Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Prevalence And Factors Associated With Undernutrition And Anaemia Among School Children In Durbete Town, Northwest Ethiopia, Tilahun Alelign, Abraham Degarege, Berhanu Erko

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

BACKGROUND: Information about risk factors of undernutrition and anaemia is useful to design appropriate strategies to control the health problems. In this study, the prevalence and factors associated with undernutrition and anaemia were assessed among school children in Abchikeli and Ayalew Mekonnen Elementary Schools, northwest Ethiopia, in February and March 2010.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 384 school children. Stool samples were examined using single Kato-Katz slide and nutritional status was determined using anthropometry technique. A pre-tested standardized questionnaire was used to gather information on the socio-demographic and the socio-economic status of the school children. Multivariate logistic …

An Experiment In Civil Dialogue In A Clinical Pastoral Education Group At Caromont Regional Medical Center, Gastonia, North Carolina, Stephen Allen Lemons

Doctor of Ministry Projects

An Experiment in Civil Dialogue... was designed to create a setting for civil dialogue concerning homosexuality and Christian faith. The seven-week process involved eight daylong sessions with eight Clinical Pastoral Education students. Sessions focused on a study of biblical passages regarding homosexuality. Passages were examined from a traditional and progressive viewpoint. Six guests presented from a traditional or progressive viewpoint. Participants wrote verbatims and theological integration papers focusing on pastoral care to LGBT persons/families. Research methods included focus and control group and quantitative-qualitative research. Interviews, surveys and written reflections attest that the group maintained civil dialogue throughout the process. The …

Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus Induces Ho-1 During De Novo Infection Of Endothelial Cells Via Viral Mirna-Dependent And -Independent Mechanisms, Sara Botto, Jennifer Totonchy, Jean K. Gustin, Ashlee V. Moses

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) herpesvirus (KSHV) infection of endothelial cells (EC) is associated with strong induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a stress-inducible host gene that encodes the rate-limiting enzyme responsible for heme catabolism. KS is an angioproliferative tumor characterized by the proliferation of KSHV-infected spindle cells, and HO-1 is highly expressed in such cells. HO-1 converts the pro-oxidant, proinflammatory heme molecule into metabolites with antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and proliferative activities. Previously published work has shown that KSHV-infected EC in vitro proliferate in response to free heme in a HO-1-dependent manner, thus implicating virus-enhanced HO-1 activity in KS tumorigenesis. The present study investigated …

Role Of 5'Tg3'-Interacting Factors (Tgifs) In Vorinostat (Hdac Inhibitor)-Mediated Corneal Fibrosis Inhibition, Ajay Sharma, Nishant R. Sinha, Saad Siddiqui, Rajiv R. Mohan

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Purpose: We have previously reported that vorinostat, an FDA-approved, clinically used histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, attenuates corneal fibrosis in vivo in rabbits by blocking transforming growth factor β (TGFβ). The 5′TG3′-interacting factors (TGIFs) are transcriptional repressors of TGFβ1 signaling via the Smad pathway. The present study was designed to explore the expression of TGIFs in human corneal fibroblasts and to investigate their role in mediating the antifibrotic effect of vorinostat.

Methods: Human corneal fibroblast cultures were generated from donor corneas. RNA isolation, cDNA preparation, and PCR were performed to detect the presence of TGIF1 and TGIF2 transcripts. The cultures were …

An Evaluation Of The Adherence To An Indwelling Urinary Catheter Maintenance Bundle, Jessica Lynn Johnston

DNP Projects

Background: There are more than 1 million Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) occurrences per year in the United States, with an estimated cost to treat of $400 million dollars annually (Clarke et al., 2013). Urinary Tract Infections are the most common hospital acquired infection, comprising roughly 30 - 40% of all infections occurring in acute care hospitals (Gould et al., 2009). In February of 2013, the University of Kentucky (UK) Hospital made drastic changes to the current Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infection (CAUTI) prevention standards by instituting a CAUTI Maintenance Bundle to prevent the incidence of CAUTIs.

Purpose …

Assessment Of Migraine Management In Adolescents, Kara L. Scott

DNP Projects

Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess how providers are managing adolescent patients with migraines in Kentucky.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study via a 28-item survey instrument, which is distributed electronically via member listserve to members of the Kentucky Coalition of Nurse Practitioners and Nurse Midwives (KCNPNM).

