Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Disordered Eating Habits And Behaviors Among Elite Collegiate Athletes, Ann M. Armes

Theses and Dissertations--Nutrition and Food Systems

Eating disorders and disordered eating habits and behaviors were measured using the Eating Disorders Inventory-3 Referral Form (EDI-3 RF). The sample consisted of 159 elite, collegiate student athletes, males and females, aged 18 to 22. Five sports were represented, including basketball, gymnastics, soccer, swimming & diving, and volleyball. Overall, findings support the position that athletes, as a distinct population, and specifically female athletes and those that participate in lean sports, are at an increased risk for disordered eating behaviors and diagnosable eating disorders. Of the 159 total athletes that completed the questionnaire, 33% (n=53) of the athletes sampled met one …

Pharmacovigilance Of Biosimilars, Lipika Chablani

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

In lieu of an abstract, here is the article's first paragraph:

Biotech industry forms the backbone of the current pharmaceutical products. Seven out of top ten anticipated drugs of the industry in 2014 will be biologics [1]. Considering the fast pace growth of the biotechnological products, there is a parallel demand of biosimilars. As defined by FDA, “A biosimilar is a biological product that is highly similar to a U.S.-licensed reference biological product notwithstanding minor differences in clinically inactive components, and for which there are no clinically meaningful differences between the biological product and the reference product in terms of …

Reaction Between Polyol-Esters And Phosphate Esters In The Presence Of Metal Carbides, David W. Johnson, Carolyn Iacullo, John E. Hils

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The reaction of metal carbides with polyol esters found in aerospace lubricants and phosphate esters commonly used as additives was investigated. Carbides were of particular interest since modern materials under consideration at high temperature bearings have surfaces that are primarily metal carbides. Vanadium and chromium carbide were found to react with the ester and phosphate ester by a transesterification reaction, producing an alkyl phosphate which is less stable than the aromatic phosphate esters. In the process, the metal carbide is converted to the metal phosphate and metal polyphosphate, evidenced by the infrared and Raman spectra of the solid residue and …

Exploring The Relationship Between Adventist Hospital Board Chair Leadership Behaviors And Effectiveness, Anthony M. Stahl

Dissertations

Problem and Purpose. There is a lack of empirical research regarding the leadership behaviors that predict an effective community hospital board chair. Researchers indicate that an effective organization normally has a well-led board. However, the chair role has been largely neglected in the research of board functions and operations. With many hospitals facing reorganization or closing, it is important to understand and identify effective chair behaviors. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between hospital chair leadership behaviors and effectiveness, and the relationship of effective chairs to effective hospitals.

Method. This study used an ex post …

Physical Activity Surveillance And Emerging Technologies, J. Aaron Hipp

Brown School Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Examining Generational Differences Across Organizational Factors That Relate To Turnover, Kimberly Asuncion

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Turnover continues to pose a problem for all organizations across industries. This study examines the complex nature of turnover, by examining the relationship of turnover intentions with perceptions of distributive justice, procedural justice, growth opportunities, and recognition across age groups. Age groups will be used as a proxy for generational cohort membership. Results of the study confirm previous research that generational differences do exist; however, those differences are fairly small. Perceptions of distributive justice, procedural justice, growth opportunities, and recognition were found to be significant predictors of turnover intentions regardless of the age group.

Health Status And Care Access Of The Uninsured In Kentucky, Douglas Keith Branham

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

ABSTRACT/EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

With the individual mandate of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) set to go into effect in 2014, as well as the Medicaid expansion in some states, the federal and state governments have a difficult road ahead planning how to respond to the anticipated increase in health services use. Kentucky is an undecided state regarding the Medicaid expansion and as one of the more impoverished states in the U.S. potentially has much to gain from the new law.

Many studies have focused on the U.S. as a whole in describing the health status of the uninsured. …

Infant Mortality In American Indians And Alaska Natives 1995–1999 And 2000–2004, Patrik Johansson, Weston Williams, Ayman El-Mohandes

Publications and Research

Objectives. (1) To determine the infant mortality rate (IMR) in American Indians/ Alaska Natives (AI/AN) and Whites between 1995–1999 and 2000–2004. (2) To compare the leading causes of infant mortality in AI/AN and Whites. (3) To examine differences in neonatal vs. postneonatal causes of death in Whites and AI/AN.

Methods. Using the 1995–99 and 2000–04 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Center for Health Statistics national linked birth/infant death data, we examined neonatal and postneonatal IMR among AI/AN and Whites.

