Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Arsenic Represses Myogenesis And Neurogenesis Through Epigenetic Mechanisms, Repressed Transcription Factors, And Altered Wnt Signaling Pathway, Gia-Ming Hong

All Dissertations

Arsenic is a toxicant commonly found in water systems around the world. Evidence from epidemiological studies indicates that chronic arsenic exposure can result in cancer, central nervous system and sensory deficits, effects on development, and neuromuscular deficits. However, the molecular mechanism of arsenic's toxicity remains largely unclear. In this study, both C2C12 mouse myoblast cells and mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) were used as models of arsenic mediated developmental toxicity in humans to investigate the effects of sodium arsenite on cellular differentiation.
Results from our first and second studies indicate that exposure of 20nM sodium arsenite to C2C12 mouse myocyte …

Impacts Of Psychotropic Pharmaceuticals On Hybrid Striped Bass: Altered Predation Behavior As A Function Of Changes In Brain Chemistry, Joseph Bisesi

All Dissertations

Advances in Analytical Chemistry have led to the detection of low concentrations of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in wastewater treatment plant effluents as well as their receiving waters. Antidepressants are routinely found among these contaminants, but have been shown to be relatively non-toxic at environmentally measured concentrations using traditional toxicity testing techniques. The neurochemical mode of action of antidepressants warrants investigation of the effects these chemicals may have on fish behavior due to the highly conserved nature of neurotransmitter transporter targets. Using a predator prey bioassay designed in our laboratory, previous studies has shown that the antidepressant fluoxetine …

The Queen Sirikit Royal Veterinary Service For The Rural Project, Supol Luengyosluechakul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Immune Response Of Lion’S Paw Scallop Nodipecten Subnodosus (Sowerby, 1835) Challenged With Vibrio Alginolyticus, Erick Ramses Ramírez–Castillo, Marcial Arellano-Martínez, Bertha Patricia Ceballos-Vázquez, Héctor Abelardo González-Ocampo, Gabriel Aguirre-Guzmán, Antonio Luna-González

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Immune response of Lion’s paw scallop Nodipecten subnodosus to the challenge of Vibrio alginolyticus strainAPSA2 was studied through the characterization of the activity of lysosomal enzymes and hemocyte size andnumber. Samples were obtained as hemocyte lysate supernatant (HLS) and plasma, after 6 and 24 hours, and 3, 6, and10 days after challenge. The enzymatic activity was tested by colorimetric and lysoplate assay techniques. Betweensampling times, significant differences in enzymatic activity determined by the colorimetric technique were found.The enzymatic activity was significantly higher in HLS than in plasma; in addition more enzymes were detected inHLS as compared with plasma. The enzymes …

Prevalence Of And Risk Factors Of Patellar Luxation In Dogs In Chiang Mai, Thailand, During The Years 2006–2011, Korakot Nganvongpanit, Terdsak Yano

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The purpose of this study was to report on the incidence of patellar luxation in 128 dogs out of a total of 317dogs (40.3%) treated at orthopedic clinics in Chiang Mai, Thailand, from October 2006 through May 2011. Patellarluxation was most frequently found in small breeds, among which Poodles were the most commonly affected (34.3%).Most luxations were medial (89%), and 57.8% of affected dogs were female. Uniluxation of the patella was found in63%, and biluxation in 37%. Most dogs were classified as patellar luxation grade III. Cranial cruciate ligament rupturewas found only in medial patellar luxation grade IV. This study …

Heart Rate Change During Aquatic Exercise In Small, Medium And Large Healthy Dogs, Korakot Nganvongpanit, Siriphun Kongsawasdi, Bussaba Chuatrakoon, Terdsak Yano

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study was divided into two experiments. For the first experiment, heart rates during exercise of 21healthy male dogs were recorded. The animals were brought to swim every 2 days, 8 times in all, for 10 minutes.Heart rates were measured every minute using a pulse watch. For the second experiment, 134 healthy adult dogswere categorized into three groups: small (41), medium (51) and large breed (42). Their heart rates were measuredevery minute for 34 minutes after the 5th swimming. In the first experiment, the heart rates during the 1st–4thswimming were significantly higher (p<0.05) than during the 5th 8th swimming. In the second experiment, the heartrates were significantly different (p<0.05) between small, medium and large dogs. No correlations were foundbetween weight, age, and heart rate. From the results of the second experiment, we were able to formulate anequation for predictable heart rate of each group of dogs (small, medium and large dogs). From the results, werecommend that the limits on the length of time spent for aquatic exercise should be 15–30 minutes, depending on thebreed (size) of dog. Moreover, there should be trainers observing each dog to prevent over-exercise.