Results: Of the 35 survey respondents, there were 29 respondents who met criteria for participation in the survey. Respondents reported the most common presenting symptom for adolescent migraine was headache. Over half of the respondents (58.6%) initiated treatment with over-the-counter medications, with ibuprofen (65.5%) being the most commonly used. 62.1% of …

The Relationship Between Stressors And Intent To Leave Nursing Homes Among Directors Of Nursing, Crystal R. Williamson

Journal of Sustainable Social Impact

According to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, some nursing homes have been ranked worst in the nation when rating the quality of resident care. The purpose of this study was to determine the relative strength of workplace stress, job satisfaction, organizational support, and personal data (number of years employed, age, highest education level) in predicting director of nursing (DON) intentions to leave the position. This information contributes to social change because it is important to know that DONs need to experience general satisfaction in order to maintain stable leadership that positively contributes to the quality of care in …

Comparing Must And The Nri Tools In The Identification Of Malnutrition In Heart Failure Patients, Cassondra D. Degener

DNP Projects

The purpose of this project was to test the performance of albumin, NRI and MUST screening tools in comparison to the standardized measure of prealbumin among HF patients admitted to the University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center. Inclusion criteria included all HF patients with the 428 diagnostic code, admitted from January 1, - December 31, 2013, ages 18 and older, with all laboratory values available specified in the data collection tool (Appendix A). A retrospective electronic medical record (EMR) review was performed for 100 patients who met the inclusion criteria. All data were collected through the University of Kentucky’s secure …

The Efficacy Of Stemi Networks And Systems Of Coordinated Stemi Care: An Evaluation Of The Implementation Of A Stemi Network, Julianne M. Evers

DNP Projects

Purpose: The purpose of this project was to evaluate the implementation of an ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) Network into a large metropolitan healthcare system in Kentucky. The objectives of this project were to (1) determine if (and to what extent) the implementation of the STEMI Network decreased walk-in, emergency medical services (EMS), and transfer door to balloon (D2B) times at a STEMI receiving center at a metropolitan Kentucky academic hospital, (2) determine if there is a difference in treatment times for those individuals who present during working hours compared to non-working hours of the day, and (3) examine the associations …

การศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ของการเห็นคุณค่าในตนเองและพฤติกรรมเสี่ยงต่อการติดเชื้อเอชไอวีของผู้ต้องราชทัณฑ์ในเรือนจำที่มีโปรแกรมชุมชนบำบัดแห่งหนึ่งในภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ, สุภาพรรณ สอาดเอี่ยม, อรรถพล สุคนธาภิรมย์ ณ พัทลุง

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

เหตุผลของการทำวิจัย : การเห็นคุณค่าในตนเองเป็นปัจจัยสำคัญประการหนึ่งที่สนับสนุนให้บุคคลดูแลเอาใจใส่ตนเองมากขึ้น ด้วยความเชื่อว่าหากมนุษย์เห็นคุณค่าในตนเอง จะสนใจดูแลปกป้องตนเองให้ดี ผู้วิจัยจึงทำการศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างพฤติกรรมเสี่ยงต่อการติดเชื้อเอชไอวี กับการเห็นคุณค่าในตนเอง โดยทำการศึกษาในผู้ต้องราชทัณฑ์วัตถุประสงค์ : เพื่อศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ของการเห็นคุณค่าในตนเอง และพฤติกรรมความเสี่ยงต่อการติดเชื้อเอชไอวี ของผู้ต้องราชทัณฑ์ในเรือนจำที่มีโปรแกรมชุมชนบำบัดในภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือรูปแบบการวิจัย : การศึกษานี้เป็นการวิจัยเชิงพรรณนา ศึกษา ณ เวลาใดเวลาหนึ่งสถานที่ทำการศึกษา : เรือนจำที่มีโปรแกรมชุมชนบำบัดแห่งหนึ่งในภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือตัวอย่างและวิธีการศึกษา : ประชากรที่ศึกษาคือผู้ต้องราชทัณฑ์ของเรือนจำแห่งหนึ่งในภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ ที่มีอายุระหว่าง 18 - 60 ปี ที่ต้องโทษตามพระราชบัญญัติยาเสพติดให้โทษ พ.ศ. 2522 จำนวน 345 คน ทำการเก็บข้อมูลโดยใช้แบบสอบถามข้อมูลส่วนบุคคล แบบสอบถามเกี่ยวกับพฤติกรรมเสี่ยง แบบสอบถามเกี่ยวกับความรู้เรื่องเอดส์แบบวัดการเห็นคุณค่าในตนเองของคูเปอร์สมิธ และวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลโดยใช้ Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact Test และ Independent t-testตามความเหมาะสมผลการศึกษา : ผู้ต้องราชทัณฑ์มีพฤติกรรมเสี่ยงต่อการติดเชื้อเอชไอวี คือ การใช้เข็มฉีดยาและของมีคมอื่นๆ ร่วมกัน เพื่อการสักตามร่างกาย และพบว่าไม่นิยมใช้ถุงยางอนามัย เมื่อต้องการมีเพศสัมพันธ์ ไม่บอกคู่นอนของตนให้ใช้ถุงยางอนามัย และไม่ขอถุงยางอนามัยจากเจ้าหน้าที่นอกจากนี้ ผู้ต้องราชทัณฑ์ยังขาดความรู้ความเข้าใจเกี่ยวกับการใช้ชีวิตร่วมกับผู้ติดเชื้อเอชไอวีและการติดต่อของโรคโดยร้อยละ 96.8เข้าใจว่าหากรับประทานอาหารร่วมกับผู้ที่มีเชื้อเอชไอวี จะทำให้สามารถติดเชื้อเอชไอวีได้ และร้อยละ 14.5 เข้าใจว่ายุงเป็นพาหะเชื้อเอชไอวี ผู้ต้องราชทัณฑ์ส่วนใหญ่ คิดเป็นร้อยละ 71.9 มีระดับการเห็นคุณค่าในตนเองในระดับปานกลาง (2.61 - 3.33)สรุป : พฤติกรรมเสี่ยงต่อการติดเชื้อเอชไอวีที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับการเห็นคุณค่าในตนเอง อย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ระดับ 0.05 (p-value =0.023) คือ พฤติกรรมการใช้เข็มฉีดยาร่วมกับผู้อื่นเพื่อการสักร่างกาย.

