Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Comparison Of The Effects Of Peep Levels On Respiratory Mechanics And Elimination Of Volatile Anesthetic Agents In Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy; A Prospective, Randomized, Clinical Trial, Hüsnü Mert Arinalp, Nurten Bakan, Gülşah Karaören, Ömer Torun Şahi̇n, Emre Çeli̇ksoy

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: In laparoscopic procedures, intraabdominal carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation can cause decreased compliance, increased airway resistance, and impaired ventilation-perfusion ratios. We aimed to investigate the effects of intraoperative positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) treatment on respiratory dynamics and elimination time of volatile anesthetic agents. Materials and methods: In the present study, 75 ASA I-II patients were randomized into 3 groups to receive 0 cmH2O PEEP (group I), 5 cmH2O PEEP (group II), or 8 cmH2O PEEP (group III). Hemodynamic parameters, peak and plateau inspiratory airway pressures (Ppeak, Pplateau), compliance values, the ratio of the fractions of inspired and expired concentration of …

The Efficacy Of A Through-The-Scope Sodium Phosphate Solution With Completion Colonoscopy On The Same Day As A Salvage Option For Inadequate Bowel Cleansing, Mehmet İbi̇ş, İbrahi̇m Koral Önal, Mehmet Arhan, Tarkan Karakan, Eylem Karatay, Özlem Gül Utku, Harun Erdal, İbrahi̇m Doğan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a through- the-scope sodium phosphate solution with completion colonoscopy on the same day as a salvage option for inadequate bowel preparation Materials and methods: All participants were instructed to eat a low residual diet for 3 days before the scheduled colonoscopy and a clear liquid diet 18 h before the colonoscopy. The patients were asked to take split doses of an oral sennoside solution at 1800 and 2200 in the evening before the colonoscopy. In cases of inadequate bowel preparation detected during routine colonoscopy, a sodium phosphate solution …

Coexistence Of Preeclampsia And Inherited Thrombophilia In Turkish Pregnant Women, Mehtap Polat, Ebru Hacer Bi̇beroğlu, İsmai̇l Güler, Ömer Kutay Bi̇beroğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: To examine the relationship of inherited thrombophilia and other thrombotic risk factors with preeclampsia (PE) in a population of pregnant Turkish women. Materials and methods: This was a case cross-sectional study in which 70 women with PE and 60 normal pregnant women were studied to find out the frequency of women with risk factors including inherited thrombophilia among preeclamptic cases. Results: Hemoglobin, platelet count, uric acid, vitamin B12, folic acid, copper, homocysteine, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, fibrinogen, protein S, protein C, activated protein C resistance values show significant differences in women with PE in comparison to women with normal pregnancy. …

The Effectiveness Of A Back School Program In Lowerlimb Amputees: A Randomized Controlled Study, Bahar Anaforoğlu, Fati̇h Erbahçeci̇, Mehmet Atif Erol Akseki̇li̇

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: A few studies have been carried out in lower limb amputees (LLAs) and they examined the incidence of and reasons for low back pain. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a back school program in LLAs with mechanical low back pain (MLBP). Materials and methods: Forty male unilateral transfemoral amputees with MLBP were randomly allocated into two groups. A back school program was applied to Group 1 over 2 weeks. A booklet for home use was given to each participant in Group 2. Pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale. Spinal flexibility measurements …

N-Terminal-Pro Brain Natriuretic Peptide Levels In Children With Allergic Rhinitis, Hasi̇be Artaç, Hüsametti̇n Vatansev, Derya Çi̇men, Derya Arslan, Fatma Kaya, Seyi̇t Ali̇ Kayiş, Bülent Oran

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Persistent upper airway obstruction may lead to increased pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP). The aim of this study was to evaluate N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations and PAP values in children with allergic rhinitis. Materials and methods: Sixty-six patients with allergic rhinitis and 22 healthy children were prospectively enrolled in this study. Plasma NT-proBNP levels were measured at first admission and after treatment. Simultaneously, echocardiography was done to assess pulmonary arterial hypertension, and rhinitis symptom scores were recorded. Results: The median age of the study group was 9.0 (5.0?17.0) years; 26 were female. PAP was found to be …

