthelyi, Flóra Szeri, Dávid Szüts, Tamás Arányi

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is produced from 5-methylcytosine (5mC) by Ten-eleven translocation (TET) dioxygenases. The epigenetic modification 5hmC has crucial roles in both cellular development and differentiation. The 5hmC level is particularly high in the brain. While 5mC is generally associated with gene silencing/reduced expression, 5hmC is a more permissive epigenetic mark. To understand its physiological function, an easy and accurate quantification method is required. Here, we have developed a novel LC-MS/MS-based approach to quantify both genomic 5mC and 5hmC contents. The method is based on the liberation of nucleobases by formic acid. Applying this method, we characterized the levels of DNA …

Prophylactic Antibiotics To Reduce Pelvic Infection In Women Having Miscarriage Surgery – The Aims (Antibiotics In Miscarriage Surgery) Trial: Study Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial, David Lissauer, Amie Wilson, Jane Daniels, Lee Middleton, Jon Bishop, Catherine Hewitt, Abi Merriel, Rahat Qureshi, Iffat Ahmed, Humera Ismail

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: The estimated annual global burden of miscarriage is 33 million out of 210 million pregnancies. Many women undergoing miscarriage have surgery to remove pregnancy tissues, resulting in miscarriage surgery being one of the most common operations performed in hospitals in low-income countries. Infection is a serious consequence and can result in serious illness and death. In low-income settings, the infection rate following miscarriage surgery has been reported to be high. Good quality evidence on the use of prophylactic antibiotics for surgical miscarriage management is not available. Given that miscarriage surgery is common, and infective complications are frequent and serious, …

Household Chores As The Main Source Of Physical Activity: Perspectives Of Pregnant Pakistani Women, Zahra Hoodbhoy, Rahat Qureshi, Romaina Iqbal, Qamarunissa Muhabat

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Objective: To understand the level of physical activity in pregnant women and to identify perceived facilitators and barriers faced by them.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2016 at Aga Khan Maternity and Child Care Centre, Hyderabad, Pakistan, and comprised pregnant women attending the antenatal clinics. They were administered the pregnancy physical activity questionnaire while additional questions were asked to assess perceived barriers and facilitators in pregnancy. SPSS 19 was used for data analysis.
Results: Of the 455 subjects, 179(36%) were physically active. Their median metabolic equivalent of task hours per week was 14.65 (interquartile …

Health Supplement Use And Related Adverse Events In Dubai, United Arab Emirates: A Cross-Study, Naseem Mohammed Rafee Abdulla

Philosophy Dissertations

Health supplement products contain ingredients of more than a thousand chemicals. Several of these chemicals may adversely affect human health. Previous studies have found that consumers are generally unaware of the risks of health supplements and their associated adverse events. In addition, they are unaware of the appropriate reporting process to relevant authorities should adverse events occur. Moreover, many healthcare professionals have inadequate knowledge, attitude, and practice in health supplement consumption-related adverse events and their reporting. The purpose of this research was to measure the health supplement consumption in the population of Dubai, the adverse events thereof, and the level …

Diabetes Prevention Program: Exploring Spirituality And Spiritual Interventions On Outcomes, Sharon E. Plutko Long

Dissertations

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to explore a relationship between a modified Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) for adults with pre-diabetes (pre-DM) or type-2 DM with variables of spirituality and religiosity (S/R) to illuminate the potential religion-health connection based in changes in participant weight, body mass index (BMI) and physical activity. A secondary purpose is identifying spiritual interventions used by faith-based DPP coaches in a group setting.

Methods

A mixed-methods study was conducted with 34 DPP participants and 11 DPP coaches who completed the core section (weeks 1-26) of DPP courses held in Macomb Country, Michigan. Independent variables are …

Maternal Child Health Nurses' Care Of The Opioid Addicted Mother And Infant: A Grounded Theory Study, Alice Marie Nash

Theses & Dissertations

Problem: Opioid addiction in pregnancy is a public health crisis that is growing daily. This increased use of opioids during pregnancy has caused a steady rise in the number of infants born addicted to opioids. Current trends in maternal child heath (MCH) settings encourage mothers and babies to be cared for together. Nurses who work in MCH settings care for the opioid addicted mother and her infant(s) as a single patient dyad. Care required for the opioid-addicted mother-infant dyad (OAMID) presents challenges to maternal-child health (MCH) nurses related to the consequences of opioid addiction.

Purpose: The purpose of this grounded …

The Relationship Of Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy To Breastfeeding Duration And Breastfeeding Exclusivity Of Full-Term Infants In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Mixed Method Study, Karen Hylton-Mcguire

Theses & Dissertations

Background

Research demonstrates better health outcomes for both women and their infants when infants are breast-fed. There is evidence that an increasing number of full-term, normal birth weight infants are being admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and that these infants receive less breast milk than their well full-term and preterm infant counter parts. The effect of short-term admission of full-term infants to the NICU on maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding exclusivity and duration, and the facilitators of and barriers to breastfeeding success reported by these mothers, has not been well explored.

Purpose

The purpose of this study …