Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Reproductive Realities: Fulani Women & Contraception, Corrina Regnier

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This paper is the product of three weeks of research on contraception and the lives of married Fulani women in Ngaoundéré, Cameroon. Based on interviews with Fulani women, conducted both in French and in the Fulani language of Fulfulde with the aid of a French interpreter, I discuss the cultural and religious influences on women’s lives that impact their decisions or abilities to use contraception, as well as the ways these influences and realities have changed, are changing, and are expected to change in the future. I also look into the more practical concern of the availability and accessibility of …

The Case For Strategic Talent Management In Academic Medicine, Shannon Fox, Sarah A. Bunton, Valerie Dandar

Educational Leadership and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) has encouraged academic medical centers to embrace an integrative approach to developing leaders and organizational cultures that will prepare the health care industry to meet imminent U.S. health care needs.1 This white paper was developed in support of this initiative and to encourage further consideration of the talent-related systems in academic medical centers that shape the organizational environment and its leaders. In this summary, we highlight the definition, value, and potential impact of strategic talent management within academic medicine and in other sectors. We hope to raise awareness of the transformative potential of …

Cessation Of Soft Contact Lens Wear Prior To Refractive Laser- Is Two Weeks Long Enough?, Aoife Lloyd Mckernan, Luisa Simo Mannion, Linda Moore

Other

No abstract provided.

Bulletin, Fall 2011

Program Information

No abstract provided.

Differentiating The Vulnerability Of Kothis And Hijras To Hiv/Aids: A Case Study Of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, Poonam Daryani

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The present study aims to begin the process of differentiation between the various subpopulations that fall under the agenda of interventions targeted at Males who have Sex with Males (MSM). This separation is accomplished though an investigation of the sociocultural factors and behavioral patterns impacting the vulnerability of MSM and transgender (TG) 5 communities to HIV/AIDS. Specifically, the situation of kothi and hijra populations are compared in order to understand how the differences in their cultural practices and lifestyles create unique sexual health needs. The study was completed in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh under the guidance of Bharosa Trust and MAAN …

“El Tema No Existe”: La Salud Sexual Lésbica En Valparaíso, Chile, Isabel Osgood-Roach

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This independent study project investigates the status of lesbian health care in Valparaíso, Chile. Over the course of three weeks, I conducted interviews with six women who engage in non-heterosexual intimate relationships. These individuals identify on a spectrum of sexual orientation that includes lesbian, bisexual and hetero-dissident. I also participated in a political demonstration organized by Acción Gay supporting a proposed Anti-Discrimination law. Finally, I attended a meeting of the recently formed lesbian health group Colectivo Ropa Tendida to gain insight into an organization working towards visibilizing lesbian realities. To contextualize my investigation, I worked with theories regarding essentialist and …

Social Support For Young Carers An Analysis Of The Available Social Support For Children Caring For Aids-Sick And Other-Sick Caregivers In Emoyeni, South Africa., Flannery Mcardle

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The dual epidemics of HIV/AIDS and non-communicable diseases in South Africa are the principal drivers of the worsening orphan epidemic in South Africa. As orphanhood is often far from a singular event but rather one preceded by months or even years of the parent or guardian’s declining health, many children will become the primary caregivers for a sick or dying adult. This study explores the lives of the young carers, specifically, the social support available for these children and how the support available for children caring for AIDS-sick caregivers may differ from that available for children caring for an adult …

The Different Perceptions Of Breast Cancer In Post-Conflict Northern Uganda, Karen Im

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Objective: To assess breast cancer perceptions in Northern Uganda for the purpose of informing necessary cancer initiatives.

Methods: Breast cancer patients and the Gulu District community development officer participated in semi-structured interviews. Interviews were analyzed using qualitative data analysis.

Results: The concept of cancer is relatively new in Northern Uganda. In conjunction with a lack of understanding and competing priorities, many women are often diagnosed in late and advanced stages. Most women go to the hospital when they feel distinctive pain in the body instead of getting regular check-ups.

Conclusions: Educating people on needs for more proactive health-seeking behavior could …

Examining Structural Constraints And Electronic Health Record Use In Acute Care Hospitals, David D. Dobrzykowski

Transactions of the International Conference on Health Information Technology Advancement

Electronic Health Record (EHR) use is expected to quickly increase in the USA. It is the hope of the federal government and many hospitals that EHR use will not only increase, but also mature from basic applications such as EHR for results viewing (ERV) to more advanced applications such as Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE). Today, considerable heterogeneity exists among hospitals with regard to EHR use and the movement toward advanced EHR applications. Examining this heterogeneity is useful as hospitals move toward advanced EHR. Survey data collected from 297 acute care hospitals in 47 states suggests that critical access hospitals …

Electronic Health Records (Ehr) Implementation And Post Implementation Challenges, Muhammad A. Razi, Christopher Emmert, Dan Mcalpine-Austin, J. Michael Tarn, Khandaker N. Islam

Transactions of the International Conference on Health Information Technology Advancement

The US Healthcare Industry lags behind other industries in its use of technologies for process improvement and improvement in quality of services for its patients. Globally, United States is significantly behind some European and Australian countries in implementation of EHR. While the federal government is now mandating this change and also offering incentive programs, healthcare providers remain slow to comply because of challenges they face regarding EHR implementation. This paper discusses EHR architecture, presents implementation challenges, provides a case study and offers future research ideas. The information provided in this research could be beneficial for successful EHR implementation.