Ilp-2 Modeling And Virtual Screening Of An Fda-Approved Library:A Possible Anticancer Therapy, Saeed Khalili, Hemn Mohammadpour, Mahideh Shokrollahi Barough, Parviz Kokhaei

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The members of the inhibitors of apoptosis protein (IAP) family inhibit diverse components of the caspase signaling pathway, notably caspase 3, 7, and 9. ILP-2 (BIRC-8) is the most recently identified member of the IAPs, mainly interacting with caspase 9. This interaction would eventually lead to death resistance in the case of cancerous cells. Therefore, structural modeling of ILP-2 and finding applicable inhibitors of its interaction with caspase 9 are a compelling challenge. Materials and methods: Three main protein modeling approaches along with various model refinement measures were harnessed to achieve a reliable 3D model, using state-of-the-art software. Thereafter, …

Transesophageal Echocardiography Experience In Thepediatric Age Group In A Tertiary Cardiac Center, Peli̇n Ayyildiz, Alper Güzeltaş, İbrahi̇m Cansaran Tanidir, Taner Kasar, Erkut Öztürk, Yakup Ergül

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) findings of pediatric patients in a tertiary center where complex congenital heart surgery and interventional procedures have been performed. Materials and methods: All TEE studies performed between December 2009 and December 2014 were reviewed retrospectively. Patients were divided into 3 groups: perioperative, during interventional procedures, and due to other reasons. Demographic features, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) reports, TEE reports, change in decision after TEE evaluation, and related complications were recorded. Results: A total of 703 patients who had TEE evaluation were included in the study; 51% were female …

Proliferation And Differentiation Markers Of Colorectal Adenocarcinomaand Their Correlation With Clinicopathological Factors, Olivera Mitrovic Ajtic, Slobodan Todorovic, Milos Diklic, Tijana Suboticki, Bojana Beleslin-Cokic, Gordana Jovcic, Vladan Cokic

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate proliferation and differentiation markers in colorectal adenocarcinoma and their correlation with clinicopathological factors. Materials and methods: Samples were collected from 38 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma and 10 healthy controls. E-cadherin, carcinoembryonic antigen (mCEA), cyclin B1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and erythropoietin (EPO) receptor (EPOR) were examined by immunohistochemistry; VEGF and EPO were examined by real-time PCR. Results: The tumor samples were mostly characterized by large dimension (pT3), moderate level of differentiation (G2), negative lymph node status (N0), and no metastasis. Cyclin B1 and VEGF gene and protein expressions were significantly …

Retracted Article: Dna Profiling In Blood, Buccal Swabs, And Hair Follicles Of Transplantation Patients, Volkan Zeybek, Yücel Arisoy

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Expression Of Maspin In Testis Tumors With Germ Cells Andits Relation With Angiogenesis Factors, Hüseyi̇n Çeli̇k, Tahsi̇n Turunç, Nebi̇l Bal, Eray Hasirci, Alaaddi̇n Akay, Çeti̇n Levent Peşki̇rci̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: We aimed to evaluate the importance of maspin expression in testicular tumors with germ cells, its effect on prognosis, and the relation with angiogenesis factors. Materials and methods: The paraffin blocks of the orchiectomy materials of 32 patients who had undergone orchiectomy due to testicular tumors were taken within the scope of the study. The specimens of the cases included in the study group were reexamined under light microscope. Results: While just one maspin-positive sample was found in the seminoma cases, maspin stained positively in 6 of the nonseminoma germ cell tumors (NSGCTs). No statistical difference was found between …

Effects Of Resveratrol And Cigarette Smoking Onbone Healing: Histomorphometric Evaluation, Özge Kolkesen Şahi̇n, Müge Çina Aksoy, Mustafa Ci̇hat Avunduk

