Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Vaccines Within Vaccines: The Use Of Adenovirus Types 4 And 7 As Influenza Vaccine Vectors, Eric A. Weaver

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Adenovirus Types 4 and 7 (Ad4 and Ad7) are associated with acute respiratory distress (ARD). In order to prevent widespread Ad-associated ARD (Ad-ARD) the United States military immunizes new recruits using a safe and effective lyophilized wildtype Ad4 and Ad7 delivered orally in an enteric-coated capsule. We cloned Ad4 and Ad7 and modified them to express either a GFP-Luciferase (GFPLuc) fusion gene or a centralized influenza H1 hemagglutinin (HA1-con). BALB/c mice were injected with GFPLuc expressing viruses intramuscularly (i.m.) and intranasally (i.n.). Ad4 induced significantly higher luciferase expression levels as compared with Ad7 by both routes. Ad7 transduction was restored …

Genetics Of Peripheral Vestibular Dysfunction: Lessons From Mutant Mouse Strains, Sherri M. Jones, Timothy A. Jones

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications

Background

A considerable amount of research has been published about genetic hearing impairment. Fifty to sixty percent of hearing loss is thought to have a genetic cause. Genes may also play a significant role in acquired hearing loss due to aging, noise exposure, or ototoxic medications. Between 1995 and 2012, over 100 causative genes have been identified for syndromic and nonsyndromic forms of hereditary hearing loss (see Hereditary Hearing Loss Homepage http://hereditaryhearingloss.org). Mouse models have been extremely valuable in facilitating the discovery of hearing loss genes, and in understanding inner ear pathology due to genetic mutations or elucidating fundamental mechanisms …

Xiap Antagonist Embelin Inhibited Proliferation Of Cholangiocarcinoma Cells., Cody J. Wehrkamp, Ashley R. Gutwein, Sathish Kumar Natarajan, Mary Anne Phillippi, Justin L. Mott

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Cholangiocarcinoma cells are dependent on antiapoptotic signaling for survival and resistance to death stimuli. Recent mechanistic studies have revealed that increased cellular expression of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) impairs TRAIL- and chemotherapy-induced cytotoxicity, promoting survival of cholangiocarcinoma cells. This study was undertaken to determine if pharmacologic antagonism of XIAP protein was sufficient to sensitize cholangiocarcinoma cells to cell death. We employed malignant cholangiocarcinoma cell lines and used embelin to antagonize XIAP protein. Embelin treatment resulted in decreased XIAP protein levels by 8 hours of treatment with maximal effect at 16 hours in KMCH and Mz-ChA-1 …

Ventricular Myocyte Contraction, Calcium Transport And Expression Of Genes Encoding Cardiac Muscle Proteins In Type 2 Diabetic Rats Fed A Sucrose-Enriched Diet, Eslam Mohamed Gaber El Nebrisi

Theses

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is currently the fastest growing disease in the world. The prevalence of DM has increased worldwide and is expected to double within 20 years. The UAE is ranked 15^th worldwide, with 18.98% of the UAE population living with diabetes. Six Middle East North Africa (MENA) region countries – Bahrain, Egypt, Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates (UAE) - are among the world’s 10 highest for prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance. This represents a huge cost to society in terms of morbidity and mortality, and economically through lost productivity and cost burden on …

Are Cardiovascular Risk Factors Responsible For The U-Shaped Relationship Between Running And Longevity? The Masters Athletic Study, Adrian C. Bell Do, Courtney Bennett Do, Martin E. Matsumura Md

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

First Results From Application Of An Absorbable Synthetic Membrane To Superficial And Deep Second Degree Burn Wounds, Sigrid A. Blome-Eberwein Md, Hamed Amani Md, Daniel D. Lozano Md, Deborah Boorse Rn, Cnp, Patrick Pagella Rn, Cnp

Department of Surgery

No abstract provided.

