Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Critical Review Of Audiological Outcome Measures For Infants And Children, Marlene P. Bagatto, Sheila T. Moodie, Richard C. Seewald, Doreen J. Bartlett, Susan D. Scollie

Communication Sciences and Disorders Publications

Outcome evaluation is an important stage in the pediatric hearing aid fitting process, however a systematic way of evaluating outcome in the pediatric audiology population is lacking. This is in part due to the need for an evidence-based outcome evaluation guideline for infants and children with hearing loss who wear hearing aids. As part of the development of a guideline, a critical review of the existing pediatric audiology outcome evaluation tools was conducted. Subjective outcome evaluation tools that measure auditory-related behaviors in children from birth to 6 years of age were critically appraised using a published grading system (Andresen, 2000). …

Ccr3 Inhibition For Ocular Angiogenesis And Macular Degeneration, Jayakrishna Ambati

Ophthalmology and Visual Science Faculty Patents

Provided are methods and compositions for the treatment or prevention of ocular angiogenesis and neovascularization. Administration of inhibitors of the CCR3 receptor or its ligands eotaxin (CCL11), eotaxin-2 (CCL24) or eotaxin-3 (CCL26) inhibits ocular angiogenesis.

16-Year Trends In The Infection Burden For Pacemakers And Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators In The United States 1993 To 2008., Arnold J Greenspon, Jasmine D Patel, Edmund Lau, Jorge A Ochoa, Daniel R Frisch, Reginald T Ho, Behzad B Pavri, Steven M Kurtz

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: We analyzed the infection burden associated with the implantation of cardiac implantable electrophysiological devices (CIEDs) in the United States for the years 1993 to 2008.

BACKGROUND: Recent data suggest that the rate of infection following CIED implantation may be increasing.

METHODS: The Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) discharge records were queried between 1993 and 2008 using the 9th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9-CM). CIED infection was defined as either: 1) ICD-9 code for device-related infection (996.61) and any CIED procedure or removal code; or 2) CIED procedure code along with systemic infection. Patient health profile was evaluated …

A Quantitative Method For Reproducible Ionization Chamber Alignment To A Water Surface For External Beam Radiation Therapy Depth Dose Measurements, James Ververs

Theses and Dissertations

Ionization chambers (ICs) are the most commonly used detectors for radiation therapy dose measurements. Typical IC measurements use cylindrical ICs in a water phantom and therefore require initial IC alignment to the water surface. This alignment has long been ignored and only recently has a qualitative governing recommendation been made. This thesis describes a reproducible methodology for quantitative ionization chamber water surface alignment. Depth-ionization measurements are taken with twenty-eight IC designs under varying conditions including, but not limited to, changes in scan direction, speed, and resolution, radiation beam type, field size, energy, and electron contamination. Measurements are acquired using standard …

Empirical Data Mining: Conservation Of Nursing Energy And Care Capacity In Medical-Surgical Hospital Work Environments, Ann L. Hendrich

Dissertations (1 year embargo)

Ann L. Hendrich

Loyola University Chicago

EMPIRICAL DATA MINING: CONSERVATION OF NURSING ENERGY AND CARE CAPACITY IN MEDICAL-SURGICAL HOSPITAL WORK ENVIRONMENTS

Nurses are a critical component of the hospital care delivery system and provide essential observation and surveillance of inpatients. Mounting evidence describes an association between nurse staffing, the nurse work environment, and patient and nurse outcomes. In particular, more registered nurse hours per patient day have been linked to reduced patient mortality. However, recent studies indicate that only a minority of nursing time is dedicated to patient observation and assessment of vital signs. Therefore, increasing the proportion of nursing …

Spiking Patterns And Their Functional Implications In The Antennal Lobe Of The Tobacco Hornworm Manduca Sexta, Hong Lei, Carolina E. Reisenman, Caroline H. Wilson, Prasad Gabbur, John G. Hildebrand

Health Sciences and Kinesiology Faculty Articles

Bursting as well as tonic firing patterns have been described in various sensory systems. In the olfactory system, spontaneous bursts have been observed in neurons distributed across several synaptic levels, from the periphery, to the olfactory bulb (OB) and to the olfactory cortex. Several in vitro studies indicate that spontaneous firing patterns may be viewed as “fingerprints” of different types of neurons that exhibit distinct functions in the OB. It is still not known, however, if and how neuronal burstiness is correlated with the coding of natural olfactory stimuli. We thus conducted an in vivo study to probe this question …

Preventive Medicine Introduction, F. Douglas Scutchfield Md

Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health Presentations

No abstract provided.

