Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Understanding Health Seeking Behavior Of Health Care Professionals In Tertiary Care Hospitals In Pakistan, Shazia Bana,, Javed Yakoob, Nourin Jivany, Asima Faisal, Humeira Jawed, Safia Awan

Section of Gastroenterology

Background: Health seeking behaviour refers to the behaviour of people towards seeking their own health through provided health services. The medical professionals are at a higher risk of avoiding health seeking behaviour because they believe they are aware of the diseases and their symptoms as well as the pharmaceutical management of the disease. The aim of this study was to understand the healthcare seeking behaviour of nurses and doctors as well as the factors affecting it in hospitals of a major city in a developing country. Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed and a self-report questionnaire was distributed to …

Community Health News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Examines Racial Disparities in Emotional Distress among Cancer Survivors

Health Policy & Management News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Examines Racial Disparities in Emotional Distress among Cancer Survivors
• Georgia Southern Reviews 101+ Careers in Public Health

The Role Of Micro Health Insurance In Providing Financial Risk Protection In Developing Countries- A Systematic Review., Shifa Salman Habib, Shagufta Perveen, Hussain Maqbool Ahmed Khuwaja

Community Health Sciences

BACKGROUND:

Out of pocket payments are the predominant method of financing healthcare in many developing countries, which can result in impoverishment and financial catastrophe for those affected. In 2010, WHO estimated that approximately 100 million people are pushed below the poverty line each year by payments for healthcare. Micro health insurance (MHI) has been used in some countries as means of risk pooling and reducing out of pocket health expenditure. A systematic review was conducted to assess the extent to which MHI has contributed to providing financial risk protection to low-income households in developing countries, and suggest how the findings …

Preserving Cognition In Older African Americans With Mild Cognitive Impairment., Barry W. Rovner, Robin J. Casten

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Athletes Who Train On Unstable Compared To Stable Surfaces Exhibit Unique Postural Control Strategies In Response To Balance Perturbations, D. S. Blaise Williams Iii, Nicholas G. Murray, Douglas W. Powell

Health Sciences & Kinesiology: Faculty Publications

Background

Athletes have been shown to exhibit better balance compared to non-athletes (NON). However, few studies have investigated how the surface on which athletes train affects the strategies adopted to maintain balance. Two distinct athlete groups who experience different types of sport-specific balance training are stable surface athletes (SSA) such as basketball players and those who train on unstable surfaces (USA) such as surfers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of training surface on dynamic balance in athletes compared to NON.

Methods

Eight NON, eight SSA, and eight USA performed five 20-s trials in each of …

Furanodiene Alters Mitochondrial Function In Doxorubicin-Resistant Mcf-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells In An Ampk-Dependent Manner, Zhang-Feng Zhong, Wen Tan, William W. Qiang, Virginia L. Scofield, Ke Tian, Chun-Ming Wang, Wen-An Qiang, Yi-Tao Wang

School of Medicine Publications

Furanodiene is a bioactive sesquiterpene isolated from the spice-producing Curcuma wenyujin plant (Y. H. Chen and C. Ling) (C. wenyujin), which is a commonly prescribed herb used in clinical cancer therapy by modern practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine. Previously, we have shown that furanodiene inhibits breast cancer cell growth both in vitro and in vivo, however, the mechanism for this effect is not yet known. In this study, therefore, we asked (1) whether cultured breast cancer cells made resistant to the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DOX) via serial selection protocols are susceptible to furanodiene's anticancer effect, and (2) …

Post-Chemotherapy Neuroblastoma-Like Differentiation In Ewing Sarcoma Of Humerus: Report Of A Rare Case With Review Of Literature, Nasir Ud Din, Amna Qasim, Zubair Ahmad, Sheema H Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

A 21-year patient initially presented with a fracture of the humerus following minor trauma. A bone scan and biopsy were done due to the suspicion of pathological fracture and the biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Ewing Sarcoma (EWS). Two months after initial presentation, chemotherapy was started and 5 cycles were given over a span of 6 months. Surgical resection of the tumor was then performed. The post-chemotherapy resection specimen, on histological examination, showed the presence of areas of neuroblastoma-like differentiation in otherwise morphologically classic EWS. Cytogenetic analysis by FISH revealed EWSR1 gene rearrangement. Four similar cases have been reported earlier …

Significance Of Tumor Marker Ca15-3 In Metastatic Breast Cancer, Hoor Fatima, Amir Maqbool, Marium Siddiqui, Ghulam H, Habiba Sohail, Omema Saleem, Afarina Ahmed

Department of Medicine

Secondary spread of cancer to bones is commonest and frequent phenomenon and enhances the need of special care for sufferers. Bone metastases mostly are the first complication of different variety of cancers which increase the need of care and expensive facilities. Blood dissemination is another common route, might be due to the venous drainage from visceral organs directly into the axial bones. CA 15-3 is a mucinous tumor markers derived from MUC1 gene, provides better guide line about the treatment, recurrence and prognosis.