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of cigarette smoke (CS) and simultaneous application of resveratrol on bone healing histomorphometrically and to evaluate the effects of resveratrol on negative effects of CS. Materials and methods: For 4 weeks, Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to cigarette smoke at the equivalent of 6 cigarettes per day. After this period, monocortical defects were created in femurs by a trephine bur on day 28. Starting from the day of defect creation to the 28th postoperative day, rats were given 20 mg/kg body weight resveratrol. Histomorphometric examination of the number …

Effects Of Cepae Extract, Allantoin, And Heparin Mixture On Developing Andalready Formed Epidural Fibrosis In A Rat Laminectomy Model, Rafet Özay, Osman Yüksel Yavuz, Abi̇t Aktaş, Funda Yi̇ği̇t, Nuri̇ Eralp Çeti̇nalp, Haci Mustafa Özdemi̇r, Zeki̇ Şekerci̇

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The study was designed to investigate whether local administration of a mixture composed of cepae extract, allantoin, and heparin (CAH) decreased already formed epidural fibrosis (EF) at the laminectomy site. Materials and methods: Twenty-four adult male Sprague Dawley rats were equally divided into four groups. Laminectomy was performed at the L5 level in all rats. The group 2 and group 4 rats were treated with local drug administration. While the group 1 and 2 rats were sacrificed after 6 weeks, the remaining rats were reoperated and CAH mixture was applied in group 4. The vertebral columns of all rats …

The Consequences Of Aluminium Intake On Reproductive Function In Male Rats:A Three-Generation Study, Florin Muselin, Romeo Teodor Cristina, Violeta Igna, Eugenia Dumitrescu, Diana Brezovan, Alexandra Trif

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The effects of aluminium exposure on reproductive biomarkers in male rats were followed in a three-generation study. Materials and methods: Forty Wistar male rats (F0) were divided into the following groups: control (C), receiving only tap water, and three experimental (E) groups, receiving aluminium sulphate (AS) (E1: 200 ppb, E2: 400 ppb, and E3: 1000 ppb) in drinking water for a 6-month exposure period. To obtain F1, three males from each group were mated with previously unexposed females (1:2 sex ratios) that during gestation and lactation were exposed to the same AS levels as males. The F1 generation male …

The Effects Of Novokinin, An At2 Agonist, On Blood Pressure, Vascular Responses, And Levels Of Adma, Nadph Oxidase, And Rho Kinase In Hypertension Induced By Nos Inhibition And Salt, Emre Mutlu, Selçuk İlhan, Eli̇f Onat, Murat Kara, Engi̇n Şahna

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The effects of AT2 receptor agonist novokinin on blood pressure, eNOS, NADPH oxidase, protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), and Rho kinase in hypertension were investigated. Furthermore, in isolated thoracic aorta rings, contractile and dilator responses were studied. Materials and methods: To develop hypertension, L-NAME was administered intraperitoneally and salt was given with tap water (1%) for 4 weeks. Novokinin was administered intraperitoneally for the last 2 weeks. Blood pressures were measured using the tail-cuff method and enzyme levels by real-time polymerase chain reaction in aortic tissues. Results: Blood pressure increased significantly in hypertensive rats. Novokinin reduced the blood pressure in …

Effects Of Naloxone And Yohimbine In Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Rabbit Model Study, Sumera Sajjad, Sadia Tobassum, Umer Farooq, Husna Malik, Musadiq Idris

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: To assess the therapeutic effects of naloxone and yohimbine on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in a rabbit model in terms of body weight and endocrinological parameters (luteinizing hormone, insulin, and estradiol). Materials and methods: A total of 50 adult, reproductively mature female rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were divided into five groups (n = 10/group). In the control group PCOS was not induced (negative control group), whereas in the remaining four groups (n = 40) PCOS was induced with a single i.m. injection of testosterone daily and were designated as follows: positive control, naloxone-treated (NalT), yohimbine-treated (YohT), and naloxone+yohimbine-treated (NalYT) groups. …

Serum Lithium Levels Are Associated With White Blood Cell Counts In Bipolar Disorder, Murat İlhan Atagün, Şükrü Alperen Korkmaz, Çağlar Soykan, Derya Büyüköz, Serdar Süleyman Can, Ali̇ Çayköylü

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Herbal Self-Medication Use In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Yusuf Aydin, Eli̇f Önder

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Pants Aid, Thomas Mendoza

A with Honors Projects

For this student honors project, the author created an adaptive device to assist individuals with reduced range of motion at the waist in donning lower body clothing. This essay summarizes initial trials of the device.

