Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Effects Of Negative Childhood Experiences On The Severity Of Mental And Substance Abuse Disorders And Recidivism, Christie Lynn Gabriel

Theses Digitization Project

Overcrowded prisons are a growing problem in the United States. Currently, California prisons are over capacity 85%. Substance abuse increases the likelihood of criminality, for half of state prisoners admitted to being under the influence of drugs or alcohol at the time of their offense(s). A large portion of these individuals, once incarcerated, is also diagnosed with a mental illness. By researching dually diagnosed inmates who were participating in a 90-day in-custody treatment program, this study focuses on how negative family and school experiences become major contributors to adult mental and substance abuse disorders and criminality.

Vitreo-Retinal Traction And Anastrozole Use, Alvin Eisner, Emily J. Thielman, Julie Falardeau, John T. Vetto

Community Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Purpose—This study tested a prediction stemming from the hypothesis that anastrozole users experience heightened vitreo-retinal traction. This hypothesis was based on the knowledge that menopause increases the risk of intraocular tractional events such as posterior vitreous detachments (PVDs).

Methods—Retinal thickness was measured for 3 groups of amenorrheic women: (1) anastrozole users and (2) tamoxifen users undergoing adjuvant therapy for early-stage breast cancer, and (3) control subjects not using hormonal medication. Foveal shape indices were derived for subjects without PVDs.

Results—For anastrozole users, the distance to the temporal side of the fovea became less than the distance to …

Occupational Health And Safety Status Of Indigenous And Latino Farmworkers In Oregon, Stephanie Farquhar, Nancy M. Goff, Nargess Shadbeh, Julie Samples, Santiago Ventura, Valentin Sanchez, Pamela Rao, Shelley Davis

Community Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Exposure to pesticides poses great risk to agricultural workers and their families. Of the approximately 174,000 agricultural workers in Oregon, studies estimate that up to 40% of the workers in Oregon are indigenous and may be particularly vulnerable to the health risks of working in pesticide treated areas. Surveys conducted with Oregon farmworkers suggest that Latino and indigenous farmworkers differ demographically and may have diverse occupational and health needs. All Latino workers reported Spanish as their native language, while indigenous workers spoke several different native languages. Latino workers were employed mostly in orchards (28%) and nurseries (24%), while indigenous workers …

Tobacco Control Polices Are Egalitarian: A Vulnerabilities Perspective On Clean Indoor Air Laws, Cigarette Prices, And Tobacco Use Disparities, Alexis Dinno, Stanton Glantz

Community Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study models independent associations of state or local strong clean indoor air laws and cigarette prices with current smoker status and consumption in a multilevel framework, including interactions with educational attainment, household income and race/ethnicity and the relationships of these policies to vulnerabilities in smoking behavior. Cross sectional survey data are employed from the February 2002 panel of the Tobacco Use Supplement of the Current Population Survey (54,024 individuals representing the US population aged 15 to 80). Nonlinear relationships between both outcome variables and the predictors were modeled. Independent associations of strong clean indoor air laws were found for …

Role Ambiguity Within Sport Teams, Grégoire Bosselut, Jean-Philippe Heuzé, Mark Eys

Kinesiology and Physical Education Faculty Publications

Résumé: L’objectif de cet article est de présenter une synthèse des travaux publiés ces dernières années en contexte sportif, sur l’un des éléments fondamentaux de la structure du groupe (Shaw, 1981), l’ambiguïté du rôle. La première approche de l’ambiguïté du rôle proposée par Kahn, Wolfe, Quinn, Snoek et Rosenthal (1964) prend sa source dans le contexte organisationnel. Inspiré de ces travaux et adapté au domaine sportif, Beauchamp, Bray, Eys, et Carron (2002) ont proposé un modèle multidimensionnel de l’ambiguïté du rôle composé de quatre manifestations (i.e., étendue des responsabilités, comportements liés au rôle, évaluation du rôle, conséquences liées au rôle) …

Insulinoma Presenting As An Unusual Cause Of Marital Discord, Alfred F. Shwayhat, David Brett-Major, John A. Poremba

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

Months before this patient’s near collapse, the metabolic derangements caused by his cancer manifested in his marriage. This case demonstrates the need to consider insulinoma in healthy appearing patients who experience behavioral disturbances that otherwise might be treated only with counseling.

