Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Urinary Dna Lesions As A Biomarker For Assessing Male Reproductive Health, Hueiwang Anna Jeng, Chih-Hung Pan, Chao Mu-Rong

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

The study aimed to examine whether urinary 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) could serve as a biomarker for assessing sperm DNA integrity. Urine and semen samples were collected from 124 coke-oven workers, who had chronically been exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), from a steel plant in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. The coke-oven workers were divided into two subgroups: topside-oven workers and side-oven workers. Sperm DNA integrity was assessed in terms of DNA fragmentation and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodGuo). Urine samples were used to detect 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) and urinary 8-OHdG, which served to assess exposure to PAHs and the whole body oxidative stress, respectively. Urinary 1-OHP concentrations …

Are Semen Quality Parameters Sufficient For Biomonitoring Spermatozoa Dna Integrity And Oxidatively Damaged Dna, Hueiwang Anna Jeng, Ruei-Nian Li, Wen-Yi Lin

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between semen quality parameters and DNA integrity, and determine whether semen quality parameters could serve as a reliable biomarker for monitoring sperm DNA damage. Conventional semen parameters from a total of 202 male human subjects were analyzed. DNA fragmentation and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′- deoxyguanosine (8-oxoGuo) were used to assess sperm DNA integrity. DNA fragmentation was analyzed by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA), while 8-oxodGuo was quantified by the liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) coupled with an on-line solid phase system. The levels of …

Effective, Clinically Feasible And Sustainable: Key Design Features Of Psycho-Educational And Supportive Care Interventions To Promote Individualised Self-Management In Cancer Care, P. Schofield, Suzanne Chambers

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

As the global burden of cancer increases healthcare services will face increasing challenges in meet the complex needs of these patients, their families and the communities in which they live. This raises the question of how to meet patient need where direct clinical contact may be constrained or not readily available. Patients and families require resources and skills to manage their illness outside of the hospital setting within their own communities. Aim. To propose a framework for the development and delivery of psycho-educational and supportive care interventions drawing on theoretical principles of behaviour change and evidence-based interventions, and based on …

The Utilization Of Evidence-Based Treatments In Trauma Treatment Of Active Military Personnel And Their Families, Matt Brickell

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This study reviewed the literature regarding the effectiveness of evidence-based treatments in addressing traumatic stress injuries such as post-traumatic stress disorder in active military personnel and their families. Top tier treatments recommended by the Department of Defense and Department of Veteran Affairs Clinical Practice Guidelines for the treatment of traumatic stress disorders are discussed, and the literature is critically examined with a focus on exploring the reported evidence of effectiveness. In addition, this study contributed unpublished archival clinical outcome data from evidence-based treatment of active military personnel and their families in real-world clinical settings. The effectiveness of an evidence-based treatment …

Advances And Applications Of Dezert-Smarandache Theory (Dsmt) For Information Fusion (Collected Works), Vol. 4, Florentin Smarandache, Jean Dezert

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The fourth volume on Advances and Applications of Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT) for information fusion collects theoretical and applied contributions of researchers working in different fields of applications and in mathematics. The contributions (see List of Articles published in this book, at the end of the volume) have been published or presented after disseminating the third volume (2009, http://fs.unm.edu/DSmT-book3.pdf) in international conferences, seminars, workshops and journals.

First Part of this book presents the theoretical advancement of DSmT, dealing with Belief functions, conditioning and deconditioning, Analytic Hierarchy Process, Decision Making, Multi-Criteria, evidence theory, combination rule, evidence distance, conflicting belief, sources of evidences …

The Use Of Immersive Visualization For The Control Of Dental Anxiety During Oral Debridement, Carmelo Padrino-Barrios, Gayle B. Mccombs, Norou Diawara, Gianluca De Leo

Dental Hygiene Faculty Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Immersive Visualization (IV) eyewear on anxious, adult patients during oral debridement.

Methods: Thirty adult volunteers (n=23 females n=7 males) were enrolled in the study. Participants were required to be 18 years or older, exhibit at least moderate anxiety (score 9 or higher) on the Corah's Dental Anxiety Scale-Revised (DAS-R), and be generally healthy. Individuals were excluded from participation if they presented with severe dental calculus, periodontal disease, or dental caries, were taking psychotropic drugs, had a history of convulsive disorders, vertigo, or equilibrium disorders, or required antibiotic premedication. …

Weight-Bearing Dorsiflexion Range Of Motion And Landing Biomechanics In Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instablity, Matthew C. Hoch, Kelley E. Farwell, Stacey L. Gaven, Joshua T. Weinhandl

Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

Context: People with chronic ankle instability (CAI) exhibit less weight-bearing dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) and less knee flexion during landing than people with stable ankles. Examining the relationship between dorsiflexion ROM and landing biomechanics may identify a modifiable factor associated with altered kinematics and kinetics during landing tasks.

