Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Microstructural Abnormalities In Language And Limbic Pathways In Orphanage-Reared Children: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study, Ajay Kumar, Michael E. Behen, Piti Singsoonsud, Amy L. Veenstra

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

This study utilized diffusion tensor imaging fiber tractography to examine the miscrostructural integrity of limbic and paralimbic white matter tracts in 36 children (age M = 124 months) with histories of early deprivation, raised from birth in orphanages and subsequently adopted into the United States, compared to 16 age-matched typically developing children. We found increased mean diffusivity bilaterally in the arcuate fasciculus and increased mean diffusivity and reduced fractional anisotropy bilaterally in the uncinate fasciculus and cingulum in children with early deprivation. Microstructural integrity of the left arcuate fasciculus and right cingulum was related to language and behavioral functioning, respectively. …

Developing The Value Proposition For Registered Nurse Care Coordination And Transition Management Role In Ambulatory Care Settings, Sheila A. Haas, Beth Ann Swan

Nursing: School of Nursing Faculty Publications and Other Works

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (2010) established clear provisions for Patient-Centered Medical Homes and Accountable Care Organizations. In both, care coordination and transition management are methods to provide safe, high-quality care to at-risk populations such as patients with multiple chronic conditions. The emphasis on care coordination and transition management offers opportunities for nurses to work at their full potential as an integral part of the interprofessional team. Development of a model for the registered nurse in care coordination and transition manage- ment provides nurses the opportunity to develop the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to be a resource to …

Teaching Culturally Sensitive Care To Dental Students: A Multidisciplinary Approach, Evelyn Donate-Bartfield, William K. Lobb, Toni M. Roucka

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Dental schools must prepare future dentists to deliver culturally sensitive care to diverse patient populations, but there is little agreement on how best to teach these skills to students. This article examines this question by exploring the historical and theoretical foundations of this area of education in dentistry, analyzes what is needed for students to learn to provide culturally sensitive care in a dental setting, and identifies the discipline-specific skills students must master to develop this competence. The problems associated with single-discipline, lecture-based approaches to teaching culturally sensitive care are outlined, and the advantages of an interdisciplinary, patient-centered, skills-based approach …

The Financial Burden Of Physical Inactivity, Li Li

Health Sciences & Kinesiology: Faculty Publications

According to the World Health Organization, “physical inactivity has been identified as the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality causing an estimated 3.2 million (annual) deaths globally.”¹

In the Research Highlight of the first issue of this journal, I reviewed the evidence which supports the notion that physical inactivity can cost lives, in terms of longevity and quality of life, especially in the last few years of our lives.² Here, I would like to review the literature that reveals the financial burden due to physical inactivity.

In a classic paper, Katzmarzyk and Janssen³ estimated that the …

Fighting The Down And Dirty Of Colon Rectal Ssis, Amy Wojcik Rn

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Developing Alternative Educational Modalities For The Operating Room, Jill N. Rothermel Rn

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Chronic Arsenic Exposure And Angiogenesis In Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Via The Ros/Mir-199a-5p/Hif-1Α/Cox-2 Pathway., Jun He, Min Wang, Yue Jiang, Qiudan Chen, Shaohua Xu, Qing Xu, Bing-Hua Jiang, Ling-Zhi Liu

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Background: Environmental and occupational exposure to arsenic is a major public health concern. Although it has been identified as a human carcinogen, the molecular mechanism underlying the arsenic-induced carcinogenesis is not well understood.Objectives: We aimed to determine the role and mechanisms of miRNAs in arsenic-induced tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth.Methods: We utilized an in vitro model in which human lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells were transformed through long-term exposure to arsenic. A human xenograft tumor model was established to assess tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth in vivo. Tube formation assay and chorioallantoic membranes assay were used to assess tumor angiogenesis.Results: We …

Rapid Single Cell Typing Using Sybr® Green Real-Time Pcr Together With Melt Curve Analysis For Sex Identification Of Porcine Sperm, Varaporn Korchunjit, Kampon Kaeoket, Yindee Kitiyanant, Tuempong Wongtawan

