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2015

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Articles 7681 - 7710 of 11981

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Psychosis Prevention: A Modified Clinical High Risk Perspective From The Recognition And Prevention (Rap) Program, B. A. Cornblatt, R. Carrion, A. Auther, D. Mclaughlin, R. H. Olsen, M. John, C. U. Correll Jan 2015

Psychosis Prevention: A Modified Clinical High Risk Perspective From The Recognition And Prevention (Rap) Program, B. A. Cornblatt, R. Carrion, A. Auther, D. Mclaughlin, R. H. Olsen, M. John, C. U. Correll

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVE: Early intervention and prevention of psychosis remain a major challenge. Prediction would be greatly advanced with improved ability to identify individuals at true risk, which, at present, is moderate at best. The authors tested a modified strategy to improve prediction by selecting a more homogeneous high-risk sample (attenuated positive symptom criteria only, age range of mid-teens to early 20s) than is currently standard, combined with a systematic selection of neurodevelopmental deficits. METHOD: A sample of 101 treatment-seeking adolescents (mean age, 15.9 years) at clinical high risk for psychosis were followed clinically for up to 5 years (mean follow-up time, …

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Cardiovascular And Cerebrovascular Risk Factors And Events Associated With Second-Generation Antipsychotic Compared To Antidepressant Use In A Non-Elderly Adult Sample: Results From A Claims-Based Inception Cohort Study, C. U. Correll, B. I. Joffe, L. M. Rosen, T. B. Sullivan, R. T. Joffe Jan 2015

Cardiovascular And Cerebrovascular Risk Factors And Events Associated With Second-Generation Antipsychotic Compared To Antidepressant Use In A Non-Elderly Adult Sample: Results From A Claims-Based Inception Cohort Study, C. U. Correll, B. I. Joffe, L. M. Rosen, T. B. Sullivan, R. T. Joffe

Journal Articles

This is a study of the metabolic and distal cardiovascular/cerebrovascular outcomes associated with the use of second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) compared to antidepressants (ADs) in adults aged 18-65 years, based on data from Thomson Reuters MarketScan (R) Research Databases 2006-2010, a commercial U.S. claims database. Interventions included clinicians' choice treatment with SGAs (allowing any comedications) versus ADs (not allowing SGAs). The primary outcomes of interest were time to inpatient or outpatient claims for the following diagnoses within one year of SGA or AD discontinuation: hypertension, ischemic and hypertensive heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and obesity. Secondary outcomes included the …

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Examining The Psychosis Continuum, P. Derosse, K. H. Karlsgodt Jan 2015

Examining The Psychosis Continuum, P. Derosse, K. H. Karlsgodt

Journal Articles

The notion that psychosis may exist on a continuum with normal experience has been proposed in multiple forms throughout the history of psychiatry. However, in recent years there has been an exponential increase in efforts aimed at elucidating what has been termed the 'psychosis continuum'. The present review seeks to summarize some of the more basic characteristics of this continuum and to present some of the recent findings that provide support for its validity. While there is still considerable work to be done, the emerging data holds considerable promise for advancing our understanding of both risk and resilience to psychiatric …

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Reliability Of An Fmri Paradigm For Emotional Processing In A Multisite Longitudinal Study, D. G. Gee, S. C. Mcewen, J. K. Forsyth, K. M. Haut, C. E. Bearden, K. S. Cadenhead, H. Mirzakhanian, B. A. Cornblatt, D. Olvet, T. D. Cannon, +14 Additional Authors Jan 2015

Reliability Of An Fmri Paradigm For Emotional Processing In A Multisite Longitudinal Study, D. G. Gee, S. C. Mcewen, J. K. Forsyth, K. M. Haut, C. E. Bearden, K. S. Cadenhead, H. Mirzakhanian, B. A. Cornblatt, D. Olvet, T. D. Cannon, +14 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Multisite neuroimaging studies can facilitate the investigation of brain-related changes in many contexts, including patient groups that are relatively rare in the general population. Though multisite studies have characterized the reliability of brain activation during working memory and motor functional magnetic resonance imaging tasks, emotion processing tasks, pertinent to many clinical populations, remain less explored. A traveling participants study was conducted with eight healthy volunteers scanned twice on consecutive days at each of the eight North American Longitudinal Prodrome Study sites. Tests derived from generalizability theory showed excellent reliability in the amygdala ( Erho2 = 0.82), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG; …

