Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Public Health At Risk: The Conscious Choice To Refuse Vaccinations Threatens Public Health

DePaul Magazine

Public health officials declared that measles had been eliminated from the United States after only 15 measles cases were reported between 1998 and 2001 and 90 percent of schoolchildren had been inoculated against the disease. Yet, in 2014, there were more than 660 documented measles cases in the country, the most in 20 years. This uptick started in the late 1990s, when a growing number of parents began refusing to inoculate their children with some or all of the recommended vaccines. Various factors fed their decision: an increase in the number of vaccines given in the first year of life, …

Incidence, Remission And Mortality Of Convulsive Epilepsy In Rural Northeast South Africa, Ryan G. Wagner, Christian Bottomley, Anthony Ngugi, Fredrick Ibinda, F. Xavier Gómez-Olivé, Kathleen Kahn, Stephen Tollman, Charles R. Newton

Family Medicine, East Africa

Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological conditions globally, estimated to constitute 0.75% of the global burden of disease, with the majority of this burden found in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs). Few studies from LMICs, including much of sub-Saharan Africa, have described the incidence, remission or mortality rates due to epilepsy, which are needed to quantify the burden and inform policy. This study investigates the epidemiological parameters of convulsive epilepsy within a context of high HIV prevalence and an emerging burden of cardiovascular disease.

Methods: A cross-sectional population survey of 82,818 individuals, in the Agincourt Health …

Barriers To Implementation Of A Health, Hygiene, & Sanitation Program: Chennai, India, Kelsey A. Steffen

Master's Theses

In India poor sanitation accounts for 1,600 daily deaths of children under the age of five (Dasra, 2012). The societal and environmental conditions in India and many other developing countries have continuously stood as barriers to facilitating changes in sanitation behavior. Efforts made to improve hygiene have continuously faced opposing forces including major gaps between the supply and demand of sanitation. This paper will focus on one pilot program conducted in Chennai, India over the summer of 2014. This program was designed to teach school children safe sanitation and hygienic habits by providing a guiding tool to teachers. The study …

Four Lessons Learned From Treatingcatholic Priest Sex Offenders, Thomas G. Plante

Psychology

Perhaps there is no one in our society more despised and vilified than sex offenders, especially those who sexually violate young children. And during the past decade perhaps no particular subgroup of sex offender has been more despised than those who are Roman Catholic priests. We need to be attentive to the state-of-the-art facts, best practices, and create policies and procedures to keep those who might harm children away from children. To do otherwise is foolish and harmful. Yet strong opinions, advocacy, and hysteria sometimes gets more attention than actual evidence-based quality research and practice which is not ultimately in …

The Effect Of Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment On Length Of Stay In Posterolateral Postthoracotomy Patients: A Retrospective Case Note Study, Regina K. Fleming, Karen T. Snyder, Kent J. Blanke, Jane C. Johnson

PCOM Scholarly Works

Objective

This study retrospectively evaluated the effect of OMT on length of stay (LOS) in hospitalized posterolateral postthoracotomy patients.

Methods

Inpatient medical records of patients who received posterolateral thoracotomies with lung resection between 1998 and 2011 were reviewed for demographic data, LOS, thoracotomy surgery data, consultation data excluding osteopathic manipulative medicine, discharge data, and osteopathic manipulative medicine consultation data.

Results

Thirty-eight patients received posterolateral thoracotomies with lung resection; 23 patients received OMT and 15 did not. The mean (standard deviation) LOS was 11.0 (6.8) days (range, 5–29 days) for those who received OMT and 10.4 (5.5) days (range, 3–22 days) …

Funding And Other Resources For Beginning Researchers, Jane Z. Dumsha, David Yens, Grace Brannan

PCOM Scholarly Works

Despite the fact that osteopathic research is essential for the continued advancement of our profession, such research is lacking. One barrier is the attainment of funding resources to launch and continue quality research studies. In the present article, the authors outline resources for the early stages of research and provide guidance for grant proposal preparation, if it is determined that external funding is needed. Free and low-cost resources for obtaining preliminary data and sources of external funds are described. An overview of grant writing and information on where to obtain training is presented. Information on proposal writing basics, tips to …

Commencement Program 2015, Loma Linda University

Commencement Programs

CONTENTS

1 | Message from the President

3 | 2015 Events of Commencement

5 | The Academic Procession

7 | Significance of Academic Regalia

9 | The Good Samaritan

10 | University History Highlights

12 | Loma Linda University Song - "Healing Love"