Veterinary Education Status Toward Asean 2015, Achariya Sailasuta

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Veterinary education has been established in many ASEAN countries. The curriculums produce thousands of veterinarians each year to meet the demands of each country. Among ASEAN countries, there are veterinary schools in 8 out of 10 countries, and no veterinary school in Brunei Darussaram and Singapore. Since agriculture is one the main industries in the ASEAN countries, the need for veterinary practices in the treatment, prevention and control animal diseases is necessary. The goal is to establish suitable veterinary curriculum to produce well-trained veterinarians and develop advances in veterinary research. Therefore, each country has its own established DVM programs with …

Sources And Disseminations Of Salmonella Spp. In An Integrated Broiler Meat Production, Nion Boonprasert, Suphachai Nuanualsuwan, Chaiwat Pulsrikarn, Sarinya Pornaem, Nipa Chokesajjawatee

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

In this study, important sources and disseminations of Salmonella in integrated broiler meat production was conducted in the north-eastern part of Thailand during 2010-2012. Both environmental samples and chicken-related samples from three broiler meat production cycles, starting from breeder farm, hatchery, broiler farm, and slaughterhouse were collected. The chicken-related samples were tested to monitor Salmonella status of the chickens, eggs, or whole carcasses, whereas the environmental samples were tested to investigate the possible sources of Salmonella contamination. A total of 1,449 chicken-related samples and 802 environmental samples were analyzed. Results of this study showed that Salmonella was found in all …

Molecular Characterization And Expression Analysis Of Mir-29a In Porcine Cells And Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infected Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells, Win Surachetpong, Sunaree Nantakhruea, Porntippa Lekcharoensuk

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

MicroRNAs are a group of small non-coding RNA that are involved in posttranscriptional regulation through target mRNA degradation or inhibition of protein synthesis. The objective of this present study was to characterize and determine expression level of porcine miR-29a in various tissues. Our results indicated that porcine miR-29a shared high conserved sequence with miR-29a from other organisms. Furthermore, in silico analysis suggested that the seed region of porcine miR-29a partially matched IFN-γ mRNA. RT-PCR analysis indicated that miR-29a expressed in various tissues including lymph node, spleen, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and PK-15 cells. Expression profiling of miR-29a in PRRSV-infected …

Transvenous Pacemaker Implantation In A Schnauzer With Sick Sinus Syndrome, Amornrate Sastravaha, Kriengkrai Jirasirirojanakorn, Jatuporn Noosud, Taksaon Duangurai, Tanhatai Krajarngjang, Wijit Sutthiprapa, Sirirat Niyom, Naris Thengchaisri

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A fourteen-year-old female neutered Schnauzer was presented to the hospital with multiple syncopal episodes for two weeks. The dog appeared fatigue and sleepy but remained responsive. Clinical examination revealed bradycardia and irregular pulse. Electrocardiography showed sinus rhythm with repetitively long episodes of sinus arrest over 3 seconds, indicating sick sinus syndrome. The dog eventually underwent a transvenous single chamber permanent pacemaker. She was followed up for a month after surgery without recurrent syncope and irregular heart rate.

Molecular Study Of The Prevalence Of Leptospira Spp. Serovar Hardjo In Blood Samples Of Iranian Cattle And Sheep, Faham Khamesipour, Abbas Doosti, Esmaeil Omrani

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Leptospira is an emerging global public health problem which involves both animals and human. The aim of this study was to appraise the presence of Leptospira DNA in blood samples from cattle and sheep via Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method in Chaharmahal VaBakhtiari and Isfahan provinces of Iran. One hundred and ninety five samples (92 blood samples of cattle and 103 blood samples of sheep) were collected randomly from clinical healthy animals. DNA was extracted from the blood samples and stored at -20°C before examination. PCR reaction was performed for detection of Leptospira DNA using specific primers for 16s rRNA …

Recurrent Rumen Tympany Caused By Trichobezoars In Buffaloes (Bubalus Bubalis): A Series Report, Ashraf M. Abu-Seida, Oday S. Al-Abbadi

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This series report was carried out for 3 years on 15 buffaloes suffering from recurrent rumen tympany associated with trichobezoars. Full case history, thorough clinical examination, ferroscopy, and vaginal and trans-rectal examination were carried out in all cases. The affected buffaloes were treated with rumenotomy. All cases were lactating buffaloes and had heavy hair coat. The age of affected buffaloes ranged between 5-10 years. Clinical signs included anorexia, depression, sharp decrease in milk yield, intermittent respiratory distress, recurrent rumen tympany and dehydration. Hematological and biochemical analyses revealed leukocytosis, hypokalemia and hypochloremia. Rumenotomy was curative in all cases and revealed trichobezoars …

