Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Urinary Tract Infections And Post-Operative Fever In Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy, J. Gutierrez, A. Smith, P. Geavlete, H. Shah, A. R. Kural, M. De Sio, J. H. A. Sesmero, A. Hoznek, J. De La Rosette

Journal Articles

To review the incidence of UTIs, post-operative fever, and risk factors for post-operative fever in PCNL patients. Between 2007 and 2009, consecutive PCNL patients were enrolled from 96 centers participating in the PCNL Global Study. Only data from patients with pre-operative urine samples and who received antibiotic prophylaxis were included. Pre-operative bladder urine culture and post-operative fever (> 38.5A degrees C) were assessed. Relationship between various patient and operative factors and occurrence of post-operative fever was assessed using logistic regression analyses. Eight hundred and sixty-five (16.2%) patients had a positive urine culture; Escherichia coli was the most common micro-organism found …

Ribosomally Synthesized And Post-Translationally Modified Peptide Natural Products: Overview And Recommendations For A Universal Nomenclature, P. G. Arnison, M. J. Bibb, G. Bierbaum, A. A. Bowers, T. S. Bugni, G. Bulaj, J. A. Camarero, D. J. Campopiano, J. M. Willey, W. A. Van Der Donk, +55 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

This review presents recommended nomenclature for the biosynthesis of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs), a rapidly growing class of natural products. The current knowledge regarding the biosynthesis of the >20 distinct compound classes is also reviewed, and commonalities are discussed.

Two Distinct Categories Of Focal Deletions In Cancer Genomes, M. Rajaram, M. Kato, L. Myeroff, S. D. Markowitz, S. W. Lowe, M. Zhang, A. Krasnitz, R. Lucito, D. Mu, R. S. Powers, +13 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

One of the key questions about genomic alterations in cancer is whether they are functional in the sense of contributing to the selective advantage of tumor cells. The frequency with which an alteration occurs might reflect its ability to increase cancer cell growth, or alternatively, enhanced instability of a locus may increase the frequency with which it is found to be aberrant in tumors, regardless of oncogenic impact. Here we've addressed this on a genome-wide scale for cancer-associated focal deletions, which are known to pinpoint both tumor suppressor genes (tumor suppressors) and unstable loci. Based on DNA copy number analysis …

Absence Of Exposed Bone Following Dental Extraction In Beagle Dogs Treated With 9 Months Of High-Dose Zoledronic Acid Combined With Dexamethasone, M. R. Allen, T. M. G. Chu, S. L. Ruggiero

Journal Articles

Purpose: Factors contributing to osteonecrosis of the jaw with anti-remodeling drug treatment are unclear. Epidemiologic and experimental studies have suggested the combination of bisphosphonates and dexamethasone results in osteonecrosis of the jaw more often than either agent alone. The goal of this study was to assess the combination of these 2 drugs in a large animal model previously shown to be susceptible to exposed bone in the oral cavity when treated with bisphosphonates. Materials and Methods: Skeletally mature beagle dogs were untreated controls or treated with zoledronic acid (ZOL), dexamethasone (DEX), or ZOL plus DEX. ZOL and DEX were given …

Ethnicity And Gender Comparisons Of Health Consequences In Adults With Alcohol Dependence, Karen G. Chartier, Michie N. Hesselbrock, Victor M. Hesselbrock

Social Work Publications

The moderating effects of ethnicity and gender on factors associated with physical health consequences in adults with alcohol dependence was examined using data from the 2001–2002 U.S. National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). Black and White respondents with a lifetime diagnosis of DSM-IV alcohol dependence were selected for the study (n = 3,852). A multiple-group structural equation model tested ethnicity, gender, and intervening variables as predictors of physical health status in alcohol dependent men and women. Study findings offer implications for clinical practice with alcohol dependent individuals by identifying likely target groups and problems for intervention.