The Psychological Well-Being Of Men Diagnosed With Prostate Cancer, Lee A. Walmsley

Theses and Dissertations--Nursing

Prostate cancer (PC) affects one in eight men in North America and continues to be the most common site of cancer in males, especially among older men in Europe and the United States, and the second most common cancer worldwide. Prostate cancer is, after lung cancer, the most common cause of cancer-related deaths among men with an estimated 27,540 deaths in 2015.

The well-being of patients diagnosed with PC is a largely unexplored research area. Numerous factors likely impact men’s psychological well-being as they progress through the experience of managing PC. Among the various factors that may predict psychological well-being …

Transfer Rna Comes Of Age, Michael Ibba

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

"The year the journal RNA was founded was slated by some in scientific publishing to be the year that one particular type of RNA's run in the spotlight would end. In 1995 I had recently started as a post-doc with Dieter Söll at Yale when he came into the lab to solemnly inform us all that an editor at a certain (S)cience journal had just told him “we won't be publishing any more tRNA papers.” For a post-doc who had migrated across the Atlantic for the sole purpose of furthering his career by working on tRNA this was not great …

Exogenous Administration Of Lipids To Steers Alters Aspects Of The Innate Immune Response To Endotoxin Challenge, Nicole C. Burdick Sanchez, Jeffery A. Carroll, Janet R. Donaldson, Joe O. Buntyn, Ty B. Schmidt

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

This study examined the effects of increasing energy availability from both dextrose and lipid treatments on the proinflammatory response to LPS in Holstein steers. Steers were randomly assigned to one of three groups: saline at 0.5 ml/ kg body weight (Control) or 50% dextrose [0.5 ml/kg body weight (Dextrose) to mimic calm cattle’s response to LPS] administered immediately prior to LPS (0.5 mg/kg body weight at 0 h) or continuous lipid emulsion infusion from –1 to 6 h [Intralipid 20% (Baxter, Deerfield, IL USA); 0.5 ml/kg/hr (Lipid) to mimic temperamental cattle]. Concentrations of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were greater in …

Identification Of The Conformational Transition Pathway In Pip2 Opening Kir Channels, Junwei Li, Shouqin Lü, Yuzhi Liu, Chunli Pang, Yafei Chen, Suhua Zhang, Hui Yu, Mian Long, Hailin Zhang, Diomedes E. Logothetis, Yong Zhan, Hailong An

Physiology and Biophysics Publications and Presentations

The gating of Kir channels depends critically on phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), but the detailed mechanism by which PIP2regulates Kir channels remains obscure. Here, we performed a series of Targeted molecular dynamics simulations on the full-length Kir2.1 channel and, for the first time, were able to achieve the transition from the closed to the open state. Our data show that with the upward motion of the cytoplasmic domain (CTD) the structure of the C-Linker changes from a loop to a helix. The twisting of the C-linker triggers the rotation of the CTD, which induces a small downward movement of the CTD …

Starvation-Induced Collective Behavior In C. Elegans, Alex B. Artyukhin, Joshua J. Yim, Mi Cheong Cheong, Leon Avery