Effects Of Effective Microorganisms On Growth Performances, Ammonia Reduction, Hematological Changes And Shedding Of Salmonella Enterica And Campylobacter Spp. In Broilers, Chackrit Nuengjamnong, Taradon Luangtongkum

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of effective microorganisms (EM) product on ammonia reduction, growth performances, Salmonella and Campylobacter reduction and hematological changes in broilers. Five hundred and ninety four day-old female Arbor Acres were divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates in each group. Group 1 was the control group, while groups 2 and 3 received EM product in forms of daily spraying at 1:50 EM solution/m2 on litter and in drinking water at 1:800 dilution, respectively. Ammonia concentrations were measured weekly, while blood samples were collected at 21 and 42 days of age for …

Well-Differentiated Squamous Cell Carcinoma In A Captive Clouded Leopard (Neofelis Nebulosa), Sawang Kesdangsakonwut, Saowaphang Sanannu, Anudep Rungsipipat, Wijit Banlunar

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignant neoplasm of keratinized epithelial cell affecting both domestic and wild animals. A few cases of SCC have been reported in wild felids. A fifteen year old, intact female, clouded leopard showed signs of lameness and swelling of the right hind paw, which upon physical examination was noted to contain an abscess. Surgical biopsy of the site revealed a well-differentiated SCC. Attempts at surgical excision and cryosurgery proved unsuccessful and there was a recurrence of the mass. Therefore, mid-femoral amputation was performed. Macroscopically, the amputated limb revealed multiple dermal, cavitated whitish masses. Microscopically, the …

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Molecular Characterization Of Pasteurella Multocida Isolates That Cause Haemorrhagic Septicaemia In Thailand Using Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis, Apasara Worarach, Gumtorn Promto, Pornpen Pathanasophon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Pasteurella multocida causes haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS), which is a severe epidemic disease in cattle and buffaloes. In this study, serological typing, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were used to characterize 87 HS isolates caused by P. multocida from cattle and buffaloes during 1989 to 2011 in comparison with Thai and Laotian vaccine strains and the reference P. multocida strain P1256. The results of serotyping showed that the majority of the isolates (88.5%) belonged to serotype B: 2 (n = 77) while 11.5% shared with serotype B: 2, 5 (n = 10). MIC results showed that 100% …

Relationship Between Rr And Qt Intervals In Normal And Pacing-Induced Heart Failure Dogs, Vudhiporn Limprasutr, Nakkawee Saengklub, Suwanakiet Sawangkoon, Chollada Buranakarl, Narongsak Chaiyabutr, Anusak Kijtawornrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study was conducted to determine the effects of rapid ventricular pacing on cardiac function and hemodynamics, and to determine the most suitable QTc formula for the effects of alterations in the RR interval on the QT interval of conscious dog with heart failure (HF). Electrocardiograms were acquired from dogs (n=18) at baseline and after rapid ventricular pacing (6, 9, 12 weeks). RR and QT intervals were measured and QTc intervals were calculated using 3 common formulae (Bazett, Fridericia and Van de Water). HF was confirmed by reduced left ventricular fractional shortening (p<0.05), significantly faster heart rate (p<0.001) and significantly changed QT and QTc intervals (p<0.001) when compared to the baseline. This model also demonstrated decreased systolic arterial pressure (p<0.01) and increased BNP (p<0.05). The appropriate regression equations were QT = 152.4+0.08RR for normal dogs and QT = 32.3 (RR) 0.29 for HF dogs. In normal dogs, the Van de Water formula reveals the least dependency of QTc on RR interval. In HF dogs, the Fridericia formula appears to be the best equation to remove the influence of heart rate.

Serological And Molecular Characterization Of Streptococcus Iniae In Cultured Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) In Thailand, Sasibha Jantrakajorn, Mintra Lukkana, Janenuj Wongtavatchai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Streptococcus iniae infections developed in on-growing tilapia farms located in the northeastern and central regions of Thailand during 2003-2011. In the present study, S. iniae isolates recovered from diseased tilapia were investigated using biochemical, serological and molecular techniques. Biochemical characterization showed different profiles. The arginine dihydrolase (ADH) activity was distinctive between S. iniae, isolates obtained from the outbreaks in central region were ADH-positive (ADH+ve) while northeastern isolates were ADH-negative (ADH-ve). The serological assay demonstrated corresponding results to the ADH activity. Serotype I and serotype II were ascribed to the ADH+ve and ADH-ve isolates, respectively. Despite the serotypic differences, phylogenetic analysis …