Effect Of Dietary Fiber, Ocimum Canum And Psyllium Seed, In High Cholesterol-Diet Fed Rats, Alisara Suriyasomboon, Annop Suriyasomboon, Surachai Chantip, Amorn Petchsom

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to investigate the long term effect of dietary fiber, Ocimum canum and psylliumseed, on body weight and lipid level in blood of high cholesterol-diet fed rats. A total of 36 rats were divided into 3groups. There were 6-male and 6-female rats in each group. The control group (CTR) received the standard dietadded with 2.5% cholesterol of dry feed (HCD). The Occimum canum (Trt-OC) and the psyllium seed group (Trt-PS)received the HCD added with Occimum canum and psyllium seed at the amount of 10% of the dry feed, respectively.Daily feed intake was recorded. Body weight …

The Use Of Commercial Soil Nucleic Acid Extraction Kit And Nested Pcr For Detection Of Leptospira In Farm Environment After Flooding In Taiwan, Ying-Bin Fuh, Wei-Yau Shia, Wei-Ming Lee, Ching-Lin Shyu, Chi-Young Wang, Chang-Young Fei

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Leptospirosis is a rapidly transmitted and flood-related disease. The number of cases usually increase in thecountries of Southeast Asia after flood damage during typhoon seasons. This disease also poses a potential threat toTaiwan due to its geographic characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a practical technique for anestimation of the distribution of Leptospira in natural environment, especially after flood damage. The aim of thisstudy was to demonstrate the use of commercial soil nucleic acid extraction kits with nested PCR in the detection ofLeptospira spp. in the farm environment. The detection limit for Leptospira DNA was 24.24 pg. A total …

Antimicrobial Sensitivity Of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli (Apec) Isolated From Chickens During 2007-2010, Niwat Chansiripornchai, Sarawoot Mooljuntee, Pongthai Boonkhum

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Fifty isolates of Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolated from chickens during 2007-2010 were invitro tested to 21 antimicrobial discs. The highest sensitivity of APEC was to fosfomycin (84%). The second sensitivityagainst enrofloxacin and norfloxacin was 70%. The antimicrobial sensitivity to colistin, gentamicin, kanamycin,sulfametroxazole+trimethoprim, amoxicillin+clavulanic acid and doxycycline were 66, 64, 62, 60, 58 and 52%,respectively. The antimicrobial resistance of APEC to tylosin, tilmicosin, tiamulin, lincomycin, amoxicillin, ampicillin,erythromycin, cephalexin and neomycin were 100, 100, 100, 94, 86, 82, 80, 72 and 62%, respectively.

Toxicity Test Of Kameng (Eclipta Prostrate Linn.) And Kradhuawean (Spilanthes Acmella (Linn.) Murr.) To Early Life Stage Of Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) Aranya, Aranya Ponpornpisit, Nopadon Pirarat, Wanwipa Suthikrai, Anong Binwihok

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The toxicity of Kameng (Eclipta prostrate Linn.) and Kradhuawean (Spilanthes acmella (Linn.) Murr.) onzebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos was investigated. An aqueous crude extract of the leaves of each plant was tested withnewly spawned embryos in 96 well plates. The observed effect was based on the toxicity endpoint composed of lethal,sublethal and malformation effects appearing at 24, 48 and 144 hours post-fertilization (hpf). The results suggest thatthe lowest observed effect concentrations (LOEC) for a lethal and sublethal effect of Eclipta prostrate Linn. at 48 hpfwere 1% and 0.1% while the no observed effect concentrations (NOEC) for the lethal and sublethal effects …