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Subcortical Modulation In Auditory Processing And Auditory Hallucinations, T. Ikuta, P. Derosse, M. Argyelan, K. H. Karlsgodt, P. B. Kingsley, P. R. Szeszko, A. K. Malhotra Jan 2015

Subcortical Modulation In Auditory Processing And Auditory Hallucinations, T. Ikuta, P. Derosse, M. Argyelan, K. H. Karlsgodt, P. B. Kingsley, P. R. Szeszko, A. K. Malhotra

Journal Articles

Hearing perception in individuals with auditory hallucinations has not been well studied. Auditory hallucinations have previously been shown to involve primary auditory cortex activation. This activation suggests that auditory hallucinations activate the terminal of the auditory pathway as if auditory signals are submitted from the cochlea, and that a hallucinatory event is therefore perceived as hearing. The primary auditory cortex is stimulated by some unknown source that is outside of the auditory pathway. The current study aimed to assess the outcomes of stimulating the primary auditory cortex through the auditory pathway in individuals who have experienced auditory hallucinations. Sixteen patients …

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White Matter Microstructure In The Executive Network Associated With Aggression In Healthy Adolescents And Young Adults, K. H. Karlsgodt, A. A. Bato, M. A. Blair, P. Derosse, P. Szeszko, A. K. Malhotra Jan 2015

White Matter Microstructure In The Executive Network Associated With Aggression In Healthy Adolescents And Young Adults, K. H. Karlsgodt, A. A. Bato, M. A. Blair, P. Derosse, P. Szeszko, A. K. Malhotra

Journal Articles

Predicting which individuals may engage in aggressive behavior is of interest in today's society; however, there is little data on the neural basis of aggression in healthy individuals. Here, we tested whether regional differences in white matter (WM) microstructure were associated with later reports of aggressive tendencies. We recontacted healthy young adults an average of 3 years after they underwent research MRI scans. Via electronic survey, we administered the Buss Perry Aggression Questionnaire. We divided aggression into Aggressive Thoughts (Anger and Hostility subscales) and Aggressive Acts (Verbal and Physical subscales) and used Tract-Based Spatial Statistics to test the relationship of …

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The Accumbofrontal Tract: Diffusion Tensor Imaging Characterization And Developmental Change From Childhood To Adulthood, K. H. Karlsgodt, M. John, T. Ikuta, P. Rigoard, B. D. Peters, P. Derosse, A. K. Malhotra, P. R. Szeszko Jan 2015

The Accumbofrontal Tract: Diffusion Tensor Imaging Characterization And Developmental Change From Childhood To Adulthood, K. H. Karlsgodt, M. John, T. Ikuta, P. Rigoard, B. D. Peters, P. Derosse, A. K. Malhotra, P. R. Szeszko

Journal Articles

The presence of an anatomical connection between the orbitofrontal cortex and ventral striatum, forming a so-called reward network, is well established across species. This connection has important implications for reward processing and is relevant to a number of neuropsychiatric disorders. Moreover, white matter (WM) is known to continue to mature across adolescence and into early adulthood, and developmental change in the reward network is an important component of models of decision making and risk taking. Despite the importance of this connection, the underlying WM has only recently been characterized in humans histologically, and not yet in-vivo using brain imaging. Here, …

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Treatment Of Early Non-Response In Patients With Schizophrenia: Assessing The Efficacy Of Antipsychotic Dose Escalation, A. Loebel, L. Citrome, C. U. Correll, J. Xu, J. Cucchiaro, J. M. Kane Jan 2015