Stress-Induced Reinstatement Of Drug Seeking: 20 Years Of Progress, John R. Mantsch, David A. Baker, Douglas Funk, Anh D. Lê, Yavin Shaham

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

In human addicts, drug relapse and craving are often provoked by stress. Since 1995, this clinical scenario has been studied using a rat model of stress-induced reinstatement of drug seeking. Here, we first discuss the generality of stress-induced reinstatement to different drugs of abuse, different stressors, and different behavioral procedures. We also discuss neuropharmacological mechanisms, and brain areas and circuits controlling stress-induced reinstatement of drug seeking. We conclude by discussing results from translational human laboratory studies and clinical trials that were inspired by results from rat studies on stress-induced reinstatement. Our main conclusions are (1) The phenomenon of stress-induced reinstatement, …

Identification Of Inhibitors Of Fxii, Alexandra C. Bensel

Honors Theses

Hereditary angioedema is characterized by recurrent swelling of the extremities, larynx, and gastrointestinal tract. While type I and type II hereditary angioedema result from a C1-inhibitor deficiency, a new variant of the disease, type III hereditary angioedema, was recently discovered in individuals with functioning levels of the C1-inhibitor. Ongoing research has postulated that increased activity of factor XII is responsible for this new form of hereditary angioedema because it causes overproduction of bradykinin. The purpose of the experiment was to identify inhibitors of factor XII. One hundred and seventy six molecules were screened through a dose response using Human Factor …

Exploration In The Effectiveness Of Solid Lipid Nanoparticle Formulations In Enhancing Ocular Delivery Of Win 55, 212 In The Management Of Glaucoma, Emily Ann Nesbit

Honors Theses

Glaucoma is a progressive and degenerative ocular disease which, without proper treatment, can result in permanent blindness. Due to a complex organization of lipophilic and hydrophilic ocular membranes, topical delivery of therapeutic agents has also proved to be a challenging task. Cannabinoids, such as Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), have intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering and neuroprotective capabilities. Due to the unfavorable physiochemical characteristics of these molecules, delivery into the eye through a topical route is very difficult. Previous research has shown that prodrug derivatization and formulations such as solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) improve the physiochemical characteristics and ocular bioavailability of such molecules. WIN …

Effect Of Spatial Inhomogeneities On The Membrane Surface On Receptor Dimerization And Signal Initiation, Romica Kerketta, Adam M. Halasz, Mara P. Steinkamp, Bridget S. Wilson, Jeremy S. Edwards

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Important signal transduction pathways originate on the plasma membrane, where microdomains may transiently entrap diffusing receptors. This results in a non-random distribution of receptors even in the resting state, which can be visualized as “clusters” by high resolution imaging methods. Here, we explore how spatial in-homogeneities in the plasma membrane might influence the dimerization and phosphorylation status of ErbB2 and ErbB3, two receptor tyrosine kinases that preferentially heterodimerize and are often co-expressed in cancer. This theoretical study is based upon spatial stochastic simulations of the two-dimensional membrane landscape, where variables include differential distributions and overlap of transient confinement zones (“domains”) …

Detection Of Auditory Signals In Quiet And Noisy Backgrounds While Performing A Visuo-Spatial Task, Vishakha W. Rawool

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The ability to detect important auditory signals while performing visual tasks may be further compounded by background chatter. Thus, it is important to know how task performance may interact with background chatter to hinder signal detection. Aim: To examine any interactive effects of speech spectrum noise and task performance on the ability to detect signals. Settings and Design: The setting was a sound-treated booth. A repeated measures design was used. Materials and Methods: Auditory thresholds of 20 normal adults were determined at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz in the following conditions presented in a random order: (1) quiet with …