Suicidal Risk Factors Of Recurrent Major Depression In Han Chinese Women, Yuzhang Zhu, Hongni Zhang, Shenxun Shi, Jingfang Gao, Youhui Li, Ming Tao, Kerang Zhang, Xumei Wang, Chengge Gao, Lijun Yang, Kan Li, Jiangguo Shi, Gang Wang, Lanfen Liu, Jinbei Zhang, Bo Du, Guoqing Jiang, Jianhua Shen, Zhen Zhang, Wei Liang, Jing Sun, Jian Hu, Tiebang Liu, Xueyi Wang, Guodong Miao, Huaqing Meng, Yi Li, Chunmei Hu, Yi Li, Guoping Huang, Gongying Li, Baowei Ha, Hong Deng, Qiyi Mei, Hui Zhong, Shugui Gao, Hong Sang, Yutang Zhang, Xiang Fang, Fengyu Yu, Donglin Yang, Tieqiao Liu, Yunchun Chen, Xiaohong Hong, Wenyuan Wu, Guibing Chen, Min Cai, Yan Song, Jiyang Pan, Jicheng Dong, Runde Pan, Wei Zhang, Zhenming Shen, Zhengrong Liu, Danhua Gu, Xiaoping Wang, Xiaojuan Liu, Qiwen Zhang, Yihan Li, Yiping Chen, Kenneth S. Kendler, Jonathan Flint, Ying Liu

Psychiatry Publications

The relationship between suicidality and major depression is complex. Socio- demography, clinical features, comorbidity, clinical symptoms, and stressful life events are important factors influencing suicide in major depression, but these are not well defined. Thus, the aim of the present study was to assess the associations between the above-mentioned factors and suicide ideation, suicide plan, and suicide attempt in 6008 Han Chinese women with recurrent major depression (MD). Patients with any suicidality had significantly more MD symptoms, a significantly greater number of stressful life events, a positive family history of MD, a greater number of episodes, a significant experience of …

Clinical Features Of Patients With Dysthymia In A Large Cohort Of Han Chinese Women With Recurrent Major Depression, Wenqing Wu, Zhoubing Wang, Yan Wei, Guanghua Zhang, Shenxun Shi, Jingfang Gao, Youhui Li, Ming Tao, Kerang Zhang, Xumei Wang, Chengge Gao, Lijun Yang, Kan Li, Jianguo Shi, Gang Wang, Lanfen Liu, Jinbei Zhang, Bo Du, Guoqing Jiang, Jianhua Shen, Ying Liu, Wei Liang, Jing Sun, Jian Hu, Tiebang Liu, Xueyi Wang, Guodong Miao, Huaqing Meng, Yi Li, Guoping Huang, Gongying Li, Baowei Ha, Hong Deng, Qiyi Mei, Hui Zhong, Shugui Gao, Hong Sang, Yutang Zhang, Xiang Fang, Fengyu Yu, Donglin Yang, Tieqiao Liu, Yunchun Chen, Xiaohong Hong, Wenyuan Wu, Guibing Chen, Min Cai, Yan Song, Jiyang Pan, Jicheng Dong, Runde Pan, Wei Zhang, Zhenming Shen, Zhengrong Liu, Danhua Gu, Xiaoping Wang, Xiaojuan Liu, Qiwen Zhang, Yihan Li, Yiping Chen, Kenneth S. Kendler, Jonathan Flint, Zhen Zhang

Psychiatry Publications

Background

Dysthymia is a form of chronic mild depression that has a complex relationship with major depressive disorder (MDD). Here we investigate the role of environmental risk factors, including stressful life events and parenting style, in patients with both MDD and dysthymia. We ask whether these risk factors act in the same way in MDD with and without dysthymia.

