Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Use Of Behavior Specific Praise And The Caught Being Good Game To Improve Class-Wide Behavior, Emily Rhodes

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study evaluated the relative contributions of behavior specific praise statements (BSPS) and the Caught Being Good Game (CBGG) on class-wide appropriate behaviors and examined teacher use of BSPS and corrective feedback. It also evaluated if changes in class-wide behaviors are maintained during follow-up and generalized to non-target academic periods. Data on teacher use of BSPS were also collected during follow-up and generalization probes to examine if the teachers continued to use BSPS during follow-up and generalize their use of BSPS to non-target academic periods. A multiple-baseline design across classrooms with an ABC sequence was used to evaluate the outcomes …

Using Online Digital Tools And Video To Support International Problem-Based Learning, Susanne P. Lajoie, Cindy E. Hmelo-Silver, Jeffrey G. Wiseman, Lap Ki Chan, Jingyan Lu, Chesta Khurana, Ilian Cruz-Panesso, Eric Poitras, Maedeh Kazemitabar

Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning

The goal of this study is to examine how to facilitate cross-cultural groups in problem-based learning (PBL) using online digital tools and videos. The PBL consisted of two video-based cases used to trigger student-learning issues about giving bad news to HIV-positive patients. Mixed groups of medical students from Canada and Hong Kong worked with facilitators from each country along with an expert facilitator. The study used AdobeConnect to support the international model through synchronous video interaction and shared applications. This study examines strategies and challenges in facilitating PBL across distance and cultures. Discourse was analyzed using both an inductive and …

Overt Responses During Covert Orienting., Brian D Corneil, Douglas P Munoz

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

A distributed network of cortical and subcortical brain areas controls our oculomotor behavior. This network includes the superior colliculus (SC), which coordinates an ancient visual grasp reflex via outputs that ramify widely within the brainstem and spinal cord, accessing saccadic and other premotor and autonomic circuits. In this Review, we discuss recent results correlating subliminal SC activity in the absence of saccades with diverse components of the visual grasp reflex, including neck and limb muscle recruitment, pupil dilation, and microsaccade propensity. Such subtle manifestations of covert orienting are accessible in the motor periphery and may provide the next generation of …

Motor Cortex Electrical Stimulation Augments Sprouting Of The Corticospinal Tract And Promotes Recovery Of Motor Function, Jason B. Carmel, John H. Martin

Publications and Research

The corticospinal system—with its direct spinal pathway, the corticospinal tract (CST) – is the primary system for controlling voluntary movement. Our approach to CST repair after injury in mature animals was informed by our finding that activity drives establishment of connections with spinal cord circuits during postnatal development. After incomplete injury in maturity, spared CST circuits sprout, and partially restore lost function. Our approach harnesses activity to augment this injury-dependent CST sprouting and to promote function. Lesion of the medullary pyramid unilaterally eliminates all CST axons from one hemisphere and allows examination of CST sprouting from the unaffected hemisphere. We …

Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome In Methadone Exposed Infants: Role Of Genetic Variability, Andrea L. Fielder, J. K. Coller, M. R. Hutchinson, Ross R. Haslam, Nona Lu, Susan C. Adeniyi-Jones, Michelle Ehrlich, Walter K. Kraft

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Posters

Poster presented at: CPDD Scientific Meeting, San Juan, PR.

Aims: NAS incidence & severity in infants exposed to methadone during gestation is independent of maternal methadone dose. The incidence & severity of NAS could be in part due to genetic variability of key genetic loci related to opioid response; the interleukin-1beta (IL-1B) & mu opioid receptor (OPRM1) genes. This study aimed to investigate the impact of genetic variability in IL-1B -31 or OPRM1 A118G on NAS incidence (treatment required) & severity (dose of morphine).