Objective: To examine the relationship between weight-bearing dorsiflexion ROM and single-legged landing biomechanics in persons with CAI.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants: Fifteen physically active persons with CAI (5 men, 10 women; age = 21.9 ± 2.1 years, height = 168.7 ± 9.0 cm, mass = 69.4 …

Mass Fatality Incidents And The Role Of The Dental Hygienist: Are We Prepared?, Tara L. Newcomb, Ann M. Bruhn, Bridget Giles

Dental Hygiene Faculty Publications

Dental hygienists can fill critical roles during mass fatality incidents in the area of disaster victim identification, providing much needed support to forensic odontologists. The purpose of this paper is to bring awareness that research is needed to assess current dental hygiene programs, continuing education opportunities and the type of approach being used to develop and implement pedagogy in the forensic specialty area, specifically mass fatality preparedness and response for the dental hygienist. Because of the threat of terrorism in the U.S. and natural disasters like hurricanes, the need to prepare dental professionals in disaster response and fatality management is …

Cocoon Abdomen - A Rare Cause Of Intestinal Obstruction., Zia Ur Rehman

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis or abdominal cocoon is a rare condition of unknown etiology in which intestinal obstruction result from encasement of variable length of bowel by dense fibro collagenous membrane.

PRESENTATION OF CASE:

A case of young male is reported who presented with features of small bowel obstruction with tender mass in the right iliac fossa. CT scan suggested features of internal herniation. On exploration, he was found to have small intestine, large intestine, stomach and liver covered with a thick cocoon like membrane. The membrane was gently peeled off the small intestine. The patient recovered well and …

Practices Of Tracheal Suctioning Technique Among Health Care Professionals: Literature Review, Rozina Khimani, Fauziya Ali Dr., Salma Rattani, Mohammad Sohail Awan

Department of Surgery Docs

The current study aims to assess tracheal suctioning practices among health care practitioners; nurses, critical care technicians and physiotherapist. Employing literature review as the methodology, multiple databases were searched focusing on three phases of tracheal suctioning (a) the pre suctioning phase, (b) the suctioning phase, (c) the post suctioning phase and complications related to tracheal suctioning. It was concluded that to provide quality care it is important that the evidence based practice guidelines should be followed.

Radiation Dose On Whole Brain Computed Tomography In Comprehensive Stroke Imaging Using Axial Volumetric 320-Detector Ct, Saifhon Admontree, Anchali Krisanachinda, Jiraporn Laothamatas, Panruethai Trinavarat

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : The 320- detector row CT scanner with a larger z-coverage (16 cm) competently enables whole brain imaging that is need for patients who are been requested for comprehensive stroke imaging with axial volume mode which exposes the patient to a relatively high dose of radiation. Objective : The purpose of the study is to determine the radiation dose on whole brain computed tomography in comprehensive stroke imaging using Axial Volumetric 320-detector MDCT. Designs : Observational retrospective study. Setting : Advanced Diagnostic Imaging Center (AIMC), Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok. Material and Method : The collected data include scan parameters and …