Aim: Aim of the study was to signify the role of tumor marker CA15-3 in metastatic breast …

Sepsis Management: An Evidence-Based Approach., Muhammad Akbar Baig, Hira Shahzad, Bushra Jamil, Erfan Hussain

Department of Medicine

The Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) guidelines have outlined an early goal directed therapy (EGDT) which demonstrates a standardized approach to ensure prompt and effective management of sepsis. Having said that, there are barriers associated with the application of evidence-based practice, which often lead to an overall poorer adherence to guidelines. Considering the global burden of disease, data from low- to middle-income countries is scarce. Asia is the largest continent but most Asian countries do not have a well-developed healthcare system and compliance rates to resuscitation and management bundles are as low as 7.6% and 3.5%, respectively. Intensive care units are …

Monitoring Intra-Abdominal Pressure : Should It Be A Routine For Critically Ill?, Madiha Hashmi

Department of Anaesthesia

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Bupivacaine Infiltration On Postoperative Tramadol Consumption In Elective Day Care Unilateral Inguinal Hernia Repair, Rehan Muhammad Qureshi, Fauzia Anis Khan

Department of Anaesthesia

Objective: To determine the difference in analgesic requirement in terms of mean postoperative narcotic consumption and mean postoperative pain score in patients undergoing unilateral inguinal hernia repair with or without bupivacaine infiltration as day-care patients.Methods: The randomised controlled trial was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from June to December 2011, and comprised patients who were randomly divided into groups A and B. Tramadol 1.5 mgkg-1 was used as intraoperative analgesia. At the time of closure of surgical incision, 20ml of bupivacaine 0.25% plain was infiltrated in the subcutaneous tissue sub-facially and in the deeper layers along the incision …

Semantic And Syntactic Processing In A Patient With Left Temporal Lobe Damage Secondary To Traumatic Brain Injury: An Fmri Study, Caitlin Moizer

Theses and Dissertations

The ability of the brain to change and form new neuropathways after brain injury is remarkable. The current study investigates the brains ability to form new pathways for language processing following traumatic brain injury (TBI), specifically a left temporal lobectomy. Two subjects participated in this study; one participant with TBI and one age-matched control. Sentence stimuli consisted of four types: semantically correct, semantically incorrect, syntactically correct, and syntactically incorrect. Participants underwent a fMRI scan while the auditory stimuli were presented in four blocks. Participants were asked to record if the sentence was correct or incorrect by pressing the corresponding button. …

Effects Of Subglottic Stenosis And Cricotracheal Resection On Voice Production In Women, Lisa Marie Mattei

Theses and Dissertations

Subglottic stenosis (SGS) is a narrowing of the airway in the region of the cricoid cartilage below the vocal folds and above the tracheal rings. Individuals with SGS experience difficulty breathing at rest and during exertion both of which become increasingly difficult with the level of stenosis severity. Some individuals also experience negative voice changes. Individuals whose stenoses significantly impact breathing generally require medical procedures or surgery, either balloon dilation or cricotracheal resection (CTR). CTR has been shown to improve patients' ability to breathe, but it can also result in permanent vocal changes. Alternatively, balloon dilation results in similar breathing …

Randomized Controlled Trial Of Prolonged Second Stage: Extending The Time Limit Vs Usual Guidelines., Alexis C. Gimovsky, Vincenzo Berghella

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Guidelines for management of the second stage have been proposed since the 1800s and were created largely by expert opinion. Current retrospective data are mixed regarding differences in maternal and neonatal outcomes with a prolonged second stage. There are no randomized controlled trials that have evaluated whether extending the second stage of labor beyond current American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommendations is beneficial.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether extending the length of labor in nulliparous women with prolonged second stage affects the incidence of cesarean delivery and maternal and neonatal outcomes.

STUDY DESIGN: …

Recent Advances In Optical Diagnosis Of Oral Cancers: Review And Future Perspectives, Ola Ibrahim, Hugh Byrne, Fiona Lyng, Surya Singh, Jopi Mikkonen, Arto Koistinen, Arja Kullaa

Articles

Optical diagnosis techniques offer several advantages over traditional approaches, including objectivity, speed and cost, and these label-free, non-invasive methods have the potential to change the future work-flow of cancer management. The oral cavity is particularly accessible and thus such methods may serve as alternate/adjunct tools to traditional methods. Recently, in vivo human clinical studies have been initiated with a view to clinical translation of such technologies. A comprehensive review of optical methods in oral cancer diagnosis is presented. Following an introduction to the epidemiology and aetiological factors associated with oral cancers currently employed diagnostic methods and their limitations are presented. …

