Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Leadership And Mentorship: Service Leaders As Mentors Of The Followers, Daniel T. L. Shek, Li Lin

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

According to the Hong Kong Institute of Service Leadership and Management, an effective service leader serves as a mentor for his/her followers. Aside from promoting their followers’ professional and personal growth, mentoring also contributes to the development of the service leaders themselves. In this paper, a lecture addressing the concept and functions of mentoring is outlined, along with its relationship with service leadership. The professional and psychosocial functions of mentoring to service leaders and followers and various ways to promote mentoring in service leadership are highlighted. Students are also encouraged to reflect on the potential harmful effects of mentoring on …

Focus Group Evaluation Of A Service Leadership Subject In Hong Kong, Daniel T. L. Shek, Moon Y. M. Law, Ting Ting Liu

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Two focus groups with six randomly selected students were conducted to understand the views and experiences of students taking a subject entitled “Service Leadership” at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Several observations were highlighted from the findings. First, students generally had positive views of the subject. Second, students felt that they had positive experience in the subject. Third, the instructors were seen in a positive light by the students. Fourth, the students perceived the subject to be beneficial to their development. Fifth, students had positive impression about the subject. Finally, recommendations regarding time allocation, teaching style, and classroom environment were …

The Role Of A Caring Disposition In Service Leadership, Daniel T. L. Shek, Xiang Li

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

A caring disposition is an important and fundamental attribute of a service leader. At the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, a lecture on a caring disposition in the subject “Service Leadership” was designed to help students understand the importance of caring dispositions. The curriculum design with reference to the basic concepts and theories as well as the content of the lecture are presented in this paper. In the first part of the paper, several uncaring cases are presented to serve as negative examples to inspire students’ reflection on caring leaders. Then, the three most important traits of a caring disposition, including …

Character Strengths In Chinese Philosophies: Relevance To Service Leadership, Daniel T. L. Shek, Rachel C. F. Sun, Ting Ting Liu

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

According to the Hong Kong Institute of Service Leadership and Management, moral character or character strength is an important attribute of an effective service leader. In connection to this, “Character Strengths in Chinese Philosophies” is one of the lecture topics taught in a course titled “Service Leadership” in a university in Hong Kong. Several topics are covered in that lecture. First, the relevance of Chinese philosophies to service leadership is discussed. Second, the core virtues in Confucian thoughts are presented. Third, the relevance of Confucian virtues to service leadership is examined. Finally, conclusions and reflections on the relevance of Confucian …

Character Strengths And Service Leadership, Daniel T. L. Shek, Lu Yu

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Character strengths refer to the moral aspects of personality that have multiple dimensions. As a basic requirement of a service leader, character strengths provide the most inherent power for fulfilling different tasks and pursuing continuous development. In this paper, a lecture that aims to foster character strengths in undergraduate students is introduced. The theoretical foundation of the lecture on character strengths is first presented, including the concepts and theories related to character strengths, their relevance to service leadership and methods to promote the development of character strengths. The basic content and activities designed for this particular lecture are then outlined …

Subjective Outcome Evaluation Of A University Subject On Service Leadership, Daniel T. L. Shek, Jianqiang Liang

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

University students (n=58) responded to a 45-item subjective outcome evaluation scale after taking a credit-bearing elective subject titled “Service Leadership” at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University in the first semester of the 2013–14 academic year. Results showed that the students generally displayed positive perceptions of the program content and the instructors, and most of them perceived the subject to be beneficial to different aspects of their development. As predicted, three subscales of the scale (Program Content, Program Implementer, and Program Benefits) were significantly correlated. Similar to the previous studies, perceived quality of the program but not quality of instructors and …

Does Tranexamic Acid Reduce Blood Transfusion Following Surgery For Inter-Trochanteric Fracture? A Randomized Control Trial, Yasir Mohib, Rizwan Haroon Rashid, Moiz Ali, Akbar Jaleel Zubairi, Masood Umer

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To compare the frequency of blood transfusion after surgery for fixation of inter-trochanteric fractures in patients given tranexamic acid versus placebo.