Results

We examined the clinical features in 5,950 Han Chinese women with MDD between 30–60 years of age across China. We confirmed earlier results by replicating prior analyses in 3,950 new MDD cases. There were no significant differences between the two …

Genotype-Based Ancestral Background Consistently Predicts Efficacy And Side Effects Across Treatments In Catie And Star*D, Daniel E. Adkins, Renan P. Souza, Karolina A. Aberg, Shaunna L. Clark, Joseph L. Mcclay, Patrick F. Sullivan, Edwin J. C. G. Van Den Oord

Biomarker Research and Personalized Medicine Publications

Only a subset of patients will typically respond to any given prescribed drug. The time it takes clinicians to declare a treatment ineffective leaves the patient in an impaired state and at unnecessary risk for adverse drug effects. Thus, diagnostic tests robustly predicting the most effective and safe medication for each patient prior to starting pharmacotherapy would have tremendous clinical value. In this article, we evaluated the use of genetic markers to estimate ancestry as a predictive component of such diagnostic tests. We first estimated each patient’s unique mosaic of ancestral backgrounds using genome-wide SNP data collected in the Clinical …

Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuronal Activation In The Paraventricular And Dorsomedial Hypothalamus Depends On Ambient Temperature, Samuel P. Wanner, Kyoko Yoshida, Vladimir A. Kulchitsky, Andrei I. Ivanov, Kazuyuki Kanosue, Andrej A. Romanovsky

Human and Molecular Genetics Publications

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome is associated with either fever or hypothermia, but the mechanisms responsible for switching from one to the other are unknown. In experimental animals, systemic inflammation is often induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). To identify the diencephalic and brainstem structures involved in the fever-hypothermia switch, we studied the expression of c-Fos protein, a marker of neuronal activation, in rats treated with the same high dose of LPS (0.5 mg/kg, intravenously) either in a thermoneutral (30°C) or cool (24°C) environment. At 30°C, LPS caused fever; at 24°C, the same dose caused profound hypothermia. Both fever and hypothermia were …

Microglial Activation Decreases Retention Of The Protease Inhibitor Saquinavir: Implications For Hiv Treatment, Shannon Dallas, Michelle L. Block, Deborah M. Thompson, Marcelo G. Bonini, Patrick T. Ronaldson, Reina Bendayan, David S. Miller

Anatomy and Neurobiology Publications

Background

Active HIV infection within the central nervous system (CNS) is confined primarily to microglia. The glial cell compartment acts as a viral reservoir behind the blood-brain barrier. It provides an additional roadblock to effective pharmacological treatment via expression of multiple drug efflux transporters, including P-glycoprotein. HIV/AIDS patients frequently suffer bacterial and viral co-infections, leading to deregulation of glial cell function and release of pro-inflammatory mediators including cytokines, chemokines, and nitric oxide.

Methods

To better define the role of inflammation in decreased HIV drug accumulation into CNS targets, accumulation of the antiretroviral saquinavir was examined in purified cultures of rodent …

Critical Analysis Of Contemporary Public Health Genomics And Needs Assessment For Public Health Genomics Course Curriculum, Kim London

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Objective: To analyze the need for increased content on genomics in Public Health (PH) academic curriculum.

Methods: A literature synthesis was performed of various genetic science studies. Results were assessed with regard to the number and type of genomic studies published, cost to perform genetic analyses, health care provider and the public’s use and understanding of genetic testing capabilities. A search was conducted and assessment performed of public health genomics curriculum at accredited public health educational programs.

Results: The cost to sequence a single genome declined from $10 million in 2007 to under $10 thousand in 2012. This cost reduction …

Cyanine 5.5 Conjugated Nanobubbles As A Tumor Selective Contrast Agent For Dual Ultrasound-Fluorescence Imaging In A Mouse Model, Liyi Mai, Anna Yao, Jing Li, Qiong Wei, Ming Yuchi, Xiaoling He, Mingyue Ding, Qibing Zhou

Medicinal Chemistry Publications

Nanobubbles and microbubbles are non-invasive ultrasound imaging contrast agents that may potentially enhance diagnosis of tumors. However, to date, both nanobubbles and microbubbles display poor in vivo tumor-selectivity over non-targeted organs such as liver. We report here cyanine 5.5 conjugated nanobubbles (cy5.5-nanobubbles) of a biocompatible chitosan–vitamin C lipid system as a dual ultrasound-fluorescence contrast agent that achieved tumor-selective imaging in a mouse tumor model. Cy5.5-nanobubble suspension contained single bubble spheres and clusters of bubble spheres with the size ranging between 400–800 nm. In the in vivo mouse study, enhancement of ultrasound signals at tumor site was found to persist over …