Methods: This pilot study collected cheek cells from 71 methadone exposed infants; 46 …

Oncology Nurses' Suggestions For Improving Obstacles In End-Of-Life Care, Rosanne Johnson Oliver

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this paper was to determine the most important changes needed to improve the quality of end-of-life (EOL) care to terminal cancer patients as perceived by experienced oncology nurses. The study was designed as a cross-sectional survey, sampling 1,000 Oncology Nursing Society members from the United States with experience caring for inpatient cancer patients, who could read English, and had experience in EOL care. Eligible nurses responded to an open-ended item sent to them as part of a mailed questionnaire. Nurses were asked to respond to the following question: “If you had the ability to change just one …

Intrinsic Innate Immunity Fails To Control Herpes Simplex Virus And Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Replication In Sensory Neurons And Fibroblasts, Pamela C. Rosato, David A. Leib

Dartmouth Scholarship

Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) establishes lifelong latent infections in the sensory neurons of the trigeminal ganglia (TG), wherein it retains the capacity to reactivate. The interferon (IFN)-driven antiviral response is critical for the control of HSV-1 acute replication. We therefore sought to further investigate this response in TG neurons cultured from adult mice deficient in a variety of IFN signaling components. Parallel experiments were also performed in fibroblasts isolated concurrently. We showed that HSV-1 replication was comparable in wild-type (WT) and IFN signaling-deficient neurons and fibroblasts. Unexpectedly, a similar pattern was observed for the IFN-sensitive vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). …

What's New In Spine Surgery., Keith H Bridwell, Paul A Anderson, Scott D Boden, Han Jo Kim, Alexander Vaccaro, Md, Phd, Jeffrey C Wang

Rothman Institute Papers

No abstract provided.

Global Rules For Global Health: Why We Need An Independent, Impartial Who, Devi Sridhar, Julio Frenk, Lawrence O. Gostin, Suerie Moon

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Over the past few years the World Health Organization (WHO) has been undergoing a significant reform process. The immediate trigger was a budget crisis in 2010 that spurred massive lay-offs at the global agency. But at a more fundamental level, deeper systematic changes in global health governance have made reform imperative. While WHO reform draws relatively little attention outside diplomatic circles in Geneva, at stake are critical issues that will impact public health everywhere. This article’s key messages are:

• Recent outbreaks of MERS highlight the need for a global response to infectious disease
• The WHO has had a crucial role …

Targeting The Wnt/Β-Catenin Signaling Pathway In Liver Cancer Stem Cells And Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines With Fh535, Roberto Gedaly, Roberto Galuppo, Michael F. Daily, Malay B. Shah, Erin Colleen Maynard, Changguo Chen, Xiping Zhang, Karyn A. Esser, Donald A. Cohen, B. Mark Evers, Jieyun Jiang, Brett T. Spear

Surgery Faculty Publications

Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway has been observed in at least 1/3 of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), and a significant number of these have mutations in the β-catenin gene. Therefore, effective inhibition of this pathway could provide a novel method to treat HCC. The purposed of this study was to determine whether FH535, which was previously shown to block the β-catenin pathway, could inhibit β-catenin activation of target genes and inhibit proliferation of Liver Cancer Stem Cells (LCSC) and HCC cell lines. Using β-catenin responsive reporter genes, our data indicates that FH535 can inhibit target gene activation by endogenous and exogenously …

Physiological And Behavioural Responses To Noxious Stimuli In The Atlantic Cod (Gadus Morhua), Jared R. Eckroth, Øyvind Aas-Hansen, Lynne U. Sneddon, Helena Bichão, Kjell B. Døving

Aquaculture Collection

In the present study, our aim was to compare physiological and behavioural responses to different noxious stimuli to those of a standardized innocuous stimulus, to possibly identify aversive responses indicative of injury detection in a commercially important marine teleost fish, the Atlantic cod. Individual fish were administered with a noxious stimulus to the lip under short-term general anaesthesia (MS-222). The noxious treatments included injection of 0.1% or 2% acetic acid, 0.005% or 0.1% capsaicin, or piercing the lip with a commercial fishing hook. Counts of opercular beat rate (OBR) at 10, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min and observations of …

