Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Effect Of Dietary Self-Monitoring In Caucasian And African-American Women, Julianne Tondreau

DNP Projects

Purpose: The purpose of the study is 1) to assess the effect of dietary self-monitoring on weight loss in a population of Caucasian and African-American women and men; and 2) to determine if there is a difference in African Americans’ and Caucasians’ use of self-monitoring in weight loss.

Review of the Literature: Previous studies demonstrated increased weight loss with dietary self-monitoring; however, these studies’ samples are 70-80% Caucasian women and cannot be generalized to African-Americans or men. Studies confirming the effectiveness of dietary intake self-monitoring in non-Caucasian women and men are needed.

Methodology: Using a cohort design with prospective and …

Religious Involvement And Psychological Stress As Predictors Of Dental Health, Yung Y. Chen, Anty Lam

Publications and Research

Religious involvement has been linked to many indicators of health, including longevity. Previous research has identified psychological stress as a possible mediator for the positive effects of religion on health. Fewer studies have investigated the potential relationship between these psychosocial factors and dental health. This study examined religious involvement, stress, and dental health in a community sample. Participants included 150 community residents who received dental care as part of the study. Results indicated a significant positive association between religiousness and dental health, and a negative association between stress and dental health. These findings encourage further research on religion, stress, and …

College Of Public Health News, Georgia Southern University

College of Public Health: News & Publications

• Georgia Southern Examines Respiratory Depositions of Endotoxins in Homes Burning Biomass Fuels

Environmental Health News, Georgia Southern University

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Examines Respiratory Depositions of Endotoxins in Homes Burning Biomass Fuels

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - April 24, 2016, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the April 24, 2016 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

• COM Alum Dr. Anne Schott Presents Lecture
• Marymont Named VP for Medical Affairs, Dean of the College of Medicine
• USA Health to Offer Free Skin Cancer Screenings
• Dr. Kevin Green Discusses Mosquito-Borne Illnesses

Role Of Dietary Components In Modulating Hypertension, Andrew Feyh, Lucas Bracero, Hari Vishal Lakhani, Prasanna Santhanam, Joseph I. Shapiro Md, Zeid Khitan Md, Komal Sodhi

Biochemistry and Microbiology

Hypertension is a major health issue, particularly in medically underserved populations that may suffer from poor health literacy, poverty, and limited access to healthcare resources. Management of the disease reduces the risk of adverse outcomes, such as cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events, vision impairment due to retinal damage, and renal failure. In addition to pharmacological therapy, lifestyle modifications such as diet and exercise are effective in managing hypertension. Current diet guidelines include the DASH diet, a low-fat and low-sodium diet that encourages high consumption of fruits and vegetables. While the diet is effective in controlling hypertension, adherence to the diet is …

Hiding Inside? Intracellular Expression Of Non-Glycosylated C-Kit Protein In Cardiac Progenitor Cells, Huilin Shi, Christopher A. Drummond, Xiaoming Fan, Steven T. Haller, Jiang Liu, Deepak Malhotra, Jiang Tian

Pharmaceutical Science and Research

Cardiac progenitor cells including c-kit(+) cells and cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) play important roles in cardiac repair and regeneration. CDCs were reported to contain only small subpopulations of c-kit(+) cells and recent publications suggested that depletion of the c-kit(+) subpopulation of cells has no effect on regenerative properties of CDCs. However, our current study showed that the vast majority of CDCs from murine heart actually express c-kit, albeit, in an intracellular and non-glycosylated form. Immunostaining and flow cytometry showed that the fluorescent signal indicative of c-kit immunostaining significantly increased when cell membranes were permeabilized. Western blots further demonstrated that glycosylation of …

Validation Of A Smartphone Application For Measuring Shoulder Internal Rotation And External Rotation Range Of Motion With Intra-Rater Reliability, Allison B. Smith 2551323