METHODS:

The randomised control trial was conducted at the Aga khan university hospital from May 1 to October 31, 2014, and comprised patients diagnosed with Inter-trochanteric fracture based on X-ray imaging. The patients were randomised into two equal groups based on a computer-generated random number table. The Intervention group received two doses of 10mg/kg body weight of tranexamic acid just before surgery and three hours later intravenously. The Control group received two doses of 10mg/kg body weight …

Pycnodysostosis With Special Emphasis On Dentofacial Characteristics, Aisha Khoja, Mubassar Fida, Attiya Shaikh

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

Pycnodysostosis is an autosomal recessive disorder that manifests as osteosclerosis of the skeleton due to the defective osteoclasts mediated bone turnover. The diagnosis of this disorder is established on the basis of its characteristic features and must be differentially diagnosed with other bone disorders. Dental surgeons should be aware of the limitations and possible adverse oral complications such as osteomyelitis of bone in these patients. This will guide them in planning realistic treatment goals. This paper reports the clinical and radiographic features of pycnodysostosis with the great emphasis on its dentofacial characteristics. The aim of this case report is …

Blood Types Of Minorities In Bangkok: A Study In Thai Sikhs And The Burmese Blood Donors, Kallaya Kerdkaewngam, Issarang Nuchprayoon, Phuraya Ovataga, Dussadee Pooreekul, Nootchanat Premprayoon, Udom Tingtoy

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Blood types are unique to each ethnic groups. In Thailand, Sikhsare one of established ethnic minorities. They are known to havecertain rare blood types which have not been systematicallystudied. Therefore, we studied nine blood group systems ofthe Sikh and Burmese blood donors in Bangkok, Thailand.Objectives : To assess the proportion of alleles of nine blood group antigensamong Thai Sikhs and Burmese blood donors.Materials and Methods : A total of 122 samples of Thai Sikhs blood donors at Sri GuruSingh Association Mobile Unit and 189 samples of the Burmeseand Mons blood donors at Jia Hong Garment Factory Mobile Unitwere …

Pharmacokinetic, Safety And Tolerability Studies After Single And Multiple Oral Administration Of Phenethyl Isothiocyanate In Nutri Jelly, Narueporn Sutthisawad, Dunyaporn Trachootham, Aroonwan Lam-Ubol, Thitima Wattanavijitkul

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) is a dietary phytochemical with anticancerproperties. Recently, it was added to Nutri Jelly, a nutritious geldeveloped for cancer patients with eating and swallowing problems.Objectives : To evaluate pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of isothiocyanatesafter single- and multiple-oral administrations of 40 mg of PEITC in NutriJelly in healthy volunteers.Methods : This was an open-label, single- and multiple-dose study. Ten subjectsreceived a single dose of 40 mg of PEITC in Nutri Jelly and continued withthis dose once daily for 5 days. Serial plasma samples at various timesafter the administration on day 1 and 5 were collected to determine …

Prevalence Of Potassium, Phosphate And Acid-Base Abnormalities Among Ckd Patients In Central Northeast Of Thailand, Kamonwan Tangvoraphonkchai

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemiaand metabolic acidosis arecommon complications among chronic kidney disease (CKD)patients. However, there were several reports of hypokalemia inpopulation resides in the northeast of Thailand. The prevalence ofelectrolyte imbalance in CKD patients in this region was still unknown.Objective : To study the prevalence of potassium, phosphate and acid-baseimbalance in CKD patients in the central northeast of Thailand.Design : Cross-sectional descriptive studySetting : Roi-et, Mahasarakham, Khonkaen and Kalasin Provincial publichealth offices.Material and Method : We used specific My SQL query command for retrieving laboratorydata between Jan 1st - Dec 31st, 2014 from the databases of fourprovincial public health offices …

Skin-Only Closure For Surgical Closure Of The Difficult Abdomen With Massive Visceral Edema :A Case Report, Wisuttiluk Satawathananont

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

A 51-year-old woman presented with anemia and cholangitis. Abdominal computedtomography scan was done; the result revealed a periampullary mass and distal obstructionof the common bile duct. Exploratory laparotomy was performed and an unresectableperiampullary tumor that invaded the branches of the mesenteric vein was found. Accidentally,intra–abdominal bleeding from the branches of the mesenteric vein occurred during theoperation; the bleeding was stopped by suturing. The patient received a large amount offluids resuscitation and bowel edema also developed so much that the fascia could not beclosed. The skin-only closure was performed as an alternative method of abdominal wallclosure. Postoperatively, the patient did not …