Left Ventricular Assist Devices: Engineering Design Considerations, Marwan A. Simaan, Eduardo Divo, George Faragallah, Yu Wang

Publications

Patients with end-stage congestive heart failure awaiting heart transplantation often wait long periods of time (300 days or more on the average) before a suitable donor heart becomes available. The medical community has placed increased emphasis on the use of Left Ventricular Assist Devices or LVADs that can substitute for, or enhance, the function of the natural heart while the patient is waiting for the heart transplant (Poirier, 1997; Frazier & Myers, 1999). Essentially, a rotary LVAD is a pump that operates continuously directing blood from the left ventricle into the aorta by avoiding the aortic valve. Generally speaking, the …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - August 28, 2011, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the August 28, 2011 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include

• Board of Trustees Visits USA Children's & Women's Hospital

• Five USA Physicians Named 'Top Doctors'

• Clyde Huggins Recipients Announced at 2011 Medical Student Research Day

• 'We Gave Him His Life Back'

• Next Week's DSS - Dr. Indu Ambudkar

• USA College of Medicine Welcomes New Ob/Gyn Chair Dr. David F. Lewis

Health-Related Quality Of Life In The Gender, Race, And Clinical Experience Trial., Judith Feinberg, Michael Saag, Kathleen Squires, Judith Currier, Robert Ryan, Bruce Coate, Joseph Mrus

Division of Infectious Diseases and Environmental Medicine Faculty Papers

Background. We report health-related QoL (HRQoL) from GRACE (Gender, Race, And Clinical Experience) study by sex and race over 48 weeks. Methods. 429 treatment-experienced adults (HIV-1 RNA ≥ 1000 copies/mL) received darunavir/ritonavir 600/100 mg twice daily plus an appropriate background regimen. QoL was measured by the Functional Assessment of HIV Infection (FAHI) questionnaire. Results. 67% women and 77% men, including 67.4% black, 76.0% Hispanic, and 73.8% white patients, completed the trial. Baseline total FAHI scores were similar between sexes and races. Total FAHI of the entire population improved by Week 4 (P < .05); near-maximum changes obtained by Week 12 were maintained through Week 48. Women and black patients demonstrated larger improvements in total FAHI versus men, and Hispanic and white patients, respectively. Conclusion. HRQoL improved in all sex and racial/ethnic groups. Sex-based and race-based differences in improvements in FAHI subscales may provide insight into subtle differences of HIV-1 and treatment on HRQoL in different populations.

Today - August 26, 2011, Loma Linda University

TODAY

Inside this issue:

-- Loma Linda University Medical Center ranked No. 1 among Inland Empire hospitals
-- Twenty-seven LLUMC physicians included among U.S. News & World Report's Top Doctors
-- LLU advancement administrator receives Milton Trailblazer Award
-- Loma Linda University named among top 15 institutions for conferring degrees to minority students
-- Loma Linda University pharmacy residency program: a course of growth
-- Don Roth, General Conference representative, passes away
-- Innerweave: The Wholeness Story
-- Public health professor elected to nonprofit board of directors
-- Nutrition professor elected executive leader of California Dietetics Association
-- Loma Linda University …

Interpersonal Aggression Perpetration: Static And Emotion Regulation Risk Factors, Jill Panuzio

Department of Psychology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Intimate partner aggression (IPA) is a serious public health problem for both men and women in the United States. With aspirations of alleviating the significant negative effects of IPA, a substantial body of literature has been devoted to uncovering risk factors for IPA perpetration. Much of this research has focused on static, or relatively stable, factors that may influence IPA, such as life stress, distress tolerance, rumination, and jealousy. However, considering situational variables that influence individuals more proximally to aggressive acts, in conjunction with these static factors, may provide more precise prediction of partner aggression. Current theoretical and empirical work …

Uncertain Progress On The Fuzzy Boundaries Of Alzheimer's Disease: Reading Between The Guidelines, Peter J. Whitehouse

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of The Global Association Between Cholesterol-Associated Polymorphisms And Alzheimer's Disease Suggests A Role For Rs3846662 And Hmgcr Splicing In Disease Risk, Christopher R. Simmons, Fanggeng Zou, Steven G Younkin, Steven Estus

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP)s that are essentially unequivocally associated with peripheral cholesterol. Since the alleles of the APOE gene, which modulate peripheral cholesterol metabolism, and midlife plasma cholesterol are both associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk, we have evaluated the hypothesis that SNPs associated with plasma cholesterol are also associated with AD.