Treatment Of Early Non-Response In Patients With Schizophrenia: Assessing The Efficacy Of Antipsychotic Dose Escalation, A. Loebel, L. Citrome, C. U. Correll, J. Xu, J. Cucchiaro, J. M. Kane

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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Self-Awareness Of Functional Impairment In Individuals At Clinical High-Risk For Psychosis, D. M. Olvet, R. E. Carrion, A. M. Auther, B. A. Cornblatt Jan 2015

Self-Awareness Of Functional Impairment In Individuals At Clinical High-Risk For Psychosis, D. M. Olvet, R. E. Carrion, A. M. Auther, B. A. Cornblatt

Journal Articles

AimsA major public health concern associated with schizophrenia is the long-term disability that involves an inability to function independently in the community. An individual's self-awareness of functional impairment may be a significant factor contributing to long-term disability. In fact, subjective interpretation of one's illness impacts treatment participation and adherence, and is linked to poor outcomes. However, it remains unclear how illness-related functional impairment is perceived by individuals prior to the onset of psychosis. This study aims to examine the relationship between clinician-based and self-report assessments of functioning, as well as the contribution of clinical symptoms to this relationship in individuals …

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Age And Sex Effects On Corpus Callosum Morphology Across The Lifespan, D. M. Prendergast, B. Ardekani, T. Ikuta, M. John, B. Peters, P. Derosse, R. Wellington, A. K. Malhotra, P. Szeszko Jan 2015

Age And Sex Effects On Corpus Callosum Morphology Across The Lifespan, D. M. Prendergast, B. Ardekani, T. Ikuta, M. John, B. Peters, P. Derosse, R. Wellington, A. K. Malhotra, P. Szeszko

Journal Articles

The corpus callosum (CC) is the largest interhemispheric white matter tract in the human brain, and is characterized by pronounced differences in morphology among individuals. There are limited data, however, regarding typical development, sex differences, and the neuropsychological correlates of individual differences within CC subregions. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging exams were collected in a large cohort (N=305) of healthy individuals (ages 8-68). We used a highly reliable program to automatically identify the midsagittal plane and obtain CC subregion measures according to approaches described by Witelson [1989]: Brain 112:799-835 and Hampel et al. [1998]: Arch Neurol 55:193-198 and a measure of …

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A Randomized Comparison Of Aripiprazole And Risperidone For The Acute Treatment Of First-Episode Schizophrenia And Related Disorders: 3-Month Outcomes, D. G. Robinson, J. A. Gallego, M. John, G. Petrides, Y. Hassoun, J. P. Zhang, L. Lopez, R. J. Braga, M. Naraine, N. Bennett, J. Greenberg, T. Lencz, C. U. Correll, J. M. Kane, A. K. Malhotra, +4 Additional Authors Jan 2015

A Randomized Comparison Of Aripiprazole And Risperidone For The Acute Treatment Of First-Episode Schizophrenia And Related Disorders: 3-Month Outcomes, D. G. Robinson, J. A. Gallego, M. John, G. Petrides, Y. Hassoun, J. P. Zhang, L. Lopez, R. J. Braga, M. Naraine, N. Bennett, J. Greenberg, T. Lencz, C. U. Correll, J. M. Kane, A. K. Malhotra, +4 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Research findings are particularly important for medication choice for first-episode patients as individual prior medication response to guide treatment decisions is unavailable. We describe the first large-scale double-masked randomized comparison with first-episode patients of aripiprazole and risperidone, 2 commonly used first-episode treatment agents. One hundred ninety-eight participants aged 15-40 years with schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder or psychotic disorder Not Otherwise Specified, and who had been treated in their lifetime with antipsychotics for 2 weeks or less were randomly assigned to double-masked aripiprazole (5-30mg/d) or risperidone (1-6mg/d) and followed for 12 weeks. Positive symptom response rates did not differ (62.8% …

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Prescription Practices In The Treatment Of First-Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Data From The National Raise-Etp Study, D. G. Robinson, N. R. Schooler, M. John, C. U. Correll, P. Marcy, J. Severe, A. Goldstein, S. Azrin, R. Heinssen, J. M. Kane, +7 Additional Authors Jan 2015