13 | The Speakers

23 | The University Honorees

45 | The School Honorees

72 | The Programs

• School of Medicine, 73
• School of Pharmacy, 95
• School of Dentistry, 103
• School of Allied Health Professions, 122
• School of Allied Health Professions - Physical Therapy, 143
• School of Public Health, 154
• School of Behavioral Health and School of …

Examining The Relationship Between Anemia, Cognitive Function, And Socioeconomic Status In School-Aged Ecuadorian Children, Angela Chamberlain

Theses and Dissertations

Background and Objectives: It is estimated that over 40% of children in Ecuador are anemic. Anemia in children can influence physical and cognitive development and have lasting effects on adulthood productivity and quality of life. The objectives of this study were to: (1) evaluate the relationship of anemia and cognitive function, and (2) determine the influence of demographic factors on cognitive function. Population and Setting: The sample consisted of 175 school-aged children between 5 to 11 years old attending a school in a poverty stricken area of Guayaquil, Ecuador. Methods: A descriptive correlational cross sectional design was used to study …

Accelerating The Dual Elimination Of Mother‐To‐Child Transmission Of Syphilis And Hiv: Why Now?, James Kiarie, Chandra K. Mishra, Marleen Temmerman, Lori Newman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Even though the elimination of congenital syphilis has been on the maternal and child health (MCH) agenda for over a decade, elimination has not yet been achieved; what, then, are the factors currently facilitating the elimination of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of syphilis?

Milking The Information: Resources On Herbal Lactation Aids, Erica Rosalle

PCOM Scholarly Works

This article provides information for the layperson on herbs commonly used as galactagogues (lactation aids), their effectiveness, and risks according to existing scientific literature. In addition, resources for further research on herbal lactation aids are listed.

Oncolog, Volume 60, Number 06, June 2015, Bryan Tutt, Joe Munch, U. Arizor

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• New Breast Imaging Modalities Show promise for Cancer Screening and Staging: New technology to supplement digital mammography may improve breast cancer screening and diagnosis. Although some of these new imaging modalities are still under development, others are already in clinical use as adjuncts to mammography for breast cancer screening and staging.
• Addressing Sexual Dysfunction in Cancer Survivors: Cancer treatments carry a host of side effects that can affect patients' ability to have and enjoy sex. The sexual dysfunction arising from these side effects, which include functional changes, can often be addressed, but uncovering sexual dysfunction can prove challenging.
• HOUSE CALL: …

Effect Of Pcso-524 On Oa Biomarkers And Weight-Bearing Properties In Canine Shoulder And Coxofemeral Osteoarthritis, Kumpanart Soontornvipart, Natwadee Mongkhon, Korakot Nganvongpanit, Prachya Kongtawelert

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study was designed to compare the therapeutic benefits of a compound of omega-3 fatty acids from the New Zealand green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) (PCSO-524) and omega-3 fatty acids in fish oil on clinical outcomes and osteoarthritis biomarkers (chondroitin sulfate WF6 epitope) in 66 dogs that had osteoarthritis (OA); 39 dogs with OA hip joints, 15 dogs with OA shoulder joints and 12 dogs with OA shoulder and hip joints. The animals were presented at the Small Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University. The dogs were allocated into two groups randomly. One group received PCSO-524 (n = 33) …

Morphologic Custom Shade Guide Fabricated With Feldspathic Ceramic, Seok-Hwan Cho, William W. Nagy

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Desmoplastic Fibroma Of The Mandible: A Series Of Three Cases And Review Of Literature, T. R. Woods, D. M. Cohen, M. N. Islam, Yeshwant B. Rawal, I. Bhattacharyya

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The desmoplastic fibroma (DF) is a rare, fibroblastic lesion of bone that histologically resembles the desmoid tumor of soft tissue. Although classified as benign, it frequently demonstrates aggressive behavior, often causing tooth mobility, extensive bone destruction, and has a moderate to high recurrence rate. We present three cases of DF in the mandible: the first in a 13 year old female involving the mandibular body in the region of teeth #s 27–#28, the second in a 57 year old female with a lesion apical to tooth #30, and the third in a 20-year-old female involving the left posterior mandible. Clinical, …

Use Of Essential Oils For Manipulation Of Rumen Microbial Fermentation Using Batch Culture, Atitthan Nanon, Wisitiporn Suksombat, Zhu Yang Wen

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of various levels of essential oils on feed digestibility, gas production and rumen fermentation. Two batch cultures were designed for screening various doses of each essential oil (EO). Treatments were control (CON), cinnamon oil (CIN), clove oil (CLO), garlic oil (GAR), ginger oil (GIN), and lemongrass oil (LEM). Dosages were 0, 200, 400, 800, and 1600 mg/kg DM in experiment I (1st batch) and 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg DM in experiment II (2nd batch). Digestibility of DM (DMD), neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber was measured at …