RESULTS: Seventeen non-APOE SNPs reproducibly associated with cholesterol per GWAS were tested for association with AD in ~2,000 AD and ~4,000 non-AD subjects. As a group, these SNPs are associated with AD. Two SNPs in particular, rs3846662 and rs1532085, are …

Vitamin A Supplements For Preventing Mortality, Illness, And Blindness In Children Aged Under 5: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Evan Mayo-Wilson, Aamer Imdad, Kurt Herzer, Mohammad Yawar Yakoob, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Woman and Child Health

Objective:To determine if vitamin A supplementation is associated with reductions in mortality and morbidity in children aged 6 months to 5 years.
Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Two reviewers independently assessed studies for inclusion. Data were double extracted, discrepancies were resolved by discussion. Meta-analyses were performed for mortality, illness, vision, and side effects. Data sources: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in the Cochrane Library, Medline, Embase, Global Health, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences, metaRegister of Controlled Trials, and African Index Medicus. Databases were searched to April 2010 without restriction by language or publication status.
Eligibility criteria …

A Randomized-Controlled Trial Of Steroid Injection In The Management Of Plantar Fasciitis At The Aga Khan University Hospital, Abdi H. Mohamed

Master of Medicine in General Surgery

Background: Plantar fasciitis is a common painful condition often associated with significant morbidity. Its management varies among clinicians because no single treatment has strong scientific evidence to support its use to improve outcome. Patients present to clinicians with pain and disability but most patients with plantar fasciitis eventually improve over time irrespective of the modality of treatment provided. Steroid injections are one of the more commonly used modalities and the response to the treatment is varied and unpredictable. Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare the effects of two treatment options for plantar fasciitis: steroid injections with conservative …

Determinan Kinerja Dan Kompetensi Bidan Di Provinsi Sumatera Utara, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Kalimantan Barat, Dan Sulawesi Selatan, Ronald Hutapea

Kesmas

Kinerja sesungguhnya dari seorang bidan ditentukan oleh beberapa faktor yang berpengaruh sejak masa pendidikan bidan yang ditempuhnya. Banyak variabel yang dapat saling mempengaruhi untuk membentuk kemampuannya dalam menjalankan tugas. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sistem bertujuan untuk menetapkan korelasi dari beberapa variabel yang terdapat dalam ke-4 komponen pendidikan bidan yakni input, process, output, dan outcome. Dengan cara survei, sebanyak 261 responden dari 4 provinsi yaitu Sumatera Utara, Kalimantan Barat, Sulawesi Selatan, dan Nusa Tenggara Timur diminta untuk menilai kinerja bidan. Selanjutnya, suatu survei mendalam diadakan terhadap 107 bidan untuk meneliti korelasi dari sejumlah variabel yang mempengaruhi proses pendidikannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan …

Analisis Faktor Determinan Permasalahan Pelayanan Kesehatan Ibu Dan Anak, Zahtamal Zahtamal, Tuti Restuastuti, Fifia Chandra

Kesmas

Masalah kesehatan yang dihadapi Indonesia kini adalah status kesehatan masyarakat yang rendah, antara lain ditandai dengan angka kematian ibu dan bayi yang tinggi serta masih banyak indikator pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak (KIA) yang belum ideal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan permasalahan pelayanan KIA. Desain penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah cross sectional, data faktor predisposisi dikumpulkan dari 550 orang responden yang tersebar di 4 kabupaten/kota dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Selanjutnya, data faktor determinan yang lain dikumpulkan dengan wawancara pada informan antara lain kepala dinas kesehatan kabupaten/kota dan kepala subdinas kesehatan keluarga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor …

Kajian Keselamatan Kebakaran Pada Lima Sekolah Dasar Di Dki Jakarta, Fatma Lestari, Sandra Fikawati, Ahmad Syafiq, Anisa Sukmaningtias