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Identification of X or Y chromosome is a very useful technique to verify the sex of boar sperm, but common methods used in pig such as Fluorescence In situ Hybridisation (FISH) and whole semen Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) have some limitations. FISH is highly accurate, but time-consuming (>3 days). Whole semen PCR is faster than FISH (3-6 h), but not highly accurate (approximate methods). The objective of this study was to develop a fast and highly accurate protocol to identify sex of boar sperm. In the present study, our team developed an alternative sex identification protocol using single cell …

Isoflurane Concentration When Compared With Intramuscular Morphine During Patellar Luxation Repair In Dogs, Pathompong Thapun, Sumit Durongphongtorn, Marissak Kalpravidh

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This clinical trial aimed to assess the intraoperative analgesic effect, based on the required minimum alveolarconcentration (MAC) of isoflurane, of transdermal fentanyl when compared with intramuscular morphine in dogsundergoing patellar luxation repair. Seventeen healthy dogs with grade II or grade III of medial patellar luxationwere randomly assigned to group M or group F, receiving a sham patch or a transdermal fentanyl patch (25 μg/h),respectively, applied on the skin at least 24 h prior to surgery. Three dogs had bilateral medial patellar luxation andwere then enrolled in both groups, resulting in ten animals for each group. Before surgery, group M dogs …

One-And-A-Half Syndrome : An Unusual Cause Of Dizziness, Daniel Haimowitz Md, Facp, Cmd, Catherine M. Glew Bm, Bs, Cmd, Yelena Schpigel Md

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Mobilizing Mechanically Ventilated Neuroscience Patients - A Clinical Practice Guideline To ‘Get Up And Go’, Bonnie Wasilowsky Bspa-Hca, Rn, Cnrn

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Ready-Set-Go! A Clinical Practice Guideline That Promotes Safe Care Of The Sedated Patient Before, During And After Transport, Kimberly A. Martin Rn, Cnrn, Jennifer Houp Rn, Cnrn

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Hot Topic: A Team Approach To Fire Safety Education, Jeanne P. Luke Msn, Rn, Cnor

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Creating Alternative Educational Modalities For The Operating Room, Jill N. Rothermel Rn

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

One Love, One Heart – Uniting Cardiac Surgery Programs Within A Network, Lori Fuehrer Rn, Hope L. Johnson Msn, Rn, Cnor

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Determinants Of Physical Activity In Arab American Children, Wearn Alkhatib Phd

Dissertations

Physical activity is an integral part of preventing and managing childhood and adolescent obesity. Lack of regular physical activity has negative impact on physical and psychosocial health. Arab Americans (AAs), one of the most rapidly growing minorities in United States, tend to have a high prevalence of obesity and low participation in physical activity. The purpose of this study was to describe determinants of physical activity, including self-efficacy, social support, physical environment, and selected demographics among AA children in Southern California. A descriptive correlational study using a cross sectional design was conducted. Self-administered questionnaires were completed by children (N=206) recruited …

Is Surgical Spinal Decompression For Supratentorial Gbm Symptomatic Drop Down Metastasis Warranted? A Case Report And Review Of Literature, Muhammad Babar Khan, Muhammad Riaz, Muhammad Ehsan Bari

Medical College Documents

Background: Symptomatic spinal metastasis from an intracranial primary
glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is very rare. Our literature search identified a total
of 42 such patients of which 11 were treated with surgical decompression for spinal metastasis with only one such report from the pediatric age group. Previous studies have reported variable outcomes after surgical management.