Prescription Practices In The Treatment Of First-Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Data From The National Raise-Etp Study, D. G. Robinson, N. R. Schooler, M. John, C. U. Correll, P. Marcy, J. Severe, A. Goldstein, S. Azrin, R. Heinssen, J. M. Kane, +7 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Objective: Treatment guidelines suggest distinctive medication strategies for first-episode and multiepisode patients with schizophrenia. To assess the extent to which community clinicians adjust their usual treatment regimens for first-episode patients, the authors examined prescription patterns and factors associated with prescription choice in a national cohort of early-phase patients. Method: Prescription data at study entry were obtained from 404 participants in the Recovery After an Initial Schizophrenia Episode Project's Early Treatment Program (RAISE-ETP), a nationwide multisite effectiveness study for patients with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Treatment with antipsychotics did not exceed 6 months at study entry. Results: The authors identified 159 …

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Relationship Of Cognition To Clinical Response In First-Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders, J. W. Trampush, T. Lencz, P. Derosse, M. John, J. A. Gallego, G. Petrides, Y. Hassoun, J. P. Zhang, J. Addington, C. H. Kellner, M. Tohen, K. E. Burdick, T. Goldberg, J. M. Kane, D. G. Robinson, A. K. Malhotra Jan 2015

Relationship Of Cognition To Clinical Response In First-Episode Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders, J. W. Trampush, T. Lencz, P. Derosse, M. John, J. A. Gallego, G. Petrides, Y. Hassoun, J. P. Zhang, J. Addington, C. H. Kellner, M. Tohen, K. E. Burdick, T. Goldberg, J. M. Kane, D. G. Robinson, A. K. Malhotra

Journal Articles

First-episode schizophrenia (FES) spectrum disorders are associated with pronounced cognitive dysfunction across all domains. However, less is known about the course of cognitive functioning, following the first presentation of psychosis, and the relationship of cognition to clinical course during initial treatment. The present longitudinal study examined the magnitude of neurocognitive impairment, using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, in patients experiencing their first episode of psychosis at baseline and after 12 weeks of randomized antipsychotic treatment with either aripiprazole or risperidone. At baseline, FES patients evidenced marked impairments in cognitive functioning. Notably, performance on the mazes task of planning and reasoning …

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Independent Evidence For An Association Between General Cognitive Ability And A Genetic Locus For Educational Attainment, J. W. Trampush, T. Lencz, S. Guha, S. Mukherjee, P. Derosse, M. John, O. A. Andreassen, I. J. Deary, D. C. Glahn, A. K. Malhotra, +41 Additional Authors Jan 2015

Independent Evidence For An Association Between General Cognitive Ability And A Genetic Locus For Educational Attainment, J. W. Trampush, T. Lencz, S. Guha, S. Mukherjee, P. Derosse, M. John, O. A. Andreassen, I. J. Deary, D. C. Glahn, A. K. Malhotra, +41 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Cognitive deficits and reduced educational achievement are common in psychiatric illness; understanding the genetic basis of cognitive and educational deficits may be informative about the etiology of psychiatric disorders. A recent, large genome-wide association study (GWAS) reported a genome-wide significant locus for years of education, which subsequently demonstrated association to general cognitive ability (g) in overlapping cohorts. The current study was designed to test whether GWAS hits for educational attainment are involved in general cognitive ability in an independent, large-scale collection of cohorts. Using cohorts in the Cognitive Genomics Consortium (COGENT; up to 20,495 healthy individuals), we examined the relationship …

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Outcome Of Youth With Early-Phase Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders And Psychosis Not Otherwise Specified Treated With Second-Generation Antipsychotics: 12 Week Results From A Prospective, Naturalistic Cohort Study, D. L. Vernal, S. Kapoor, A. Al-Jadiri, E. Sheridan, Y. Borenstein, C. Mormando, L. David, S. Singh, A. J. Seidman, M. Carbon, E. Saito, J. M. Kane, C. U. Correll, +2 Additional Authors Jan 2015