การสั่งหยุดยา Psychostimulantsในวันหยุดในการรักษาผู้ป่วยเด็กโรคสมาธิสั้นของกุมารแพทย์ และแพทย์ประจำบ้านต่อยอดสาขาพัฒนาการและพฤติกรรมเด็กในประเทศไทย, ศศิธร ปรีชาวุฒิเดช, วัลย์ฐิภา วิทยาศัย

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

เหตุผลของการทำวิจัย : โรคสมาธิสั้นเป็นโรคจิตเวชเด็กที่พบได้บ่อย ปัจจุบันมีการใช้ยาpsychostimulantsในการรักษามากขึ้น และมีการหยุดยาในช่วงวันหยุด (drug holidays) เพื่อประโยชน์ต่าง ๆ เช่น ลดผลข้างเคียงจากยา เป็นต้น แต่ปัจจุบันประเทศไทยยังไม่มีข้อมูลชัดเจนเกี่ยวกับการสั่งหยุดยาดังกล่าวในช่วงวันหยุดวัตถุประสงค์ : เพื่อศึกษาพฤติกรรมและปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการตัดสินใจสั่งหยุดยาpsychostimulants ในช่วงวันหยุด รวมถึงเจตคติของแพทย์ต่อการใช้ยาดังกล่าวในการรักษาผู้ป่วยเด็กโรคสมาธิสั้นรูปแบบการวิจัย : การศึกษาวิจัยเชิงพรรณนา ณ จุดเวลาใดเวลาหนึ่งตัวอย่างและวิธีการศึกษา : ผู้วิจัยพัฒนาแบบสอบถาม เกี่ยวกับปัจจัยต่าง ๆ ที่เกี่ยวข้องกับการปฏิบัติหยุดยาในช่วงวันหยุด โดยส่งแบบสอบถามทาง e-mailและไปรษณีย์ไปยังกลุ่มเป้าหมายทุกคนรวม 106 คน ประกอบด้วยกุมารแพทย์สาขาพัฒนาการและพฤติกรรมเด็ก 91 คน และแพทย์ประจำบ้านต่อยอดพัฒนาการและพฤติกรรมเด็ก 15 คน ตั้งแต่1 ธันวาคม 2557 จนถึง 30 พฤศจิกายน 2558 ได้รับการตอบกลับแบบสอบถามรวม 76 คน (ร้อยละ 71.7) ทำการรวบรวมข้อมูลและวิเคราะห์ผลทางสถิติผลการศึกษา : ส่วนใหญ่แพทย์พิจารณาหยุดยาในช่วงวันหยุดเป็นราย ๆ แล้วแต่กรณีจำนวน 54 คน (ร้อยละ 71.1), ให้กินยาต่อเนื่องทุกวัน 20 คน(ร้อยละ 26.3) แนะนำให้หยุดยาในวันหยุด 2 คน (ร้อยละ 2.6), โดยปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการตัดสินใจหยุดยา 5 อันดับแรกได้แก่ความรุนแรงของอาการโรคสมาธิสั้น, ปัญหาสัมพันธภาพระหว่างผู้ป่วยกับสมาชิกครอบครัวจากอาการโรคสมาธิสั้น,การมี oppositional defiant disorder,conduct disorder เป็นโรคร่วม, ความร่วมมือของผู้ปกครองในการปรับพฤติกรรมร่วมในการรักษา เจตคติต่อการใช้ยาค่อนข้างเป็นไปในทางบวก ซึ่งผลการศึกษาบางส่วนมีความแตกต่างจากจิตแพทย์เด็กและวัยรุ่นสรุป : กุมารแพทย์พัฒนาการและพฤติกรรมเด็กส่วนใหญ่พิจารณาหยุดยาpsychostimulants เป็นราย ๆ แล้วแต่กรณีในการรักษาผู้ป่วยเด็กโรคสมาธิสั้น อย่างไรก็ตามยังมีความคิดเห็นหลากหลายเกี่ยวกับปัจจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องต่อการสั่งหยุดยา ควรมีการวิจัยเพิ่มเติมเพื่อหาข้อมูลสรุปผล พัฒนาเป็นแนวทางปฏิบัติที่ชัดเจนต่อไป.

ความชุกและปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับภาวะวิตกกังวลและภาวะซึมเศร้าในผู้ป่วยมะเร็งลำไส้ใหญ่และทวารหนักที่มีทวารเทียมทางหน้าท้อง ณ. โรงพยาบาลจุฬาลงกรณ์, วิลาสินี พิพัฒน์ผล, โสฬพัทธ์ เหมรัญช์โรจน์

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

เหตุผลของการวิจัย : ปัญหาทางสุขภาพจิต เป็นปัญหาที่พบบ่อยในผู้ป่วยที่มีโรคทางกายรุนแรง แต่ยังมีการศึกษาความชุกและปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับภาวะวิตกกังวลและภาวะซึมเศร้าในผู้ป่วยมะเร็งลำไส้ใหญ่และทวารหนักภายหลังผ่าตัดเปิดทวารเทียมทางหน้าท้องในประชากรไทยน้อยวัตถุประสงค์ : เพื่อศึกษาความชุกและปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับภาวะวิตกกังวลและภาวะซึมเศร้าในผู้ป่วยมะเร็งลำไส้ใหญ่และทวารหนักที่มีทวารเทียมทางหน้าท้อง ณ.โรงพยาบาลจุฬาลงกรณ์รูปแบบการวิจัย : การศึกษาวิจัยเชิงพรรณนา ณ จุดเวลาใดเวลาหนึ่งสถานที่ทำการศึกษา แผนกผู้ป่วยนอกศัลยกรรมลำไส้ใหญ่และทวารหนัก โรงพยาบาลจุฬาลงกรณ์ สภากาชาดไทยตัวอย่างและวิธีการศึกษา : เก็บรวบรวมข้อมูลจากผู้ป่วยมะเร็งลำไส้ใหญ่และทวารหนัก ที่ได้รับการผ่าตัดเปิดทวารเทียมทางหน้าท้อง จำนวน 80 ราย ตั้งแต่เดือนพฤษภาคม จนถึงเดือนตุลาคม พ.ศ. 2557 โดยให้ผู้ป่วยตอบแบบสอบถามทั้งหมด 4 ส่วนด้วยตนเอง ได้แก่ 1) ข้อมูลทั่วไปและข้อมูลด้านการรักษา 2) แบบสอบถามความรู้สึกมีคุณค่าในตนเอง3) แบบสอบถามการสนับสนุนทางสังคม (The Personal ResourceQuestionnaire, PRQ 85 Part II) 4) แบบวัดภาวะวิตกกังวลและภาวะซึมเศร้า Thai Hospital anxiety and depression scale (Thai-HADS) การวิเคราะห์ ข้อมูลโดยใช้สถิติ Chi-Square test สหสัมพันธ์ของเพียรสัน (Pearson Correlation) และ Multivariate LogisticRegression analysis.ผลการศึกษา : พบว่ามีความชุกของภาวะวิตกกังวล ร้อยละ 35 และความชุกของภาวะซึมเศร้าร้อยละ 10 ปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับภาวะวิตกกังวลอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (p <0.05) ได้แก่ อายุ ระยะเวลาในการเจ็บป่วยระยะเวลาที่มีทวารเทียม ภาวะแทรกซ้อนที่ผู้ป่วยหรือกลุ่มตัวอย่างให้ความสำคัญในเรื่องการเข้าสังคม ความรู้สึกมีคุณค่าในตนเองและการสนับสนุนทางสังคม และปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับภาวะซึมเศร้าอย่างมีนัยสำคัญทางสถิติ (p <0.05) ได้แก่ความรู้สึกมีคุณค่าในตนเองและการสนับสนุนทางสังคม และมีปัจจัยที่ทำนายภาวะวิตกกังวลได้แก่ อายุตั้งแต่ 60 ปี (OR = 5.07; 95%CI = 1.57 - 16.42) ระยะเวลาในการเจ็บป่วยน้อยกว่า 6 เดือน (OR = 5.19; 95%CI = 1.14 -23.64) ระยะเวลาที่มีทวารเทียมน้อยกว่า 3 เดือน (OR = 4.96,95%CI = 1.58 - 15.58) แต่ไม่สามารถหาปัจจัยทำนายของภาวะซึมเศร้าได้ เนื่องจากไม่ตรงตามเงื่อนไขที่มีผู้ป่วย 8 รายเท่านั้นสรุป : ผู้ป่วยมะเร็งลำไส้ใหญ่และทวารหนักที่ได้รับการผ่าตัดทวารเทียมทางหน้าท้อง ร้อยละ 35 มีภาวะวิตกกังวลและร้อยละ 10 มีภาวะซึมเศร้า และพบว่าความรู้สึกมีคุณค่าในตนเองและการสนับสนุนทางสังคมเป็นปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับภาวะวิตกกังวลและภาวะซึมเศร้าดังนั้นการส่งเสริมความรู้สึกมีคุณค่าในตนเองและการสนับสนุนทางสังคม อาจจะช่วยลดภาวะวิตกกังวลและภาวะซึมเศร้า.

