Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Evaluation Of The Illumigene Mycoplasma Direct Dna Amplification Assay, Neena Kanwar, Morgan A. Pence, Donna Mayne, Jeff Michael, Rangaraj Selvarangan

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Copyright © 2018 Kanwar et al. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia. The illumigene Mycoplasma Direct (IMD) DNA amplification assay is a qualitative in vitro test utilizing loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technology for the direct detection of M. Pneumoniae DNA in respiratory specimens. The IMD assay does not require the preextraction of nucleic acids from specimens, which is a prerequisite step for the previously approved illumigene Mycoplasma (iM) assay. The aim of this prospective multicenter study was to evaluate the performance characteristics of the newly developed IMD assay, compared with the iM assay. Subjects with symptoms of …

Perspectives From The Society For Pediatric Research: Interventions Targeting Social Needs In Pediatric Clinical Care., Andrew F. Beck, Alicia J. Cohen, Jeffrey D. Colvin, Caroline M. Fichtenberg, Eric W. Fleegler, Arvin Garg, Laura M. Gottlieb, Matthew S S. Pantell, Megan T. Sandel, Adam Schickedanz, Robert S. Kahn

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

The social determinants of health (SDoH) are defined by the World Health Organization as the "conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age." Within pediatrics, studies have highlighted links between these underlying social, economic, and environmental conditions, and a range of health outcomes related to both acute and chronic disease. Additionally, within the adult literature, multiple studies have shown significant links between social problems experienced during childhood and "adult diseases" such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension. A variety of potential mechanisms for such links have been explored including differential access to care, exposure to carcinogens and pathogens, …

The Combination Of Human Urinary Kallidinogenase And Mild Hypothermia Protects Adult Rats Against Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy-Induced Injury By Promoting Angiogenesis And Regeneration, Xiaoya Gao, Haiting Xie, Shuzhen Zhu, Bin Yu, Ying Xian, Penghua Wang, Qing Wang

NYMC Faculty Publications

Objectives: Human Urinary Kallidinogenase (HUK) is a tissue kallikrein that plays neuroprotective role in ischemic conditions via different mechanisms. Mild hypothermia (MH) is another robust neuroprotectant that reduces mortality but does not profoundly ameliorate the neurological outcome in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) patients. However, whether the combination of HUK and MH can be used as a promising neuroprotective treatment in HIE is unknown. Methods: One-hundred and forty-four adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: Sham, HIE, HUK, MH and a combination of HUK and MH treatment. The HIE rat model was established by right carotid dissection followed by hypoxia …

A Case Of Diabetic Ketoacidosis Presenting With Hypernatremia, Hyperosmolarity, And Altered Sensorium, Vinod Kumar, Sushant M. Nanavati, Gabriel Melki, Mira Upadhyaya, Raman Dhillon, Patrick Michael, Monisha Singhal

NYMC Faculty Publications

Diabetic Ketoacidosis commonly presents with hyponatremia, but hypernatremia is a rare entity. We report a unique case of a 50-year-old woman admitted with altered sensorium with blood glucose 979 milligrams/deciliter, serum osmolarity 363 mOsm/kilograms, and serum sodium 144 milliequivalents/liter. Patient was given initial bolus of isotonic saline and continued on half isotonic saline for correction of hypernatremia along with insulin infusion therapy. Patient was successfully treated with intravenous fluids, insulin infusion, and the altered sensorium was resolved without any sequelae. This case illustrates a teaching point in the use of intravenous fluids for the treatment of Diabetic Ketoacidosis with hypernatremia.

In Vitro And In Silico Liver Models: Current Trends, Challenges And Opportunities, Andrey Poloznikov, Irina Gazaryan, Maxim Shkurnikov, Sergey Nikulin, Oxana Drapkina, Ancha Baranova, Alexander Tonevitsky

NYMC Faculty Publications

Most common drug development failures originate from either bioavailability problems, or unexpected toxic effects. The culprit is often the liver, which is responsible for biotransformation of a majority of xenobiotics. Liver may be modeled using "liver on a chip" devices, which may include established cell lines, primary human cells, and stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells. The choice of biological material along with its processing and maintenance greatly influence both the device performance and the resultant toxicity predictions. Impediments to the development of "liver on a chip" technology include the problems with standardization of cells, limitations imposed by culturing and the necessity …