Expression Of Aheabc Efflux System And Plasmid Profile Of Aeromonas Hydrophila Isolates From Farmed Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Mintra, Mintra Lukkana, Janenut Wongtavatchai, Rungtip Chuanchuen

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Fifty Aeromonas hydrophila isolates from farmed Nile Tilapia were characterized for expression of AheABCmultidrug efflux system and plasmid profile. Thirty nine isolates (78%) expressed AheABC with production of 1.7 to221.3 folds more than AheB of A. hydrophila ATCC35654, the reference. This suggests that the AheABC efflux systemis not always constitutively expressed in the A. hydrophila clinical isolates. The isolates with less AheB expressionwere more resistant to antibiotics than those with high AheB expression. Seventeen isolates were found to carryplasmids that were arranged into 11 plasmid profiles. This is the first study of the AheABC efflux system in A.hydrophila isolates from …

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Haemobilia: A Rare Cause Of Gastrointestinal Bleeding, L. Kamani, S. M. Faisal Mosharraf, Tanveer-Ul-Haq, Hasnain Ali Shah

Section of Gastroenterology

Iatrogenic injury to hepatic duct leading to pseudoaneurysm and haemobilia can occur following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We report a case of a 60 years old man presenting with haematemesis found to have pseudoaneurysm of accessory hepatic artery 4 months after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Diagnosis was made by computed tomography (CT) scan followed by celiac and mesenteric artery angiogram. The bleeding was successfully treated with coil embolization.

Effect Of Environmental Conditions On Perceived Psychological Restorativeness Of Coastal Parks, J. Aaron Hipp, Oladele A. Ogunseitan

Brown School Faculty Publications

We investigated the hypothesis that perception of psychological restorativeness during visits to coastal parks is modified by objective and perceived environmental conditions. Visitors (n=1,153) to California beaches completed a survey on perceived weather, environmental quality, and perceived restorativeness. We used generalized ordinal logistic models to estimate the association between environmental parameters and odds of perceiving higher levels of restorativeness. Visitors perceived greater restorativeness at beaches when ambient temperatures were at or below mean monthly temperatures and during low tides. The odds of perceiving the environment as more psychologically restorative were three times greater when visiting on days defined by government …

Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring In Stroke Survivors: What Do We Add To The Care Of Our Patients?, Shaista Anwar Sidddiqi, Ayeesha Kamran Kamal

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Home Environments In Residential Adjustment Decision Making In Later Life, Kimberly Joy Stoeckel

Graduate Doctoral Dissertations

Using the nationally representative Health and Retirement Study, this research explored the multi-faceted influence of the accessibility of housing environments on the occurrence and characteristics of residential adjustments made by older adults aged 70 or older. A range of housing adjustment outcomes were examined, including home modifications and relocation into age-segregated senior housing. Analysis of the accessibility gains following relocation was also included in the empirical analyses.

The Ecological Theory of Aging (Lawton & Nahemow, 1973) provided the conceptual framework for the research. The longitudinal design of the HRS empirically advanced understanding of the key theoretical constructs by sensitizing the …

Determining The Validity Of The Nintendo Wii Balance Board As An Assessment Tool For Balance, Sabrina Mae Deans

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Context. Application of the Nintendo Wii-fit balance board and its games have been used in Physical Therapy clinics, showing success in individuals with neurological disorders, and has been recommended as a minimum baseline assessment of a symptoms checklist and standardized cognitive and balance assessments for concussion management by the NCAA. However, it still faces challenges of being considered a reliable and consistent tool for producing normative data in the allied healthcare. Because there is little to no evidence for the Wii-fit balance board as a valid balance assessment tool for clinical and/or research usage, the significance of this study is …

Evaluation Of The Pilot Program, Pediatric Early Warning Sentinel Surveillance Program (Pewss), And Its Efficacy In Monitoring Pediatric Illness In Clark County, Nevada, Michelle Lee Lutman