ดรรชนีผู้แต่งจุฬาลงกรณ์เวชสาร 2015, N/A

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Prophylaxis Against Heterotopic Ossification After Elbow And Acetabular Fractures — Do We Really Need It, Rizwan Haroon Rashid, Irfan Qadir, Waseem Ahmed, Masood Umer

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To compare the efficacy and safety of prophylactic modalities for heterotopic ossification prevention after elbow and acetabular surgeries.

METHODS:

The retrospective chart review was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital and comprised record of patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation for elbow and acetabular fractures between 2010 and 2013. Data was classified into three groups: Group A patients had received single dose of radiotherapy; Group B patients had received indomethacin, and Group C patients had not received any prophylaxis. Outcome variables included time-to-fracture healing, heterotopic ossification, non-union and wound infection.

RESULTS:

Of the 104patients 70(67.3%) …

Osats For Total Knee Replacement: Assessment Of Surgical Competence In The Operating Room, Shahryar Noordin, Salim Allana

Department of Surgery Docs

No abstract provided.

K Wire Fixation Of Supra-Condylar Humerus Fractures In Children. Is Ulnar Nerve At Risk?, Waseem Ahmed, Haroon Rashid, Yasir Mohib, Rizwan Haroon Rashid

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To compare iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury in lateral entry pin fixation versus medial and lateral entry pin fixation in the treatment of supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children. Measurement of clinical parameters in terms of elbow range of motion and postop radiographic alignment was also targeted.

METHODS:

The retrospective cohort study was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised data of paediatric patients who underwent closed reduction and percutaneous pin fixation for the treatment of displaced extension type supracondylar fractures of the humerus between July 2007 and June 2012. Data regarding socio-demographic status, disease and …

Calcaneal Fractures: An Audit Of Radiological Outcome., Tashfeen Ahmad, Zehra Abdul Muhammad, Bilal Humayun Matin, Azeem Tariq Malik, S. A. Quadri

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To assess radiological outcome of management of calcaneal fractures.

METHODS:

The retrospective study was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised data of calcanealfractures managed between February , 2008 and February, 2014 Cases were identified through medical records, and X-rays were reviewed through digital radiology archive. Bohler\'s angle, Gissane\'s angle, calcaneal height and width were assessed digitally on pre-operative and post-operative X-ray images.

RESULTS:

Of the27 patients, only 1(3.7%) was female. The cause of fracture was fall from height 15(56%), road traffic accidents 7(26%) and bomb blasts5(19%). Tongue type fractures were 16(59%) and 11(41%) were joint …

Clinic Based Biopsy Vs. Theatre Biopsy Of Bone And Soft Tissue Extremity Tumours: Comparable Diagnostic Modalities, Waseem Ahmed, Masood Umer, Yasir Mohib, Rizwan Haroon Rashid

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To compare the diagnostic accuracy of clinic-based biopsy versus theatre biopsy against final histopathology in patients presenting with extremity tumours.

METHODS:

The retrospective study was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised record of patients who underwent biopsy procedure of extremity tumours from January 2008 to December 2011. Data regarding socio-demographic status, disease-related and procedure-related variables were collected from the files. Histopathology report of biopsy was compared with the final histopathology after definite procedure of the tumour for concordance.