Chasms In Care: Implications Of A Disparate System On Childhood Obesity, Sara Dianne Miller

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

There are disparities that exist between public health and personal health care in addressing childhood obesity. Public health efforts to reduce the prevalence of this epidemic have focused on preventive strategies because a coordinated system of health care to address the treatment of obesity in children does not exist. For children who are already overweight, these strategies are not enough. What programs do exist are typically fee-for-service. This study examines the ethics and implications of the disparities that exists in our nation, as well as the role socioeconomic status plays in adolescent overweight and obesity and its primary behavior risk …

Pilot Community-Based Intervention To Address The Needs Of Elderly Caregivers In The Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, Priscilla Reddy, Shegs James, H. Mutumba Bilay-Boon, Eka Esu-Williams, Hena Khan

HIV and AIDS

The HIV epidemic in South Africa has placed a substantial burden on elderly caregivers, mainly women, who are often tasked with caring for their grandchildren who are orphaned and rendered vulnerable by the death or illness of their parents. The Medical Research Council (MRC), Age-in-Action, and the Horizons Program conducted formative research, as described in this research summary, to assess the needs of elderly caregivers in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa in 2005. The investigations revealed that elderly caregivers faced a number of challenges including difficulty communicating with youth, fears and a sense of hopelessness around matters regarding …

Towards A Meaningful Presentation Of Fms Trajectory Information For Tactical Self-Separation, S.B.J. Van Dam, M. Mulder, M.M. (René) Van Paassen

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

In the context of future airspace management concepts, the flight crew will need tactical navigation support for airborne self-separation. Applying ecological interface design principles, a state-based navigation tool was designed that uses functional information overlays that show how traffic and aircraft performance constrain the horizontal maneuvering. The state-based system has been enhanced with a visualization of intent information from the flight plan trajectory (Van Dam, Paassen, & Mulder, 2007). This paper discusses in detail the exchange of intent information using ADS-B. It presents some promising ideas to show intent in a more meaningful and pilot-intuitive way, particularly focusing on the …

Transfer Of Skills From Microsoft Flight Simulator X To An Aircraft, Mark N. Callender, Wayne A. Dornan, Wendy S. Beckman, Paul A. Craig, Steve Gossett

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

In the spring of 2008, with funding from the Aircraft Owner’s and Pilot’s Association, Middle Tennessee State University performed a study to evaluate the transferability of skills from Microsoft Flight Simulator X (MSFSX) to an aircraft for novice flight students. Nine students practiced tasks in six MSFSX Flight Lesson modules until the modules were successfully completed. The number of iterations required by students to accomplish each module satisfactorily was recorded. These students, along with nine others which comprised the control group, received flight training in a DA-40 for the same six maneuvers. They were subsequently evaluated on the number of …

Designing Work-Centered Support For Dynamic Multi-Mission Synchronization, Emilie Roth, Randall Whitaker, Robert Truxler, Ronald Scott, Thomas Kazmierczak, John Ostwald, Jeffrey Wampler

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

We describe recent developments in an ongoing program to design work-centered C2 support for a military airlift organization. Work-centered design tailors support to the cognitive and collaborative demands of the work. A coordinated suite of visualizations was developed to support synchronized replanning in response to dynamically changing conditions by revealing the interrelationships and constraints across multiple missions distributed in time and space. Support included the ability to perform ‘what if’ simulations across multiple missions so as to assess the impact of a change in one mission on other missions. An empirical evaluation was conducted comparing target user replanning performance on …

Attitudes Toward Automation And Information Requirements Of Experienced Predator Operators, William P. Marshak, John Hudson, Jeff Collier

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

Two simulation studies were conducted using the Multiple Uninhabited Air Vehicle Agency (MAGE) software with nine Predator experienced pilots and sensor operators. In one study, MAGE's situation awareness and decision support elements were employed as supplemental information displays to a Predator crew station simulation within the Air Force's SIMAF facility. In the second simulation, each pilot controlled two autonomous UAVs during a complex multi-target mission scenario using the MAGE software suite. After the simulations were complete, the crewpersons answered questions about their attitudes concerning automated features and what kinds of non-vehicle information (weather, air spaces, intelligence, etc.) they felt they …

Airport Departure Flow Management (Dfm): Findings From Field Trial Testing, Amy Spencer, Ted Carniol, Jason Pepper, Philip J. Smith

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

In this paper, we discuss the field testing of a Departure Flow Management (DFM) capability that has been developed by the FAA to reduce manual airport Call For Release (CFR) coordination requirements and workload, while increasing airport departure throughput and reducing delays. This field test consisted of shadow and operational phases and utilized both qualitative and quantitative methods. This study took place February and March 2008 at the Los Angeles (ZLA) Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC) and Burbank (BUR), Las Vegas (LAS), Los Angeles (LAX), Ontario (ONT), and San Diego (SAN) airports. This test provided insights into how this …

Multidimensional Evaluation Of Pilot`S Threat And Error Management Performance During Complex Flight Maneuvers, Ioana Koglbauer, K. Wolfgang Kallus, Reinhard Braunstingl, Wolfram Boucsein