Masters Theses/Capstone Projects

Assessing range of motion of the shoulder girdle is a critical skill needed by athletic trainers due to the complexity of the motions allowed at the joint. The process can be subjective with the majority of accepted techniques utilizing the clinician’s ability to determine bony landmarks of the patient. In recent years, tools have been created to make determining range of motion of the body valid and consistent. One of the most common tools used in the clinic setting to measure shoulder range of motion is the inclinometer. With the current technical age, there have been many smartphone applications created …

Local Disease Concepts Relevant To The Design Of A Community-Based Surveillance Program For Influenza In Rural Guatemala, Alejandro Cerón, Maria Renee Ortiz, Danilo Álvarez, Guy H. Palmer, Celia Cordón-Rosales

Anthropology: Faculty Scholarship

Background

Early detection of emergent influenza strains is a global health priority. However, maintaining active surveillance is economically and logistically challenging. While community-based surveillance is an attractive alternative, design and operation of an effective epidemiological surveillance program requires community engagement that can be linked to public health reporting and response. We report the results of a study in rural Guatemalan communities aimed at identifying opportunities for and barriers to community engagement in disease surveillance.

Methods

Using an ethnographic approach followed by a descriptive cross-sectional survey, we documented local terms and ideas about animal illnesses, including the possibility of animal-human transmission. …

Redefining Medicine: The Epistemology, Political Theory, And Phenomenology Of Health And Disease, Jacqline J. Murillo

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

This thesis argues that health needs to be redefined in a more comprehensive fashion, namely as a physiological/biological state, with social, environmental, and individual determinants always related to one’s personal needs to achieve one’s life plan. The benefits of this new definition include more emphasis on the distribution of health as a social good.

Additionally, redefining health puts the value of the individual’s life rather than the strict monetary value of their needed treatment as a focal point. It also draws more attention to medicine as a practice of care, rather than viewing it simply as a technology or science, …

Virus-Host Co-Evolution: Determining The Origin Of Human Cytomegalovirus Us27 And Us28, Jessica A. Scarborough, Juliet Spencer, John Paul

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) are the largest family of cell surface proteins, found in organisms from yeast to humans. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a widespread pathogen that is particularly skilled at evading immune detection and defense mechanisms, largely due to extensive co-evolution with its host’s immune system. One aspect of this co-evolution involves the acquisition of four virally encoded GPCR homologs: US27, US28, UL33 and UL78. In this research, phylogenetic analysis was used to investigate the origins of the US27 and US28 genes, which are adjacent in the viral genome. The results indicate that both US27 and US28 share the …

An Overview Of Free And Useful Resources From The National Library Of Medicine, Alicia Lillich

Nebraska Library Association: Conferences

It’s hard out there for a librarian supporting health and/or science programs. You’re expected to provide access to cutting-edge research, without breaking the bank on costly subject-specific databases. Luckily, the National Library of Medicine (NLM) can help. NLM, a division of the National Institutes of Health, is the world’s largest medical library whose mission is to advance the progress of medicine and improve health through access to health information. This session will focus on the free products and services offered through NLM such as online databases, training, and promotional/educational resources. This will include: MedlinePlus, PubMed, PHPartners, the Household Products Database, …

Torn Between Two Diseases: Changes In Tgfβ Signaling Prevents Diabetes But Promotes Neuropathy, Vasalya Panchumarthi

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease that affects millions of children and adults worldwide. In this disease, white blood cells (Leukocytes) invade, attack, and destroy the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, resulting in increased blood glucose levels. Patients with T1D must use exogenous insulin injections, which can lead to many side effects over the lifespan of the person. Therefore, understanding the pathogenesis of this disease is crucial to develop new treatments for patients. The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse is a rodent model of T1D as well as other autoimmune diseases such as Sjogren’s syndrome, where immune cells …

Behavioral Sensitization Following Concurrent Exposure To 4-Methylmethcathinone (4-Mmc) And 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Mdma) In Male Sprague-Dawley Rats, Trent Bullock