Outcome Of Youth With Early-Phase Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders And Psychosis Not Otherwise Specified Treated With Second-Generation Antipsychotics: 12 Week Results From A Prospective, Naturalistic Cohort Study, D. L. Vernal, S. Kapoor, A. Al-Jadiri, E. Sheridan, Y. Borenstein, C. Mormando, L. David, S. Singh, A. J. Seidman, M. Carbon, E. Saito, J. M. Kane, C. U. Correll, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess differences in the outcomes of youth with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SCZ-S) and psychotic disorder not otherwise specified (PsyNOS) during early antipsychotic treatment. METHODS: The study was a prospective, naturalistic, inception cohort study of youth

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Evidence From Structural And Diffusion Tensor Imaging For Frontotemporal Deficits In Psychometric Schizotypy, P. Derosse, G. C. Nitzburg, T. Ikuta, B. D. Peters, A. K. Malhotra, P. Szeszko Jan 2015

Evidence From Structural And Diffusion Tensor Imaging For Frontotemporal Deficits In Psychometric Schizotypy, P. Derosse, G. C. Nitzburg, T. Ikuta, B. D. Peters, A. K. Malhotra, P. Szeszko

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Previous studies of nonclinical samples exhibiting schizotypal traits have provided support for the existence of a continuous distribution of psychotic symptoms in the general population. Few studies, however, have examined the neural correlates of psychometric schizotypy using structural and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). METHODS: Healthy volunteers between the ages of 18 and 68 were recruited from the community and assessed using the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire and received structural and DTI exams. Participants with high (N = 67) and low (N = 71) psychometric schizotypy were compared on gray and white matter volume, and cortical thickness in frontal and temporal …

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White Matter Development In The Early Stages Of Psychosis, B. D. Peters, K. H. Karlsgodt Jan 2015

White Matter Development In The Early Stages Of Psychosis, B. D. Peters, K. H. Karlsgodt

Journal Articles

Schizophrenia has been conceptualized as a disorder of both neurodevelopment and a disorder of connectivity. One important aspect of the neurodevelopmental hypothesis is that schizophrenia is no longer thought to have discrete illness time points, but rather a long trajectory of brain changes, spanning many years, across a series of stages of the disease including the prodrome, first episode, and chronic period. As the disease progresses, there is a complex relationship between age related changes and disease related changes. Therefore, neural changes, and specifically white matter based connectivity changes, in schizophrenia may be best conceptualized based on a lifespan trajectory. …

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Cross-Disorder Genome-Wide Analyses Suggest A Complex Genetic Relationship Between Tourette's Syndrome And Ocd, D. Yu, C. A. Mathews, R. D. Bruun, C. Budman, N. J. Cox, D. L. Pauls, +113 Additional Authors Jan 2015

Cross-Disorder Genome-Wide Analyses Suggest A Complex Genetic Relationship Between Tourette's Syndrome And Ocd, D. Yu, C. A. Mathews, R. D. Bruun, C. Budman, N. J. Cox, D. L. Pauls, +113 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVE: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette's syndrome are highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorders that are thought to share genetic risk factors. However, the identification of definitive susceptibility genes for these etiologically complex disorders remains elusive. The authors report a combined genome-wide association study (GWAS) of Tourette's syndrome and OCD. METHOD: The authors conducted a GWAS in 2,723 cases (1,310 with OCD, 834 with Tourette's syndrome, 579 with OCD plus Tourette's syndrome/chronic tics), 5,667 ancestry-matched controls, and 290 OCD parent-child trios. GWAS summary statistics were examined for enrichment of functional variants associated with gene expression levels in brain regions. Polygenic score analyses …

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The Macrophage Inhibitor Cni-1493 Blocks Metastasis In A Mouse Model Of Ewing Sarcoma Through Inhibition Of Extravasation, A. J. Hesketh, C. Maloney, C. A. Behr, M. C. Edelman, R. D. Glick, Y. Al-Abed, M. Symons, S. Z. Soffer, B. M. Steinberg Jan 2015