Results. AI/AN experienced significantly greater overall IMR in 1995–1999 and 2000–2004 than Whites. While the reduction in …

Baseball Media Guide 2013, Indiana State University

Intercollegiate Athletics

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Intra Individual Physiological Sway Complexity From Force Plate And Inertial Measurement Unit, Rahul Soangra, Thurmon E. Lockhart

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Center of Pressure (COP) is a clinical measure to investigate the effect of sensory input disturbances on postural stability in healthy, old population as well in people suffering from neuromuscular disease. Increased center of pressure velocity and sway area are interpreted as decreased stability or poor balance and are associated with fall risk. Body mounted inertial sensors have shown great promise as an easily implemented clinical measure of balance. The aim of the present study is to investigate if force plate and accelerometer measurements provide similar physiological information when approximate entropy (ApEn) are valuated from the time series. Seven Young …

Intramuscular Manual Therapy After Failed Conservative Care: A Case Report, Brent Harper

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Background and Purpose: During intramuscular manual therapy (IMT), an acupuncture needle is inserted into the skin and muscle. The direct mechanical stimulation may interrupt the pathogenic mechanisms of myofascial trigger points (MTrPs). The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the application and efficacy of IMT on a patient suffering from right chronic elbow lateral epicondylalgia. Methods: A case study of a 26-year-old male presenting with a 6-month history of right elbow pain who failed 11 conservative physical therapy sessions and previous site-specific acupuncture. The patient received 5 IMT sessions over 4 weeks. Findings: The patient had …

An Unusual Combination Of Extra-Adrenal Pheochromocytoma And Arteriovenous Malformation Of The Ureter In A Young Adult, Ali Khawaja, Wajahat Aziz, Syed Muhammad Nazim, Farhat Abbas

Section of Urology

We present a case of a 24-year-old gentleman who presented with painless pan haematuria for 2 weeks. During the workup, he was diagnosed to have a retrocaval mass after a CT scan while cystoscopy revealed a polypoidal pulsating lesion in the left ureter. After surgical manipulation of the retrocaval mass, the blood pressure of the patient raised to 260/130 mm Hg. It was completely resected and diagnosed as extra-adrenalpheochromocytoma (paraganglioma) after histopathology. The lesion in the ureter was completely excised and fulgurated and diagnosed as anarteriovenous malformation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first patient to be …

Renal Arteriovenous Malformation: An Unusual Cause Of Recurrent Haematuria, Mazhar Ali, Wajahat Aziz, Farhat Abbas

Section of Urology

A 54-year-old woman presented with gross painless haematuria. Initial workup showed no abnormality except mild hydronephrosis on CT scan. Cystoscopy and retrograde pyelography did not find any gross lesion and her urine cytology was also negative. She had recurrent haematuria so her CT was reviewed with the radiologist with clinical suspicion of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) which was suggested by relatively increased contrast density in the hemiazygous vein and renal vein in the arterial phase. She underwent angioembiolisation of left renal AVM after which her haematuria settled.

Regulation Of Alpha Synuclein Following Chronic Methamphetamine Administration In Guinea Pigs: Correlation With Memory And Synaptic Plasticity, Adnouse Blanc

PCOM Biomedical Studies Student Scholarship

Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive drug of abuse that has a severe impact on neuronal changes in the brain including modulations of plasticity, cognitive dysfunction, as well as memory impairment. These changes can be seen as modifications in the expression of biochemical markers associated with synaptic plasticity. One such marker associated with memory impairment is alpha synuclein (α-syn). Alteration of α-syn expression has been linked to memory impairment in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Here we assess the effect of chronic METH treatment in correlation to cognitive functions.

Twenty-nine guinea pigs (male, 150-250 g) were …

Molecular Mechanisms Related To Endotoxemia In Primary Human Cardiomyocytes In Culture, Atijah J. Collins

PCOM Biomedical Studies Student Scholarship

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States and has been for the past 80 years. Development of novel therapeutic agents to address the large number of CVD deaths requires an in depth understanding of the structural and functional properties of human cardiomyocytes. Over the last few years we have been developing an in vitro paradigm to assess molecular cardiodynamics in Primary Human Cardiomyocyte in culture (PHCC). We tested the hypothesis whether endotoxemia would exhibit a marked decrease in contractile proteins and cause apoptosis in PHCC. In the current series of experiments, we induced endotoxemia …

Yale School Of Nursing : Celebrating 90 Years Of Excellence ; Ysn: A Brief History, Helen Varney Burst Cnm, Msn, Dhl (Hon.), Facnm

Yale School of Nursing Alumni Newsletters and Magazines

This book is a brief history of Yale University's School of Nursing for the past 90 years, from 1923-2013.