Physiology and Biophysics Publications and Presentations

We describe a new type of collective behavior in C. elegans nematodes, aggregation of starved L1 larvae. Shortly after hatching in the absence of food, L1 larvae arrest their development and disperse in search for food. In contrast, after two or more days without food, the worms change their behavior—they start to aggregate. The aggregation requires a small amount of ethanol or acetate in the environment. In the case of ethanol, it has to be metabolized, which requires functional alcohol dehydrogenase sodh-1. The resulting acetate is used in de novo fatty acid synthesis, and some of the newly made …

Chiildhood Bullying: Assessment Practices And Predictive Factors Associated With Assessing For Bullying By Health Care Providers, Vicki Hensley

Theses and Dissertations--Nursing

Childhood bullying affects over 25% of today’s youth and causes up to 160,000 missed school days per year. Bullying causes short and long term adverse effects to both mental and physical health. Many organizations encourage healthcare providers to take an active role in bullying prevention. However, there has been little research into the role of primary healthcare providers regarding childhood bullying and the effectiveness of different approaches to screening and management.

Therefore the purposes of this dissertation were to a) explore childhood bullying and the role of the healthcare provider in bullying prevention, b) develop and evaluate the psychometric properties …

Elderly Patient Adherence To Ocular Pharmaceuticals; Impact Of Educational And Physical Barriers, Lucky Wagner

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

The purpose of this research was to assess and evaluate elderly patient's attitudes and behavior regarding educational and physical barriers and the impact on adherence to ocular pharmaceuticals. A 19 question survey was developed and in order to collect data. The survey was administered in person at the Edina Senior Center and the Burnsville Senior Center and online via Zoomerang survey software regarding elderly patient attitudes on educational and physical barriers and their impact on ocular pharmaceutical adherence. Findings from this study indicate elderly patients treating an ocular condition with ocular pharmaceuticals expressed strong agreement with improving upon both educational …

Impact Of Caregiving Role In The Quality Of Life Of Family Caregivers For Persons With Alzheimer's Disease, Supriya Sarkar

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

This study investigated quality of life of family caregivers of persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Caregiving is a strenuous and challenging job. Family caregivers experience poor quality of life after they take the role of caregiving which might be related to depression. Purpose of this study was to find if caregiving duration and depression has any role in affecting family caregivers' emotional, physical, and general health.

Data for this study were collected through electronic and mailed survey methods. The questionnaires completed by subjects: Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (MOS-36) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Descriptive statistics …

The Relationship Between Sexual Functioning And Sleep Quality In A Female Undergraduate Student Sample, Alexander Kuka

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

A relative lack of literature exists regarding the relationship between sexual functioning and sleep quality in women. The current study assessed these constructs in a sample of 260 undergraduate female students via online administration of relevant measures for sleep quality, sexual functioning, stress, and medical conditions and prescription medications. The relationship between sleep quality and sexual functioning was positive but not significant, even when controlling for relevant variables such as stress. As such, future research might seek to clarify this relationship and to identify variables that mediate or moderate this relationship.

A Retrospective Analysis On Quality Safety Outcomes In Patients Who Boarded In The Emergency Department With Syncope Or Near Syncope: Comparison Of Patient Bed Location And Admitting Service Area, Tamala S. Bradham

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Patients presenting with the primary complaint of syncope or near syncope (PSNS) in the emergency department (ED) represents 11.9 million annual visits nationally with an estimated annual cost of over $2.4 billion. With an increase in ED patient visits and limited inpatient bed availability, patients are "boarding" in the ED for extended periods of time. Our aim was to assess whether first available bed assignment, regardless of the admitting service area, would negatively affect major quality patient safety indicators for PSNS. We completed a retrospective cohort study of 659 patients who visited a US southeast academic medical center over a …

Perceived Social Support And Self-Care In Patients Hospitalized With Heart Failure, Lyne Chamberlain

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Problem: Heart failure is the most frequent cause for hospital readmissions in Medicare recipients, with an estimated annual cost of $12 billion. Heart failure hospitalizations are also an independent risk factor for increased mortality. Self-care, thought to be enhanced by perceived social support, is key to managing this syndrome, and up to 50% of readmissions are considered the result of inadequate self-care. Purpose: To evaluate perceived social support and self-care characteristics of patients hospitalized with an exacerbation of heart failure, and to compare these characteristics with a study of ambulatory patients with heart failure. In addition, to assess the relationship …

New County Record Of Black-Spot Disease In Arkansas, C. S. Thigpen, S. E. Trauth, L. I. Bagwell, J. D. Konvalina, S. A. Schratz