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

The present research attempts a multidimensional threat and error management performance analysis of pilots flying according to visual flight rules, during the recovery from four unusual aircraft states: extreme pitch, overbanked attitude, full stall and spin. An anticipative training program was developed based on flight mechanical and psychophysiological analysis of an expert’s performance. Training took place in a flight simulator and was preceded and followed by check flights with an aerobatic aircraft, a Pitts S-2B, supervised by an expert aerobatic flight instructor. In a between-groups design, a multidimensional assessment was applied, comprising psychophysiological measures of arousal, emotion, subjective, workload and …

Preparing For The Future Of Collaborative Air Traffic Management, Phillip J. Smith, Charles Billings

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

One of the key areas identified in the NextGen Concept of Operations focuses on Collaborative Air Traffic Management (CATM). Within the NextGen Concept of Operations, this collaboration is expected to continue to occur in a highly distributed environment where operational staff are distributed across many locations and organizations, including flight operations centers, pilots, the Air Traffic Control Systems Command Center, Enroute Centers, TRACONs and Airport ATC Towers (or their future functional equivalents). Significant changes can be expected, however, due to the introduction of new decision support technologies which will enable different approaches to traffic management. These changes in CATM require …

Psychological Fidelity Of Simulator Human Performance Limitation Training, K. Wolfgang Kallus

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

Fidelity of simulators for training of pilots has to be judged from the final end of the training goal. This conclusion can be derived from the overview of Hays & Singer (1989), which has been published a considerable time ago. Nevertheless, an ongoing debate questions the need of simulator features like motion for the training of pilots – partly without giving attention to the training goals at hand. Especially in the area of threat and error management requirements for the simulators differ markedly from operational recurrence training. For experienced ATPL- pilots we can assume that a high fidelity visual simulation …

How Should The Effectiveness Of The Eppp Be Judged?, David Dilillo, George C. Tremblay

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

We join Brian A. Sharpless and Jacques P. Barber (2009) in calling for strengthening the evidence base supporting the Examination for Professional Practice in Psychology (EPPP), particularly in the areas of criterion and predictive validity. Although 1 clear purpose of the EPPP is to assess core areas of knowledge, materials from the Association of State and Provincial Psychology Boards are less clear as to whether the EPPP is also intended to predict future performance as a psychologist. If the EPPP is expected to protect the public from poorly trained psychologists, then data supporting its use for that purpose are urgently …

The Receptor Mechanisms Underlying The Disruptive Effects Of Haloperidol And Clozapine On Rat Maternal Behavior: A Double Dissociation Between Dopamine D2 And 5-Ht2a/2c Receptors, Zhao Changjiu, Ming Li

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Many antipsychotic drugs disrupt active components of maternal behavior such as pup approach, pup retrieval and nest building at clinically relevant doses in postpartum female rats. However, the neurochemical mechanisms underlying such a disruptive effect remain to be determined. This study examined the neurochemical mechanisms that mediate the disruptive effects of haloperidol (a typical antipsychotic) and clozapine (an atypical antipsychotic) on rat maternal behavior. Postpartum rats were administered with haloperidol (0.2 mg/kg, sc) or clozapine (10.0 mg/kg, sc) together with either vehicle (saline or water), quinpirole (a selective dopamine D₂/D₃ agonist, 0.5 or 1.0 mg/kg, sc), or …

Nonoffending Parent Expectations Of Sexually Abused Children: Predictive Factors And Influence On Children’S Recovery, Haig Kouyoumdjian, Andrea R. Perry, David J. Hansen

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

This study examined the influence of parental expectations on the functioning of sexually abused children. Participants included 67 sexually abused youth and 63 of their nonoffending primary caregivers. Parental expectations about how sexual abuse will impact children were predictive of parents’ ratings of children’s behavior at pretreatment, while parental expectations of children’s overall future functioning were not predictive of parents’ ratings of children’s behavior. Parental expectations about how sexual abuse will impact their children and about their children’s overall future functioning were not predictive of parents’ ratings of children’s behavior at posttreatment. Results highlight the influential role the sexual abuse …

Leveraging Higher Salaries For Nursing Faculty, Carolyn B. Yucha, Rosemary Witt

Nursing Faculty Research

The nursing faculty pay scale at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, has increased significantly over the past 5 years. This increase was driven by a number of factors: (a) the rapidly expanding population in Nevada, (b) the nursing shortage and the Nevada legislative mandate to double nursing enrollment in state schools, (c) the national nursing faculty shortage, and (d) the opening of private nursing schools in Nevada. This article describes how, given these factors, the faculty members were able to leverage a pay scale that is finally competitive with clinical appointments.

Social Phobia, Sarah S. Cosley

Graduate Research Papers

Social phobia is a common diagnosis for people of all ages. In the United States alone millions of people suffer from Social Phobia. People who suffer from social phobia can have problems in many areas of their life including: work, school, relationships, and daily functioning. Symptoms associated with social phobia can range from general fears to specific fears. A discussion of the definition of social phobia, symptoms, treatment, and application will be explored in the following paper.