Honors Theses

Recreational use of a new class of stimulant drugs known as synthetic cathinones is a recent public health concern. Although the Drug Enforcement Administration placed several of the most common of these substances permanently on schedule 1, their use is still prevalent as they remain low cost, accessible, and potent. Concomitant use of cathinone derivatives with other psychostimulant drugs is commonly reported by recreational users. Despite the prevalence of synthetic cathinone abuse, there is currently a paucity of scientific research regarding the behavioral and neurochemical effects of these drugs in mixtures with other drugs of abuse. The behavioral sensitization paradigm …

Affecting Tdap Vaccination Rates Among Women: A Multifaceted Intervention, Soneka Wynter

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

Despite the availability of a preventive vaccine, the incidence of pertussis in the United States has continued to increase over the past two decades and it is now considered the most common preventable infectious illness. Highly contagious in nature, it is estimated that about 50 million people are infected each year, and approximately 300,000 deaths occur worldwide (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2012). In 2013, Indiana reported 616 cases (Indiana State Department of Health [ISDH], 2014). In spite of CDC recommendations on strategies that can improve vaccine delivery, rates of immunization remain low nationwide (CDC, 2014). The purpose …

Program And Proceedings: Nebraska Academy Of Sciences 1880–2016, 136th Anniversary Year, One Hundred-Twenty-Sixth Annual Meeting

Nebraska Academy of Sciences: Programs and Proceedings

Program

Aeronautics and Space Science

Chemistry and Physics

Collegiate Academy: Biology

Earth Science

Biological and Medical Sciences

Anthropology

Collegiate Academy: Chemistry and Physics

Environmental Sciences

Aeronautics and Space Science, Poster Session

Maiben Memorial Lecture: Juliane Soukup, “Riboswitches Turn Students onto Research” Teaching of Science and Mathematics

Applied Science and Technology

History and Philosophy of Science

Measuring Progress To Comprehensive Public Health Systems, National Preparedness, And A Culture Of Health, Glen P. Mays

Health Management and Policy Presentations

This update describes recent progress on two national health measurement initiatives: The National Health Security Preparedness Index and the National Longitudinal Survey of Public Health Systems. These longitudinal data sources offer valuable perspectives on how health security practices and public health delivery systems are changing across the U.S.

Current Therapeutic Role And Medicinal Potential Of Scutellaria Barbata In Traditional Chinese Medicine And Western Research, Geyang Tao, Marcy J. Balunas

Honors Scholar Theses

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Scutellaria barbata is a common herb in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) most often used to treat cancer. S. barbata has been found to exhibit efficacy both in vitro and in vivo on a variety of cancer types. Similarly encouraging results have been shown in patients with metastatic breast cancer from Phase Ia and Ib clinical trials. This study aims to elucidate the current use of S. barbata by TCM practitioners and in current Western research.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with fifteen TCM practitioners in Beijing and Nanjing, China to understand their clinical use of …

Factors Associated With Initiation Of Antiretroviral Therapy In The Advanced Stages Of Hiv Infection In Six Ethiopian Hiv Clinics, 2012 To 2013, Denis Nash, Olga Tymejczyk, Tsigereda Gadisa, Sarah Gorrell Kulkarni, Susie Hoffman, Muluneh Yigzaw, Batya Elul, Robert H. Remien, Maria Lahuerta, Shalo Daba, Wafaa El Sadr, Zenebe Melaku

Publications and Research

Introduction: Most HIV-positive persons in sub-Saharan Africa initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) with advanced infection (late ART initiation). Intervening on the drivers of late ART initiation is a critical step towards achieving the full potential of HIV treatment scale-up. This study aimed to identify modifiable factors associated with late ART initiation in Ethiopia.

