Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Biochemical Characterization Of Human Mismatch Recognition Proteins Mutsα And Mutsβ, Lei Tian

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The integrity of an organism's genome depends on the fidelity of DNA replication and the efficiency of DNA repair. The DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system, which is highly conserved from prokaryotes to eukaryotes, plays an important role in maintaining genome stability by correcting base-base mismatches and insertion/deletion (ID) mispairs generated during DNA replication and other DNA transactions. Mismatch recognition is a critical step in MMR. Two mismatch recognition proteins, MutSα (MSH2-MSH6 heterodimer) and MutSβ (MSH2-MSH3 heterodimer), have been identified in eukaryotic cells. MutSα and MutSβ have partially overlapping functions, with MutSα recognizing primarily base-base mismatches and 1-2 nt ID mispairs …

Lactone-Carboxylate Interconversion As A Determinant Of The Clearance And Oral Bioavailabilty Of The Lipophilic Camptothecin Analog Ar-67, Eyob Debebe Adane

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The third generation camptothecin analog, AR-67, is undergoing early phase clinical trials as a chemotherapeutic agent. Like all camptothecins it undergoes pH dependent reversible hydrolysis between the lipophilic lactone and the hydrophilic carboxylate. The physicochemical differences between the lactone and carboxylate could potentially give rise to differences in transport across and/or entry into cells. In vitro studies indicated reduced intracellular accumulation and/or apical to basolateral transport of AR-67 lactone in P-gp and/or BCRP overexpressing MDCKII cells and increased cellular uptake of carboxylate in OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 overexpressing HeLa-pIRESneo cells. Pharmacokinetic studies were conducted in rats to study the disposition and …

Explorations In Homeoviscous Adaptation And Mass Spectral Analysis Of Membrane Lipids, Michael Douglas Timmons

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The focus of this dissertation is centered on the mass spectral analysis of lipids and changes occurring in keeping with the concept of homeoviscous adaptation [1]. Homeoviscous adaptation is the process of modification of membrane lipids in response to environmental stimuli [1]. Dissertation investigations applied this concept to prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, and expanded the perception of environmental factors from exogenous organic solvents to intracellular environment.

The field of lipidomics deals with the analysis of phospholipid and fatty acid components of membranes the changes that occur due to environmental stimuli and their biological significance [2-6]. The high sensitivity of mass …

Nm23-H1 Blocks Cell Motility Independently Of Its Known Enzymatic Activities In A Cohort Of Human Melanoma Cells, Joseph Robert Mccorkle

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The metastasis suppressor gene NM23-H1 has been shown to possess three enzymatic activities including nucleoside diphosphate kinase, histidine-dependent protein kinase and 3’-5’ exonuclease activity. While these properties have been demonstrated in vitro using recombinant proteins, the contribution of these activities to suppression of metastatic dissemination is unknown. Site-directed mutagenesis studies were used to identify amino acid residues which are required for proper function of each enzymatic activity associated with H1, providing a platform for studying the importance of each function on an individual basis. To assess the relevance of these activities to melanoma progression, a panel of mutants harboring selective …

Dissecting The Biosyntheses Of Gilvocarcins And Ravidomycins, Madan Kumar Kharel

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Gilvocarcin V (GV) and ravidomycin (RMV) exhibit excellent antitumor activities in the presence of near-UV light at low concentration maintaining a low in vivo cytotoxicity. Although, the exact molecular mechanism for in vivo actions of these antibiotics has yet to be determined, a [2+2] cycloaddition reaction of the vinyl side chain with DNA thymidine residues in addition to the inhibition of topoisomerase II and DNAhistone H3 cross-linking are reported for the GV’s mechanism of action. Such activities have made these molecules interesting candidates for the biosynthetic investigation to generate analogues with improved activity/solubility. Previous biosynthetic studies have suggested that the …

Social Categories And Health Care Outcomes: African American Women And Hiv Survival In The Urban South, Alyson J. O'Daniel