Clinical Effect Of Glucosamine And Chondroitin Contained Nutraceutical On Osteoarthritis In Dogs After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture Surgical Repair, Prach Maihasap, Kumpanart Soontornwipart, Natee Techaarpornkul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfates arekey structural components of extracellular fluid in articular cartilage. From previous studies, glucosamine and chondroitin sulfates have several positive effects on cartilage homeostasis and are used in osteoarthritis patients. Although glucosamine and chondroitin sulfates have some positive effects on clinical treatment of osteoarthritis, clinical results still need to be investigated. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes on lameness score, radiological score, serum WF6 level and serum HA level of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfates in osteoarthritic dogs, using anterior cruciate ligament rupture patients as study models of osteoarthritis (n=12). The results from …

Reintroduction And Behavioral Observations Of Chinese Gorals (Naemorhedus Griseus) In Natural Conditions, Nithidol Buranapim, Narit Sitasuwan, Adisorn Kongprempoon, Keeta Korkusol, Boripat Siriaroonrat, Sumate Kamolnorranath

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The study of the ecology and behavior of gorals (Naemorhedus griseus) was conducted in Maelao-Maesae Wildlife Sanctuary, Chiang Mai Province during July 2012 – July 2013. The behavioral patterns of the gorals were observed using focal-scan sampling and descriptive methods. Results showed that the seven most common behavioral patterns were standing, walking, resting, grooming, scratching, feeding (foraging), and ruminating. Twelve plants were recognized as goral food based on direct field observations. Overall land area used by the gorals in this study was 81,124 m2. The highest number of gorals was found in dipterocarp forests, followed by deciduous forests and the …

Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment Of Salmonella In Surface Water As A Source Of Tap Water, Paweeranut Banmairuroy, Phattharaporn Chaichana, Chaiwat Pulsrikarn, Suphachai Nuanualsuwan

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Salmonella spp. is fecal-orally transmitted and readily spread into the environment. Little is known about risk of utilizing surface water in Thailand. Quantitative microbial risk assessment has been used to estimate the risk of waterborne salmonellosis. For hazard characterization, beta-Poisson model was employed to describe the relationship between dose of Salmonella from water exposure and salmonellosis. Prevalence and concentration of Salmonella in the surface water including water exposure were used to model probability of exposure. The probabilistic prevalence was described by beta distribution and the range of mean Salmonella prevalences of the surface water along rivers were between 8.33% and …

Subjective But Not Objective Numeracy Influences Willingness To Pay For Brca1/2 Genetic Testing, Talya Miron-Shatz, Yaniv Hanoch, Glen Doniger, Zehra Omer, Elissa M. Ozanne

Dartmouth Scholarship

A positive test result for BRCA1/2 gene mutation is a substantial risk factor for breast and ovarian cancer. However, testing is not always covered by insurance, even for high risk women. Variables affecting willingness to pay (WTP) have implications for clinic-based and direct-to-consumer testing. The relative impact of objective and subjective numeracy on WTP, in the context of worry, perceived risk (of having the mutation and developing breast cancer) and family history, was examined in 299 high-risk women, not previously tested for BRCA1/2. Objective and subjective numeracy correlated positively with one another, yet only subjective numeracy correlated (positively) with …

Therapeutic Implications Of Estrogen For Cerebral Vasospasm And Delayed Cerebral Ischemia Induced By Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage., Dale Ding, Robert M Starke, Aaron S Dumont, Gary K Owens, David M Hasan, Nohra Chalouhi, Md, Ricky Medel, Chih-Lung Lin

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Cerebral vasospasm (CV) remains the leading cause of delayed morbidity and mortality following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). However, increasing evidence supports etiologies of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) other than CV. Estrogen, specifically 17 β -estradiol (E2), has potential therapeutic implications for ameliorating the delayed neurological deterioration which follows aneurysmal SAH. We review the causes of CV and DCI and examine the evidence for E2-mediated vasodilation and neuroprotection. E2 potentiates vasodilation by activating endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), preventing increased inducible NOS (iNOS) activity caused by SAH, and decreasing endothelin-1 production. E2 provides neuroprotection by increasing thioredoxin expression, decreasing c-Jun N-terminal …