Neural Synchrony Examined With Magnetoencephalography (Meg) During Eye Gaze Processing In Autism Spectrum Disorders: Preliminary Findings, Renée Lajiness-O'Neill, Annette E. Richard, Joh E. Moran, Amy Olszewski, Lesley Pawluk, Daniel Jacobson, Alfred Mansour, Kelly Vogt, Laszlo A. Erdodi

Dartmouth Scholarship

Gaze processing deficits are a seminal, early, and enduring behavioral deficit in autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, a comprehensive characterization of the neural processes mediating abnormal gaze processing in ASD has yet to be conducted. This study investigated whole-brain patterns of neural synchrony during passive viewing of direct and averted eye gaze in ASD adolescents and young adults (M Age  = 16.6) compared to neurotypicals (NT) (MAge  = 17.5) while undergoing magnetoencephalography. Coherence between each pair of 54 brain regions within each of three frequency bands (low frequency (0 to 15 Hz), beta (15 to 30 Hz), …

Trauma-Informed Research And Planning: Understanding Government And Urban Native Community Partnerships To Addressing Substance-Exposed Pregnancies In Portland, Or, Amanda Mercier

Dissertations and Theses

In 2011, representatives from the Multnomah County Health Departments and several Native-serving organizations came together to address substance-exposed pregnancies among urban Native Americans in Portland, Oregon. From these partnerships, the Future Generations Collaborative was formed representing a significant shift toward community-led maternal child health research and planning. Additionally, the Future Generations Collaborative adopted a historical trauma-informed community based participatory research and planning process. This is particularly significant considering government agencies' role in colonization within Native communities. The purpose of this case study is to explore partnerships between government agencies and the Portland Native community within the Future Generations Collaborative. Given …

College Of Public Health News, Georgia Southern University

College of Public Health: News & Publications

• Simple Tests

Evaluation Of The Power And Type 1 Error Of Recently Proposed Family-Based Tests Of Assocations For Rare Variants, Allison Hainline, Carolina Alvarez, Alexander Luedtke, Brian Greco, Andrew Beck, Nathan L. Tintle

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

Until very recently, few methods existed to analyze rare-variant association with binary phenotypes in complex pedigrees. We consider a set of recently proposed methods applied to the simulated and real hypertension phenotype as part of the Genetic Analysis Workshop 18. Minimal power of the methods is observed for genes containing variants with weak effects on the phenotype. Application of the methods to the real hypertension phenotype yielded no genes meeting a strict Bonferroni cutoff of significance. Some prior literature connects 3 of the 5 most associated genes (p <1 × 10−4) to hypertension or related phenotypes. Further methodological development is needed to extend these methods to handle covariates, and to explore more powerful test alternatives.

Evaluating The Concordance Between Sequencing, Imputation And Microarray Genotype Calls In The Gaw18 Data, Ally Rogers, Andrew Beck, Nathan L. Tintle

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

Genotype errors are well known to increase type I errors and/or decrease power in related tests of genotypephenotype association, depending on whether the genotype error mechanism is associated with the phenotype. These relationships hold for both single and multimarker tests of genotype-phenotype association. To assess the potential for genotype errors in Genetic Analysis Workshop 18 (GAW18) data, where no gold standard genotype calls are available, we explored concordance rates between sequencing, imputation, and microarray genotype calls. Our analysis shows that missing data rates for sequenced individuals are high and that there is a modest amount of called genotype discordance between …

Genetic Analysis Workshop 18: Methods And Strategies For Analyzing Human Sequence And Phenotype Data In Members Of Extended Pedigrees, Heike Bickeboller, Julia N. Bailey, Joseph Beyene, Rita M. Cantor, Heather J. Cordell, Robert C. Culverhouse, Corinne D. Engelman, David W. Fardo, Saurabh Ghosh, Inke R. Konig, Justo Lorenzo Bermejo, Phillip E. Melton, Stephanie A. Santorico, Glen A. Satten, Lei Sun, Nathan L. Tintle, Andreas Ziegler, Jean W. Maccluer, Laura Almasy