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

This ethnographic research examines the daily life and institutional conditions under which low-income Black women in urban North Carolina perceived and attended to HIV health-related needs. I focus specifically on the interplay among women’s living conditions, programmatic service needs, and their strategies for navigating the local system of care to explore and refine the categorical label “low income.” I found that there were significant differences among study participants in terms of their monthly incomes and financial resources, housing quality and status, and personal experiences with incarceration and substance abuse. The economic differences among women translated into social differences within the …

Cognitive Therapy For The Treatment Of Depressive Symptoms In Patients With Heart Failure, Rebecca L. Dekker

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Depressive symptoms are common in patients with heart failure (HF) and adversely affect mortality, morbidity, and health-related quality of life. Cognitive therapy (CT) has been proposed as a non-pharmacological treatment for depressive symptoms in patients with HF. However, there is currently little evidence to support use of CT in patients with HF.

The purpose of this dissertation was to develop and test a brief, nurse-delivered CT intervention for the treatment of depressive symptoms in patients with HF. Prior to testing the intervention, preliminary work was conducted resulting in four manuscripts: 1) a review of the evidence for CT in treating …

Prognostic Significance Of Trail Death Receptors In Middle Eastern Colorectal Carcinomas And Their Correlation To Oncogenic Kras Alterations, Prashant Bavi, Sarita E Prabhakaran, Jehad Abubaker, Zeeshan Qadri, Thara George, Nasser Al-Sanea, Alaa Abduljabbar, Luai H Ashari, Samar Alhomoud, Fouad Al-Dayel, Azhar Hussain, Shahabuddin, Khawla S Al-Kuraya

Centre for Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research

Background: Tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the tumour necrosis factor cytokine family that induces apoptosis upon binding to its death domain containing receptors, TRAIL receptor 1 (DR4) and TRAIL receptor 2 (DR5). Expression of TRAIL receptors is higher in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) as compared to normal colorectal mucosa and targeted therapy with TRAIL leads to preferential killing of tumor cells sparing normal cells.
Methods: We investigated the expression of TRAIL and its receptors in a tissue microarray cohort of 448 Middle Eastern CRC. We also studied the correlation between TRAIL receptors and various clinico-pathological …

Mennonite College Of Nursing Annual Report, 2009-2010, Mennonite College Of Nursing

Annual Reports - Mennonite College of Nursing

Annual report of the Mennonite College of Nursing at Illinois State University

Is Oxidative Stress An Etiologic Factor In Idiopathic Male Infertility?, Ercan Yeni̇, Hali̇l Çi̇ftçi̇, Murat Savaş, Ayhan Veri̇t, Abdullah Taşkin

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total peroxide (TP) levels in the blood and seminal plasma of idiopathic infertile patients were compared with those of fertile controls to determine the role of oxidative stress in the etiology of idiopathic male infertility. Material and methods: Thirty-two idiopathic infertile males and 30 healthy, married, age-matched control subjects were included in the study. TAC and TP levels were measured in the blood and seminal plasma, and sperm parameters were studied in both groups. Results: Sperm parameters were significantly impaired in the study group compared with the controls. Blood plasma TAC and TP levels …

The Effects Of Adding Methylprednisolone To Low-Potassium Dextran Solution On Preserved Ischemic Lungs, Ali̇ Yegi̇nsu, Makbule Ergi̇n, Hüseyi̇n Özyurt, Çi̇ğdem Elmas, Güleser Çağlar Göktaş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate the effects of adding methylprednisolone to low-potassium dextran solution on cold-preserved ischemic lungs. Materials and methods: The study included 42 rat lung blocks that were divided into 7 groups (n = 6). Lung blocks were preserved in 40 mL of cold Perfadex solution, to which 5, 15, 30, 60, and 120 mg kg-1 (approximately 40, 120, 240, 480, and 960 mg L-1) of methylprednisolone were added. After a 24-h preservation period, the lungs were removed from the solution and examined. Results: As compared to the Perfadex only group, cell death and degeneration were significantly higher in the Perfadex …