Control Of Estrus In Gilts And Primiparous Sows, Roy N. Kirkwood, Fabio De Rensis

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The primary controller of weaned pig output is the successful breeding of enough females in the breeding week. The number of females available for breeding is dependent on the number of sows weaned sows and service-ready gilt availability. Primiparous (P1) sows often have longer wean-estrus intervals (WEI) and increased anestrus; ensuring sufficient gilts and sows are available may require control of estrus. Stimulating estrus requires appropriate boar contact or when this is not sufficient, administration of gonadotrophins. If gonadotrophins are used expect estrus 4 to 6 d later and it is usual to breed at the induced estrus. If there …

Comparison Of Effects Of Different Antioxidants Supplemented To Long-Term Extender On Boar Semen Quality Following Storage At 17ºc, Thevin Vongpralub, Pachara Thananurak, Chamaiporn Sittikasamkit, Phirawit Chuawongboon, Monchai Duangjinda, Wuttigrai Boonkum, Vibuntita Chankitisakul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The use of antioxidants as semen additives in the extender has been proposed to improve sperm function during cool storage. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of different antioxidant supplementation in extender on boar semen quality during storage for 10 days at 17ºC. Semen samples (n=18) were divided into 10 aliquots and diluted with Reading extender supplemented with three different concentrations of water-soluble glutathione, L-carnitine, and vitamin E analogue Trolox (0.1, 1 and 5mM). All samples were stored in a refrigerator at 17ºC for 10 days. Sperm motility was assessed at Days 1, 4, 7 and …

Cisplatin Intralesional Chemotherapy Of Recurrence Schwannoma In Horse: A Case Report, Rungrueang Yodsheewan, Kanittha Phetudomsinsuk

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A 7-year-old crossbred stallion had multiple solitary cutaneous masses at the right infraorbital area which were recurrent for two months. The biggest mass size was 5 x 7 x 1 cm3 and had superficial bleeding. This case was diagnosed as peripheral nerve sheath tumors based on cytological and histological examination which showed numerous spindle cells with cancerous characteristics, cell patterns of the tumor were interlacing bundle and a whirl. Most areas showed tense palisading nuclei of tumor cells (Verocay bodies) known as Antoni A area. The rest showed loose paucicellular tissue known as Antoni B area. Within histologic sections, the …

What Is Your Diagnosis?, Nan Choisunirachon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Seroprevalence Of Influenza A In Domestic Dogs In Thailand, 2013, Sunicha Chanvatik, Ratanaporn Tangwangvivat, Supassama Chaiyawong, Duangduean Prakairungnamthip, Ranida Tuanudom, Aunyaratana Thontiravong, Alongkorn Amonsin

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Canine influenza viruses (CIVs) have been reported in dogs worldwide. Due to the relatively high risk of influenza A virus (IAV) infections in dogs and humans through dog-human interface, the seroprevalence of IAVs in dogs in Thailand was surveyed. A serological survey of IAV infections in dogs in Thailand was conducted from December 2012 to November 2013 using ELISA assays for detecting anti-nucleoprotein (NP) antibodies (NP-ELISA) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests for detecting HA-specific antibodies using canine H3N2 (CIV-H3N2), human pandemic H1N1 2009 (Human-pH1N1) and human seasonal H3N2 (Human-H3N2) as viral antigens. A total of 9,891 serum samples were obtained …

Pressure To Publish For Residency Applicants In Dermatology, Jordan V. Wang, Matthew S. Keller

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

As it grows increasingly difficult to match into a dermatology residency program each year, there is a widening gap in research accomplishments between those who have and have not matched successfully. Applicants should be aware of the current trends in order to maximize their chances of matching. Such research inequality may subsequently lead to increases in the pressure to publish and the incidence of academic misrepresentation. Academic dermatology programs should be aware of these issues in order to help their students successfully match and exercise caution when reviewing the curricula vitae of applicants. We believe that student mentors in dermatology …

Safety Netting Through The Prevention And Detection Of Child Abuse In Low And Middle Income Countries: Lessons From Pakistan, Kanwal Nayani, Muhammad Akbar Baig, Nick Brown, Asad Mian

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

No abstract provided.

Explicit Time Deficit In Schizophrenia: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Indicate It Is Primary And Not Domain Specific, V Ciullo, G Spalletta, C Caltagirone, Re Jorge, F Piras

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Although timing deficits are a robust finding in schizophrenia (SZ), the notion of a genuine time perception disorder in SZ is still being debated because distortions in timing might depend on neuropsychological deficits that are characteristics of the illness. Here we used meta-analytic methods to summarize the evidence of timing deficits in SZ and moderator analyses to determine whether defective timing in SZ arises from nontemporal sources or from defective time perception. PubMed Services, PsycNET, and Scopus were searched through March 2015, and all references in articles were investigated to find other relevant studies. Studies were selected if they included …

Identification Of An Association Of Tnfaip3 Polymorphisms With Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression In Fibroblasts In An Integrative Study Of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Genetic And Environmental Factors*, Peng Wei, Yang Yang, Xinjian Guo, Nainan Hei, Syeling Lai, Shervin Assassi, Mengyuan Liu, Filemon Tan, Xiaodong Zhou

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a fibrotic disease attributed to both genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. This study was undertaken to investigate the associations between SSc-associated genetic variants and the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) genes in human fibroblasts stimulated with silica particles in time-course and dose-response experiments.