Light Chain Diversity Among The Botulinum Neurotoxins, Alexander Gardner, Joseph T. Barbieri

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) are produced by several species of clostridium. There are seven immunologically unique BoNT serotypes (A–G). The Centers for Disease Control classifies BoNTs as ‘Category A’ select agents and are the most lethal protein toxins for humans. Recently, BoNT-like proteins have also been identified in several non-clostridia. BoNTs are di-chain proteins comprised of an N-terminal zinc metalloprotease Light Chain (LC) and a C-terminal Heavy Chain (HC) which includes the translocation and receptor binding domains. The two chains are held together by a disulfide bond. The LC cleaves Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs). The cleavage of SNAREs …

Endocannabinoid Metabolome Of Human Breast Milk, Adriana V. Gaitan Espinoza

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Human breast milk (HBM) is an extremely complex yet fascinating biofluid tailored to meet an infant’s nutritional requirements for development. Amongst the nutrients present in HBM, the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) are of high importance due to the pivotal role they play in infant cognitive and visual development, and growth. In addition, the LCPUFAs are precursors to endocannabinoids (EC) which are endogenous lipid mediators. EC exert metabolic responses including appetite and food intake regulation, and they have been identified to play a role in establishing the suckling response of the newborn that is needed to nurse. Thus, we aimed …

Smooth Muscle-Specific Bcl6+/- Knockout Abrogates Sex Bias In Chronic Hypoxia-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension In Mice, Yang-Ming Yang, Pravin B. Sehgal

NYMC Faculty Publications

The "estrogen paradox" in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) refers to observations that while there is a higher incidence of idiopathic PAH in women, rodent models of PAH show male dominance and estrogens are protective. To explain these differences, we previously proposed the neuroendocrine-STAT5-BCL6 hypothesis anchored in the sex-biased and species-specific patterns of growth hormone (GH) secretion by the pituitary, the targeting of the hypothalamus by estrogens to feminize GH secretion patterns, and the role of the transcription factors STAT5a/b and BCL6 as downstream mediators of this patterned GH-driven sex bias. As a test of this hypothesis, we previously reported that …

Case Report Of Subanesthetic Intravenous Ketamine Infusion For The Treatment Of Neuropathic Pain And Depression With Suicidal Features In A Pediatric Patient, Garret Weber, Ju-Han Yao, Shemeica Binns, Shinae Namkoong

NYMC Faculty Publications

Chronic neuropathic pain and depression are often comorbid. Ketamine has been used to treat refractory pain. There is emerging evidence for use in depression. We present a case of a pediatric patient who was successfully treated with subanesthetic intravenous ketamine infusion for chronic neuropathic pain and suicidality.

Nurses’ Experiences Empowering Hospitalized Patients, Teresa Jerofke-Owen, Margaret J. Bull

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Four focus groups were conducted to explore acute care nurses’ experiences empowering patients and the facilitators and barriers they encountered during the process. Thirty-four nurses employed at four hospitals in the Midwestern United States participated in the study between February and April 2015. Facilitators of empowerment included establishing a therapeutic relationship, fostering communication, providing education, respecting patient autonomy, engaging support systems, and lifting spirit/giving hope. Barriers included conflicting information about plans of care, lack of time, fear and anxiety over unfamiliar environments and routines, ineffective or inadequate support systems, lack of/low accountability, and killing the soul. Nurses also described innovative …

Photovoice: A Research Method And Intervention To Engage Older Adults, Aimee A. Woda, Kristin Haglund, Ruth Ann Belknap, Elizabeth Cleek

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

The purpose of the current article is to describe the use of photovoice with individuals from vulnerable population groups. Ten African American men and women ages 66 to 72 with heart failure from three different low income public housing facilities were recruited for participation in a qualitative photovoice project. Participants were given 5 weeks to take photographs of images that represented facilitators of and barriers to engaging in self-care behaviors. Each week, participants met as a group to discuss the photographs and their meanings to other participants. The photovoice method was empowering to participants, easy to use, and shown to …

Self-Reported Oral Health Assessment And Attitudes Toward Oral Health For Adults With Cystic Fibrosis, Ahmed Ali Almuntashiri

