Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Dendrimer Based Nanotherapeutics For Ocular Drug Delivery, Siva Pramodh Kambhampati

Wayne State University Dissertations

PAMAM dendrimers are a class of well-defined, hyperbranched polymeric nanocarriers that are being investigated for ocular drug and gene delivery. Their favorable properties such as small size, multivalency and water solubility can provide significant opportunities for many biologically unstable drugs and allows potentially favorable ocular biodistribution. This work exploits hydroxyl terminated dendrimers (G4-OH) as drug/gene delivery vehicles that can target retinal microglia and pigment epithelium via systemic delivery with improved efficacy at much lower concentrations without any side effects.

Two different drugs Triamcinolone acetonide (TA) and N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) conjugated to G4-OH dendrimers showed tailorable sustained release in physiological relevant …

Development And Initial Psychometric Testing Of The Perceived Racism Shifting Survey (Prss), Saran Hollier

Wayne State University Dissertations

ABSTRACT

DEVELOPMENT AND INITIAL PSYCHOMETRIC TESTING OF THE PERCEIVED RACISM SHIFTING SURVEY (PRSS)

by

SARAN T. HOLLIER, MSN, RN

May, 2015

Advisor: Dr. Rosalind Peters

Major: Nursing

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

Perceived racism experienced from those of a different race (intergroup), and those of the same race (intragroup), is a stressor that may be contributing to health disparities among African Americans. As a result, coping strategies are necessary for African Americans to navigate in both a "Black" and "White" world. Hence, African Americans may use "shifting" as a way to cope with inter- and intragroup racism. Shifting has been defined …

Falls And Hospitalized Cancer Patients, Rebecca Allan-Gibbs

Wayne State University Dissertations

FALLS AND HOSPITALIZED CANCER PATIENTS

by

REBECCA ALLAN-GIBBS, MSN, RN, CNS-BC, AOCNS

May 2014

Advisor: Dr. Patricia Jarosz, PhD, RN

Major: Nursing

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

Problem: Many hospital fall prevention studies have shown that having a diagnosis of cancer places patients at higher risk for falls/falls with injury when compared to other hospitalized groups of patients. Few studies have focused solely on cancer patients at risk for falls in the hospital setting. Specifically, this study used Dorothea Orem's theory of self-care (Orem, 2001), and Albert Bandura's (2001), social cognitive theory to determine if factors such as age, gender, health …

Antimicrobial Properties Of Vertically Aligned Nano-Tubular Copper, Kafil Razeeb, Joanna Podporska-Carroll, Mamun Jamal, Maksudul Hassan, Michael Nolan, Declan Mccormack, Brid Quilty, Simon Newcombe, Suresh Pillai

Articles

In this work, the antimicrobial properties of vertically aligned nano-tubular Cu arrays (NT-Cu) fabricated via a template-based electrodeposition approach were investigated. The NT-Cu display good bactericidal activity against S.aureus and bacteriostatic properties against E.coli, S.sonnei, S.enterica and C.albicans. In contrast, Cu-foil electrodeposited from the same solution shows low biological activity against the same microorganisms. The antimicrobial activity of NT-Cu depends on both the type of microorganism and exposure time. After 6 hours of exposure, over 99.99% (log red = 4.43) of S.aureus population was inactivated, whereas, for E.coli, S.sonnei, S.enterica and C.albicans it was 97.8, 94.2, 89.9, and 90.3%, respectively.

Characterization Of A Human Powered Nebulizer Compressor For Resource Poor Settings, Christopher J. Hallberg, M Therese Lysaught, Christopher E. Zmudka, William K. Kopesky, Lars E. Olson

Institute of Pastoral Studies: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Respiratory disease accounts for three of the ten leading causes of death worldwide. Many of these diseases can be treated and diagnosed using a nebulizer. Nebulizers can also be used to safely and efficiently deliver vaccines. Unfortunately, commercially available nebulizers are not designed for use in regions of the world where lung disease is most prevalent: they are electricity-dependent, cost-prohibitive, and not built to be reliable in harsh operating conditions or under frequent use.