METHODS: A total of 200 fibroblast strains were examined for ECM gene expression after stimulation with silica particles. The fibroblasts were genetically profiled using Immunochip assays and then subjected to whole-genome genotype imputation. Associations of genotypes and gene expression were first analyzed in a Caucasian cohort and then validated in a meta-analysis …

Ct-Based Structural Rigidity Analysis Is More Accurate Than Mirels Scoring For Fracture Prediction In Metastatic Femoral Lesions, Ta Damron, A Nazarian, V Entezari, C Brown, W Grant, N Calderon, Et Al.

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Controversy continues regarding the appropriate assessment of fracture risk in long bone lesions affected by disseminated malignancy. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: The purpose of this ongoing Musculoskeletal Tumor Society-sponsored, multi-institutional prospective cross-sectional clinical study is to compare CT-based structural rigidity analysis (CTRA) with physician-derived Mirels scoring for predicting pathologic fracture in femoral bone lesions. We hypothesized CTRA would be superior to Mirels in predicting fracture risk within the first year based on (1) sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value; (2) receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis; and (3) fracture prediction after controlling for potential confounding variables such as age and …

Is Whole-Exome Sequencing An Ethically Disruptive Technology? Perspectives Of Pediatric Oncologists And Parents Of Pediatric Patients With Solid Tumors, Laurence B Mccullough, Melody J Slashinski, Amy L Mcguire, Richard L Street, Christine M Eng, Richard A Gibbs, D William Parsons, Sharon E Plon

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: It has been anticipated that physician and parents will be ill prepared or unprepared for the clinical introduction of genome sequencing, making it ethically disruptive.

PROCEDURE: As a part of the Baylor Advancing Sequencing in Childhood Cancer Care study, we conducted semistructured interviews with 16 pediatric oncologists and 40 parents of pediatric patients with cancer prior to the return of sequencing results. We elicited expectations and attitudes concerning the impact of sequencing on clinical decision making, clinical utility, and treatment expectations from both groups. Using accepted methods of qualitative research to analyze interview transcripts, we completed a thematic analysis …

Health And Psychosocial Outcomes Of A Telephonic Couples Behavior Change Intervention In Patients With Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Paula M. Trief, Lawrence Fisher, Jonathan G. Sandberg, Donald A. Cibula, Jacqueline Dimmock, Danielle M. Hessler, Patricia Forken, Ruth S. Weinstock

Faculty Publications

To compare glycemic control and secondary outcomes of a 4-month telephonic couples behavioral intervention to individual intervention, and to education, for adults with type 2 diabetes.

Effect Of The Time Of Day And Queue Position In The Endoscopic Schedule On The Performance Characteristics Of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration For Diagnosing Pancreatic Malignancies., Jason Korenblit, Danielle M Tholey, Joanna Tolin, David Loren, Thomas Kowalski, Douglas G. Adler, Julie Davolos, Ali A. Siddiqui

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Recent reports have indicated that the time of day may impact the detection rate of abnormal cytology on gynecologic cytology samples. The aim of this study was to determine if procedure time or queue position affected the performance characteristics of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) for diagnosing solid pancreatic malignancies.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study evaluating patients with solid pancreatic lesions in whom EUS-FNA was performed. Three timing variables were evaluated as surrogate markers for endoscopist fatigue: Procedure start times, morning versus afternoon procedures, and endoscopy queue position. Statistical analyses were performed to determine …

Caste-Ethnic Disparity In Vaccine Use Among 0- To 5-Year-Old Children In Nepal: A Decomposition Analysis, Satis Devkota, Christopher Butler

Economics & Management Publications

Objectives To examine what factors, if any, could account for caste/ethnic disparities in vaccine utilization between upper caste and indigenous, and upper caste and low caste (Dalit) groups in Nepal.

Methods Using the Institute of Medicine (IOM) approach to calculate disparity, we estimate the disparity between upper caste and indigenous, and between upper caste and Dalit 0- to 5-year-old children in Nepal. Then we use Fairlie’s non-linear regression-based decomposition technique to account for those disparities in immunization.

Results Using nationally representative data (the Nepal Living Standard Survey II and III), we construct a pooled cross-sectional series and calculate the disparity …