Dental Hygiene Theses & Dissertations

Purpose: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a chronic genetic disorder that an individual has at birth. Cystic fibrosis impacts equally all races, gender and becomes worse over time. The aim of this current study was to evaluate oral health status, interaction with the oral health system, and oral health awareness in adults with cystic fibrosis. Methods: A validated survey consisting of 27 questions was distributed online through cystic fibrosis Facebook pages. Individuals with CF who were 18 years old or older, residing in the U.S. and having English as their primary language were asked to respond to the survey. Independent variables …

Exploring The Variant Experiences Through Which Racial/Ethnic Minorities Select Art Therapy As A Career, Mary Ritchie Roberts

Counseling & Human Services Theses & Dissertations

This study implemented a phenomenological approach to the inquiry of the career decisions of racial/ethnic minorities leading to selection of art therapy as a career. Gottfredson’s Career Theory was used to design interview questions to elicit the perspectives of ten racial/ethnic minority members about their career choice of art therapy. This study used post-intentional phenomenological qualitative coding of data to understand the decisions and contributing factors to racial/ethnic minorities selecting a career in art therapy. The findings suggest factors including: personal characteristics, interests, personal and professional beliefs, cultural beliefs, influential people, social contexts, experiences, and encounters contributed to racial/ethnic minority …

Applying Process Standardization And Health Literacy Precautions To Increase Older Adult Patient Satisfaction With Medication Teaching, Casie N. Sultana

Master's Projects

The purpose of this paper is to describe a quality improvement (QI) project with the goal of creating an evidence-based, standardized process for nurses to teach older adult patients about newly prescribed medications.

People Or Profit: A Comparison Of Health Care In Brazil And The United States, Alexandre A. Martins

Theology Faculty Research and Publications

This essay offers a reflection about the increasing influence of profit in Catholic health care. Based on Jesus' teaching that shows that the need of the wounded person on the street comes first (Luke 10: 25-37), Catholic health care ministry has the challenge to create services where people, not profit, come first.

Antipsychotic-Related Movement Disorders: Drug-Induced Parkinsonism Vs. Tardive Dyskinesia--Key Differences In Pathophysiology And Clinical Management, Kristen Ward, Leslie L. Citrome

NYMC Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) and tardive dyskinesia (TD) are stigmatizing movement disorders associated with exposure to dopamine receptor blocking agents such as antipsychotics, but they differ in their pathophysiology and clinical management. Treatment for one may worsen the other, and there are important diagnostic clues that assist in making an accurate assessment and instituting a rational treatment plan. METHODS: A literature review was executed to identify articles relating to the presentation, pathophysiology, epidemiology, and management of DIP and TD. RESULTS: DIP and TD prevalence estimates range from approximately 20 to 35% among antipsychotic users, but may be higher in select …

Practical Application Of Microrna Markers In The Diagnosis Of Multiple Sclerosis In The Realm Of Routine Clinical Neurology, Robert A. Ollar

NYMC Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Surgical And Medical Applications Of Drones: A Comprehensive Review, James C. Rosser, Vudatha Vignesh, Brent A. Terwilliger, Brett C. Parker

Publications

Background: Drones have the ability to gather real time data cost effectively, to deliver payloads and have initiated the rapid evolution of many industrial, commercial, and recreational applications. Unfortunately, there has been a slower expansion in the field of medicine. This article provides a comprehensive review of current and future drone applications in medicine, in hopes of empowering and inspiring more aggressive investigation. Database: A literature search was performed by EBSCO (Elton B. Stephens Company) Discovery Service, searching the phrases "drones," "UAV," "unmanned aerial vehicles," "UAS," and "unmanned aerial systems." A second search was used to identify sources that contained …

Surgical And Medical Applications Of Drones: A Comprehensive Review, Brent Terwilliger, James C. Rosser Jr., Vudatha Vignesh, Brett C. Parker

Publications

Drones have the ability to gather real time data cost effectively, to deliver payloads and have initiated the rapid evolution of many industrial, commercial, and recreational applications. Unfortunately, there has been a slower expansion in the field of medicine. This article provides a comprehensive review of current and future drone applications in medicine, in hopes of empowering and inspiring more aggressive investigation.