Factors Impacting Use Of Information Technology By Physicians In Private Practice, Jim Demello, Satish P. Deshpande

Transactions of the International Conference on Health Information Technology Advancement

This research examines the impact of various factors on the use of IT in clinical practice, prescriptions, and patient information. This was done using a national sample of 3425 physicians who worked in a solo or group practice in the United States. Besides the extent of use of electronic medical records by physicians and number of physicians in practice, none of the other factors consistently impacted the use of IT in clinical practice, prescriptions, and patient information, respectively. The results of this study highlight the need to develop specific strategies to increase the use of information technology in healthcare.

Perceived Self-Efficacy Of Licensed Counselors To Provide Substance Abuse Counseling, Nichelle Chandler, Michelle Perepiczka, Richard S. Balken

Walden Faculty and Staff Publications

This nationwide, quantitative study documented licensed counselors' perceived self-efficacy of adequately providing substance abuse services. Despite their lack of substance abuse training, counselors were highly confident in their ability to provide quality substance abuse services. Counselor training implications are discussed.

Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School Of Medicine, Professional Enhancement Newsletter, Fall 2011, Darshana Shah

Professional Enhancement News (PEN)

Fall 2011, Volume 3, Number 2

The Effect Of Intermittent Umbilical Cord Occlusion On Elastin Composition In The Ovine Fetus., Jennifer A Thompson, Sarah A Gimbel, Bryan S Richardson, Robert Gagnon, Timothy Regnault

Paediatrics Publications

This study aimed to determine the effect of varying degrees of intermittent umbilical cord occlusion (UCO) on arterial elastin composition. Over 4 days, chronically catheterized late gestation fetal sheep received 5 total UCO per day lasting 1 min/h (mild group: n = 6), 2 min/h (moderate group: n = 4), 3 min/h (severe group; n = 6); or no occlusion (control group: n = 7). Each group was evaluated for elastin content of the carotid and superior mesenteric artery (SMA), the arterial pressure response to UCO, and plasma cortisol concentration. Elastin content of the carotid artery was significantly increased by …

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Quantification Of Bronchodilator Effects By Using Hyperpolarized ³He Mr Imaging, Miranda Kirby, Lindsay Mathew, Mohammadreza Heydarian, Roya Etemad-Rezai, David G Mccormack, Grace Parraga

Medical Biophysics Publications

PURPOSE: To evaluate short-acting bronchodilator effects in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by using hyperpolarized helium 3 (³He) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, spirometry, and plethysmography.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen ex-smokers with COPD provided written informed consent to a local ethics board-approved and Health Insurance and Portability Accountability Act-compliant protocol and underwent hyperpolarized ³He and hydrogen 1 MR imaging, spirometry, and plethysmography before and a mean of 25 minutes ± 2 (standard deviation) after administration of 400 μg salbutamol. Distribution of ³He gas was evaluated by using semiautomated segmentation of ³He voxel intensities, where cluster 1 represented regions of signal void …

Physical Therapy News, Volume 1, Issue 1, College Of Health Professions

Physical Therapy News

No abstract provided.

Mechanisms Of Neuronal Death Induced By Environmental Toxicants In Murine Cortical Culture, Travis Rush

Dissertations (1934 -)

This study was directed at examining the neurotoxic mechanisms of several classes of environmental toxicants implicated in neurodegenerative disease. Primary cortical cultures were exposed to organophosphorus pesticides, heavy metals and the cyanobacterial toxin, beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA). Several components relating to neuronal injury were assessed in each study and novel aspects are described.

The main action of organophosphorous insecticides is generally believed to be the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase. However, these compounds are now recognized to inhibit many other enzymes and cause neuronal death through a variety of mechanisms. I found that exposure to chlorpyrifos or diazinon caused concentration-dependent neurotoxicity that could not …

Synapse, Alabama Health Libraries Association

Synapse - Newsletter of ALHeLa

This is the Fall, 2011 edition of the ALHeLa newsletter - Synapse.

Contents include:

• President's Column
• Alabama Health Libraries Association - Executive Committee 2001
• Update from the Bylaws Committee : ALHeLA Bylaws
• Executive Committee Meeting Minutes
• Liaison Committee Report
• Upcoming 2011 Annual Meeting
• Robert Avant Student Award Winning Essay

Neuropsychiatric Profiles In Dementia, David K. Johnson, Amber S. Watts, Benjamin A. Chapin, Raeann E. Anderson, Jeffrey M. Burns

Psychology Faculty Publications

We compared patterns of neuropsychiatric symptoms across 4 dementia types [Alzheimer disease (AD), vascular dementia (VAD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and Parkinson disease dementia], and 2 mixed groups (AD/VAD and AD/DLB) in sample of 2,963 individuals from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set between September 2005 and June 2008. We used confirmatory factor analysis to compare neuropsychiatric symptom severity ratings made by collateral sources on the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire for people with Clinical Dementia Rating scores of 1 or higher. A 3-factor model of psychiatric symptoms (mood, psychotic, and frontal) was shared across all dementia types. Between-group …