To overcome these limitations, the Human Powered Nebulizer compressor (HPN) was developed. The HPN does not require electricity; instead airflow is generated manually through a hand-crank …

Spirituality In Nursing Practice, Regina Conway-Phillips

Nursing: School of Nursing Faculty Publications and Other Works

No abstract provided.

Distribution Of Non-At1, Non-At2 Binding Of 125i-Sarcosine1, Isoleucine8 Angiotensin Ii In Neurolysin Knockout Mouse Brains, Robert C. Speth, Eduardo J. Carrera, Catalina Bretón, Andrea Linares, Luz Gonzalez-Reiley, Jamala D. Swindle, Kira L. Santos, Ines Schadock, Michael Bader, Vardan T. Karamyan

HPD Articles

The recent identification of a novel binding site for angiotensin (Ang) II as the peptidase neurolysin (E.C. 3.4.24.16) has implications for the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). This report describes the distribution of specific binding of 125I-Sarcosine1, Isoleucine8 Ang II (125I-SI Ang II) in neurolysin knockout mouse brains compared to wild-type mouse brains using quantitative receptor autoradiography. In the presence of p-chloromercuribenzoic acid (PCMB), which unmasks the novel binding site, widespread distribution of specific (3 µM Ang II displaceable) 125I-SI Ang II binding in 32 mouse brain regions was observed. Highest levels of binding >700 fmol/g initial wet weight were seen in …

Neighborhood-Level Influences On Delays In Diagnostic Follow-Up From Mammography Screening In African-American Women: A Systematic Review, Barbara A. Fowler

Nursing Faculty Publications

Although there has been a steady decrease in breast cancer deaths among all women (pooled data) age 40 to 65 years during the past two decades in the United States, breast cancer deaths remain substantially higher among African-American women than White women (32.4% vs. 23.9%), resulting in an overall lower five-year survival rate (78.4% vs. 91.2%). These differences are primarily due to delays in diagnostic follow-up from mammography screening (MS) (ACS, 2012]. Following the secondary research data methods by analyzing the popular medical databases and articles published in the peer-reviewed medical journals in US during 2004-2014 the author would like …

Effect Of The Clostridium Difficile Tcde Protein On Membranes Of Escherichia Coli, Sophie Hollenberg

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

Clostridium difficile infects millions of hospitalized patients worldwide, causing pseudomembranous colitis, a disease with symptoms attributable to two toxins produced by the bacterium.The PaLoc gene locus in the C. difficile genome is responsible for toxin production and activation, but it is not known how the toxins are released from the pathogen. Within PaLoc is a gene for the TcdE protein, which shares striking similarity to a class of membrane pore-forming proteins called holins. To assess whether TcdE catalyzes toxin release, the engineered tcdE gene was expressed in Escherichia coli. An arabinose promoter upstream of the tcdE gene was manipulated to …

Numerical Algorithms For Solving A Generalized Cancer Chemotherapy Problem, Frank Nani, Mingxian Jin

Math and Computer Science Faculty Working Papers

In this paper, two elaborate numerical algorithms are presented for solving the Nani- Oguztoreli functional differential equations associated with cell-cycle specific cancer chemotherapy. The generalized cell-cycle specific cancer chemotherapy model of Nani- Oguztoreli contains discrete time delays which represent the times that the cancer cells spend in each cell-cycle phase. The model also takes into account that inter-cell cycle phase transition rate constants, recruitment of resting cells from the GO phase, and effect of chemotherapy drug on cells in each phase. The algorithms utilize a modified version of the Method of Steps algorithms. The constructed numerical schemes can be implemented …

Lasting Impressions, Winter 2014, College Of Dental Medicine

Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Children's Mercy Hospital Annual Report 2013, Children's Mercy Hospital

Children's Mercy Annual Reports

Annual report for The Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City MO, a pediatric medical center.