Introduction To Data Analysis Using Excel And Lab Report Writing Using Lagcc Institution Data, Kevin Mark

Open Educational Resources

Objectives

Part 1: An Introduction to Data Analysis Using Excel

1. To interpret, summarize and present numerical data using the digital tool Microsoft program Excel.
2. To plot numerical data as a graph and determine an equation of a line. In addition, using the appropriate formatting functions to label your graph and creating a best fit line.

Part 2: Lab Report Writing Using LaGCC Institutional Data

1. To communicate your interpretations of research data. This is done writing discussions and conclusions (using scientific language) and is often accompanied by data tables and graphs.
2. To use your Microsoft Excel graphing skills to interpret, inquire …

2018-2019 Fall Bulletin, University Of Mississippi Medical Center

Bulletins/Catalogs

2018-2019 Fall Bulletin

Application Of The Gps Technology To Assess Time-Location Pattern Of Undergraduate Students At A Private Medical University In Karachi, Pakistan: A Pilot Study, Tanzil Jamali, Adeel Ahmed Khan, Asaad Ahmed Nafees, Muhammad Ahmed, Syed Iqbal Azam, Muhammad Masood Kadir, Kiyoung Lee

Community Health Sciences

To compare time-location pattern of undergraduate university students through GPS and diary method, and with level of physical activity, a cross-sectional survey was conducted from September 2012 - May 2013 involving 50 undergraduate students from Aga Khan University. Data were recorded through GPS, diary method, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-L) and accelerometer (ActiGraph). Median self-reported time spent in the indoor-inside the campus, indoor-outside the campus and outdoor environment was 405 (IQR:300-540), 720 (IQR:465-840) and 300 minutes (IQR:180-495) respectively, while 52% of the students were in moderate, 40% vigorous and 8% in mild categories of physical activity. Mean differences in location …

Motor Compensation During Lower Limb Pedaling After Stroke, Brice Thomas Cleland

Dissertations (1934 -)

Long-term motor dysfunction in the lower limb is common after stroke. One potential contributor is motor compensation, a behavior in which functions originally performed by the paretic limb are performed by the non-paretic limb. Compensation in chronic stroke may contribute to long-term motor dysfunction by limiting functional ability, impairing future recovery, and eliciting maladaptive neuroplasticity. The purpose of this dissertation was to describe the impact of compensation on motor function and brain activation during lower limb pedaling and identify elements that produce this behavior. To achieve this purpose, we evaluated muscle activation and motor performance when compensation was prevented. During …

Editorial, Sittisak Honsawek

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

The current editorial board of Chulalongkorn Medical Journal has been working since June, 2016. One of our main policy is to improve our journal to the national level (cited in Thai Journal Citation Index (TCI)) and to international level (cited in international database of Scopus and PubMed). TCI has started accredited all Thai scientific journals and classified them into three categories. The first category is the journals that have been approved by TCI and are listed in the TCI database. The second category is the journals that are in the reaccreditation process but are currently listed in the TCI database. …

Antidepressant And Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of A Combined Fluoxetine And Celecoxib Treatment In A Rat Model Of Depression, Petcharat Trongtorsak, Wanida Olankijanunt, Angkawipa Trongtorsak, Uraiwan Intamaso

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : An evidence suggests a potential therapeutic target of depressiontoward treating inflammation with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs). However, the efficacy of the combined standard antidepressantwith NSAID treatment still remains uncertain.Objective : To examine the effects of fluoxetine (serotonin reuptake inhibitor) inadjunct with celecoxib (specific COX-2 inhibitor) on depression-likebehavior and inflammation in rats with chronic mild stress (CMS) induceddepression.Methods : The rats were divided into 4 groups: control, CMS, CMS with fluoxetinetreatment (5 mg/kg/d), and CMS with fluoxetine and celecoxib treatment(5 mg/kg/d each). All treatments were continued for 5 weeks. Thedepression-like behavior was examined using forced swimming test.Blood samples were collected …

Demonstration Of Myocardial Infarction In Decomposed Myocardium With Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Immunohistochemistry: A Tropical Climate Study, Parath Thirati, Panuwat Chutivongse

