Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Scival Experts: A Collaborative Tool, Emily J. Vardell, Tanya Feddern-Bekcan, Mary Moore Phd

Faculty Research, Publications, and Presentations

SciVal Experts is a resource for finding experts and fostering collaboration. The tool creates researcher profiles with automatically updated publication and grant information and faculty-inputted curriculum vitae, more fully capturing a researcher’s body of work. SciVal Experts indexes campus-based “experts” by research topic, allowing faculty to find potential research partners and mentors, furthering translational research opportunities and dissemination of knowledge.

Libraries And Publishers Respond To Disaster With Groundbreaking Collaboration, Mary Moore Phd, Suzetta Burrows Mls, Maria Collins, Nancy Roderer

Faculty Research, Publications, and Presentations

The earthquake in Haiti prompted significant response from both health care workers and health sciences libraries. Individual libraries in the U.S. and elsewhere struggled to determine the best ways to support relief workers with health information resources and services. This column describes the Haiti earthquake and the response of health care workers, one organization’s experience in delivering services on the frontlines, the response of one library and its struggles to make information resources available, and the Emergency Access Initiative (EAI), an effective solution to offering information resources in times of disaster developed and implemented by the National Library of Medicine …

Trends In Authorship Order In Biomedical Research Publications, Suzetta Burrows Mls, Mary Moore Phd

Faculty Research, Publications, and Presentations

As research teams have grown larger, authorship lists of resulting publications have become longer. Organizations and journals have issued statements about ethical authorship, nature of contribution, and author responsibility, but author order is less frequently addressed. Unless the contribution of a co-author is specified, readers make their own assumptions about author contributions because practices on author order in the byline vary by discipline, journal, editor, publisher, scientific society, institution, country, and the authors themselves. Because contributions are often subject to misinterpretation and publications have become proof of scientific productivity and impact, it is increasingly important that authors themselves specify to …

Research Scholarly Activity Program - Effective Presentation Techniques, Mary Moore Phd

Faculty Research, Publications, and Presentations

This PowerPoint is from a lecture for the Miller School of Medicine's Resident Scholarly Activity Program for medical residents. The lecture is used to teach residents about effective presentation techniques for case reports, journal clubs, research poster presentations, and professional papers. This set is intended for medical residents who have attended the session and who have requested handouts of the slides. The PowerPoint is not designed to stand alone.

What Is The Caregivers' (Certified Nursing Assistant) Perception Of Their Role While Caring For A Patient In The Household Model?, Daniyele Feaster

Nursing Theses and Capstone Projects

This was a mixed design study that assessed the caregivers' perception of their role while caring for patients in the household model. A sample of 12 caregivers currently employed in a long-term care facility operating in the household model was asked to complete a survey and answer 11 questions during a one on one interview. This interview tool allowed the caregivers the opportunity to rate their personal experiences, environment and express their feelings associated with their role as a certified nursing assistant working in a household model. The results indicated that the caregivers enjoyed working in the household environment and …

Protocol Adherence During Inter-Facility Transfer Of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Treated With Iv Rtpa, Robin Reed Jones

Nursing Theses and Capstone Projects

Stroke is a common and serious health disorder, affecting approximately 795,000 people in the United States every year. Intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV rtPA) is the only FDA approved thrombolytic for treating acute ischemic stroke within 3 hours of symptom onset. Patients treated at rural health centers are often transported within hours to the closest primary stroke center. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the structure, process and outcomes related to the inter-facility transport of ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous rtPA. The Quality-Caring Model© was the guiding framework.