Fy 14 Community Benefit Summary, Children's Mercy Hospital

Community Benefits

Fiscal year report on the community benefits provided by Children's Mercy Kansas City to the communities in the Kansas City region.

No Shows: Effectiveness Of Termination Policy And Review Of Best Practices, Maalinii Vijayan

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

The primary objective of the study was to identify whether the implementation of Patient No Show and Termination policy at Five Rivers Health Centers (FRHC) is associated with a significant reduction of its no show rate. The secondary objective was to perform the best practices review on other strategies to reduce no shows. The data for this study was obtained retrospectively from the electronic medical records of the seven clinical centers of FRHC. Individual clinic's no show rates and cumulative no show rates for pre-implementation and post-implementation period were calculated. Chi-squared test were used to detect statistical significance between pre- …

Smarter Lunchrooms - Ohio: Using Production And Sales Records To Measure Change In Food Selection, Roopsi J. Narayan

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Background: The 2010 Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act (HHFKA) updated the national school meals standards from the 1995 to the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. The HHFKA are the most comprehensive changes to the national school meal standards in 15 years. Measurement of food selection is essential to determine the impact of the new rules. This study develops an indicator, using production records, to track food selection in school cafeterias. Methods: Participating Ohio school districts applied interventions from The Smarter Lunchrooms Movement to cafeterias. Using MyPlate as a model and production records from two school districts, a coding system was developed …

Fruit And Vegetable Consumption Patterns Among Children During School Lunch, Haley R. Riegel

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Background: As the United States suffers from a childhood obesity epidemic, more attention has been given to school lunch nutrition. Federal requirements on school lunch are evolving to include a variety of fruits and vegetables, whereas other programs study ways to increase healthy food consumption during school lunch. This project categorizes fruits and vegetables by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Cornell University’s Smarter Lunchrooms school lunch categories in order to gain a better understanding of fruit and vegetable waste during school lunch.

Methods: Visual estimations of tray waste were collected across four school districts. Averages of fruit …

Electronic Practical Skills Assessments In The Health Professions: A Review, Suzanne J. Snodgrass, Samantha E. Ashby, Laura Onyango, Trevor Russell, Darren A. Rivett

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) evaluate the practical skills of students training in the health professions. OSCEs have several limitations, including a large administrative burden, potential inaccuracies when transferring student scores from paper to electronic mediums, and difficulties providing individualised student feedback. The “eOSCE,” an electronic version of the traditional paper-based OSCE, potentially addresses these issues. In the eOSCE, examiners use electronic means (e.g. computer, personal digital assistant) to record student scores and comments about their performance, and the system provides students with individualised feedback. The literature from 12 databases was searched to identify articles discussing the use of electronic …

The Impact Of Implementation Of An Evidence-Based Practice Model In A Long Term Acute Care Hospital, Michele L. Marshall

Doctor of Nursing Practice Program Projects

Inadequate and delayed implementation of current evidence into practice has contributed to medical errors, safety issues and patient deaths. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) has challenged the healthcare profession to achieve 90% of integration of current evidence into practice by 2020. The purpose of this doctoral project was to implement an evidence-based practice (EBP) model in a long-term acute care hospital as they began their journey in pursuit of Magnet recognition. Implementation of an EBP model, the Advancing Research and Clinical practice through close Collaboration (ARCC) model, involved conducting an initial organizational assessment of staff to understand the staff’s beliefs, …

Implementation Of A Total Knee Arthroplasty Evidence Based Practice Guideline Quality Improvement Project In A Va Orthopedic Surgical Setting To Reduce Surgical Infections, Paula A. Kimpton

Doctor of Nursing Practice Program Projects

The prevention of surgical site infections, specifically orthopedic surgery cases, has been cited as the most preventable source for morbidity and mortality for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasties (TKA). In the most recent Veteran Affairs (VA) National Surgery Office Quarterly Report (July 1, 2012 through June 30, 2013), a problem with surgical site infections was identified in patients with TKA surgery at Dayton Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC). The Dayton VAMC had a 5.3% TKA surgical infection rate versus 1.3% nationally.