การตรวจคัดกรองการได้ยินในเด็กทารกแรกเกิด, นัตวรรณ อุทุมพฤกษ์พร, เสาวรส ภทรภักดิ์

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

รสูญเสียการได้ยินเท่านั้น ซึ่งในปัจจุบันพบว่ากว่าครึ่งหนึ่งของเด็กทารกแรกเกิดที่สูญเสียการได้ยินไม่มีปัจจัยเสี่ยงใด ๆ จึงเป็นที่มาของโปรแกรมการตรวจคัดกรองการได้ยินในทารกแรกเกิดซึ่งจะช่วยให้การตรวจหาการสูญเสียการได้ยินทำได้อย่างรวดเร็ว เพื่อจะได้ช่วยกระตุ้นการได้ยินและแก้ไขป้องกันสาเหตุของการสูญเสียการได้ยินในกรณีที่ทำได้ เช่น รักษาการติดเชื้อไวรัส CMV,ป้องกัน ภาวะ rupture of enlarged vestibular aqueductทารกปกติควรได้รับการตรวจ otoacoustic emission (OAE) ทุกราย ส่วนเด็กทารกใน NICUควรตรวจ OAE ร่วมกับ automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) เพื่อคัดกรองหาการสูญเสียการได้ยิน และภาวะ auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder ซึ่งพบได้สูงในเด็กกลุ่มนี้หลังจากได้รับการคัดกรองแล้ว เด็กที่มีความผิดปกติควรได้รับการตรวจ full ABR ด้วย Tonepipor Narrow band Chirp เพื่อประเมินระดับการได้ยินของทารกอย่างแม่นยำ อันจะนำมาซึ่งการกระตุ้นพัฒนาการ และช่วยเหลือทางการได้ยินที่เหมาะสม.

Ocular Manifestation, Complications And Aetiological Factors In Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, Shaukat Ali Chhipa, Sadia Masood, Yasir Salarzai, Qazi Assad Khan, Khabir Ahmad, Sara Sajid

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To describe the ocular manifestations of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrosis among inpatients at a tertiary care hospital.

METHODS:

The retrospective observational descriptive study was carried out at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised data on age, gender, aetiology and ocular findings related to patients diagnosed with Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/ToxicEpidermal Necrosis between January 2000 and December 2011. SPSS 19 was used for statistical analysis.

RESULTS:

There were 87 patients; 48(55.2%) of them being males.The overall mean age was 33.2±22.2 years, ranging from 1 month to 84 years. The most common aetiology was idiopathic 20(23%) followed by non-steroidal inflammatory …

Outcome And Cost Effectiveness Of Autobiographically Guided Surgical Clip Placement For Tumor Localization In Patients Undergoing Neo-Adjuvant Chemotherapy For Breast Cancer., Imrana Masroor, Sana Zeeshan, Shaista Afzal Saeed, Saira Naz, Madeeha Ali, Khabir Ahmad, Shaista Khan

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

To determine the outcome and cost saving by placing ultrasound guided surgical clips for tumor localization in patientsundergoing neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This retrospective cross sectional analytical study was conducted at the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan from January to December 2014. A sample of 25 women fulfilling our selection criteria was taken. All patients came to our department for ultrasound guided core biopsy of suspicious breast lesions and clip placement in the index lesion prior to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. All the selected patients had biopsy proven breast cancer.

RESULTS: …

Caps: Implications For Collaboration Between Teachers And Speech-Language Therapists Working In Schools, Anna-Marie Wium, Brenda Louw

ETSU Faculty Works

This critical review addresses the implications of the Curriculum and Assessment Plan Statement (CAPS) for collaboration between teachers and speech-language therapists (SLTs) in schools. A historical perspective on changes in the roles and responsibilities of SLTs is provided, reflecting a shift from supporting the child to supporting the teacher. Based on the role of SLTs and audiologists in schools, an innovative approach to the support of teachers is conceptualized. The curriculum content and methods support learners who experience challenges and barriers to learning in main stream classrooms. The implementation of the curriculum necessitates close collaboration between teachers and SLTs in …

Respiratory Therapists As Physician Extenders: Perceptions Of Practitioners And Educators, Shane Keene, Kristen L. Mchenry, Randy L. Byington, Mark Washam

ETSU Faculty Works

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions of practicing respiratory therapists (RT) and respiratory care educators regarding the role of RTs serving as physician extenders. Methods: The survey instrument was an electronic questionnaire that consisted of 17 questions. Participation was voluntary and participants were selected through random and convenience sampling techniques. Results: Of 506 respondents, 234 were respiratory care educators. Overwhelmingly, the respondents held the Registered Respiratory Therapist credential (92.7%). Respondents were about equally split among three education levels: 31.7% associate degree, 31.7% bachelor’s degree, and 27.3% master’s degree. Of the respondents 62.45% had considered pursing …

Street Fights: Corporate Social Responsibility And A Dragway's Attempt To Reduce Illegal Street Racing, Amanda E. Greene, Andy Dotterweich, Gary Lhotsky, Jason Davis