Validation Of The Ottawa Ankle Rules At A Tertiary Teaching Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study, Mark Karanja Tharao

Master of Medicine in General Surgery

Introduction: Ankle joint and foot injuries are among the commonest injuries seen at the Accident and Emergency Department of any hospital. Within the United States it is the second most common musculoskeletal injury seen by physicians. Assessment of these injuries is done clinically and when deemed necessary a radiograph is requested. Studies have shown that radiographs are ordered in over 95% of cases yet the prevalence of fractures is in the range of 15-20%. This means that more than 80% of patients are exposed to unnecessary radiation. The Ottawa ankle rules have been designed to reduce the need for performing …

Limited Effectiveness Of Hiv Prevention For Young People In Sub-Saharan Africa: Studying The Role Of Intervention And Evaluation, Kristien Michielsen, Marleen Temmerman, Van Rossem

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

On average, 2,500 young people (15-24 years) get -infected with HIV every day; 80% of which live in sub-Saharan Africa. Since no cure or vaccine is available, reducing sexual risk behaviour in this group is crucial in tackling the epidemic. The general objective of this doctoral study was to improve the effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions for young people in sub-Saharan Africa. First, we assessed the overall effectiveness of such interventions (systematic literature review, meta-analysis). Secondly, we evaluated a school-based peer-led HIV prevention interventions in Rwanda (longitudinal, non-randomized controlled trial), to get insight into how interventions are developed, implemented and …

Dietary Quality In A Sample Of Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Ireland; A Cross-Sectional Case Control Study, A Murray, A Mc Morrow, E O Connor, C Kiely, Oscar Mac Ananey, D O'Shea, M Egana, F Lithander

Articles

BACKGROUND:

A number of dietary quality indices (DQIs) have been developed to assess the quality of dietary intake. Analysis of the intake of individual nutrients does not reflect the complexity of dietary behaviours and their association with health and disease. The aim of this study was to determine the dietary quality of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using a variety of validated DQIs.

METHODS:

In this cross-sectional analysis of 111 Caucasian adults, 65 cases with T2DM were recruited from the Diabetes Day Care Services of St. Columcille's and St. Vincent's Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland. Forty-six controls did not have …

Socio-Economic Differences In Food Group And Nutrient Intakes Among Young Women In Ireland, Daniel Mccartney, Katherine Younger, John Kearney

Articles

The present study aimed to investigate socio-economic disparities in food and nutrient intakes among young Irish women. A total of 221 disadvantaged and seventy-four non-disadvantaged women aged 18–35 years were recruited. Diet was assessed using a diet history protocol. Of the total population, 153 disadvantaged and sixty-three non-disadvantaged women were classified as plausible dietary reporters. Food group intakes, nutrient intakes and dietary vitamin and mineral concentrations per MJ of energy consumed were compared between the disadvantaged and non-disadvantaged populations, as was compliance with dietary fibre, macronutrient and micronutrient intake guidelines. The disadvantaged women had lower intakes than the non-disadvantaged women …

Lipid Targets In Clinical Practice: Successes, Failures And Lessons To Be Learned, M Dunne, Oscar Mac Ananey, V Maher

Articles

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

Optimal risk factor control is integral to managing patients with proven coronary heart disease (CHD+) and for those at risk of coronary heart disease (CHD-). The primary aim of the study was to assess the success rate of reaching lipid risk factor targets in a multiple risk factor clinic.

METHODS:

A retrospective audit was conducted in 488 patients (CHD+, n = 112; CHD-, n = 376) who attended the Cardiovascular Risk Factor Clinic at Tallaght Hospital, Dublin in 2009 and 2010.

RESULTS:

Risk factor targets achieved in CHD+ and CHD- patients were LDLc (54/62 %), HDLc (67/67 %), …

Obesity Is An Independent Predictor Of Breastfeeding Initiation When Socioeconomic Status Is Controlled For, Annemarie Bennett, Daniel Mccartney, John Kearney

Articles

Breastfeeding initiation rates vary across Europe, with rates as low as 56%(1) in Ireland and rates in excess of 90%(2) in the Nordic countries. A host of factors, including demographic, social, psychological and physical factors, influence the initiation, intensity and duration of breastfeeding. The extent to which modifiable factors influence breastfeeding initiation should be ascertained in order to prioritise support services for breastfeeding. Obesity is a known modifiable factor which inhibits breastfeeding initiation. This study aimed to determine the extent to which obesity inhibits breastfeeding initiation while controlling for socioeconomic status and other confounding factors. The Infant Cohort dataset from …

Characterization Of The Effect Of Alcohol On Recombinant Proteins Derived From Mammalian Adenylyl Cyclase, Emily Qualls Creekmore

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Research suggests that the cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling pathway is implicated in the development of alcoholism. Previous work in our laboratory has demonstrated that alcohol enhances the activity of adenylyl cyclase (AC) in an isoform specific manner; human type 7 AC (AC7) is most enhanced by ethanol as measured by cAMP accumulation assay in whole cells. We hypothesize that alcohol enhances AC activity by directly interacting with the protein and that alcohol effects on AC can be studied using recombinant AC expressed in bacteria. Our objectives include: 1) design and optimization of the conditions for protein expression and protein purity …