The purpose of this quality improvement project was to decrease post-operative TKA infection rates with utilization of evidence based …

Impact Of Poor Retention In Hiv Medical Care On Time To Viral Load Suppression, Timothy N. Crawford, Wayne T. Sanderson, Alice Thornton

Family Medicine Faculty Publications

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate how poor retention in HIV care impacts time to viral suppression after initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy. Methods: A retrospective cohort study design, employing a medical chart review, was conducted at an academic infectious disease clinic at the University of Kentucky. Patients seeking care between 2003 and 2011 were included in the study. A log-normal model was employed to determine the factors associated with time to viral suppression. Results: Of the 532 patients in the study, 426 (80.1%) patients were virally suppressed. Controlling for insurance status, race, baseline CD4 counts, and …

Hispanic Construction Workers And Assertiveness Training, Pramen Shrestha, Nancy Menzel

Nursing Faculty Research

BACKGROUND: Hispanic (Latino) construction workers experience disparities in occupational death and injury rates in the United States. The cultural value of respect for those in authority may hinder these workers from requesting safe working conditions from supervisors.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether Hispanic construction workers in Las Vegas, Nevada found assertiveness training more useful than non-Hispanic trainees and whether or not they practiced this behavior at work after the training.

METHODS: An assertiveness training simulation was part of fall prevention classes offered to area construction workers. Eight weeks after the training, participants were interviewed by telephone about class topics they found …

Population Focused Nursing: Advocacy For Vulnerable Populations In An Rn-Bsn Program, Melissa Jones, Paul Smith

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this article is to describe an innovative learning activity for online RN-BSN students designed to foster advocacy for vulnerable populations. The Vulnerable Population Advocacy Assignment, included as a component of the online Population-Focused Nursing class, provides students with the opportunity to identify and develop an awareness of issues impacting vulnerable populations and to advocate for policy changes that will influence the health of individuals, families, and populations. RN-BSN students build on previous knowledge and skills in professional communication and advocacy as they develop a policy statement designed to address health disparities impacting local, national, and global populations.

Fostering Rn-To-Bsn Students’ Confidence In Searching Online For Scholarly Information On Evidence-Based Practice, Carol Mcculley, Melissa Jones

Faculty & Staff Publications

Graduates of bachelor of science in nursing (BSN) programs are increasingly expected to take an active role in assessing and improving nursing practice, and nurse educators are expected to prepare BSN students for this expanding role. Information literacy, the ability to search for, find, get, and use scholarly information to inform nursing practice, should be a critical component of nursing education. This article focuses on five strategies for teaching information literacy to registered nurse (RN)-to-BSN students in an online continuing education environment. These strategies include the addition of an embedded librarian to the online courses, collaboration between the librarian and …

Conceptualizing Longitudinal Mixed Methods Designs: A Methodological Review Of Health Sciences Research, Vicki Plano-Clark, Nancy Anderson, Jessica A. Wertz, Yuchun Zhou, Karen Schumacher, Christine Miaskowski

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Longitudinal research is well suited for investigating phenomena that change over time. With the growing acceptance of mixed methods, researchers are combining qualitative and quantitative approaches within longitudinal research. However, little attention has been paid to how researchers integrate longitudinal mixed methods databases. The purpose of this methodological review was to describe how researchers combine mixed methods and longitudinal approaches in practice and delineate dimensions and issues inherent within these complex designs. We examined published empirical studies from the health sciences that self-identified as longitudinal and mixed methods. Our results identify major dimensions, variations, and issues for designing longitudinal mixed …

The Impact Of Patient Centered Medical Home On The Patient’S Experience, Courtne Flynn