Cancer-Related Fatigue Trajectory And Biological Correlates Of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Patients During Chemotherapy, Timothy D. Ogburn, Nada Lukkahatai

AANAPISI Poster Presentations

Pediatric recruitment included a patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Blood chemistry and blood indices were analyzed and the patient reported physical, mental, and emotional statuses in a PROMIS questionnaire. At baseline, week 1, week 2, and week 3 Fatigue fluctuated over time while there was a decrease in anxiety, pain, and depression. Suspected fatigue biomarkers were not quantified.

Regulation Of Cancer Stem Cells By Protein Post-Translational Modifications, Emily Khanh Pham, Hui Zhang

AANAPISI Poster Presentations

Various diseases are caused by defective genes or mutations within the DNA. These mutations can cause cancer cells, which are usually treated through chemotherapy and radiation. However, these methods have not completely effective towards cancer stem cells, a group of cancer cells that possess stem cell properties and are capable of initiating cancer. In order to discover new methods of targeting these specific cells, technology for genome engineering will enable researchers to further study genetic requirements within these cells. The method of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 will help cleave and alter genomic sequences to potentially correct the …

Ada News Convention Daily - 2016 Day 2, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

The ADA News Daily (also called the ADA News Convention Daily) is a special edition of the ADA News published each day during American Dental Association Annual Sessions.

Reduction Of Fecal Coliform Bacteria Through The Elimination Of Sewage Discharges In West Virginia Streams, Kady Rogers

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Background and Objectives

Early environmental regulations such as the Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1948, and the 1972 amendments—which would later become known as the Clean Water Act—have improved the quality of the drinking and recreational waters here in the United States. This has been achieved as a result of strict regulations on discharges, proper management strategies, as well as thorough sampling and testing for contaminants. One such contaminant is fecal waste; these materials are a public health concern because of the potential risk of gastrointestinal diseases. Scientists have used fecal coliforms as an indicator of the presence of …

A Comparative Study Of Ever And Never Smokers With Bronchiectasis, Laura Higdon

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Objective: The objective of the study is to predict the odds of death in participants with bronchiectasis and to determine if ever smokers have increased odds of death when compared to never smokers.

Methods: Data for the study was used from the Bronchiectasis Research. Pearson chi square test is used to compare never smokers to ever smokers for age, gender, and participants enrolled status. Logistic regression is used to predict the odds of death for smoking status, age, gender, or CT scan findings. CT scan findings for this study are dilated airways, airways that are thickening, tree-in-bud infiltrates or mucoid …

Overdose Education And Naloxone Distribution By Board-Certified Pharmacists In Five Eastern Kentucky Counties, Laura Elizabeth Broughton

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

The Coalition of Kentucky Health Professionals Against Substance Abuse (CKHPASA) is a professional organization uniting members of the various health professions against a rising tide of substance abuse in the state of Kentucky. In 2013, Kentucky ranked 3rd in the United States for highest number of drug overdose fatalities. Previously under the scourge of the prescription opioid epidemic, the state of Kentucky is now seeing rising numbers of overdose deaths related to heroin use, which is an opioid that works similarly to morphine and prescription pain medications.

Naloxone is a life-saving antidote for opioid related overdoses and evidence has shown …

Improving Indoor Air Quality For Children In Rural Kentucky, Denerica L. Curry

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Community interventions directed towards improving indoor air quality for children are often implemented after exposure has occurred and focuses on parental smoking cessation. Our proposed project will intervene during the prenatal stage prior to exposure and continue to support families 6 months postpartum. Infants are at an increased risk of secondhand smoke exposure due to the amount of time they spend in the home and proximity to the smoker. We hypothesize that by enhancing care of the current home visitation model to include an early intervention we will increase the amount of smoking bans in the home and decrease maternal …