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The influenza outbreak that occurred during 2009 stimulated the formation of several surveillance programs throughout the country. The majority monitor only influenza; however, there are several other circulating respiratory pathogens, especially within the pediatric community. These other respiratory pathogens cause a variety of illnesses, such as bronchitis, pneumonia, croup, etc. Prior research has provided the medical community with valuable information about respiratory illnesses, especially those which afflict pediatric patients. Areas of knowledge including seasonality, demographics, signs and symptoms, prevention measures, and pathogenicity, have been greatly expanded over the years. This information has been of tremendous help to the medical community …

Job Stress, Mentoring, Psychological Empowerment, And Job Satisfaction Among Nursing Faculty, Catherine Emily Ebersole Chung

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The National League for Nursing (NLN) endorses mentoring throughout the nursing faculty career trajectory as the method to recruit nurses into academia and improve retention of nursing faculty within the academy (NLN, 2006). One way mentoring assists faculty is by easing socialization to the culture of the employing institution and decreasing faculty stress (Lewallen, Crane, Letvak, Jones, & Hu, 2003). Mentoring can also be a facilitating factor of an individual's psychological empowerment. Academia is an environment able to foster psychological empowerment, a state in which faculty may be self-directed, highly productive, confident, and find a meaningful connection to their work …

Analysis Of The Morbidity And Mortality Of Severe Influenza Infection In Clark County, Nevada For The 2010--2011 Influenza Season, Kindra Maureen St. Jacques

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Influenza circulates in the community in a fairly predictable manner each year; however, throughout the duration of any influenza season, influenza strains have the ability to evolve through antigenic mutations, viral reassortment, development of anti-viral resistance, and alterations in virulence. These changes are likely to cause illness among the unimmunized and can result in severe illness or death. Therefore, it is especially important to closely monitor severe influenza-associated hospitalizations and deaths. The University of Nevada, Las Vegas in collaboration with the Southern Nevada Health District (SNHD), Office of Epidemiology (OOE) analyzed data from the severe hospitalized influenza morbidity and mortality …

Factors Which Influence The Use Of Active Learning Strategies By Nursing Faculty, Deborah Lowell Shindell

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Nursing education is facing a crisis. Anachronistic teaching methods are no longer keeping up with the needs of new graduates entering practice. Despite a body of knowledge which supports the use of active learning in higher education, nursing faculty continue to rely on lecture as their primary pedagogical approach. Previous study of the use of research products in clinical nursing practice identified systematic factors such as characteristics of the communication of research findings and characteristics of the organization form the greatest barrier to use. This study discovers if these same barriers face nursing educators.

Using Roger‟s Theory of Diffusion of …

Methodological Quality Of Quantitative Nursing Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, And Transgender Research From 2000 To 2010, Michael Johnson

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people constitute one of the largest underserved populations in any nursing setting. Despite the large LGBT populations, very little nursing research has been conducted on these populations. Nurse researchers have recommended that nursing researchers end the silence on LGBT research. To accomplish this, the methodological rigor of LGBT nursing research must be evaluated and improved upon. Currently, no literature examines the methodological quality of quantitative nursing LGBT research. Using a cross-sectional design, it was the purpose of this study to evaluate the methodological quality of quantitative nursing LGBT research from 2000 to 2010 using …

Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring In Stroke Survivors: What Do We Add To The Care Of Our Patients?, Shaista Anwar Sidddiqi, Ayeesha Kamran Kamal

Section of Neurology

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of 24r, 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 And 24s, 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 On Phosphate Transport In Vivo, Yu Meng

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This research studied the effects of the two isomers of 24,25(OH)₂D₃ on phosphate absorption in vivo to increase our understanding of the effects of 24,25(OH)₂D₃ on phosphate transport in vivo, and its two isomers. The current work demonstrates that 24R,25(OH)₂D₃ is capable of decreasing phosphate absorption after a 1h injection in vivo and 24S,25(OH)₂D₃ can increase phosphate absorption after a 5h injection, but this stimulation disappears at time points after 5h.