ETSU Faculty Works

This study sought to explore a professional sport venue’s use of Corporate social responsibility (CSR) to promote positive social change, by addressing illegal street racing, through events designed for community participation. This study specifically looked at public dragracing events, titled “Street Fights,” held at a professional dragway. The purpose of this study was to 1) examine drivers’ awareness of the event’s social responsibility initiatives with Street Fight events and 2) determine if these initiatives are promoting behavioral changes in drivers. Drivers at Street Fight events were surveyed (n=77, 60% response rate) on their levels of awareness of the venue’s social …

Challenges, Changes, And Opportunities In Ngb Coach Education From 2003-2015, Anna Swisher, Andy R. Dotterweich

ETSU Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Integration Of Rural Community Pharmacies Into A Rural Family Medicine Practice-Based Research Network: A Descriptive Analysis, Nicholas E. Hagemeier, Sarah Blevins, Kyle Hagen, Emily Sorah, Richa Shah, Kelly Ferris

ETSU Faculty Works

Purpose: Practice-based research networks (PBRN) seek to shorten the gap between research and application in primary patient care settings. Inclusion of community pharmacies in primary care PBRNs is relatively unexplored. Such a PBRN model could improve care coordination and community-based research, especially in rural and underserved areas. The objectives of this study were to: 1) evaluate rural Appalachian community pharmacy key informants’ perceptions of PBRNs and practice-based research; 2) explore key informants’ perceptions of perceived applicability of practice-based research domains; and 3) explore pharmacy key informant interest in PBRN participation.

Methods: The sample consisted of community pharmacies within city limits …

Do Air Pollutant Emissions Lead To An Increase In Total Personal Health Care Costs By State?, Dana Jespersen

MPA/MPP/MPFM Capstone Projects

Total personal health care costs are increasing in the United States every year. Currently personal health care costs are predicted to increase at a national average rate of 6.5 percent. This is on track with the historical data. The increase has returned to the 6.0 percent mark after falling down to an increase of 3.7 percent in 2013. Recovering from the recession and the implementation of the Affordable Care Act has contributed to the steady increase back up to the average 6 percent increase per year. When looking at individual states, all averaged around the 6 to 8 percent increase …

Global Health Challenges At The Point Of Care: A Review Of Tuberculosis Needs Assessment, Inna Tounkel

Scripps Senior Theses

Tuberculosis is one of the deadliest communicable diseases in the world, and consequently remains one of the biggest global healthcare challenges. Tuberculosis is treatable and curable. However, within many low resource settings, underdeveloped medical infrastructure limits the effectiveness and accuracy of existing diagnostics. These limitations severely impede the timely diagnosis of the disease, and thus contribute to the disease spreading, developing drug resistance, and killing more individuals. There is an urgent need for an inexpensive, portable, rapid, easy-to-use point of care diagnostic that can function outside of the laboratory at the community level. Currently, there is a wide range of …

The Germ Theory Of Dystopias: Fears Of Human Nature In 1984 And Brave New World, Clea D. Harris

Scripps Senior Theses

This project is an exploration of 20^th century dystopian literature through the lens of germ theory. This scientific principle, which emerged in the late 19^th century, asserts that microorganisms pervade the world; these invisible and omnipresent germs cause specific diseases which are often life threatening. Additionally, germ theory states that vaccines and antiseptics can prevent some of these afflictions and that antibiotics can treat others. This concept of a pervasive, invisible, infection-causing other is not just a biological principle, though; in this paper, I argue that one can interpret it as an ideological framework for understanding human existence …

Variables In Vbac Success: A Retrospective Review Of Trial Of Labor After Cesarean (Tolac) And Labor Support, Jenna A. Koblentz

Scripps Senior Theses

For most of the 20^th century, the saying “once a cesarean, always a cesarean” was a rule in the United States. Today, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) opposes the dictum and urges women to consider trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC). However, the factors that lead to a successful outcome remain unclear, as research continues to be conducted in hopes of creating a predictive model for vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) success.