The Macrophage Inhibitor Cni-1493 Blocks Metastasis In A Mouse Model Of Ewing Sarcoma Through Inhibition Of Extravasation, A. J. Hesketh, C. Maloney, C. A. Behr, M. C. Edelman, R. D. Glick, Y. Al-Abed, M. Symons, S. Z. Soffer, B. M. Steinberg

Journal Articles

Metastatic Ewing Sarcoma carries a poor prognosis, and novel therapeutics to prevent and treat metastatic disease are greatly needed. Recent evidence demonstrates that tumor-associated macrophages in Ewing Sarcoma are associated with more advanced disease. While some macrophage phenotypes (M1) exhibit anti-tumor activity, distinct phenotypes (M2) may contribute to malignant progression and metastasis. In this study, we show that M2 macrophages promote Ewing Sarcoma invasion and extravasation, pointing to a potential target of anti-metastatic therapy. CNI-1493 is a selective inhibitor of macrophage function and has shown to be safe in clinical trials as an anti-inflammatory agent. In a xenograft mouse model …

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Probable Immunoglobulin Subtype-G4-Related Disease In The Head And Neck From Foreign Body Injection: A Case Report, M. J. Highstein, J. Mallen, T. Tham, T. Brennan, A. Boubour, E. Opher, V. Wolf, P. Singh, P. Costantino Jan 2015

Probable Immunoglobulin Subtype-G4-Related Disease In The Head And Neck From Foreign Body Injection: A Case Report, M. J. Highstein, J. Mallen, T. Tham, T. Brennan, A. Boubour, E. Opher, V. Wolf, P. Singh, P. Costantino

Journal Articles

Introduction Immunoglobulin subtype G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a fibroinflammatory disease of unknown etiology, with manifestations involving nearly every organ system. Its association with foreign bodies is not established. Here, we present a novel case of IgG4-RD in response to foreign body injection. Case Description A 58-year-old woman presented with history of persistent left facial pain, xerophthalmia, blurred vision, and trismus. The patient's medical history was significant for left-sided temporomandibular joint (TMJ) reconstruction with silicone injection into the joint. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a lesion in the left skull base. Biopsies demonstrated the cardinal histopathological features of IgG4-RD. The patient was …

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Immune Dysregulation In Patients Persistently Infected With Human Papillomaviruses 6 And 11, A. V. Lucs, J. A. Devoti, L. Hatam, A. Afzal, A. L. Abramson, B. M. Steinberg, V. R. Bonagura Jan 2015

Immune Dysregulation In Patients Persistently Infected With Human Papillomaviruses 6 And 11, A. V. Lucs, J. A. Devoti, L. Hatam, A. Afzal, A. L. Abramson, B. M. Steinberg, V. R. Bonagura

Journal Articles

Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) 6 and 11 are part of a large family of small DNA viruses, some of which are commensal. Although much of the population can contain or clear infection with these viruses, there is a subset of individuals who develop persistent infection that can cause significant morbidity and on occasion mortality. Depending on the site of infection, patients chronically infected with these viruses develop either recurrent, and on occasion, severe genital warts or recurrent respiratory papillomas that can obstruct the upper airway. The HPV-induced diseases described are likely the result of a complex and localized immune suppressive milieu …

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Presurgical Ct Evaluation Of Congenital Aural Atresia, V. T. Nguyen, G. Paek, J. Hu, L. P. Smith Jan 2015

Presurgical Ct Evaluation Of Congenital Aural Atresia, V. T. Nguyen, G. Paek, J. Hu, L. P. Smith

Journal Articles

Congenital aural atresia occurs in approximately 1 in 10,000‐20,000 births and may be surgically repaired if the middle ear malformation is limited in character. External auditory canal atresia is difficult to repair surgically, with significant risks and complications. Surgical candidacy in congenital aural atresia is based on multiple factors, central to which are the anatomy of the temporal bone and audiometric findings. High-resolution multidetector CT is the imaging technique of choice for anatomy delineation, although there are some specific indications for MR imaging in presurgical assessment. Various CT grading systems have been developed to determine surgical candidacy and are described …