Effect Of L-Carnitine On Diabetic Neuropathy And Ventricular Dispersion In Patients With Diabetes Mellitus, Hizir Ulvi̇, Recep Aygül, Recep Demi̇r

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Diabetes is a common cause of polyneuropathy. Cardiac arrhythmias and markedly increased mortality rate have been demonstrated in patients with diabetic neuropathy and also demonstrated that abnormally prolonged QT dispersion interval (QTd) is associated with a higher risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. We investigated the efficacy and tolerability of L-carnitine (LC) in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy and ventricular dispersion, mainly by evaluating the effects of treatment on electrophysiological parameters. Materials and methods: We recruited 30 patients with type I or type II diabetes (mean age: 60 ± 9 years, range: 36-75; 18 males, 12 females) meeting clinical …

Effect Of Telmisartan On Vascular Endothelium In Hypertensive And Type 2 Diabetic Hypertensive Patients, Burcu Barutçuoğlu, Zuhal Parildar, M. Işil Mutaf, Di̇lek Özmen, Emi̇n Ali̇oğlu, Sara Habi̇f, Oya Bayindir

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) cause endothelial dysfunction and may result in cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to assess endothelial dysfunction in essential hypertensives, and normotensive and hypertensive type 2 diabetics and to evaluate the effect of telmisartan on endothelium in hypertensives. Materials and methods: Eighteen essential hypertensives (group 1), 16 type 2 diabetic hypertensives (group 2), 10 type 2 diabetic normotensives (group 3), and 10 control subjects (group 4) were included in this study. Groups 1 and 2 received 40 mg/day telmisartan for 12 weeks and were evaluated at the beginning and end. Groups …

Cervical Spine Movement During Intubation Using The Airtraq® And Direct Laryngoscopy, İ. Aydin Erden, A. Gülsün Pamuk, Şennur Uzun, Serdar Geyi̇k, Saruhan Çeki̇rge, Ülkü Aypar

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To compare 2 endotracheal intubation techniques, namely direct laryngoscopy and Airtraq®, according to their influence on cervical spine movement and intubation time and success rates, complications, and hemodynamic responses. Materials and methods: Thirty three patients without cervical spine problems were enrolled in the study. Patients were randomized into direct laryngoscopy and Airtraq® groups. Assessment of movement of the cervical spine was made by taking 3 lateral cervical spine X-rays. First, when the cervical spine was in the neutral position, second during the greatest excursion of the cervical spine, and finally, after intubation. A reference line was drawn following the dorsal …

Endometrial Parameters In Ivf And Iui Administration On Elderly Women, Nafi̇ye Yilmaz, Sevtap Kiliç, Yusuf Madendağ, İlknur Madendağ, Ayli̇n Özgün, Gülnur Özakşi̇t, Sertaç Batioğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

There are still controversial results about the role of endometrial thickness, pattern, volume, and vascularity in endometrial receptivity. We studied the predictivity of endometrial parameters in endometrial receptivity in over-aged, normogonadotrophic unexplained infertile women. Materials and methods: In this study, 150 women with an age range of 38-42 were included. The patients were divided into 4 groups: group 1 was applied recombinant FSH and intrauterine insemination, group 2 was applied clomiphene citrate and intrauterine insemination, group 3 was applied IVF, and group 4 (control group) was composed of fertile control patients. All patients in each study group had standard initiation …

Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Restless Leg Syndrome In A Single Hemodialysis Unit, Yasemi̇n Soyoral, Hayri̇ye Sayarlioğlu, Deni̇z Tuncel, Murat Şahi̇n, Ekrem Doğan, Reha Erkoç

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is characterized by symptoms of spontaneous, continuous leg movements associated with unpleasant paresthesias. RLS is common among dialysis patients, with a reported incidence of 6.6 to 6.8 percent. This study is an attempt to find out the prevalence of RLS in our hemodialysis patients. We compared several demographic and clinical characteristics of RLS patients identified by the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) criteria with those of individuals without RLS. Materials and methods: We studied 76 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis (34 females and 42 males, mean age: 52.28 ± 18.13, range: …