Parallel Changes In Intracellular Water Volume And Ph Induced By Nh3/Nh4+ Exposure In Single Neuroblastoma Cells, Victor M. Blanco, Martín S. Márquez, Francisco J. Alvarez-Leefmans

Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND:

Increased blood levels of ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH4(+)), i.e. hyperammonemia, leads to cellular brain edema in humans with acute liver failure. The pathophysiology of this edema is poorly understood. This is partly due to incomplete understanding of the osmotic effects of the pair NH3/NH4(+) at the cellular and molecular levels. Cell exposure to solutions containing NH3/NH4(+) elicits changes in intracellular pH (pHi), which can in turn affect cell water volume (CWV) by activating transport mechanisms that produce net gain or loss of solutes and water. The occurrence of CWV changes caused by NH3/NH4(+) has long been suspected, but …

Effectiveness Of Grand Valley State University Service-Learning Project In The Grand Rapids Public Museum, Lauren French, Linnea Petzke

Service Learning

The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the effectiveness of a service-learning project completed by Grand Valley State University occupational therapy students in collaboration with the Grand Rapids Public Museum. This study sought to discover the perceptions of service-learning projects from community collaborators’ perspective. A qualitative focus group was used to gather data about the museum’s role in the community and in learning, occupational therapy’s role within community settings like the museum, and the use of service-learning projects to integrate the two. Overall themes from the qualitative data analysis included: Occupational Therapy in Museums, Learning Environment, and Service-Learning. …

Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy For Localized Prostate Cancer: Disease Control And Quality Of Life At 6 Years, A. J. Katz, M. Santoro, F. Diblasio, R. Ashley

Journal Articles

Background: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) may yield disease control for prostate cancer in a brief, hypofractionated treatment regimen without increasing treatment toxicity. Our report presents a 6-year update from 304 low- (n = 211), intermediate- (n = 81), and high-risk (n = 12) prostate cancer patients who received CyberKnife SBRT. Methods: The median PSA at presentation was 5.8 ng/ml. Fifty-seven patients received neoadjuvant hormonal therapy for up to one year. The first 50 patients received a total dose of 35 Gy in 5 fractions of 7 Gy. The subsequent 254 patients received a total dose of 36.25 Gy in 5 …

Moving Forward In Gme Reform: A 4 + 1 Model Of Resident Ambulatory Training, S. I. Chaudhry, S. Balwan, K. A. Friedman, S. Sunday, B. Chaudhry, D. Dimisa, A. Fornari

Journal Articles

Traditional ambulatory training models have limitations in important domains, including opportunities for residents to learn, fragmentation of care delivery experience, and satisfaction with ambulatory experiences. New models of ambulatory training are needed. To compare the impact of a traditional ambulatory training model with a templated 4 + 1 model. A large university-based internal medicine residency using three different training sites: a patient-centered medical home, a hospital-based ambulatory clinic, and community private practices. Residents, faculty, and administrative staff. Development of a templated 4 + 1 model of residency where trainees do not attend to inpatient and outpatient responsibilities simultaneously. A mixed-methods …

The Immune Cell Infiltrate Populating Meningiomas Is Composed Of Mature, Antigen-Experienced T And B Cells, L. Fang, D. E. Lowther, M. L. Meizlish, R. C. Anderson, J. N. Bruce, J. N. Stern, G. Yaari, L. Lovato, K. M. Cronk, K. C. O'Connor, +4 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Meningiomas often harbor an immune cell infiltrate that can include substantial numbers of T and B cells. However, their phenotype and characteristics remain undefined. To gain a deeper understanding of the T and B cell repertoire in this tumor, we characterized the immune infiltrate of 28 resected meningiomas representing all grades. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was used to grossly characterize and enumerate infiltrating lymphocytes. A molecular analysis of the immunoglobulin variable region of tumor-infiltrating B cells was used to characterize their antigen experience. Flow cytometry of fresh tissue homogenate and paired peripheral blood lymphocytes was used to identify T cell phenotypes …