Since 24,25(OH)₂D₃ is made in vitamin D-replete animals, the observation that 24R,25(OH)₂D …

Does Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (Nsaid) Use Affect Dementia Progression And Survival Rates In Alzheimer's Disease? The Cache County Study, Trevor R. Buckley

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) has multiple factors that contribute to the disease process. Among these is a state of chronic inflammation that is endured by the brain during the aging process. The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) decreases the amount of neuroinflammation sustained by the brain, and greater levels of NSAID use have been demonstrated to be associated with decreased probability of developing AD. This study looked at whether greater rates of NSAID use were also associated with decreased rates of cognitive and funtional decline and survival in a population-based sample of persons with AD. Linear mixed models failed to …

Characterization Of Palmitic Acid Induced Lipotoxicity In Schwann Cells, Amelia Padilla

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Lipotoxicity is a response to lipid overload that has been associated with cellular dysfunction leading to cellular death. The mechanism of lipotoxicity and its impact on the nervous system is critical as it can lead to debilitating neurological conditions. This study examines key cellular events induced by palmitic acid lipotoxicity (PA-LTx) in Schwann cells cultured in euglycemic and hyperglycemic conditions. The data show that immortalized Schwann cell (iSC), as well as primary Schwann cell (pSC) cultures exposed to elevated levels of PA induced an apoptotic cell death that is dose and time-dependent. The earliest indication of cellular dysfunction was a …

Effects Of Neck Muscle Fatigue On The Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex, Amer Al Saif

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In order to maintain balance, the brain receives and processes input from multiple sensory systems including the visual, vestibular, and somatosensory systems. The information from these systems is sent to the brain where the information is then combined, organized and interpreted. This results in the output of reflexes (vestibulo-ocular reflex [VOR] and vestibulospinal reflex [VSR]). The VOR and the VSR work together with other motor systems to control gaze stability and control whole body equilibrium. Impairment in any of these sensory systems can result in dizziness, loss of balance, and visual instability. While the contributions of the visual, vestibular, and …

Reproductive Loss Due To Pestivirus Infection In Dairy Cattle Herds In Thailand, Jaruwan Kampa, Uthaiwan Sigh-Na, Kwankate Kanistanon, Suneerat Aiumlamai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Infection with bovine pestivirus, Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus (BVDV), causes significant loss in cattleproduction worldwide. A new type of bovine pestivirus, atypical pestivirus, was identified in natural infected calffirstly in Khon Kaen, Thailand in 2004. The epidemiological studies have been done in the area, but loss inreproduction due to the infection has never been accessed. This study aims to investigate losses in herd’sreproduction and update epidemiological data in the population where atypical pestivirus was found. During 2008-2009, 420 dairy herds in the area were classified according to infective status into high-positive and non-infectiveherds by antibody analysis in bulk tank milk …

Acute And Chronic Toxicity Of Moringa Oleifera Linn Leaves Extracts, Songpol Chivapat, Pornchai Sincharoenpokai, Nalinphat Saktiyasuthorn, Aussavachai Shuaprom, Pratom Thongsrirak, Apirak Sakpetch, Anudep Rungsipipat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Moringa oleifera leaves have been reported to possess potential hypotensive and hypocholesterolemic andhypoglycemic activities; nevertheless toxicological data of this herb in animal models have still been scanty. Theobjective of this study was to evaluate both acute and chronic toxicity of the water extract of M. oleifera leaves by oraladministration. Acute toxicity test in mice by gavage with the extract twice, each at the dose of 10 g/kg, revealed thatthe extract produced no acute toxic symptoms and gross lesions of vital organs. Chronic toxicity study wasinvestigated in eighty Wistar rats allocated into four groups, each of ten per sex. Group 1 …

A Study On The Association Between Number Of Impounded Days And Adoption Rate Of Stray Dogs At Public Animal Shelters In Changhua County, Taiwan, Meng-Chih Tung, Chang-Young Fei, Jeng-Tung Chiang, Kwong-Chung Tung

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

According to the adoption records of the animal shelter in Changhua county from 2004 to 2010, this studyinvestigated if there was a statistically advantageous length of shelter stay, from the time when dogs impounded untiltheir adoption. The adoption records during this period of time showed that a total of 1,533 dogs were adopted. Thenumber of days for dogs to be impounded was divided into different categories and the adoption rate (number ofdogs in each category divided by the total number of dogs being adopted) was calculated. Statistical analyses wereperformed to investigate the association between the number of days of impoundment …