RESULTS:

Of the 87 patients whose records were reviewed, 42(48%) had undergone biopsy in theatre and 45(52%) …

Trends In Management Of Neck Of Femur Fracture, Tashfeen Ahmad, Umair Ashraf, Omar Irfan, Zehra Abdul Muhammad

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To identify trends related to surgical procedure for the management of neck of femur fracture to see how the choice is changing over time in relation to different age groups.

METHODS:

The retrospective audit was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised data of all patients who presented with neck of femur fracture from 1995 to 2014. Patients with open fractures and those having external fixators were excluded. Data was retrieved from the hospital database, and analysed using SPSS 17.

RESULTS:

Records of 1039 patients were reviewed. The proportion of patients in the 70+ years age …

The Homeoprotein Dlx3 And Tumor Suppressor P53 Co-Regulate Cell Cycle Progression And Squamous Tumor Growth, Paul W. Bible, E. Palazzo, M. Kellett, C. Cataisson, A. Gormley, V. Pietroni, Et Al.

Computer Science Faculty publications

Epidermal homeostasis depends on the coordinated control of keratinocyte cell cycle. Differentiation and the alteration of this balance can result in neoplastic development. Here we report on a novel DLX3-dependent network that constrains epidermal hyperplasia and squamous tumorigenesis. By integrating genetic and transcriptomic approaches, we demonstrate that DLX3 operates through a p53-regulated network. DLX3 and p53 physically interact on the p21 promoter to enhance p21 expression. Elevating DLX3 in keratinocytes produces a G1-S blockade associated with p53 signature transcriptional profiles. In contrast, DLX3 loss promotes a mitogenic phenotype associated with constitutive activation of ERK. DLX3 expression is lost in human …

Tools For Economic Analysis Of Patient Management Interventions In Heart Failure Cost-Effectiveness Model: A Web-Based Program Designed To Evaluate The Cost-Effectiveness Of Disease Management Programs In Heart Failure., Shelby D. Reed, Matthew P. Neilson, Matthew Gardner, Yanhong Li, Andrew H. Briggs, Daniel E E. Polsky, Felicia L. Graham, Margaret T. Bowers, Sara C. Paul, Bradi B. Granger, Kevin A. Schulman, David J. Whellan, Barbara Riegel, Wayne C. Levy

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Heart failure disease management programs can influence medical resource use and quality-adjusted survival. Because projecting long-term costs and survival is challenging, a consistent and valid approach to extrapolating short-term outcomes would be valuable.

METHODS: We developed the Tools for Economic Analysis of Patient Management Interventions in Heart Failure Cost-Effectiveness Model, a Web-based simulation tool designed to integrate data on demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics; use of evidence-based medications; and costs to generate predicted outcomes. Survival projections are based on a modified Seattle Heart Failure Model. Projections of resource use and quality of life are modeled using relationships with time-varying …

The Scoop, Vol. 2 Issue 8, November 2015, Health Sciences Library

Volume 2

Latest news and events from the Health Sciences Library in our monthly newsletter for November 2015.

Effect Of Continuous Passive Motion On Knee Flexion Range Of Motion After Total Knee Arthroplasty, Naveed Baloch, Akbar Jaleel Zubairi, Rizwan Haroon Rashid, Pervaiz Hashmi, Riaz Hussain Lakdawala

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To compare mean knee flexion in patients on continuous passive motion and those without it after total knee arthroplasty.

METHODS:

The randomised controlled study was conducted at Aga Khan University Hospital, from July 2013 to June 2014, and comprised patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty. Patients were randomly assigned to either group, with Group A receiving standardised physiotherapy from 1st postoperative day, and Group B receiving physiotherapy and one hour of continuous passive motion twice a day from 1st postoperative day until discharge. Outcome assessment was done on the day of discharge.