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Tissue damage caused by decomposition contributes to difficultiesfaced by forensic pathologists in medico-legal autopsy. Various studieshave utilized immunohistochemistry in decomposed forensic caseworks,including myocardial infarction (MI). To date, only few markers have beenstudied in decomposed MI specimens. Moreover, there are no researchesthat performed in tropical climate areas. This study is the first study toperform vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immunohistochemistryin decomposed MI samples. This is also the first paper on performedimmunohistochemistry in tropical climate areas.Objective : To study whether VEGF immunohistochemistry can be used in decomposedMI specimens in tropical climate areas. Secondary objective is the longestdecomposition period that it …

Prevalence And Predictors Of Growth Stunting In Children Within 1,000 Days In Dry Zone, Pakokku Township, Myanmar, Isareethika Jayasvasti, Saw Nyein Chan, Aroonsri Mongkolchati, Manisthawadee Jayasvasti

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Under - nutrition is leading to a global public health problem associatedwith child morbidity and mortality especially low and middle incomecountries, Myanmar was also still facing under nutrition especially growthstunting is the highest rate compared with others.Objective : To explore the prevalence and predictors of growth stunting in childrenamong 1,000 days in Dry Zone, Pakokku Township, Myanmar.Methods : A cross-sectional and community based study was conducted with 393participants. Multi-stage sampling technique was drawn to select theserespondents at Pakokku Township in Myanmar. Data were collected frommothers with children under 2 years of age. Using 6 parts of structuredquestionnaires by …

Cardiac-Derived Ctrp9 Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Via Calreticulin-Dependent Inhibition Of Apoptosis., Dajun Zhao, Pan Feng, Yang Sun, Zhigang Qin, Zhengbin Zhang, Yanzhen Tan, Erhe Gao, Wayne Bond Lau, Xin-Liang Ma, Jian Yang, Shiqiang Yu, Xuezeng Xu, Dinghua Yi, Wei Yi

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

Cardiokines play an essential role in maintaining normal cardiac functions and responding to acute myocardial injury. Studies have demonstrated the heart itself is a significant source of C1q/TNF-related protein 9 (CTRP9). However, the biological role of cardiac-derived CTRP9 remains unclear. We hypothesize cardiac-derived CTRP9 responds to acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury as a cardiokine. We explored the role of cardiac-derived CTRP9 in MI/R injury via genetic manipulation and a CTRP9-knockout (CTRP9-KO) animal model. Inhibition of cardiac CTRP9 exacerbated, whereas its overexpression ameliorated, left ventricular dysfunction and myocardial apoptosis. Endothelial CTRP9 expression was unchanged while cardiomyocyte CTRP9 levels decreased after simulated …

Systemwide Clinical Ultrasound Program Development: An Expert Consensus Model., Robert Strony, Jennifer R. Marin, John Bailitz, Anthony J. Dean, Mike Blaivas, Vivek Tayal, Chris Raio, Rachel Liu, Aimee Woods, Michael Zwank, Matthew Fields, Alyssa Abo, Stan Wu, Tarina Kang, Teresa Liu, Megan Leo, Courtney Smalley, Jerry Chiricolo, Mikaela Chilstrom, Resa E. Lewiss

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

Clinical ultrasound (CUS) is integral to the practice of an increasing number of medical specialties. Guidelines are needed to ensure effective CUS utilization across health systems. Such guidelines should address all aspects of CUS within a hospital or health system. These include leadership, training, competency, credentialing, quality assurance and improvement, documentation, archiving, workflow, equipment, and infrastructure issues relating to communication and information technology. To meet this need, a group of CUS subject matter experts, who have been involved in institution- and/or systemwide clinical ultrasound (SWCUS) program development convened. The purpose of this paper was to create a model for SWCUS …

Compartmentalization Of Dna-Based Molecular Computing Elements Using Lipid Bilayers, Aurora Fabry-Wood

Biomedical Engineering ETDs

This dissertation will present a progression from the detection of double-stranded DNA using a combination of toehold-mediated strand displacement and DNAzyme reactions in dilute saline solutions, to the generation of separate compartments to allow standardization of DNA computing elements, by protecting from complementary strands. In well-mixed solutions complementary regions cause spurious interactions. Importantly, these compartments also provide protection from nucleases. Along the way we will also explore the use of silica microsphere supported lipid bilayers to run compartmentalized DNA reactions on a fluid surface and the design of a molecule capable of DNA-based transmembrane signal transduction.