Case Description: We report the case of a 16‑year‑old boy who underwent
surgical spinal decompression for spinal metastasis after intracranial GBM. The
patient regained motor and autonomic function following surgery and reported
improvement in pain. We also present findings from a literature review using …

Readmission To Paediatric Intensive Care Unit: Frequency, Causes And Outcome, Muhammad Rehan Khan, Prem Kumar, Sumaira Iram, Anwarul Haque

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Readmission to intensive care units is considered to be an important quality indicator in ICU settings. This study was carried out at the paediatric intensive unit (PICU) and step down units of paediatric ward at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, to assess the frequency, common causes and outcome of patients readmitted in PICU within 48 hours after discharge from unit. During the study period, 1022 patients were admitted in PICU, out of which 24 (2.34%) patients required readmission. Male to female ratio was 1.2:1. The mean length of stay on paediatric floor before readmission was 24 hours. Fifteen …

Galvanic Vestibular Stimulator For Fmri Studies, Hellen M. Della-Justina, Tiago Manczak, Anderson M. Winkler, Dráulio Barros De Araújo, Mauren Abreu De Souza, Edson Amaro Junior, Humberto Remigio Gamba

School of Medicine Publications

INTRODUCTION: Areas of the brain that are associated with the vestibular system can be activated using galvanic vestibular stimulation. These areas can be studied through a combination of galvanic vestibular stimulation with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In order to provide an appropriate sequence of galvanic stimulation synchronous with the MRI pulse sequence, a specific electronic device that was built and assessed is presented.

METHODS: The electronic project of the GVS is divided in analog and digital circuits. The analog circuits are mounted in an aluminum case, supplied by sealed batteries, and goes inside the MRI room near to the …

Developmental Origins Of Cardiovascular Disease, Edwina H. Yeung, Candace Robledo, Nansi S. Boghossian, Cuilin Zhang, Pauline Mendola

School of Medicine Publications

Although cardiovascular disease has traditionally been viewed as a condition of aging individuals, increasing focus has turned to its developmental origins. Since birthweight has been related to cardiovascular disease risk, research into factors such as gravid conditions that affect fetal growth have grown. Associations between maternal diabetes and childhood obesity from sibling studies suggest a causal role but prospective studies of gestational diabetes remain mixed. Preeclampsia and increased offspring blood pressure has been consistently observed but evidence for other cardiovascular outcomes is lacking. While maternal obesity is associated with childhood obesity, causality remains unclear and paternal obesity should be investigated …

High Variability In Outcomes Of Two-Stage Exchange To Treat Periprosthetic Joint Infection, Benjamin Zmistowski, Bs, Paul Lichstein, Md, Aaron H Carter, Md, Joshua J. Minori, Do, Javad Parvizi, Md

Rothman Institute Conference Posters

Introduction:

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a challenging condition to manage with sobering morbidity and mortality.1,2 Treatment options range from simple irrigation and debridement with prosthetic retention to explantation and placement of a temporary cement spacer. Indictations for each option are unclear and non-uniform despite signi­cant efforts to understand the management outcomes. Until recently, a uniform de­nition of success was unavailable, thus clouding the discussion of treatment options. Two-stage exchange is currently considered the “gold-standard” in North America, yet an appropriate understanding of the actual success and ancillary effects of treatment is needed. With the advantage of an expert opinion …

The Efficacy Of Mathematics Education, Eric Geimer

The Transdisciplinary STEAM+ Journal

Evidence supports the notion that mathematics education in the United States is inadequate. There is also evidence that mathematics education deficiencies extend internationally. The worldwide mathematics education deficit appears large enough that improving student performance in this educational problem area could yield great economic benefit. To improve the efficacy of mathematics education, education’s root problems must first be understood. Often supposed educational root problems are considered and contrasted against potential deficiencies of mathematics methodologies and curricula that are based on mainstream educational philosophies. The educational philosophies utilized to form early-grade mathematics methodologies and related curricula are judged to be the …

Elderly Mental Health: Challenges And Promotion Strategies, Chak Yan, Isaac Kwok

International Conference: Overcoming Challenges in Active Ageing

No abstract provided.

U-54 Building Infrastructure Leading To Diversity (Build) National Institutes Of Health: Enhancing Cross-Disciplinary Infrastructure Training At Oregon, Carlos J. Crespo

Community Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

This presentation focuses on the NIH Building Infrastructure Leading to Diversity (BUILD) Initiative (U54) that was awarded to Portland State University.