Identification Of Genes Responsible For Maintenance Of Differentiation Capability In Dental Pulp Stem Cells, Michael B. Flanagan

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Stem cells exist in various tissues, including dental follicles and dental pulps. Adult stem cells (ASC) can be isolated from patients for autologous transplantation, which eliminates the risk of immune rejection with low or no tumorigenesis. However, one of the challenges is that ASC progressively lose their differentiation ability when cultured in vitro. This prevents expansion of large quantities of high-potential stem cells for therapeutics, especially for stem cells with limited tissue source, such as dental pulp stem cells (DPSC). The goal of this study is to define possible molecular regulation causing loss of differentiation. To achieve this goal, we …

Signal Transduction And Rickettsial Infection Of Tick Cells, Natthida Petchampai

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsia are obligate intracellular bacteria that are carried by ticks. One such tick, Dermacentor variabilis is a vector for the etiologic agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, R. rickettsii. These ticks also carry a non-pathogenic R. montanensis, the agent used in this study. Interestingly, field data collected from infected D. variabilis throughout the United States revealed that the majority of Rickettsia in ticks are non-pathogenic species such as R. montanensis. Although ticks serve as both vector and reservoir hosts for SFG Rickettsia, many questions regarding tick-Rickettsia interaction remain unresolved. Therefore, the overall goal of this research …

The Influence Of Emergency Rns' Characteristics And Readiness For Change On Their Intention To Implement Evidence-Based Practice, Mary Kathryn Naccarato

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Emergency departments are a major source of hospital admissions with patients at risk for pressure ulcer development. Yet, there is a paucity of literature in two key areas: emergency RNs' role in PU prevention and their knowledge, skills, attitudes and intentions toward implementation of PU prevention guidelines. Manuscript 1 was an integrative review that found multiple factors--knowledge, attitudes, and environmental--that affect nurses' use of PU prevention. Manuscript 2 was an integrative review that found the readiness for change construct as a precursor to implementing an organizational or individual change. Some nurse researchers suggest a readiness assessment as the first step …

Association Between Patient Experience And Hospital Financial Performance Pre And Post Implementation Of Centers For Medicare And Medicaid Services (Cms) Pay For Performance Initiative, Anthony C. Stanowski

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Hospitals are the ultimate service providers in that no goods are produced. Hospital employees and independent providers deliver a highly technical set of services with the noble goal of improving the state of wellness of their patients. Historically, the hospital industry considered satisfying patients as secondary to conquering the disease of the patient. CMS' implementation of a Pay-For-Performance (P4P) system, within the context of a Value Based Purchasing (VBP) program, altered providers' perspective by associating a financial reward/penalty based on how well hospitals satisfied patients, as well as based on the provision of core clinical processes. In future years, the …

Adolescent Depression Education Program For Middle School Nurses: A Feasibility Study, Teresa Carnevale

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

While healthcare providers have increased depression screening of adolescents during preventive care, an enormous number of adolescents do not have regular contact with healthcare providers and, therefore, do not get screened. Nationwide screenings by school nurses would be an ideal way to capture students not seen by healthcare providers; however, this screening is not required and therefore does not occur. The purpose of this dissertation is to describe the three-step process by which the feasibility of using school nurses to identify and screen for adolescent depression (AD) was explored. In a pre-dissertation study, school nurses reported they lacked knowledge, time, …

Tyrosinase Reactive T Cells Reject Or Edit Established Human Melanomas In Vivo, Telma Raquela Martins Da Palma

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Adoptive transfer of T cell receptor (TCR) gene transduced T cells can mediate dramatic tumor regressions in melanoma patients. However, improvements in these therapies are needed as most patients either fail to respond to the therapy or eventually experience recurrent disease. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of T cells expressing the high-affinity TIL 1383I TCR for treatment of human melanomas, we developed xenograft models for the malignancy. Human T cells transduced with the TIL 1383I TCR exhibited strong in vitro reactivity against HLA-A2+Tyrosinase+ targets but failed to impact tumor growth in vivo. In contrast, TIL 1383I TCR-expressing murine T cells …

Combination Therapy For Inflammation And Neurodegeneration In Multiple Sclerosis Rodent Model, Nicole Neva Marie Trager

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex demyelinating CNS disease that involves both immunologic and neurodegenerative mechanisms of pathophysiology. MS is characterized by lymphocyte infiltration in the CNS resulting in extensive axonal neurodegenerative processes. The current therapies for MS act through either immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive mechanisms; none address both the immune and degenerative arms of the disease. The immunomodulatory agents are generally broad spectrum and non-specific immunosuppression and are associated with significant toxicities. Thus, novel therapies or therapeutic strategies are needed to fully combat both inflammatory and neurodegenerative events that define MS. The animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is used …