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N-Acetylcysteine Attenuates Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Levels In Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease Patients, S. Pathak, C. Stern, A. Vambutas Jan 2015

N-Acetylcysteine Attenuates Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Levels In Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease Patients, S. Pathak, C. Stern, A. Vambutas

Journal Articles

Autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED) is a poorly understood disease marked by bilateral, rapidly progressive hearing loss triggered by unknown stimuli, which is corticosteroid responsive in 60 % of patients. Although the mechanism of the disease is not precisely understood, a complex interaction of cytokines is believed to contribute toward the inflammatory disease process and hearing loss. Previously, we showed the role of TNF-alpha in steroid-sensitive and IL-1beta in steroid-resistant immune-mediated hearing loss. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), a broad spectrum antioxidant, has been effective in other autoimmune disorders. Other studies have shown NAC to have a protective adjunct role in human idiopathic …

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Poly(I:C) Induces Controlled Release Of Il-36gamma From Keratinocytes In The Absence Of Cell Death, A. A. Rana, A. V. Lucs, J. Devoti, L. Blanc, J. Papoin, R. Wu, C. J. Papayannakos, A. Abramson, V. R. Bonagura, B. M. Steinberg Jan 2015

Poly(I:C) Induces Controlled Release Of Il-36gamma From Keratinocytes In The Absence Of Cell Death, A. A. Rana, A. V. Lucs, J. Devoti, L. Blanc, J. Papoin, R. Wu, C. J. Papayannakos, A. Abramson, V. R. Bonagura, B. M. Steinberg

Journal Articles

The epithelium is part of an integrated immune system where cytokines, toll-like receptors and their ligands, and extracellular vesicles play a crucial role in initiating an innate immune response. IL-36gamma is a pro-inflammatory member of the IL-1 family that is mainly expressed by epithelial cells, but regulation of its expression and release are only beginning to be understood. Previous studies reported that IL-36gamma is abundant in recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, a rare but devastating disease caused by human papillomaviruses (HPV) types 6 and 11, in which papillomas recurrently grow in and block the airway. Despite the overexpression of IL-36gamma, papilloma tissues …

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Multiportal Combined Transorbital And Transnasal Endoscopic Resection Of Fibrous Dysplasia, T. Tham, P. Costantino, M. Bruni, D. Langer, J. Boockvar, P. Singh Jan 2015

Multiportal Combined Transorbital And Transnasal Endoscopic Resection Of Fibrous Dysplasia, T. Tham, P. Costantino, M. Bruni, D. Langer, J. Boockvar, P. Singh

Journal Articles

Introduction Historically, access to the anterior skull base was achieved with open procedures. The paradigms to this approach were challenged with the advent of minimally disruptive endoscopic surgical techniques and supporting technology. The next step in the evolution of minimally disruptive surgery was the combination of multiportal endoscopic surgery. Results The patient was an 18-year-old man who presented with right-sided proptosis. Further diagnostic tests revealed a fibrous dysplasia (FD) occupying the skull base and orbit. The lesion was successfully resected. Conclusions The location of the tumor in this case was challenging, in which surgeons at some centers would have opted …

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Giant Cell Tumor Of The Larynx Treated By Surgery And Adjuvant Denosumab: Case Report And Review Of The Literature, A. E. Yancoskie, D. K. Frank, J. E. Fantasia, S. Savona, N. Eiseler, I. Reder, L. B. Kahn Jan 2015

Giant Cell Tumor Of The Larynx Treated By Surgery And Adjuvant Denosumab: Case Report And Review Of The Literature, A. E. Yancoskie, D. K. Frank, J. E. Fantasia, S. Savona, N. Eiseler, I. Reder, L. B. Kahn

Journal Articles

Giant cell tumor of the larynx (GCTL) is a rare entity; only 34 cases have been reported in the literature. We report a case of GCTL in a 46 year-old male presenting clinical, radiographic, histological and therapeutic features. Previously reported cases are also reviewed.