Master in Public Administration Theses

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Stretching And Strengthening On Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome, Heather Hollinger

Departmental Honors Projects

Although there is considerable research on stretches and strengthening exercises that could help improve function, pain, strength, and flexibility associated with the symptoms of patellofemoral pain, more research on how beneficial stretching and strengthening is compared to just stretching is needed. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of stretching and strengthening as compared to just stretching alone on flexibility, strength, function, and pain in participants with at least 50% of the symptoms and predispositions associated with patellofemoral pain. The design consisted of a control group that completed basic stretching, while the treatment group received stretching and …

Utility Of An Occupational Therapy Driving Intervention For A Combat Veteran, Sherrilene Classen, Miriam Monahan, Maria Canonizado, Sandra Winter

Collected Faculty Scholarship

Many combat veterans are injured in motor vehicle crashes shortly after returning to civilian life, yet little evidence exists on effective driving interventions. In this single-subject design study, we compared clinical test results and driving errors in a returning combat veteran before and after an occupational therapy driving intervention. A certified driving rehabilitation specialist administered baseline clinical and simulated driving assessments; conducted three intervention sessions that discussed driving errors, retrained visual search skills, and invited commentary on driving; and administered a postintervention evaluation in conditions resembling those at baseline. Clinical test results were similar pre- and postintervention. Baseline versus postintervention …

Nursing Student Experiences Of Death And Dying During A Palliative Care Clinical Placement: Teaching And Learning Implications, Olivia Gallagher, Rosemary Saunders, Karen Tambree, Selma Alliex, Leanne Monterosso, Y Naglazas

Nursing Conference Papers

The Building Capacity in Palliative Care Clinical Training project commenced in 2012 and is providing a dedicated palliative care clinical learning experience for nursing and medical students as part of preparation for palliative care practice in future workplaces. Many students fear death on a clinical placement. This paper reports on a pilot study as part the broader project evaluation that examined nursing students’ experiences of death and how the project driven teaching and learning supported students’ learning experiences.

Cancer Incidence In Hiv-Infected Versus Uninfected Veterans: Comparison Of Cancer Registry And Icd-9 Code Diagnoses, Lesley S. Park, Janet P. Tate, Maria Rodriguez-Barradas, David Rimland, Matthew B. Goetz, Cynthia L. Gibert, Sheldon T. Brown, Michael J. Kelley, Amy C. Justice, Robert Dubrow

Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Given the growing interest in the cancer burden in persons living with HIV/AIDS, we examined the validity of data sources for cancer diagnoses (cancer registry versus International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision [ICD-9 codes]) and compared the association between HIV status and cancer risk using each data source in the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS), a prospective cohort of HIV-infected and uninfected veterans from 1996 to 2008.

Methods: We reviewed charts to confirm potential incident cancers at four VACS sites. In the entire cohort, we calculated cancer-type-specific age-, sex-, race/ethnicity-, and calendar-period-standardized incidence rates and incidence rate ratios (IRR) …

Dent–Wrong Disease And Other Rare Causes Of The Fanconi Syndrome, Alejandro Solano, Susie Q. Lew, Todd S. Ing

Medicine Faculty Publications

Dent–Wrong disease, an X-linked recessive disorder of the proximal tubules, presents with hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, nephrolithiasis, renal insufficiency, low-molecular-weight proteinuria, rickets and/or osteomalacia. Dent and Friedman initially characterized the disorder in 1964 following studies of two patients with rickets who presented with hypercalciuria, hyperphosphaturia, proteinuria and aminoaciduria. Since then, extensive investigation identified two genetic mutations (CLCN5 and OCRL1) to be associated with Dent–Wrong disease. Clinical features supported by laboratory findings consistent with proximal tubule dysfunction help diagnose Dent–Wrong disease. Genetic analysis supports the diagnosis; however, these two genes can be normal in a small subset of patients. The differential diagnosis includes …