Protein-Tyrosine Phosphatase 1b Antagonized Signaling By Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor And Kinase Brk/Ptk6 In Ovarian Cancer Cells, G. F. Fan, G. Lin, R. Lucito, N. K. Tonks

Journal Articles

Ovarian cancer, which is the leading cause of death from gynecological malignancies, is a heterogeneous disease known to be associated with disruption of multiple signaling pathways. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the role of protein phosphatases in the signaling events that underlie the disease; such knowledge will be essential to gain a complete understanding of the etiology of the disease and how to treat it. We have demonstrated that protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) was underexpressed in a panel of ovarian carcinoma-derived cell lines, compared with immortalized human ovarian surface epithelial cell lines. Stable restoration of PTP1B in those cancer cell …

Age-Dependent Effects Of A53t Alpha-Synuclein On Behavior And Dopaminergic Function, A. W. Oaks, M. Frankfurt, D. I. Finkelstein, A. Sidhu

Journal Articles

Expression of A53T mutant human alpha-synuclein under the mouse prion promoter is among the most successful transgenic models of Parkinson's disease. Accumulation of A53T alpha-synuclein causes adult mice to develop severe motor impairment resulting in early death at 8-12 months of age. In younger, pre-symptomatic animals, altered motor activity and anxiety-like behaviors have also been reported. These behavioral changes, which precede severe neuropathology, may stem from non-pathological functions of alpha-synuclein, including modulation of monoamine neurotransmission. Our analysis over the adult life-span of motor activity, anxiety-like, and depressive-like behaviors identifies perturbations both before and after the onset of disease. Young A53T …

Plasma Soluble Thrombomodulin And Soluble Endothelial Protein C Receptor Levels In Colorectal Cancer Patients, Serap Ünal Ti̇lki̇, Hüseyi̇n Engi̇n, Ayla Gökmen, Cemi̇l Bi̇li̇r, Yücel Üstündağ

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Thrombomodulin (TM) and endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) are 2 transmembrane proteins that are thought to play an important role in cancer. We aimed to discover whether these 2 proteins are prognostic indicators in colorectal cancer. Materials and methods: Plasma TM and EPCR levels were measured using the ELISA method in 50 patients in different tumor stages that had been recently diagnosed with colorectal cancer and in a healthy control group of 50 people. Results: In colorectal cancer patients, higher plasma TM (21.3 ± 22.8 ng/mL, 13.2 ± 16.2 ng/mL, P = 0.010) and plasma EPCR levels (149.9 ± 79.6, …

Demonstration Of Mutations Conferring Resistance To Lamivudine In Liver Tissue Of Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Under Lamivudine Therapy, İsmai̇l Yaşar Avci, Can Polat Eyi̇gün, Emi̇ne Günal, Ayhan Kubar, Hanefi̇ Cem Gül, Ömer Coşkun, Hakan Erdem, Levent Görenek, Bülent Ahmet Beşi̇rbelli̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To demonstrate the genotypic lamivudine resistance in liver tissue of patients with negative serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA under long-term lamivudine therapy. Materials and methods: Fourteen patients (10 patients with elevated alanine aminotransferase and 4 patients under long-term lamivudine therapy for severe liver disease) with undetected serum HBV DNA were included in the study. A liver biopsy was performed for each patient, and HBV DNA extracted from liver tissue was analyzed with TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Mutations conferring lamivudine resistance were shown for all 14 patients in their liver tissue-extracted HBV DNA. One patient had rtM204V, 4 …