RESULTS:

Of the 76 patients, there …

Spectrum Of Histopathological Findings In Postmenopausal Bleeding, Muhammad Usman Tariq, Romana Idress, Ahmed Raheem, Naila Kayani

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective:To determine the frequencies of histopathological findings in endometrial and endocervical biopsy samples with clinical history of Postmenopausal Bleeding (PMB). Study Design:Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study:Section of Histopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from February 2012 to January 2013. Methodology:Atotal of 157 consecutive endometrial and endocervical biopsy specimens with history of postmenopausal bleeding were included. After microscopic examination, frequencies of histological findings in different age groups were generated. Chi-square and independent sample t-tests were applied to see whether the difference was significant which was set at p < 0.05. Results:One hundred and twenty-one (77.1%) specimens showed benign pathologies while 36 (22.9%) were malignant. Endometrial polyp was seen in 67 (42.7%) cases followed by endometrial carcinomas in 25 (15.9%), endometrial hyperplasia in 21 (13.4%), cervical carcinoma in 12 (7.6%) and cervical polyps in 9 (5.7%) cases. Ahighly significant increase in the percentage of malignant and pre-malignant lesions was seen with increasing age group (p < 0.001). Mean age of patients with type-2 endometrial carcinoma was higher than type-1 endometrial carcinoma but statistical significance was not observed (70.2 ±6.5 vs. 61.8 ±9.1 years respectively, p=0.069). Conclusion:Although benign pathologies were more common in postmenopausal bleeding but the collective proportion of endometrial and cervical malignancies and pre-malignant conditions was quite high. Therefore, PMB should be urgently evaluated for cause and early commencement of treatment

Discovery Of Novel Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors And Survivin Inhibitors As Potential Anticancer Agents, Min Xiao

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer and accounts for the majority of skin cancer death. Although considerable advances have been made in melanoma treatment in recent years, there are many problems associated with current therapies. Drug resistance to targeted therapies is almost inevitable after short term treatment. Immunotherapies generally have low response rate and the effects vary among patients. Therefore, the need to develop new and more effective treatment for melanoma is high.

The work presented here focuses on discovery of novel anticancer agents for melanoma by targeting two important cancer targets: tubulin and survivin. Microtubules play …

Challenges In The Pharmacokinetics Of Therapeutic Proteins, Wararat Limothai

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Due to the complex structure and complicated disposition pattern of therapeutic macromolecules, their pharmacokinetic interpretation has many challenges. Two of these challenges were investigated in this dissertation: 1) the error of classical bioavailability assessment observed during subcutaneous (SC) administration of therapeutic macromolecules that undergo target-mediated drug disposition (TMDD) and 2) the ontogeny of the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) expression along with its effect on the pharmacokinetics of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) during development.

TMDD often well describes the pharmacokinetics of therapeutic proteins that have high specificity and affinity of binding to their target receptors. The target receptors can be saturated by …

Traditional Grain Alcohol (Bai Jiu, 白酒) Production And Use In Rural Central China: Implications For Public Health, Ling Qian, Ian M. Newman, Wen Xiong, Yanyu Feng

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Background: An estimated 25 % of the alcohol consumed in China is traditional unrecorded alcohol produced and distributed informally. Consequently there is concern about its safety and its contribution to public health risk. Little has been written about this type of alcohol in China.

Methods: Researchers observed the manufacture of traditional bai jiu in a rural area of Hubei Province, Central China. Two hundred fifty-nine individuals were interviewed, either individually or in small groups, about their use of and attitudes toward bai jiu. Individuals who made or sold bai jiu were interviewed about local production, distribution, and sale. Key community …

Right Ventricular Dysfunction After Resuscitation Predicts Poor Outcomes In Cardiac Arrest Patients Independent Of Left Ventricular Function., Vimal Ramjee, Anne V. Grossestreuer, Yuan Yao, Sarah M. Perman, Marion Leary, James N. Kirkpatrick, Paul R. Forfia, Daniel M. Kolansky, Benjamin S. Abella, David F. Gaieski

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: Determination of clinical outcomes following resuscitation from cardiac arrest remains elusive in the immediate post-arrest period. Echocardiographic assessment shortly after resuscitation has largely focused on left ventricular (LV) function. We aimed to determine whether post-arrest right ventricular (RV) dysfunction predicts worse survival and poor neurologic outcome in cardiac arrest patients, independent of LV dysfunction.

METHODS: A single-center, retrospective cohort study at a tertiary care university hospital participating in the Penn Alliance for Therapeutic Hypothermia (PATH) Registry between 2000 and 2012.

PATIENTS: 291 in- and out-of-hospital adult cardiac arrest patients at the University of Pennsylvania who had return of spontaneous …