Transcriptome Analysis Of Listeria Monocytogenes Exposed To Biocide Stress Reveals A Multi-System Response Involving Cell Wall Synthesis, Sugar Uptake, And Motility, Aidan Casey, Edward M. Fox, Stephan Schmitz-Esser, Aidan Coffey, Olivia Mcauliffe, Kieran Jordan

Department of Biological Sciences Publications

Listeria monocytogenes is a virulent food-borne pathogen most often associated with the consumption of “ready-to-eat” foods. The organism is a common contaminant of food processing plants where it may persist for extended periods of time. A commonly used approach for the control of Listeria monocytogenes in the processing environment is the application of biocides such as quaternary ammonium compounds. In this study, the transcriptomic response of a persistent strain of L. monocytogenes (strain 6179) on exposure to a sub-lethal concentration of the quaternary ammonium compound benzethonium chloride (BZT) was assessed. Using RNA-Seq, gene expression levels were quantified by sequencing …

Abrogation Of Tnfα Production During Cancer Immunotherapy Is Crucial For Suppressing Side Effects Due To The Systemic Expression Of Il-12, Bibiana Barrios, Natalia S. Baez, Della Reynolds, Pablo Iribarren, Hugo Cejas, Howard A. Young, Maria Cecilia Rodriguez-Galan

United States Public Health Resources

For more than a decade, the cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12) has been utilized, either alone or in combination with other drugs, as a treatment for cancer. The numerous anti-tumor properties of IL-12 still generate interest in the clinical use of this cytokine, even though it has demonstrated toxicity when administrated systemically. As an approach to overcome this toxicity, numerous laboratories have attempted to induce IL-12 expression at the site of the tumor. However for tumors that are difficult to remove surgically or for the treatment of disseminated metastases, systemic expression of this cytokine still remains as the most efficient method of …

A Head Start Farm To Family Pilot Program Increased Fruit And Vegetable Intake Among Families, Carmen J. Byker, Courtney A. Pinard, Susan F. Clark, Elena L. Serrano

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

Fresh Produce, Fresh Start was a pilot farm to family study which tested the effectiveness of a local produce delivery program on dietary intake of Head Start participants. Utilizing a pre-test/post-test design, measures collected from Head Start parents included 24-hour recall of dietary intake, height and weight, and a food security questionnaire. Intent-to-treat analysis was conducted using paired t-tests. Significant increases were found in intake of vitamin A, vitamin C, fiber, vegetable, and fruit and vegetable servings combined (p < .05) for participants (N = 51). In particular, fruit and vegetable intake increased by 1.4 servings per day. Food security status and weight status did not significantly change. Results indicate that a produce delivery program has potential to improve dietary intake of Head Start families and, possibly, other populations, impacting lifelong consumption habits

Full Issue, Volume 2, Number 1, Donna J. Peterson

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

No abstract provided.

Spatiotemporal Expression Of Manf In The Developing Rat Brain, Haiping Wang, Zunji Ke, Alexander Alimov, Mei Xu, Jacqueline A. Frank, Shengyun Fang, Jia Luo

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is an evolutionarily conserved neurotrophic factor which exhibited neuroprotective properties. Recent studies suggested that MANF may play a role in the neural development of Drosophila and zebra fishes. In this study, we investigated the spatiotemporal expression of MANF in the brain of postnatal and adult rats. MANF expression appeared wide spread and mainly localized in neurons. In the cerebral cortex, neurons in layer IV and VI displayed particularly strong MANF immunoreactivity. In the hippocampus, intensive MANF expression was observed throughout the subfields of Cornu Amonis (CA1, CA2, and CA3) and the granular layer of the …

Troubled By Heterogeneity? Control, Infrastructure & Participation In Social Epidemiology And Life Course Development, Peter J. Taylor

Working Papers on Science in a Changing World

This working paper presents the panels of a poster prepared for a conference, “Complex Systems, Health Disparities, and Population Health: Building Bridges,” held at NIH in Bethesda, MD in February 2014. Just as poster presenters hope viewers stop and talk, my aim in sharing the panels as a working paper is to elicit more conversation about different kinds of heterogeneity and the ways they are addressed or suppressed in social epidemiology and life course development. The thinking behind this concern is as follows. The two foundational developments of modern biology—the theories of evolution by natural selection and the genetic basis …