Kesmas

Kebakaran gedung di Indonesia merupakan masalah besar. Untuk mengkaji keselamatan kebakaran, telah dilakukan penelitian kualitatif di sekolah-sekolah dasar negeri (SDN) di Daerah Khusus Ibu Kota (DKI) Jakarta. Tiga SDN di Jakarta Selatan (SDN Pondok Labu 11 Pagi, SDN Pondok Labu 12 Pagi, dan SDN Pondok Labu 15 Pagi) dan 2 SDN di Jakarta Timur (SDN Kramat Jati 16 Pagi dan SDN Kramat Jati 18 Pagi) dipilih sebagai sampel secara purposif. Empat komponen keselamatan kebakaran yang diatur regulasi (sarana proteksi kebakaran, akses mobil pemadam kebakaran, sarana penyelamatan jiwa, dan Manajemen Keselamatan Kebakaran Gedung (MKKG) dikaji secara kualitiatif dengan mewawancarai orangorang yang …

Hubungan Kadar Timbel Dalam Darah Dengan Kadar Hemoglobin Dan Hematokrit Pada Petugas Pintu Tol Jagorawi, Tan Malaka, Meiri Iryani

Kesmas

Penelitian tentang hubungan antara kadar timbel dalam darah dengan anemia yang tercermin dalam kadar hemoglobin dan hematokrit pada petugas pintu tol Jagorawi Jakarta. Landasan teori penelitian ini adalah hasil pemantauan kualitas udara Daerah Khusus Ibu Kota (DKI) Jakarta dimana kadar timbel di udara ambien melebihi Baku Mutu Lingkungan (BML) dan adanya petunjuk literatur bahwa timbel memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap sistem hemopoitik pada manusia. Seratus orang pekerja terpilih untuk penelitian ini. Sebanyak 12% dari pekerja yang merupakan subjek pada penelitian ini tergolong anemia berdasarkan kadar hemoglobin darah dan 10% anemia berdasarkan nilai hematokrit. Kadar timbel darah yang didapatkan pada penelitian ini …

Early Complications After Biliary Enteric Anastomosis For Benign Diseases: A Retrospective Analysis, Syed Nabeel Zafar, M. R. Khan, Rushna Raza, Muhammad N. Khan, Mahwash Kasi, Ammar Rafiq, Omer H. Jamy

Department of Surgery Docs

Background:Biliary-enteric anastomosis (BEA) is a common surgical procedure performed for the management of biliary obstruction or leakage that results from a variety of benign and malignant diseases. Complications following BEA are not rare. We aimed to determine the incidence and the factors associated with early complications occurring after BEA for benign diseases.

Methods:

We reviewed the medical records of all Patients who underwent BEA for benign diseases at our institution between January 1988 and December 2009. The primary outcome was early post operative complication. Logistic regression analysis was done to identify factors predicting the occurrence of complications.

Results:

Records …

Kesiapsiagaan Masyarakat Menghadapi Bencana Gunung Merapi: Studi Kasus Di Desa Umbulharjo, Sleman, Happy Ade Permanasari, Sunarto Sunarto

Kesmas

Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta adalah provinsi yang rawan bencana terutama Gunung Merapi. Untuk meminimalkan korban bencana dikembangkan program kesiapsiagaan masyarakat menghadapi bencana gunung merapi melalui desa siaga. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui pelaksanaan kegiatan dan penerapan program kesiapsiagaan masyarakat menghadapi bencana gunung merapi di Desa Siaga Umbulharjo. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian studi kasus dengan analisis kualitatif. Subjek yang diteliti adalah pelaku pelaksanaan kegiatan pada pelaksanaan desa siaga, sedangkan objek penelitian adalah situasi sosial dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi nonpartisipatif, wawancara mendalam, dokumentasi, member check, dan triangulasi. Pelaksanaan kegiatan sudah baik, pembiayaan sudah cukup, pelatihan-pelatihan sudah baik, sosialisasi, …

Supporting School Wellness Policices Through Game On! Implementation In 13 High-Need Connecticut Schools, Sarah M. Bourque

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Modification By Frailty Status Of Ambient Air Pollution Effects On Lung Function In Older Adults In The Cardiovascular Health Study, Sandrah P. Eckel, Thomas A. Louis, Paulo H.M. Chaves, Linda P. Fried, Helene G. Margolis