Effectiveness Of Visual Feedback Provided By An Electromagnetic Articulograph (Ema) System: Training Vowel Production In Individuals With Hearing Impairment, Rachel Bock

Independent Studies and Capstones

An electromagnetic articulograph (EMA) system was used to provide a participant with congenital hearing loss visual biofeedback information on speech production. Five normally hearing listeners reported a change in their perception of the speech sound /æ/ in the various conditions of the study.

Velocity Discrimination Of Angular Motion At Different Frequencies In Individuals With Normal Vestibular Function, Brittany Nguyen

Independent Studies and Capstones

The purpose of this study was to evaluate discrimination of angular velocity in individuals with normal vestibular function using a newly developed adaptive psychophysical measure. Vestibular psychophysical testing may complement existing clinical measures in diagnosing and treating patients with imbalance.

Singlet Oxygen Delivery Through The Porous Cap Of A Hollow-Core Fiber Optic Device, Matibur Zamadar, David Aebisher, Alexander Greer

Faculty Publications

The development of the first photosensitizer/fiber optic device is reported. An oxygen-flowing, fiber-capped configuration is used for the application of heterogeneous, spatially confined singlet oxygen delivery in aqueous media. This is a unique device, unlike other heterogeneous photosensitizers, in which local concentrations of singlet oxygen can be delivered via introduction and withdrawal of the fiber tip.

Ua10/1 Cec: Clinical Exchange Corner, Mary Lloyd Moore, Laura Reynolds, Wku Suzanne Vitale Clinical Education Complex

CEC Publications

No abstract provided.

Ua61/1 Wku Nursing Class 2009, Wku Nursing

WKU Administration Documents

Members of the 2009 nursing class: Lorraine Adler, Tonya Bragg-Underwood, Jenna Bratcher, Crystal Brock, Kathy Brooks, Lisa Burton, Shelia Curry, Donna Embry, Margo Hancock, Laura Harmon, Kim Haynes, Hua-Wen Hsu, Vanessa Lopp, Lisa Marcum, Jennifer McGee, Linda Norton, Michael Pendleton, Yvonne Pfanenstiel, Pam Phelps, Allison Phillips, Brandy Pierce, Elizabeth Price, Lisa Proctor, Susan Redick, Terra Roberts, Martha Ryan, Sally Satterfield, Lori Skaggs, Tequila Staten, Teresa Stidham and Bryn Wells.

Summary Of Findings From The 2009 Child Death Review Annual Report, Nevada Institute For Children's Research And Policy Reports

Nevada Institute for Children's Research and Policy Reports

The 2009 Annual Report of Child Deaths in Clark County, Nevada provides data regarding all infant, child, and fetal (over 20 weeks gestation) deaths occurring in Clark County in 2009. This represents the second year that the Child Death Review Team in Clark County reviewed 100% of the child deaths referred to the team by the Clark County Office of the Coroner/Medical Examiner; this includes all natural deaths, as well as all accidents, homicides, suicides, and undetermined cases. The team also reviewed all fetal deaths over 20 weeks gestation.

Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program: 2008-2009 Annual Report, Southern Nevada Health District

Nevada Institute for Children's Research and Policy Reports

The goal of the Southern Nevada Health District Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevention Program (CLPPP) is to eliminate lead poisoning as a significant health risk for children living in the state of Nevada. These efforts started in Clark County, where over 70 percent of the state’s population resides, with the hope of expanding to Northern and rural Nevada by the end of the grant term.

Simulator Motion…It Rocks! (Or Maybe Not), Bob Jacobs

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

I want to briefly share some of our early work at the University of Illinois Aviation Research Laboratory relating to the nature and role of motion cueing and its relationship to pilot performance in flight training, skill evaluation, and flight instrument utilization. First, though, I’d like to offer some personal testimony about Stan Roscoe, the director of the Lab, so that you can appreciate the extraordinary environment we were provided in which to pursue our research and to learn.

An Interface For Inbound Traffic Route Planning, Ewout S. Van Dijk, M.M. (René) Van Paassen, Max Mulder, Mariska I. Roerdink

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2009

It is expected that, with increasing automation, the emphasis in the air traffic controllers’ work will shift from tactical control towards supervision and planning of aircraft trajectories. To support this work, a planning interface for area controllers has been developed. The interface uses a normal Plan View Display (PVD) supplemented with a Time-Space Diagram (TSD), that visualizes the travel of the incoming aircraft across their planned track. With the constraints on speed and timing as given in the TSD, the interface permits direct manipulation of the arrival time within these constraints. Using a simulation of air traffic, the interface was …