Family Planning Versus Contraception: What's In A Name?, Maria I. Rodríguez, Lale Say, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Fontan Fenestration On Regional Venous Oxygen Saturation During Exercise: Further Insights Into Fontan Fenestration Closure, Rohit S. Loomba, Michael E. Danduran, Jennifer E. Dixon, Rohit P. Rao

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Fontan fenestration closure is a topic of great debate. The body of data regarding the risks and benefits of fenestration closure is limited yet growing. Previous studies have demonstrated that Fontan patients have less exercise capacity than those with normal cardiovascular anatomy. Differences also have been noted within various subgroups of Fontan patients such as whether Fontan is fenestrated or not. This study aimed to compare trends in regional oxygen saturations using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in patients with Fontan circulations during ramping exercise to further delineate differences between patients with and without a fenestration. It was hypothesized that Fontan patients …

Assessing The Impact Of Water Filters And Improved Cook Stoves On Drinking Water Quality And Household Air Pollution: A Randomised Controlled Trial In Rwanda, Ghislaine Rosa, Fiona Majorin, Sophie Boisson, Christina Barstow, Michael Johnson, Miles Kirby, Fidele Ngabo, Evan A. Thomas, Thomas Clasen

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Diarrhea and respiratory infections remain the biggest killers of children under 5 years in developing countries. We conducted a 5-month household randomised controlled trial among 566 households in rural Rwanda to assess uptake, compliance and impact on environmental exposures of a combined intervention delivering high-performance water filters and improved stoves for free. Compliance was measured monthly by self-report and spot-check observations. Semicontinuous 24-h PM2.5 monitoring of the cooking area was conducted in a random subsample of 121 households to assess household air pollution, while samples of drinking water from all households were collected monthly to assess the levels of thermotolerant …

Spring 2014

Scientia

Q&A with Dean Koocher; Proud graduate discovers love of learning at DePaul; Intrepid biologist inspires lifelong lessons; Student organization spotlight: Psi Chi; Smart phones and synthetic bone capture Associate Professor Gabriela Gonzalez Aviles' interest; All for DePaul; Lab notes

Orientation Via Enclosure Geometry By Blind-Folded Adults: Evidence Against View-Based Matching Theories Of Spatial Orientation, Marshall L. Green, Katherine A. Gaskin, Jonathan E. Roberts, Bradley R. Sturz

Psychology: Faculty Presentations (2009-2022)

Although spatial orientation via geometric properties of an environment is an ability shared across species, debate remains concerning similarities and differences in the underlying mechanism(s). One theoretical account of spatial orientation suggests that participants match visual memories to current visual perception and navigate to reduce discrepancy between the two. We tested a view-based matching account of spatial orientation by training disoriented and blind-folded human participants to search by touch for a target object hidden in one of four locations marked by distinctive textural cues located in the corners of a rectangular enclosure. Following training, we removed the distinctive textural cues …

An Asymmetry In Shape And Shape Word Interference: Evidence For Core Geometric Knowledge, Joshua E. Edwards, Ty W. Boyer, Bradley R. Sturz

Psychology: Faculty Presentations (2009-2022)

Nativists have postulated fundamental geometric knowledge that predates linguistic and symbolic thought. Central to these claims is the existence of an isolated cognitive system dedicated to processing geometric information. Testing such hypotheses presents challenges due to difficulties in eliminating the combination of geometric and non-geometric information through language. We present evidence using a modified matching interference paradigm that an incongruent shape word interferes with identifying a shape, but an incongruent shape does not interfere with identifying a shape word. This asymmetry in shape and shape word interference suggests that shape words activate spatial representations of shapes but shapes do not …

Nasal T Cell Lymphoma: A Rare Entity, Maliha Kazi, Mubasher Ikram, Montasir Junaid

Section of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery

Nasal type of Natural Killer (NK)/T cell lymphoma manifests in the nasal cavity. Approximately 95% of them are associated with EBV(Ebstein Barr Virus) with a strong predilection for the Asian population. It has certain systemic and localized symptoms which aid in diagnosis of the condition. However, the histological criteria is pivotal in confirming the diagnosis as well as aiding in confirming the association of EBV. Nasal type of NK/T cell lymphoma has a guarded prognosis. Treatment plan include radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy. Despite all this, the 5-year survival rate ranges from 15-75%. A 35 years old male presented with an …