A quantitative, retrospective, non-experimental analysis of inter-facility transport …

Identifying Resiliency Factors In Commercially Sexually Exploited And Trafficked Youth: A Qualitative Study, Pamela Gutherie

Selected Full Text Dissertations, 2011-

Although exact numbers are unknown, the largest prevalence study to date has estimated that between 1999-2000 alone a minimum of 244,000 children were at risk for being commercially sexually exploited in the United States, a number based on findings that approximately 70% of street youth and 30% of shelter youth engage in survival sex (Estes & Weiner, 2001). The consequences of commercial sexual exploitation can be devastating and range from mental and physical health problems, substance abuse, physical and sexual violence to death (Kramer & Berg, 2003). While some risk factors have been identified, with childhood sexual abuse being the …

National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statement: Safe Weight Loss And Maintenance Practices In Sport And Exercise, Paula Sammarone Turocy, Bernard F. Depalma, Craig A. Horswill, Kathleen M. Laquale, Thomas J. Martin, Arlette C. Perry, Marla J. Somova, Alan C. Utter

Movement Arts, Health Promotion and Leisure Studies Faculty Publications

Objective: To present athletic trainers with recommendations for safe weight loss and weight maintenance practices for athletes and active clients and to provide athletes, clients, coaches, and parents with safe guidelines that will allow athletes and clients to achieve and maintain weight and body composition goals.

Background: Unsafe weight management practices can compromise athletic performance and negatively affect health. Athletes and clients often attempt to lose weight by not eating, limiting caloric or specific nutrients from the diet, engaging in pathogenic weight control behaviors, and restricting fluids. These people often respond to pressures of the sport or activity, coaches, peers, …

Psychobehavioral Attributes Of Body Image In College Freshmen And Seniors: Implications For Long-Term Health, James E. Leone, Julie A. Patridge, Suanne Maurer-Starks

Movement Arts, Health Promotion and Leisure Studies Faculty Publications

Introduction: Understanding and assessing behavioral risk factors, particularly among college populations, is challenging for health educators. Similarly, issues affecting mental health remain unclear in terms of how body image evolves year to year in college students. A better understanding of how students perceive their bodies and to what extent it affects behavior is needed. Purpose: This study assessed psychobehavioral aspects of body image perception and discrepancy in college students to better identify risk behaviors. Methods: Two surveys (Body Image Questionnaire and Behavior Assessment Questionnaire) were administered to college freshmen and seniors (N = 170).

Results: Students engaged in unhealthy body …

Latex: It's Not Just For Condoms! A Learning Experience To Actively Engage And Educate Students Regarding Testicular Anomalies, James E. Leone, Suanne Maurer-Starks, J. Williamson

Movement Arts, Health Promotion and Leisure Studies Faculty Publications

Testicular cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer among younger males, and, if detected early, it is highly curable.

Objectives: Specific to testicular cancer, after this lesson, students will be able to (1) identify the two main forms, (2) identify genetic and behavioral risk factors, (3) access valid and reliable information, (4) assess personal beliefs/feelings about testicular self-exams (TSEs), and (5) correctly identify pathological and non-pathological testes as demonstrated through palpation of latex models.

Primary Audience: High-school through college-aged students. The instructor may decide to present the lesson in single sex classrooms if student or parent discomfort level exists.

Short-Term And Long-Term Effects Of Orthopedic Biodegradable Implants, Ami R. Amini, James S. Wallace, Syam P. Nukavarapu

Articles - Patient Care

Presently, orthopedic and oral/maxillofacial implants represent a combined $2.8 billion market, a figure expected to experience significant and continued growth. Although traditional permanent implants have been proved clinically efficacious, they are also associated with several drawbacks, including secondary revision and removal surgeries. Non-permanent, biodegradable implants offer a promising alternative for patients, as they provide temporary support and degrade at a rate matching tissue formation, and thus, eliminate the need for secondary surgeries. These implants have been in clinical use for nearly 25 years, competing directly with, or maybe even exceeding, the performance of permanent implants. The initial implantation of biodegradable …

Uconn School Of Medicine Dean's Newsletter, Winter 2011, Cato T. Laurencin

Annual Reports - Education

No abstract provided.