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

Genetic Analysis Workshop 18 provided a platform for developing and evaluating statistical methods to analyze whole-genome sequence data from a pedigree-based sample. In this article we present an overview of the data sets and the contributions that analyzed these data. The family data, donated by the Type 2 Diabetes Genetic Exploration by Next-Generation Sequencing in Ethnic Samples Consortium, included sequence-level genotypes based on sequencing and imputation, genome-wide association genotypes from prior genotyping arrays, and phenotypes from longitudinal assessments. The contributions from individual research groups were extensively discussed before, during, and after the workshop in theme-based discussion groups before being submitted …

Children's Adaptation To Electropalatography: Evidence From Acoustic Analysis Of /T/ And /K/, Kara Brianne Knapp

Theses and Dissertations

Electropalatography (EPG) is a computer-based device that uses a fitted pseudopalate (similar to an orthodontic retainer) with embedded electrodes to track tongue-to-palate contact during speech for the purposes of providing treatment for a variety of communication disorders. This study evaluated six elementary school-aged children's ability to adapt their speech to the presence of the pseudopalate in their mouth. The participants' adaptation for the consonants /t/ and /k/ was examined over eight time intervals throughout a two and half hour time period. Adaptation was evaluated by measuring the duration, spectral mean, spectral variance, and relative intensity of the target sounds. The …

Application Of Family-Based Tests Of Association For Rare Variants To Pathways, Brian Greco, Alexander Luedtke, Allison Hainline, Carolina Alvarez, Andrew Beck, Nathan L. Tintle

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

Pathway analysis approaches for sequence data typically either operate in a single stage (all variants within all genes in the pathway are combined into a single, very large set of variants that can then be analyzed using standard “gene-based” test statistics) or in 2-stages (gene-based p values are computed for all genes in the pathway, and then the gene-based p values are combined into a single pathway p value). To date, little consideration has been given to the performance of gene-based tests (typically designed for a smaller number of single-nucleotide variants [SNVs]) when the number of SNVs in the gene …

Non Melanoma Skin Cancer And Subsequent Cancer Risk, Judy R. Rees, M. Scot Zens, Jiang Gui, Maria O. Celaya, Bruce L. Riddle, Margaret R. Karagas

Dartmouth Scholarship

Introduction:

Several studies have shown an increased risk of cancer after non melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) but the individual risk factors underlying this risk have not been elucidated, especially in relation to sun exposure and skin sensitivity to sunlight.

Purpose:

Methods:

Fear Of Onset: The Inescapable Reality Of The Huntington's Disease Gene Carrier, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Ada News - 06/16/2014, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

What's Happening: June 16, 2014, Maine Medical Center

What's Happening

No abstract provided.

Age-Associated Increases In Fkbp51 Facilitate Tau Neurotoxicity, Laura J. Blair

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Tau is a protein which regulates microtubule stability and is heavily involved in axonal transport. This stability is dynamically controlled in part by over 40 phosphorylation sites across the tau protein which allows for binding and release from the microtubules. However, if abnormal hyperphosphorylation occurs, tau dissociates from the microtubules. Once released, the microtubules become unstable and the aberrant tau mislocalizes from the axon to the somatodendric compartment, where it aggregates. These aggregates are made of many pathological forms of tau including oligomeric species, paired helical filaments, and neurofibrillary tangles, all of which have associated toxicities. Tau pathology is a …

Inactivation Of Ascaris In Double-Vault Urine-Diverting Composting Latrines In Panama: Methods And Environmental Health Engineering Field Applications, Daragh A. Gibson

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The United Nations Millennium Development Goals have prioritized improving access to sanitation, but unfortunately about a third of the global population is still without an improved sanitation source and one billion still practice open defecation. Lack of access to adequate and safe sanitation means the proliferation of dangerous pathogens in the environment, especially soil-transmitted helminths (STHs). In the Bocas del Toro Province of Panama (and similar locations in the world), composting latrines have been built in many of the indigenous communities in the area. They are a form of dry or ecological sanitation and are designed to produce an end …