Genetic Correlations Among Average Daily Gain, Backfat Thickness And Sow Longevity In Landrace And Yorkshire Sows, Nuttha Wongsakajornkit, Nalinee Imboonta

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The present study aimed to estimate heritabilities as well as genetic correlations of sow longevity with average daily gain and backfat thickness. Removed sows included in the current study were 1,706 Landrace sows and 1,159 Yorkshire sows. They were raised in a Thai swine breeding herd and removed in the 2008-2013 period. Sow longevity was defined as the number of days from first farrowing date to removal date. Genetic parameters were estimated by using the Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) method with a multiple-trait animal model. On average, the sow longevity, average daily gain and backfat thickness were 633 days, 863 …

Electrolyte And Ascorbic Acid Supplementation For Heat Exposed Broilers In Thailand, Chackrit Nuengjamnong, Kris Angkanaporn

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of ascorbic acid and mixed electrolytes on growth performance, ammonia emission and serum antioxidant enzyme activity in broilers during summer period. Two hundred and ten male and female Arbor Acre broilers during grower-finisher period (22-42 days old) were allocated into 3 groups with different additives in drinking water: 1,000 ppm ascorbic acid (T1); 2,000 ppm mixed electrolytes containing only Na+, K+ and HCO3- (T2) and none (T3 serving as control group). The experiment was conducted in an open broiler house during the summer period between April and May. Results indicated …

Double Dengue Serotypes In Asymptomatic Populations Living In An Area Of Thailand Endemic For Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, Veerayuth Kittichai, Methee Sriprapun, Papawin Konklong, Nithita Thonsangin, Jakkrawarn Chompoosri, Apiwat Tawatsin, Usavadee Thavara, Padet Siriyasatien

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Dengue virus infection remains a major health problem worldwide. Understanding dengue infection and characterizing circulating viruses are essential for disease prevention and control as well as vaccine development. In this study, we aimed to identify dengue virus in healthy people living in an area endemic for dengue disease. Blood samples were collected from 52 healthy local subjects living in a dengue-endemic area of Thailand. Viral RNA was detected using a nested reverse transcription polymerase chain (RT-PCR) that amplified the E gene. Phylogenetic trees were constructed by the neighbor-joining method using MEGA6.06. Dengue virus was detected in 5 of 52 samples …

Protection Against Mycoplasma Gallisepticum In Layers Immunized With Recombinant Fowl Poxvirus Vaccine Followed By Live F Strain Vaccine, Somsak Pakpinyo, Arithat Limsatanun, Kreangkrai Sangthongdang, Marcelo Paniago, Roberto Soares

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Generally, one administration of either a recombinant fowl poxvirus-Mycoplasma gallisepticum (rFPV-MG) or a live F strain (FMG) vaccine is recommended in layer flocks. This study aimed to assess MG protection when the rFPV-MG and FMG vaccines were given to layers as opposed to a single vaccination with FMG vaccine. One hundred 8-week-old layer chickens were divided into 4 groups as follows: group 1 received FMG at 11 weeks of age, group 2 received rFPV-MG at 8 weeks of age and FMG at 11 weeks of age, groups 3 and 4 served as positive and negative controls, respectively. At 14 weeks …

Inhibitory Effects Of Aluminosilicates On Lead Acetate Toxicity In Selected Organs Of Broilers, Dejan Prvulović, Danijela Kojić, Milan Popović, Gordana Grubor-Lajšić

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of dietary supplements of lead acetate and aluminosilicates on oxidative status in brain, kidney and duodenum of broiler chickens. In this regard, activity of antioxidative enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPx), pyrogallol peroxidase (PPx) and lipid peroxidation was determined in examined organs. The experiment was performed with eighty-four broiler chickens of both sexes randomly allotted to four diets including the control group, the Pb group containing 500 mg lead acetate/kg diet, the ATN (Antitoxic nutrient) group with 5 g mixture of aluminosilicates (zeolite and montmorillonite)/kg …

Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Saikaew Sutayatram

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Histopathological And Immunohistochemical Characterization Of Spontaneous Uterine Leiomyomas In Two Captive Asian Elephants, Kidsadagon Pringproa, Hiroo Madarame, Jiraporn Sritun, Pitikarn Bumpenpol, Paninee Pedsri, Chalermchart Somgird, Chatchote Thitaram