Johns Hopkins University, Dept. of Biostatistics Working Papers

Older adult susceptibility to air pollution health effects is well-recognized. Advanced age may act as a partial surrogate for conditions associated with aging. The authors investigated whether gerontologic frailty (a clinical health status metric) modified the effects of ambient ozone or particulate matter (PM10) air pollution on lung function in 3382 older adults using 7 years of followup data from the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) and the CHS Environmental Factors Ancillary Study. Monthly average pollution and annual frailty assessments were related to up to 3 repeated measurements of lung function using novel cumulative summaries of pollution and frailty histories that …

A Model Of Intracellular Θ Phase Precession Dependent On Intrinsic Subthreshold Membrane Currents., L Stan Leung

Physiology and Pharmacology Publications

A hippocampal place cell fires at an increasingly earlier phase in relation to the extracellular theta rhythm as a rodent moves through the place field. The present report presents a compartment model of a CA1 pyramidal cell that explains the increase in amplitude and the phase precession of intracellular theta oscillations, with the assumption that the cell receives an asymmetric ramp depolarization (<10 >mV) in the place field and rhythmic inhibitory and/or excitatory synaptic driving. Intracellular subthreshold membrane potential oscillations (MPOs) increase in amplitude and frequency, and show phase precession within the place field. Theta phase precession and MPO power …

Do-Or-Die Time For Huntington’S Clinical Trials, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

Validity Of Estimating Minute-By-Minute Energy Expenditure Of Continuous Walking Bouts By Accelerometry, Erin E. Kuffel, Scott E. Crouter, Jere D. Haas, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., David R. Bassett Jr

Faculty Publications

Background: Objective measurement of physical activity remains an important challenge. For wearable monitors such as accelerometer-based physical activity monitors, more accurate methods are needed to convert activity counts into energy expenditure (EE).

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the accuracy of the refined Crouter 2-Regression Model (C2RM) for estimating EE during the transition from rest to walking and walking to rest. A secondary purpose was to determine the extent of overestimation in minute-by-minute EE between the refined C2RM and the 2006 C2RM.

Methods: Thirty volunteers (age, 28 ± 7.7 yrs) performed 15 minutes of seated rest, 8 …

Automation Of Orthodontic Wire Tester For Performing Three Point Bending Tests, Adithya Venkatesan

Master's Theses

Abstract

Understanding the biomechanical factors in orthodontics is important in order to improve the overall effectiveness of actual clinical treatment. An accurate method to study the threedimensional (3D) force systems and the resulting movements of teeth during orthodontic treatment is needed along with the understanding of the material properties of any orthodontic wire. Until recently, most of the orthodontic biomechanics literature was limited to twodimensional experimental studies. Recent advances in threedimensional computer modeling have also been developed but have been limited to the manual control of tooth movement. Overall, there is very little published evidence in the literature on the …

Overweight And Obesity In Health Care Workers In Relation To Musculoskeletal Conditions And Weight Loss, Jessica Lynn Ehrentraut

Master's Theses

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are the most prevalent occupational injuries in nursing home employees. Most of the research and interventions in the past 30 years have focused on teaching and training nursing home staff proper lifting and body mechanics to reduce the risk of injury. The weight of the nursing home staff and patients have increased dramatically in recent years parallel to the significant growth of adiposity in the general population with two out of three adults overweight, and one of four obese (Body mass index (BMI) > 30). This puts the staff at even higher risk for MSD injuries due to …

Critical Role Of Pi3k/Akt/Gsk3Β In Motoneuron Specification From Human Neural Stem Cells In Response To Fgf2 And Egf, Luis Ojeda, Junling Gao, Kristopher G. Hooten, Enyin Wang, Jason R. Thonhoff, Tiffany J. Dunn, Tianyan Gao, Ping Wu

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) are critical for the development of the nervous system. We previously discovered that FGF2 and EGF had opposite effects on motor neuron differentiation from human fetal neural stem cells (hNSCs), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that FGF2 and EGF differentially affect the temporal patterns of Akt and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) activation. High levels of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt activation accompanied with GSK3β inactivation result in reduction of the motor neuron transcription factor HB9. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt by chemical inhibitors or RNA interference or overexpression of …