Therapeutic Touch And Cancer Cells, Gloria A. Gronowicz

UCHC Graduate School Masters Theses 2003 - 2010

Energy medicine therapies based on a human biofield have been practiced for thousands of years and can trace their origin in Ayurveda. Our goal was to determine if Therapeutic Touch (TT), a more recently developed energy medicine practice, had any effects on cancer cells. Previous work in our laboratory demonstrated that TT significantly increased the growth of normal human osteoblasts and increased the synthesis of bone matrix proteins and mineralization in cell culture. In this study as was practiced in our previous studies, TT was performed twice a week for 10 minutes and was compared to untreated cultures and 'placebo-treated" …

Experiences Of Participants In A Collaborative To Develop Performance Measures For Hospice Care, Meliessa Hennessy

UCHC Articles - Research

Background There has been increasing attention paid to quality assessment in hospice as the industry has grown and diversified. In response, policymakers have called for standardized approaches to monitoring hospice quality. The experiences of a set of hospices involved with the National Association for Home Care & Hospice (NAHC) Quality Assessment and Performance Improvement Collaborative, which was designed to test the use of a standardized patient symptom assessment tool as an exemplar of efforts to standardize symptom assessment in hospice, were examined. Methods Transcripts of semistructured telephone interviews with 24 individuals from eight of the nine participating hospices, which were …

The Effects Of A Net‐Centric Communication Tool On Communication Monitoring And Threat Detection, Kelly Satterfield, Victor Finomore, Courtney Castle

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

Command and Control (C2) operators rely heavily on radio and chat communication as well as tactical displays to efficiently plan, direct, coordinate, and control assets. The integration of information for the C2 operator is critical for mission success. This environment, which is communication intensive, imposes a high degree of workload on operators thus resulting in failures of detection or comprehension of critical messages. Multi‐Modal Communication (MMC) is a net‐centric communication management suite with advanced tools to better equip the warfighter in managing their communication. This study examined performance associated with monitoring communication channels, while also monitoring a dynamic tactical visual …

Occurrence Human Factors Analysis Model (Ohfam), Luo Min, Rong Mei, Li Jing

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

In order to enhance the classification, analysis and utilization of safety information, China civil aviation develops a more suitable model named “Occurrence Human Factors Analysis Model(OHFAM)” ,which based on the “Human Factors Analysis and Classification System” (HFACS) and the actual operation conditions and characteristics of China civil aviation. This model consists of five layers and especially adds the layer of “Government Supervision” which reflects the deficiency of regulatory authorities in Safety Supervision. On the basis of safety information analysis and extensive research, OHFAM considers safety culture and operational characteristics of China civil aviation, and offers five layers in details from …

Digital Taxi Clearances In Airport Traffic Control Towers – Interface Design And Results From A High-Fidelity Simulation Experiment, Todd R. Truitt Ph.D.

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

The experiment examined the effects of Digital taxi (D-Taxi) clearances when either 40% or 75% of the departure aircraft were data link equipped and compared these conditions to voice-only operations. Sixteen Airport Traffic Control Tower controllers used the Tower Operations Digital Data System at the ground control and local control positions to control airport traffic with a 270- degree simulated out-the-window view. The controllers worked at each position in each experimental condition, provided ratings of subjective workload, and responded to questionnaires. D-Taxi clearances for departure aircraft reduced voice communication between pilots and the ground controller when 75% of the aircraft …

Assessing Crewworkload On An Instrument Meteorological Approach Into A Nonradar Airport, Marilyn French-St. George Ph.D.

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

European Air Traffic Management Program (CARE, 2003) recommendations for a 3- phased approach to workload assessment provided Transportation Safety Board investigators insight into how operating conditions for approaches into a non-radar airport under instrument meteorological conditions impact crew workload. It was possible to develop and use secondary task questions for three of four cognitive task domains. Qualitative assessment of verbal responses illustrated how crews use verbal information to support mental models. A trend towards longer response times for the cognitively more demanding questions supported the hypothesis that maintaining situational awareness of flight status within the approach sequence is cognitively more …

Human Factors Issues Of Navigation Reference System Waypoints, Shawn Pruchnicki, Bonny Christopher

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

As part of the Next Generation Air Transportation System initiative the Navigation Reference System waypoint grid was developed to realize additional benefits of area navigation. Despite industry and government involvement in the original design of the grid, it has been met by operators and air traffic controllers with limited enthusiasm. The FAA is sponsoring research to identify human factors issues that might explain this lack of usage and the development of mitigations or recommendations for those issues discovered. In this paper, we will discuss our initial examination of the Navigation Reference System and review potential recommendations to several areas for …

Human Performance Training: Successes And Failures In Civil Aviation, Alan E. Diehl Ph.D.