Serum Total Sialic Acid, Lipid Peroxidation, And Glutathione Reductase Levels In Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis, Surapaneni Krishna Mohan, Vishnu Priya

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The changes in the serum sialic acid levels, total lipid peroxidation products (MDA), and glutathione reductase activity were estimated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Serum Sialic acid is known as a parameter of inflammation. This work was undertaken to assess the potential role of sialic acid as well as oxidative stress and antioxidant status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Materials and methods: The levels of these parameters in serum were studied in 52 subjects with rheumatoid arthritis (study subjects) and 52 age and sex matched healthy subjects as controls. Serum total sialic acid levels were determined using the assay method …

The Distribution Of Telomerase Activity In Patients With Helicobacter Pylori Positive Gastritis, Nai̇me Canoruç, Ebru Kale, Şeri̇f Yilmaz, Kadi̇m Bayan, Mehmet Dursun, Sabri̇ Batun, Abdurrahman Kaplan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Helicobacter pylori is considered a class I carcinogen by the World Health Organization. We aimed to determine whether H. pylori has an effect on telomerase activity in patients with H. pylori related non-specific gastritis, atrophy, and intestinal metaplasia. Materials and methods: One hundred and seventy-two adult patients who underwent upper gastroduodenoscopy were enrolled in the study. Three biopsy specimens were taken from the antrum: 1 from the incisura angularis and 2 from the mid-antrum. Biopsy specimens taken from the incisura angularis were evaluated using the urease test for detection of H. pylori. The mid-antrum specimens were sent for histopathology and …

Serum Lipid And Lipoprotein Levels, Dyslipidemia Prevalence, And The Factors That Influence These Parameters In A Turkish Population Living In The Province Of Tokat*, İlhan Çeti̇n, Beytullah Yildirim, Şemsetti̇n Şahi̇n, İdri̇s Şahi̇n, İlker Eti̇kan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To determine the mean total LDL and HDL cholesterol values and trigliseride levels as well as dyslipidemia and the factors that influence the parameters mentioned above in the population living in the province of Tokat located in the Middle Black Sea (Northeastern) region of Turkey. Materials and methods: The study was performed in 58 rural and 12 urban residential areas. The 58 rural regions were selected using a cluster sampling method. A total of 1095 subjects were selected through a random sampling method. Results: The total serum cholesterol level was 186 ± 42 mg/dL with 33.7% of the participants having …

Is The Tanner–Whitehouse (Tw3) Method Sufficiently Reliable For Forensic Age Determination Of Turkish Children?*, Bora Büken, Alp Alper Şafak, Erhan Büken, Burhan Yazici, Zerri̇n Erkol, Ömer Utku Erzengi̇n

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The purpose of our study was to determine the accuracy of Tanner-Whitehouse 3 (TW3-RUS) bone age (BA) assessments for forensic age estimations of Turkish children. Materials and methods: Plain radiographs of left hands and wrists of 324 children were evaluated. Mean chronological age (CA) was compared with mean bone age (BA) according to the TW3 atlas for each sex, and differences by age group were determined. Pearson correlation coefficients and cubic regression were used to determine the differences and model the relationships between mean BA and CA. Statistical analyses were carried out using R-project. Results: The difference between the mean …

Endoscopic Biliary Tract Brush Cytology In 54 Cases, Işin Soyuer, Arzu Taşdemi̇r, Şebnem Gürsoy, Alper Yurci̇, Ertuğrul Mavi̇li̇, Nevzat Özcan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Duct brushing cytology is an important tool in the evaluation of the extrahepatic biliary tract. New liquid-based preparations and ancillary tests have emerged with the intent of addressing this issue. Materials and methods: Fifty-four consecutive patients and 68 specimens with a suspected malignant obstruction of the common bile duct were included in a consecutive, nonrandomized order. We selected patients whose follow-up, in the form of either histology (25/54, 46%) or at least 6 months of clinical observation, was available. They underwent sampling during ERCP (33 patients/40 materials) or PTC (21 patients/28 materials) using the brush method. Results: A total of …