Transgenic C. Elegans Dauer Larvae Expressing Hookworm Phospho Null Daf-16/Foxo Exit Dauer, Verena Gelmedin, Thomas Brodigan, Xin Gao, Michael Krause, Zhu Wang, John M. Hawdon

Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty

Parasitic hookworms and the free-living model nematode Caenorhabtidis elegans share a developmental arrested stage, called the dauer stage in C. elegans and the infective third-stage larva (L3) in hookworms. One of the key transcription factors that regulate entrance to and exit from developmental arrest is the forkhead transcription factor DAF-16/FoxO. During the dauer stage, DAF-16 is activated and localized in the nucleus. DAF-16 is negatively regulated by phosphorylation by the upstream kinase AKT, which causes DAF-16 to localize out of the nucleus and the worm to exit from dauer. DAF-16 is conserved in hookworms, and hypothesized to control recovery from …

A Systematic Review Of The Health-Related Quality Of Life Measures Following Total Knee Arthroplasty, Saurabh Mehta, Mary Law, Jean-Sebastian Roy

Physical Therapy Faculty Research

To perform systematic review and appraisal of common patient-reported outcomes (PROs) used in measuring aspects of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Especially, the study aimed to examine whether these common PROs assess the domains of HRQOL as described in the theoretical frameworks of the HRQOL.

What's Happening: October-November, 2011, Maine Medical Center

What's Happening

No abstract provided.

Delayed Surgical Therapy Reduces Mortality In Patients With Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis, Abdul Rehman Alvi, Ghulam Murtaza Shaikh, Syed Faraz Kazim

Section of General Surgery

Objective: To review the trends in management and analyze the factors influencing outcomes of acute necrotizing pancreatitis.
Methods: It wa a retrospective analytical study. All adult patients with computed tomography with proven necrotizing pancreatitis managed at the department of surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi were included in this study extending from January 1998 to January 2008. Outcome variables were hospital stay, complication rate and in-hospital mortality. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 16. For comparison, Pearson chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, t-test and ANOVA were used, where applicable. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. …

Depression And Its Associated Risk Factors In Medical And Surgical Post Graduate Trainees At A Teaching Hospital: A Cross Sectional Survey From A Developing Country, Aisha Yousuf, Sidra Ishaque, Waris Qidwai

Department of Family Medicine

Objectives: To determine the frequency of depression among post graduate medical trainees in a teaching hospital of Pakistan and to explore the associated factors contributing to depression in them. Methods: It's a cross-sectional study at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. It was done in June 2008 till August 2008. Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale was administered among 172 post graduate trainees. Self administered questionnaires were used to assess the associated demographic and work related risk factors. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) were calculated by logistic regression. Results: The survey response rate was 172(82.69%). Depression in the overall sample was 103(59.88%), of …

African Elephants Change Gaits When Walking Downhill, Robert H.I. Dale, Robert Warren, Brock Ward, Eric Noble

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Abstract from the International Elephant and Rhino Conservation and Research Symposium, Rotterdam, NL, October 10-14, 2011.

Let's Talk Speech! Volume 4 Issue 1, Barbara T. Schmidt Ph.D.

Communication Sciences and Disorders Newsletter

Dear Friends, I would like to take this opportunity to thank all of you for your support as the Speech-Language Pathology Department continues to grow. The department would not be able to expand and flourish without the encouragement of the administrators, faculty, students, alumni and our affiliates and friends. This newsletter will keep you informed regarding our new faculty, our new SLP scholarship initiative, our first class of master’s students, as well as the efforts and activities of the Molloy College Chapter of the National Student Speech, Language and Hearing Association (NSSLHA). The Rising Star Scholarship was established in 2011 …

A Preliminary Study Of Staff Meetings As Viewed By Dental Hygienists, David G. Dunning, Patrick Anderson, Daniel Ellingson

Journal Articles: College of Dentistry

Staff meetings in general dental practices represent what is believed to be a key management strategy to build teams and to enhance ef-ficiency and effectiveness. However, very little research has been done regarding staff meetings in dental offices. This study examined staff meetings from the viewpoint of dental hygienists who grow in unique careers in that they work largely independently of the dentist and yet typically within a dental practice while providing patient care and education. One-hundred-six dental hygienists completed a sur- vey about staff meetings in dental offices. Key findings include: only approximately 43% of dental offices conduct morning …

Typical Mri Findings In Parsonage -Turner Syndrome, Dayananda L, Vaghela V, Kesavadas C, K T.R

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Psychiatry, Haider A. Naqvi Dr.

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Elizabeth Blackwell, Md Nation's First Female Physician, Michael Angelo, Matt Varrato

50 and Forward: Posters

Poster highlights British-born Elizabeth Blackwell (1821-1910) and important years for Jefferson Medical College and women (1849, 1850, 1869, 1891 and 1894.