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Bracing Of The Trunk And Neck Has A Differential Effect On Head Control During Gait, S. Morrison, D. M. Russell, K. Kelleran, M. L. Walker

Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

During gait, the trunk and neck are believed to play an important role in dissipating the transmission of forces from the ground to the head. This attenuation process is important to ensure head control is maintained. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of externally restricting the motion of the trunk and/or neck segments on acceleration patterns of the upper body and head and related trunk muscle activity. Twelve healthy adults performed three walking trials on a flat, straight 65-m walkway, under four different bracing conditions: 1) control-no brace; 2) neck-braced; 3) trunk-braced; and 4) neck-trunk …

Metaphoric Generative Genograms: A Journey To Bring Genograms To Life Through Metaphorical Components, Elisa Garcia

Department of Family Therapy Dissertations and Applied Clinical Projects

The purpose of this dissertation is to offer a greater understanding of the potential of genograms through my clinical work from a Bowen Family Systems lens. I account for how I processed and effectively blended metaphorical components, by examining six cases from my two-year journal entries, of bringing genograms to life in sessions. I also explain how I created a useful tool, the Metaphoric Generative Genogram, that can benefit other clinicians working with children and families in the foster care community.

Balancing Act: Successfully Combining Creativity And Accountability In The Practice Of Marriage And Family Therapy, Nathalie Duque Bello

Department of Family Therapy Dissertations and Applied Clinical Projects

The conditions that allowed early MFTs the freedom to creatively explore different interventions and theories of change are no longer available in today’s mental health care system. Although there are many benefits to the structure of managed behavioral healthcare organizations, a thorough review of the literature demonstrates that many therapists working in managed care agencies struggle with maintaining their theoretical creativity, claiming third-party payers’ service requirements and paperwork a barrier to their creativity. A phenomenological transcendental research method was utilized to understand the phenomenon of successfully combining creativity and accountability in the practice of marriage and family therapy from the …

History Of Concussion And Current Functional Movement Screen Scores In A Collegiate Recreational Population, Jordan M. Dorrien

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Introduction: 1.6-3.8 million concussions occur annually related to sport.¹ Although neurometabolic alterations in the brain last 7-10 days following a concussion, an increased Cortical Silent Period (CSP) has been found to persist after 19 months.^2,3 Further, movement impairments have been noted years after injury.⁴ The Functional Movement Screen (FMS) assesses mobility and stability in the body.⁵ The purpose of this study was to assess if FMS scores correlate to history of a concussion in healthy college club sport participants. Methods: Health history and FMS score were collected on 55 participants (38 male, …

Security Risks Of Medical Devices In Wireless Environments, Krishnun Sansurooah

Australian eHealth Informatics and Security Conference

The advancement of wireless medical devices technology, that has developed in hospitals and migrated into the home environment, has created unsustainability in in terms of the management of security for such devices. Through this paper, we shall attempt to explain how medical devices have completely changed the way security needs to be approached in the medical field. We shall also explore the history of medical devices and the organizational problems faced for the development of these devices, the different stakeholders strengths and weaknesses, especially if the device is implanted inside the body of a patient. Once the risk is understood …

Guidelines For The Initial Management Of Adults With Sepsis/Severe Sepsis/Septic Shock: 2015, Erfan Hussain, Bushra Jamil, Naseem Salahuddin

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Diagnosis And Management Of Preeclampsia In Community Settings In Low And Middle-Income Countries, Rehana A. Salam, Jai K. Das, Anum Ali, Soumyadeep Bhaumik, Zohra S. Lassi

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy contribute significantly to maternal mortality and morbidity. Preeclampsia belongs to the spectrum of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and if undiagnosed and/or untreated leads to fatal consequences for both the mother and the baby. Early detection and prevention of preeclampsia is limited by uncertainty in the knowledge about its etiopathogenesis. While much work has been done in establishing clinical guidelines for management of preeclampsia in the hospital or tertiary care settings, there is considerable lack of work in the domain of evidence-based guidelines for screening, identification and management of preeclampsia at the community-level. The article reviews these …

Health At Every Size Program Intervention Versus Traditional Weight Loss Intervention: Impact On Diet And Physical Activity, Brooke Noble

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Backround. A shift from a weight-focus to a health focus -Health At Every Size (HAES)-has been suggested. Yet, little research has compared the impact of this approach to a traditional weight loss program on diet, while physical activity, anthropometric and health indicators have been mixed. Objective. This study evaluated diet, physical activity, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, blood sugar and cholesterol in participants in these two interventions. It was hypothesized that the HAES group would consume a more nutrient dense diet, more whole foods, higher fiber and lower sodium, while the traditional group would consume lower calories, fat and fiber …