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

For over twenty years, two similar types of training have attempted to reduce aviator caused accidents. Crew Resource Management was widely adopted by U.S. airlines, and has generally been credited with helping to dramatically reduce their accident rates. Interestingly, CRM was embraced with little scientific evidence that it could actually reduce operational errors. In contrast, Aeronautical Decision Making, aimed at general aviation users, underwent a series of double-blind experiments before being adopted. And, although some users suggested ADM training significantly reduced their accidents, it was never fully implemented. This may explain the limited improvement in general aviation accident rates, when …

A Preliminary Analysis Of Aeronautical Services In Air Navigation Activity, Lisia Maria Espinola Da Silva Pacheco Cabral, Igor Costa, Luciana Da Costa Leal, Dulce Maria Saint Pastous Madureira, Stael Prata Mendes, Edméia Moreira, Cristina Juliet De Jesus Reuter, Silvyanne Di Paula Santos Leão, Allan Tavares

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

DECEA - Air Space Control Department regulates Air Navigation activity in Brazil and authorizes military and civilian organizations to provide aeronautical services. This article presents a preliminary analysis of brazilian Air Navigation activity involving the following aeronautical services provided by a civilian organization: Air Traffic Control, Management and Telecommunication; Aeronautical Meteorology; and Aeronautical Information. This analysis is based on civilian psychologists´ professional practice and has the main purpose to subsidize Human Factors preventive approaches and studies to contribute to more proactive and predictive safety interventions; improvements on organizational safety culture, workers´ performance and interfaces (BRASIL, 2010a; ABERGO, 2010).

Mishap Reduction Training For C-130j Crews, Robert Nullmeyer, Alan Spiker, Greg Deen

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

The C-130J is an advanced automation aircraft flown with a smaller crew than its tactical airlift predecessors. It is seeing increased action in theater. The Air Mobility Command sponsored a multi-prong project to improve C-130J aircrew training for operations in high threat environments: (1) analyze C-130J and related platform (C-130 E/H, C-17) mishap reports, (2) survey C-130J crew real world experiences regarding threats to safety, and (3) observe C-130J crews as they plan and execute a challenging, tactically relevant simulator scenario. The Air Force C-130J safety record is enviable—no crew-caused Class A mishaps and low rates across all mishap categories …

Better-Than-Visual Technologies For Next Generation Air Transportation System Terminal Maneuvering Area Operations, Lawrence J. Prinzel Iii, Randall E. Bailey, Kevin J. Shelton, Denise R. Jones, Lynda J. Kramer, Jarvis J. Arthur Iii, Steve P. Williams, Bryan E. Barmore, Kyle E. Ellis, Sherri A. Rehfeld

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

A consortium of industry, academia and government agencies are devising new concepts for future U.S. aviation operations under the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen). Many key capabilities are being identified to enable NextGen, including the concept of Equivalent Visual Operations (EVO) – replicating the capacity and safety of today’s visual flight rules (VFR) in all-weather conditions. NASA is striving to develop the technologies and knowledge to enable EVO and to extend EVO towards a “Better-Than-Visual” (BTV) operational concept. The BTV operational concept uses an electronic means to provide sufficient visual references of the external world and other required flight …

How Thoroughly Do Proposed Nextgen Mid-Term Operational Improvements Address Existing Threats?, Jon Holbrook, Nicole Stasio, Lori Mcdonnell, Antonio Puentes, Kimberly Jobe, Bettina Beard

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

The goals of the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) include improved safety, increased capacity, increased efficiency, and reduced environmental impact. The FAA has developed 46 mid-term Operational Improvements (OIs) to facilitate initial realization of these benefits in the 2015 – 2018 timeframe. These OIs describe changes in technologies, policies and procedures from current-day air and ground operations designed to mitigate safety, capacity, efficiency, and environmental issues. The main goal of this project was to investigate how thoroughly threats to safety present in today’s operations are addressed by the OIs. These threats, without mitigation, could remain …

Zagreb, Tenerife And Cove Neck: Revisiting The Assumptions Underlying Icao’S Language Proficiency Program, Simon Cookson