The NIH’s request for more research in this area of obstetrics led to this retrospective cohort study of all TOLACs at Marin General Hospital (MGH) from …

Manufacturing Doubt About Endocrine Disrupter Science - A Rebuttal Of Industry-Sponsored Critical Comments On The Unep/Who Report "State Of The Science Of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals 2012", Åke Bergman, Georg Becher, Bruce Blumberg, Poul Bjerregaard, Riana Bornman, Ingvar Brandt, Stephanie Casey, Heloise Frouin, Linda Giudice, Jerrold J. Heindel, Taisen Iguchi, Susan Jobling, Karen A. Kidd, Andreas Kortenkamp, P. Monica Lind, Derek Muir, Roseline Ochieng, Erik Ropstad, Peter S. Ross, Niels Erik Skakkebaek, Jorma Toppari, Laura N. Vandenberg, Tracey J. Woodruff, R. Thomas Zoeller

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

We present a detailed response to the critique of “State of the Science of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals 2012” UNEP/WHO, 2013) by financial stakeholders, authored by Lamb et al. (2014). Lamb et al.'s claim that UNEP/WHO (2013) does not provide a balanced perspective on endocrine disruption is based on incomplete and misleading quoting of the report through omission of qualifying statements and inaccurate description of study objectives, results and conclusions. Lamb et al. define extremely narrow standards for synthesizing evidence which are then used to dismiss the UNEP/WHO 2013 report as flawed. We show that Lamb et al. misuse conceptual frameworks …

Hood's Theory Of Aging, Drew Michael Hood

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

This thesis proposes that the theory of gerotranscendence can be improved by emphasizing life course events that influence the gerotranscendence process. Further, this paper proposes that teaching gerotranscendence to long-term care staff and residents with Hood's theory of aging and with a departmental framework will yield better results in staff following gerotranscendence best practices and thus result in increased resident development towards gerotranscendence.

Falls Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Determining The Relationship Between Social Networks And The Risk For Falls, Smita Sikhrakar

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Falls among community-dwelling older adults is a big public health problem, which have an effect on older adults' health, independence, and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between social networks and the risk for falls among community-dwelling older adults. This was a descriptive correlational study, which utilized a cross-sectional survey for the data collection. The dependent and independent variable of this study were the risk for falls among the community-dwelling older adults, and the strength and type of social networks respectively. In this study, 218 community-dwelling older adults were recruited, who were living …

The Relationship Between Opportunity For Physical Activity And Classroom Behavior In School Aged Children., Kortney Lee Aeikens

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between physical activity and students' classroom behavior. This descriptive study explored student classroom behavior. This study is to find answers to the following research question: What is the relationship between negative classroom behavior and the amount of time spent in daily physical activity?

Understanding the effects of physical activity on student classroom behavior can help school teachers and administrators in their creation of school scheduling and policy. A sample of students from grades kindergarten thru second grade was used from Pine Island Public Schools. The data was analyzed using aggregate …

Honoring The Victims: How The Change In Ethics Ruined Science In The Third Reich And What To Do With The Remaining Medical Data, Kathleen M. Mitchell

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This paper analyzes both sides of the debate over using the Nazi medical data and brings forth one possible compromise. While using the data can provide the scientific community information that can be beneficial for society—and thus salvaging some good out of the evil—are the survivors’ sentiments on the subject truly being heard? The idea that the victims are once again being abused by using the information without their consent is not a matter to be taken lightly. On the other hand, if the data is valuable, it can be detrimental to scientific experimentation to deny access or destroy the …

Drug Interactions With Glutaredoxin Orthologues, Kahlilah R. Napper, Thomas C. Leeper, Ram Khattri, Daniel Morris, Caroline Davis

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Glutaredoxin, an enzymatic protein, is an important component of cell viability and function. It catalyzes reactions involved in DNA synthesis and innate immunity [1,4]. Glutaredoxin is also essential in antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacterial species. Pseudomonas aeruginosa in particular is responsible for infecting the lung tissue of its human hosts, resulting in the development of pneumonia and cystic fibrosis [3]. Because glutaredoxin is pertinent in cell proliferation of eukaryotic and bacterial cells alike, medicinal fragments that take advantage of the subtle differences in protein structure of the orthologous proteins can be synthesized and enhanced to bind bacterial glutaredoxins, without inhibiting …

Histological And Immunohistochemical Analyses Used To Study Craniosynostosis In Pediatric Patients, Palvir Kaur Baadh

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Craniosynostosis is a condition in which one or more of the sutures of the skull grow together (fuse) earlier than normal in infants. Sutures are large gaps located at the bony plates or joints of the head. Craniosynostosis causes the skull to expand and grow in the direction of any normal open suture, creating craniofacial complications, such as drooping eyelids and abnormal intracranial pressure, head shape, or brain morphology. This premature fusion or ossification of sutures affects approximately 300-500 live births in 1,000,000 (Kolpakova-Hart et al., 2008) with considerable variation in phenotype, depending on which suture(s) is involved. Corrective …