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Two captive female Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in Thailand were euthanatized after prolonged recumbency, weakness, and unresponsive treatment. Necropsy revealed multinodular masses of 5-10 cm in diameter which were irregular, large, white and firm in consistency scattered throughout the uterine horns and uteri of both the elephants. Histologically, the tumors displayed mildly pleomorphic, spindle-shaped cells arranged in interlacing pattern interpreted as muscle bundles. The bundles of the muscle cells were interspersed by small amounts of collagen fibers and blood vessels. For immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells showed diffuse positivity for vimentin, desmin, and smooth muscle actin. Based on the pathological results, …

Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

What Is Your Diagnosis?, Nan Choisunirachon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Escherichia Coli Isolated From Infected Canines, Parama Hanhaboon, Thachawet Kimprasit, Worrawit Wajjwalku, Patamabhorn Amavisit

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Escherichia coli strains from dogs with different clinical signs were studied for their antimicrobial sensitivity profiles, extended spectrum beta-lactamase enzymes, and virulent genes. The 364 E. coli isolates originated from the skin (32.48%), urinary tract (31.32%), gastrointestinal tract (16.21%), reproductive system (7.69%), ear (6.05%), respiratory tract (4.94%), and other specimens (1.37%). Using the disk diffusion method, the E. coli were resistant to amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, azithromycin, cephalexin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin, gentamicin, and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim at the rates of 84, 36, 41, 57, 38, 66, 73, 70, 64, 47, and 64%, respectively. Ninety-seven E. coli that were resistant to two …

Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns And Flaa Genotypes Of Campylobacter Jejuni Isolated From Contracted Broiler Farms In Eastern Thailand, Petcharatt Charununtakorn, Sakaoporn Prachantasena, Taradon Luangtongkum

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The increasing incidence of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter has become a major public health concern. Since little is known about antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter isolated from contracted broiler farms, the major type of farm that produces chicken meat for domestic consumption in Thailand, the objective of the present study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns and genotypes of Campylobacter isolated from contracted broiler farms where antibiotics were routinely used in their production. Sixty-nine Campylobacter jejuni isolates from cloacal swabs of chickens reared in 2 small contracted broiler farms in eastern Thailand were tested for their susceptibility to 5 antimicrobial agents by …

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Cryopreservation Effect On Expression Of Sex Steroid Receptors Of Boar Spermatozoa, Sukanya Manee-In, Panida Chanapiwat, Nawarus Prapaiwan, Kampon Kaeoket, Sayamon Srisuwatanasagul, Atthaporn Roongsitthichai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study aimed to investigate the expressions of estrogen receptor (ER) alpha, ER beta, and progesterone receptor (PR) during semen cryopreservation, to evaluate the correlation among ERa, ERβ, PR, capacitation, acrosome reaction, and semen quality parameters, and to investigate the effect of different concentrations of L-cysteine on the expressions of ERa, ERβ, and PR. Semen samples were collected from 12 boars [Duroc (n = 4), Landrace (n=4), and Large white (n=4)]. The controlled rate-freezing method was used to cryopreserve the semen samples. The samples were collected at different times: fresh semen, after adding ModenaTM, after adding extender II (TE2), after …

Efficacy Of Salinomycin, Robenidine And Decoquinate Against Infection With Eimeria Species Field Isolate In A Densely Populated Broiler Farm In Thailand, Morakot Kaewthamasorn, Nataya Charoenvisal, Niwat Chansiripornchai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Avian coccidiosis is caused by intracellular protozoan parasites in the genus Eimeria. It has a significant economic impact on the poultry industry and is highly prevalent in chicken producing countries worldwide. Current control measurements including good animal husbandry, chemoprophylaxis, and vaccination cannot effectively control the disease. It is well understood that parasites repeatedly exposed to the same anticoccidial drug is a major cause of resistance. Therefore, it is critical to monitor parasite response to anticoccidial drugs in different field settings. The aim of this experiment was to investigate responses of a local field isolate of Eimeria species to commonly used …

Effects Of Vitamin D3 And Calcium On Productive Performance, Egg Quality And Vitamin D3 Content In Egg Of Second Production Cycle Hens, Hatairat Plaimast, Suwanna Kijparkorn, Punyaphat Ittitanawong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementary vitamin D3 on productive performance, internal egg quality, eggshell quality, apparent calcium digestibility and vitamin D3 content in egg of second production cycle hens fed on different levels of calcium. A total of 140 second cycle brown-egg laying hens, aged 98 weeks, were randomly divided into 5 treatments with 4 replicates. The treatments consisted of diets containing 3.5%Ca and 2,000 IU of vitamin D3/kg of feed (control), 3.5%Ca and 6,000 IU of vitamin D3/kg of feed (treatment 2), 3.75%Ca and 2,000 IU of vitamin D3/kg of feed (treatment 3), 3.75%Ca …