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Risk Factors In The Development Of Oral Bisphosphonate Induced Osteonecrosis, S. Reiss, D. Sultan Jan 2015

Risk Factors In The Development Of Oral Bisphosphonate Induced Osteonecrosis, S. Reiss, D. Sultan

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No abstract provided.

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Assessment Of Reproducibility Of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time Of Flight Mass Spectrometry For Bacterial And Yeast Identification, L. F. Westblade, O. B. Garner, D. H. Pincus, A. B. Mochon, R. Jennemann, R. Manji, M. Bythrow, M. A. Lewinski, C. A. D. Burnham, C. C. Ginocchio, +2 Additional Authors Jan 2015

Assessment Of Reproducibility Of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time Of Flight Mass Spectrometry For Bacterial And Yeast Identification, L. F. Westblade, O. B. Garner, D. H. Pincus, A. B. Mochon, R. Jennemann, R. Manji, M. Bythrow, M. A. Lewinski, C. A. D. Burnham, C. C. Ginocchio, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) has revolutionized the identification of clinical bacterial and yeast isolates. However, data describing the reproducibility of MALDI-TOF MS for microbial identification are scarce. In this study, we show that MALDI-TOF MS-based microbial identification is highly reproducible and can tolerate numerous variables, including differences in testing environments, instruments, operators, reagent lots, and sample positioning patterns. Finally, we reveal that samples of bacterial and yeast isolates prepared for MALDI-TOF MS identification can be repeatedly analyzed without compromising organism identification.

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Beta-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Producing Osteosarcoma Of The Sacrum In A 26-Year-Old Woman: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature, R. Glass, J. R. Asirvatham, L. Kahn, M. Aziz Jan 2015

Beta-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Producing Osteosarcoma Of The Sacrum In A 26-Year-Old Woman: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature, R. Glass, J. R. Asirvatham, L. Kahn, M. Aziz

Journal Articles

Ectopic secretion of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin is considered a poor prognostic marker in epithelial tumors. However, very few cases have been reported in sarcomas. We present the case of a 26-year-old female who presented with a metastatic osteosarcoma. She underwent usual testing prior to starting treatment and was found to have elevated levels of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin. As the patient was not pregnant, another source of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin secretion had to be considered. The tumor cells demonstrated positive staining for beta-human chorionic gonadotropin by immunohistochemistry, and serum levels of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin were used to monitor tumor progression and …

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Comparison Of Multiparametric Mri Scoring Systems And The Impact On Cancer Detection In Patients Undergoing Mr Us Fusion Guided Prostate Biopsies, A. R. Rastinehad, N. Waingankar, B. Turkbey, O. Yaskiv, A. M. Sonstegard, M. Fakhoury, C. A. Olsson, D. N. Siegel, P. L. Choyke, E. Ben-Levi, R. Villani Jan 2015

Comparison Of Multiparametric Mri Scoring Systems And The Impact On Cancer Detection In Patients Undergoing Mr Us Fusion Guided Prostate Biopsies, A. R. Rastinehad, N. Waingankar, B. Turkbey, O. Yaskiv, A. M. Sonstegard, M. Fakhoury, C. A. Olsson, D. N. Siegel, P. L. Choyke, E. Ben-Levi, R. Villani

Journal Articles

INTRODUCTION: Multiple scoring systems have been proposed for prostate MRI reporting. We sought to review the clinical impact of the new Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System v2 (PI-RADS) and compare those results to our proposed Simplified Qualitative System (SQS) score with respect to detection of prostate cancers and clinically significant prostate cancers. METHODS: All patients who underwent multiparametric prostate MRI (mpMRI) had their images interpreted using PI-RADS v1 and SQS score. PI-RADS v2 was calculated from prospectively collected data points. Patients with positive mpMRIs were then referred by their urologists for enrollment in an IRB-approved prospective phase III trial …

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