Heuristic Modeling Of Carcinogenesis For The Population With Dichotomous Susceptibility To Cancer: A Pancreatic Cancer Example., Tengiz Mdzinarishvili, Simon Sherman

Journal Articles: Eppley Institute

At present, carcinogenic models imply that all individuals in a population are susceptible to cancer. These models either ignore a fall of the cancer incidence rate at old ages, or use some poorly identifiable parameters for its accounting. In this work, a new heuristic model is proposed. The model assumes that, in a population, only a small fraction (pool) of individuals is susceptible to cancer and decomposes the problem of the carcinogenic modeling on two sequentially solvable problems: (i) determination of the age-specific hazard rate in individuals susceptible to cancer (individual hazard rate) from the observed hazard rate in the …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - June 15, 2014, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the June 15, 2014 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

• Medical Alumni Association Hosts Annual Medical Alumni Weekend
• Surgery Resident Receives Scholarship to Attend American College of Surgeons Conference
• Dr. Maurtua-Neumann Featured on Local News
• COM Curriculum Changes Enhance Student Collaboration
• Dr. Franks Selected as President of MASA

Endostatin And Kidney Fibrosis In Aging: A Case For Antagonistic Pleiotropy?, Chi Hua Lin, Jun Chen, Bruce Ziman, Shannon Marshall, Julien Maizel, Michael S. Goligorsky

NYMC Faculty Publications

A recurring theme of a host of gerontologic studies conducted in either experimental animals or in humans is related to documenting the functional decline with age. We hypothesize that elevated circulating levels of a powerful antiangiogenic peptide, endostatin, represent one of the potent systemic causes for multiorgan microvascular rarefaction and functional decline due to fibrosis. It is possible that during the life span of an organism there is an accumulation of dormant transformed cells producing antiangiogenic substances (endostatin) that maintain the dormancy of such scattered malignant cells. The proof of this postulate cannot be obtained by physically documenting these scattered …

The Tumor Suppressive Role Of Camk2n1 In Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer., Tao Wang, Zhuo Liu, Shuiming Guo, Licheng Wu, Mingchao Li, Jun Yang, Ruibao Chen, Hua Xu, Shaoxin Cai, Hui Chen, Weiyong Li, Liang Wang, Zhiquan Hu, Qianyuan Zhuang, Shaohua Xu, Liping Wang, Jihong Liu, Zhangqun Ye, Jun-Yuan Ji, Chenguang Wang, Ke Chen

Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

Prostate cancer at advanced stages including metastatic and castration-resistant cancer remains incurable due to the lack of effective therapies. The CAMK2N1 gene, cloned and characterized as an inhibitor of CaMKII (calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II), has been shown to affect tumorigenesis and tumor growth. However, it is still unknown whether CAMK2N1 plays a role in prostate cancer development. We first examined the protein and mRNA levels of CAMK2N1 and observed a significant decrease in human prostate cancers comparing to normal prostate tissues. Re-expression of CAMK2N1 in prostate cancer cells reduced cellular proliferation, arrested cells in G0/G1 phases, and induced apoptotic cell …

Very Low Birth Weight And Perinatal Periods Of Risk: Disparities In St. Louis, Pamela Xaverius, Joanne Salas, Deborah Kiel, Candice Woolfolk

Faculty Scholarship

Very low birth weight (VLBW) is a significant issue in St. Louis, Missouri. Our study evaluated risk factors associated with VLBW in this predominantly urban community. Methods. From 2000 to 2009, birth and fetal death certificates were evaluated (𝑛 = 160, 189), and mortality rates were calculated for perinatal periods of risk.The Kitagawa method was used to explore fetoinfant mortality rates (FIMR) in terms of birth weight distribution and birthweight specific mortality. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the magnitude of association of selected risk factors with VLBW. Results. VLBW contributes to 50% of the excess FIMR in St. …