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

In 1976 a DC-9 and a Trident 3B collided over Zagreb in the former Yugoslavia; in 1977 two Boeing 747s collided on the ground in Tenerife; and in 1990 a Boeing 707 ran out of fuel after a missed approach and crashed at Cove Neck. Because they involved language issues and resulted in 832 deaths, these three accidents have been cited by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) in justification of a worldwide program to improve the language proficiency of pilots and air traffic controllers. This paper shows that: (1) both linguistic and non-linguistic causal factors contributed to each accident; …

Safety Culture Maturity Assessment In Air Traffic Management: Ready-To-Go?, Michaela Heese, K. Wolfgang Kallus, Werner Artner, Thomas Marek

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

Safety is the number one priority in Aviation and it has long been recognized that a Safety Management System (SMS) cannot be effective without an appropriate safety culture. The Civil Air Navigation Service Organisation (CANSO, 2009) in line with international regulatory requirements has defined safety culture as the ‘enabler that integrates the various SMS elements into a coherent system.’ This paper reports findings and recommendations following a pilot implementation of a ‘ready-to-go’ safety culture survey developed by CANSO at a local Air Navigation Service Provider. In addition correlations with related concepts such as resilience, organisational citizenship behavior as well as …

Development Of A Crm Skills Measurement Method Including Threat And Error Management Concept, Tomoko Iijima, Hiroka Tsuda, Fumio Noda

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has developed a Crew Resource Management (CRM) Skills measurement method that includes a Threat and Error Management (TEM) concept and identifies a crew’s level of CRM Skills by the way in which they manage human errors and threats. To validate the method, a CRM Skills measurement experiment was carried out by four raters using Line Oriented Flight Training (LOFT) scenarios. To increase inter-rater reliability, the raters collated their results to develop “True Scores”. The experiment identified factors contributing to individual scoring differences between the raters and provided information for improving the CRM Skills rating …

Nextgen Flight Deck Surface Trajectory-Based Operations (Stbo): Speed-Based Taxi Clearances, Deborah L. Bakowski, David C. Foyle, Christina L. Kunkle, Becky L. Hooey, Kevin P. Jordan

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

A pilot-in-the-loop simulation was conducted that required pilots to taxi following acceleration and speed profiles under two Speed-conformance conditions (Defined and Undefined). Pilots were given a commanded speed in both conditions, however, in the Defined Speed-conformance condition, air traffic control (ATC) issued alerts when the aircraft speed exceeded a +/- 1.5 kt speed range. A current-day, baseline trial with no required speed profile was also included. While pilots achieved required time of arrival (RTA) errors of less than 10 sec in each condition, both Speed-conformance conditions produced more visual fixation time on the speed tape, located head-down on the primary …

Examining The Validity Of Traditional Risky Flight Behavioral Measures Across A Variety Of Risky Flying Activities, Justin Drinkwater, Dr. Brett Molesworth

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

Predicting pilots’ willingness to engage in a variety of risky activities has implications for the selection and training of pilots (Drinkwater & Molesworth, 2010). In addition to traditional predictors of safety such as flight experience and age, a variety of measures have been employed that examine pilots’ attitudes and risk perceptions (Hunter, 2002). However, in order to test their predictive validity, they are often paired with a single behavioral measure, nominally a simulated flight with a stable level of risk, potentially limiting their ability to predict pilots’ risk management behavior accurately. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to …

Visual Vs. Auditory Memory In An Aviation Task: A Potential Performance Theory Analysis, Gayle Hunt, Stephen Rice, David Trafimow, Jeremy Schwark, Joshua Sandry, Lisa Busche, Kasha Geels

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

Information can be relayed to pilots by visual presentation or auditory presentation; both methods are frequently used. To date, there is quite a bit of conflicting literature regarding which type of communication is most effective for recalling information. The current study tested memory differences between digits presented visually or audibly in number strings. Results showed that performance in the visual presentation condition was superior to the auditory presentation condition. However, when a PPT analysis was conducted on the data, it was revealed that performance in the visual condition was only superior because participants were more consistent in that condition compared …