Methods: From 2012 to 2013, Ethiopian adults (n=1180) were interviewed within two weeks of ART initiation. Interview data were merged with HIV care histories to assess correlates of late ART initiation (CD4+ count <150 cells/mL or World Health Organization Stage IV).

Results: The median CD4 count at enrolment in HIV care was 263 cells/mL (interquartile range …

The Effects Of Education On Compassion Fatigue Experienced By Oncology Nurses, Ina Wilson

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

Oncology nursing is widely viewed as a rewarding and emotional challenging specialty. Oncology nurses witness terminal illness, death, physical, and emotional suffering which increases their risk of developing compassion fatigue. The purpose of this evidence-based practice (EBP) project was to increase awareness of compassion fatigue among oncology nurses by providing them with knowledge, effective coping skills, and self-care management skills. The Theory of Human Caring was used as the theoretical framework to support this EBP project and the intervention was guided by The Iowa Model of Research-Based Practice to Promote Quality Care. The project used a pre-test and post-test design. …

Breastfeeding Education For Fathers: An Intervention To Increase Breastfeeding Rates, Jill Marie Frisz

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

If every infant were breastfed within an hour of birth, exclusively breastfed until six months, and given breastmilk up to two years, almost 800,000 lives would be saved annually (who, 2014). Nationally, breastfeeding rates drop significantly from three to six months. A search of literature yielded significant evidence as fathers for facilitators to increase breastfeeding rates. The purpose of this evidence based practice (EBP) project was to determine the effects of best practice measures to educate fathers about breastfeeding to increase anytime breastfeeding rates. The social support theory and ACE Star model guided the literature search and implementation of this …

Integrating Correctional And Community Health Care: An Innovative Approach For Clinical Learning In A Baccalaureate Nursing Program., Mary T. Bouchaud, Beth Ann Swan

College of Nursing Faculty Papers & Presentations

PROBLEM: With an evolving focus on primary, community-based, and patient-centered care rather than acute, hospital-centric, disease-focused care, and recognition of the importance of coordinating care and managing transitions across providers and settings of care, registered nurses need to be prepared from a different and broader knowledge base and skills set. A culture change among nurse educators and administrators and in nursing education is needed to prepare competent registered nurses capable of practicing from a health promotion, disease prevention, community- and population-focused construct in caring for a population of patients who are presenting health problems and conditions that persist across decades …

Tgf-Β Neutralization Enhances Angii-Induced Aortic Rupture And Aneurysm In Both Thoracic And Abdominal Regions, Xiaofeng Chen, Debra L. Rateri, Deborah A. Howatt, Anju Balakrishnan, Jessica J. Moorleghen, Lisa A. Cassis, Alan Daugherty

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

AngII and TGF-β interact in development of thoracic and abdominal aortic diseases, although there are many facets of this interaction that have not been clearly defined. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of TGF-β neutralization on AngII induced-aortic pathologies. Male C57BL/6J mice were administered with either a rabbit or mouse TGF-β neutralizing antibody and then infused with AngII. The rabbit TGF-β antibody modestly reduced serum TGF-β concentrations, with no significant enhancements to AngII-induced aneurysm or rupture. Administration of this rabbit TGF-β antibody in mice led to high serum titers against rabbit IgG that may have …

The Emergence Of Cardiovascular Disease And Need For Lipid Screening In Youth, Kirsten Johnson

Nursing Capstones

No abstract provided.