Compliance To Treatment And Reaching Of Metabolic Goals Are Better In Oad-Treated Diabetics Than Insulin-Treated Diabetics In The Turkish Population, Sema Uçak, Emi̇ne Şatir, Okcan Basat, Yüksel Altuntaş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

We assessed the success rates of reaching glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) goals in different treatment groups. Materials and methods: This was a single-centre, retrospective study including 2995 patients. The proportion of patients reaching their HbA1c goals, according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE), and American Diabetes Association (ADA), were determined. Results: There were 4 different treatment groups: 1) diet group (n = 140), 2) oral antidiabetic drug (OAD) group (n = 1238), 3) insulin group (n = 765), and 4) insulin + OAD group (n = 812). According to the IDF and AACE criteria, the …

Comparison Of The Efficacies Of I-Gel^{Tm} And Lma-Proseal^{Tm} For Airway Management In Pediatric Patients, Orhan Tokgöz, Adnan Tüfek, Serbülent Gökhan Beyaz, Mustafa Uğur Yüksel, Feyzi̇ Çeli̇k, İlker Öngüç Aycan, Abdulmenap Güzel

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The present study was performed to compare the performance of I-gel^{TM} with LMA-ProSeal^{TM} in children undergoing anesthesia. Materials and methods: A total of 185 patients who were scheduled for elective surgery in Dicle University's hospital were randomly divided into 2 groups: the I-gel^{TM} group (Group-I, n = 95) and the p-LMA^{TM} group (Group-P, n = 90). Airway leakage pressure, insertion time, fiberoptic laryngeal image scores, ease of insertion, and possible complications were compared between these groups. Results: The airway leakage pressure of Group-I was significantly higher than that of Group-P (means ± SD: 28 ± 5 vs. 20 ± 4 …

Polymorphisms In Abc Transporters (Abca1 And Abcc8) In Metabolic Syndrome, Orhan Değer, Yunus Emre Yandi, Mi̇hri̇ban Ayvaz, Ci̇hangi̇r Erem, Ari̇f Bayram Hacihasanoğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To identify important single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ABCA1 and ABCC8 (SUR1) genes and determine if they are associated with metabolic syndorome (MetS). Materials and methods: Fifty-eight subjects fulfilling all 5 MetS criteria were chosen from 4809 subjects who participated in our screening study (Trabzon MetS study). Forty-three subjects who did not fulfill any MetS criteria were chosen as the control group. Genotyping of the samples after DNA isolation was performed by direct sequencing. For SNP analysis, exons 7, 15, 19, 36, 41, and 49 for ABCA1 and exons 16 and 18 for ABCC8 were selected. Results: The most …

Comparison Of The Effects Of Intraarticular Hyaluronic Acid And Antiinflammatory Drug Treatments On The Surgical Intervention Rates In Patients With Gonarthrosis, Murat Korkmaz, Yalçin Erdoğan, Ayli̇n Okur, Ayşe Yeşi̇m Göçmen, İlhan Günaydin

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The aim of this study was to compare the frequencies of surgical interventions between patients receiving intraarticular hyaluronic acid (IAHA) injection and those receiving only oral antiinflammatory drug treatment at the end of a 1-year follow-up period. Materials and methods: A total of 705 patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis (OA) between 2007 and 2009 were included in this study. Their records were investigated retrospectively. We divided 218 of the patients into 3 groups according to the Kellgren–Lawrence criteria, and they received sodium hyaluronate once a week for 3 weeks. Another 487 patients with gonarthrosis served as group 2 and were …

Clinical Manifestations Of 16 Oropharyngeal Tularemia Patients: Experience Of A Referral Hospital In The City Of Konya, Turkey, Mesut Sabri̇ Tezer, Gülteki̇n Övet, Necat Alataş, Mehmet Hakan Görgülü, Ersen Koç, Mehmet Aki̇f Öztürk