Prevalence Of Helicobacter Pylori Infection In Healthcare Workers, Maliheh Metanat, Batool Sharifi-Mood, Shahrokh Izadi

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a major factor in inflammatory and malignant diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The epidemiologic pattern of this infection varies among developed and developing countries, and is related to the general standards of living in each region. In view of the importance of this infection and its different prevalence in different regions of Iran, as well as its long-term complications, this study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of H. pylori infection and its contributing factors in Zahedan. Materials and methods: Ninety-seven healthcare workers without digestive symptoms or a history of H. pylori eradication were randomly …

The Lived Experience: Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension And Intravenous Prostaglandin Therapy, Phyllis D. Boone

Masters Theses

A descriptive phenomenological study was proposed to obtain a subjective description of the experience of living with intravenous prostaglandin treatment for pulmonary arterial hypertension. It was intended to determine what kinds of elements are common to the experience with study participants, to develop an aggregate structure of the experience from the individual descriptions of it, and add to what is now known about this phenomenon. It was anticipated that the stories told by the participants could help to determine how nurses can assist future patients to live optimally within the confines of a palliative treatment for this incurable illness.

Unfortunately, …

Effects Of Moderate Volume, High Load Lower Body Resistance Training On Strength And Function In Persons With Parkinson’S Disease: A Pilot Study, Brian Schilling, Ronald Pfeiffer, Mark Ledoux, Robyn Karlage, Richard Bloomer, Michael Falvo

Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research

No abstract provided.

Health Status Of Children Entering Kindergarten: Results Of The 2009-2010 (Year Two) Nevada Kindergarten Health Survey, Nevada Institute For Children’S Research And Policy, Clark County School District, Nevada School District Superintendents, Nevada Head Start State Collaboration, Early Childhood Comprehensive Services Office, Nevada State Health Division, Denise Tanata Ashby, Kari Wolkwitz, Tara Phebus, Amanda Haboush,, Enrique Lopez, Norman Torres

Nevada Institute for Children's Research and Policy Reports

Academic achievement for children is vital to their success in life. Those that do well in school have greater opportunities for post-secondary education, and later have better prospects for employment. One of the major factors that can affect a child’s academic achievement is his or her health status. Academic outcomes and health conditions are consistently linked in the literature (Taras & Potts-Datema, 2005). Children with poor health status, and especially those with common chronic health conditions, have increased numbers of school absences and more academic deficiencies (Taras & Potts-Datema, 2005). In a study concerning excused versus unexcused absences, children with …

Response To Manual Magic: The Method Is Not The Trick, Paul E. Mintken, Carl Derosa, Tamara L. Little Phelan, Britt Smith

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Response To Moving Past Sleight Of Hand, Paul E. Mintken, Carl Derosa, Tamara L. Little Phelan, Britt Smith

All Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Oral Contraceptives: The Risks, Benefits, And Dilemmas, Courtney S. West

Senior Honors Theses

Millions of women have chosen to use oral contraceptives for various reasons. However, the question must be raised as to the awareness level of the risks and benefits associated with the use of oral contraceptives. Numerous studies have been performed to establish the effects of oral contraceptives. This thesis examines these studies to consolidate the most current findings.

In order to present these studies effectively, this thesis will begin by briefly summarizing the menstrual cycle and how the use of oral contraceptives affects menstruation. Following this, a review of the risks, benefits, and ethical dilemmas will be presented. Utilizing the …

Front Matter

Michigan Journal of Public Health

No abstract provided.

Editorship Of A Public Health Electronic Journal: Profile Of A Leader, Greg Cline, Phd, Julie Gleason-Comstock

Michigan Journal of Public Health

No abstract provided.