Patient Complexity Factors And Their Influence On Nurses' Perception Of Staffing Adequacy, Margaret M. Duffy

Theses & Dissertations

Nurse leaders must consider the influence of nurse-specific and patient-specific factors on nursing workload and nurses’ perception of staffing adequacy when developing nurse staffing plans. All of the factors that influence individual nurses’ perception of staffing adequacy are not known. Using a synthesis of the Roy Adaptation Model (RAM) and economic theory as a guiding model, the purpose of the current study was to determine if selected patient complexity factors that are not consistently captured in the measurement of patient acuity by an automated workforce management system influence nurses’ perception of staffing adequacy. The current study employed a complex predictive …

Geographic Distribution Of Maternal Group B Streptococcus Colonization And Infant Death During Birth Hospitalization: Eastern Wisconsin, Jessica J. F. Kram, Dennis J. Baumgardner, Kiley B. Vander Wyst, Melissa A. Lemke

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose

Maternal group B Streptococcus (GBS) can be transmitted from a colonized mother to newborn during vaginal delivery and may or may not contribute to infant death. This study aimed to explore the geographic distribution and risk factors of maternal GBS colonization and infant death during birth hospitalization.

Methods

We retrospectively studied mothers with live birth(s) in a large eastern Wisconsin hospital system from 2007 through 2013. Associations between maternal and neonatal variables, GBS colonization and infant death were examined using chi-squared, Mann-Whitney U and t-tests. Multivariable logistic regression models also were developed.

Results

Study population (N = 99,305) had …

Clinical Approach To Nonresponsive Pneumonia In Adults Diagnosed By A Primary Care Clinician: A Retrospective Study, Kiley B. Vander Wyst, Jessica J. F. Kram, Dennis J. Baumgardner

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is commonly diagnosed in the primary care setting. Management of nonresponsive pneumonia (NRP), i.e. failure to respond to CAP treatment, is not clearly understood. The purpose of this study was to describe the initial work-up and treatment of CAP in the ambulatory primary care setting and to determine relative proportion of, diagnostic approach to and treatment of NRP.

Methods

We retrospectively studied adult patients diagnosed with CAP within our large, integrated health care system from October 2006 through July 2013. Cases were defined as patients with CAP who worsened after 4 days, or did not improve …

Geodemographic Features Of Human Blastomycosis In Eastern Wisconsin, Megan E. Huber, Dennis J. Baumgardner, Jessica J. F. Kram, Melissa A. Lemke

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose

Blastomycosis is an endemic fungal infection. In rural northern Wisconsin, blastomycosis cases are associated with certain environmental features including close proximity to waterways. Other studies have associated blastomycosis with particular soil chemicals. However, blastomycosis also occurs in urban and suburban regions. We explored the geodemographic associations of blastomycosis cases in the more urban/suburban landscape of eastern Wisconsin.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study of 193 laboratory-identified blastomycosis cases in a single eastern Wisconsin health system, 2007–2015. Controls were 250 randomly selected cases of community-diagnosed pneumonia from a similar time period. Geographic features of home addresses were explored using Google …

Is 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (Pcv13) Combined With 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (Ppsv23) Superior To Ppsv23 Alone For Reducing Incidence Or Severity Of Pneumonia In Older Adults? A Clin-Iq, Starla Hayward, Lou Ann Thompson, Andrea Mceachern

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Pneumonia infection is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In addition to the public health concerns, pneumonia also accounts for a significant cost to the health care system. Currently there are two leading vaccines targeted against Streptococcus pneumoniae: 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13). Until recently, the recommendation for adult pneumonia vaccination has been a single dose of PPSV23 for all adults aged 65 years or older. However, concerns were raised regarding the vaccine’s efficacy due to the persistent burden of pneumococcal disease in the elderly population. This paper focuses on two …

Interventions For Improving Pregnancy Outcomes In Antenatally Diagnosed Or Suspected Morbidly Adherent Placenta, Rinku Sengupta, Alexis C. Gimovsky, Shuqin Wei, Anthony Akinloye Bamigboye, Vincenzo Berghella, Amanda R. Amorim Adegboye, William Donald Fraser

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows:

To assess the benefits and harms associated with clinical interventions for improving outcomes in women with antenatally diagnosed or suspected MAP. We will compare conventional caesarean hysterectomy with uterine conservation treatments (together with adjunct measures) in women who have been diagnosed antenatally with, or suspected to have, MAP.