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

In recent years, tularemia's importance has been reemerging in Turkey. However, the majority of tularemia cases were reported in the northern cities of Turkey. In this study, we report 16 oropharyngeal tularemia patients living in rural areas of the city of Konya, which is located in the southern zone of the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. Materials and methods: Sixteen patients (12 males, 4 females; mean age: 33.7 years, range: 10–73 years) were included in this study. All patients were admitted to our clinic for the evaluation of intractable cervical mass lesions. The diagnosis of tularemia was made after exclusion …

Dexmedetomidine Infusion Prevents Postoperative Shivering In Patients Undergoing Gynecologic Laparoscopic Surgery, Semra Karaman, İlkben Günüşen, Mustafa Arda Ceylan, Yücel Karaman, Esra Nur Çeti̇n, Abdurrahi̇m Derbent, Ahmet Mete Ergenoğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

This placebo-controlled, randomized study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of dexmedetomidine in preventing postoperative shivering. Materials and methods: Sixty patients undergoing gynecologic laparoscopic surgery were assigned randomly to 2 groups to be administered either dexmedetomidine as a loading of 1 µg kg^{-1} for 10 min followed by a maintenance infusion of 0.5 µg kg^{-1} h^{-1} (Group D, n = 30), or a normal saline infusion (Group S, n = 30). Results: Postoperative shivering was observed in 14 patients in Group S and in 3 patients in Group D (P = 0.001). The sedation scores were higher in the dexmedetomidine …

Alfacalcidol Suppresses Α-Receptor–Mediated Vasoconstriction Via An Endothelium Dependent Mechanism, İsmai̇l Ün, Aki̇f Hakan Kurt, Ali̇ Batuş, Kansu Büyükafşar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Vitamin D level could be related to blood pressure and cardiovascular health. However, the direct suppressor effect of vitamin D on vascular contraction has not yet been explored. Therefore, the effects of alfacalcidol (1\alpha-hydroxyvitamin D_3) and calcitriol (1\alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_3) on contractions induced by phenylephrine (10^{-8} to 10^{-5} M) in mice aorta were investigated. Materials and methods: Arterial rings were suspended in isolated organ chambers filled with Krebs bicarbonate solution gassed with 95% O_2 and 5% CO_2 maintained at 37 °C. Tissue responses were recorded isometrically with a force transducer and displayed on an acquisition system. Alfacalcidol and calcitriol were applied …

The Effect Of Combined Treatment Of Alpha-Tocopherol, Ascorbic Acid, And Pyridoxine With Nmda Blocker Memantine On Penicillin-Induced Epileptiform Activity In Rats, Duygu Aydin, Mehmet Yildirim, Mustafa Ayyildiz, Erdal Ağar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To evaluate the effects of coadministration of vitamins alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, and pyridoxine with memantine on a penicillin-induced experimental epilepsy model in rats so as to clarify the eventual interaction between these vitamins and the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) system. Materials and methods: The epileptic focus was produced by intracortical penicillin G potassium injection. The effects of intraperitoneal injections of memantine, memantine + alpha-tocopherol, memantine + ascorbic acid, and memantine + pyridoxine combinations on epileptiform activity were evaluated in electrocorticogram recordings. Results: The antiepileptiform effects appeared earlier in all memantine and vitamin coadministrated groups compared to the memantine-alone group, but the difference …

The Outcomes Of The Pregnancies Of Lactating Women, Özlem Şengül, Ahmet Akin Si̇vaslioğlu, Mahmut Kuntay Kokanali, Işik Üstüner, Ayşe Fi̇li̇z Avşar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To evaluate the outcomes of pregnancies occurring during lactation. Materials and methods: Sixty-one women who had interpregnancy intervals of 2 years were evaluated. Group 1 included 39 pregnancies of lactating women. Group 2 included 22 pregnancies of women who ceased lactation before conception. The groups were compared for gestational weight gain, birth weight, and obstetric complications. Results: The birth weights of the subsequent pregnancies of the first group were statistically lower than the second group (3086.6 ± 379.2 versus 3386.8 ± 388.1 g, P = 0.006). There was no statistically significant difference in obstetric complications observed between the 2 groups …