Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Looking At Gender Differences Through The Lens Of Sport Spectators, Lynn Ridinger, Daniel C. Funk

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

This paper explores common assumptions about the intrinsic differences between male and female consumers within a subset of leisure consumption - sport spectating. This research utilized the Sports Interest Inventory (SII) (Funk, Mahony & Ridinger, 2002) to examine differences between spectators (N = 959) attending men's and women's basketball games at a NCAA Division I institution. MANOVA results revealed nine differences for Team-Gender, seven differences for Spectator-Gender, and three interaction effects. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that three core interest factors (university pride, team interest, and vicarious achievement) explained a significant proportion of variance in commitment and attendance behavior for …

Effect Of A Single Bout Of Prior Moderate Exercise On Cutaneous Perfusion In Type 2 Diabetes, Sheri R. Colberg, Henri K. Parson, Tanja Nunnold, D. Robb Holton, Aaron I. Vinik

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

In diabetic individuals, increased shunting of circulation away from the skin may exist, contributing to their greater risk for ulcerations and poor cutaneous healing. In a prospective study (1), we previously found a lower skin perfusion during local heating in the foot dorsum of sedentary type 2 diabetic individuals compared with active people without diabetes. This defect was present despite normal increases in skin interstitial nitric oxide (NO), suggesting that NO is either ineffective or not involved (2). A prior bout of maximal exercise also lessened the impaired responsiveness to local heating of the dorsal foot in active type 2 …

Accelerometry As An Estimate Of Energy Expenditure In Healthy Children And Children With Cerebral Palsy During Self-Paced Ambulation, Joseph F. Norman

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Oxygen consumption (VO2) is the criterion standard for determining energy expenditure during activity. Newer technologies have resulted in the development of portable metabolic gas analyzers capable of measuring VO2 during a wide range of physical activities in the field. Unfortunately, use of these devices is still limited due to the cost, availability and skill level required to utilize this newer technology. However, there is an instrument which may be utilized. Accelerometers are a type of physical activity monitor that provide estimates of energy expenditure and may potentially be of more practical use in the clinical setting. Purpose: This study was …

Importing Extended Producer Responsibility For Electronic Equipment Into The United States, Chad Raphael, Ted Smith

Communication

Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is a policy approach that holds manufacturers accountable for the full costs of their products at every stage in their life cycle. EPR typically involves requiring that producers take back their products at the end of their useful lives, or pay a recycling contractor to do so, thereby internalizing the costs of recycling or disposal in a manufacturer’s bottom line. When companies know that they will bear the costs of product return and recycling, they are more likely to redesign their products for easier and safer handling at each step in the life cycle. This approach …

Kids Don't Bat Rocks Anymore, Dennie Bridges

IWU Authors Bookshelf

No abstract provided.

Efficacy And Safety Of The Six-Dose Regimen Of Artemether-Lumefantrine In Pediatrics With Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria: A Pooled Analysis Of Individual Patient Data, M. Makanga, Zul Premji, C. Falade, J. Karbwang, E.A. Mueller, K. Andriano, P. Hunt, P.I. De Palacios

Pathology, East Africa

Patient data from eight clinical trials were pooled and analyzed to study the efficacy and safety of the six-dose versus four-dose regimen of artemether-lumefantrine (coartemether; Coartem) in children weighing 5-25 kg. A total of 544 patients with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria (six-dose: 343; four-dose: 201), matched for demographic and baseline characteristics and individual coartemether doses were included in the analysis. Analysis of day 28 cure rate based on the intention-to-treat and evaluable populations yielded corrected cure rates for the six-dose regimen of 93% and 96% compared with 61% and 76%, respectively, for the four-dose regimen (P < 0.0001 for both comparisons). Similarly high cure rates were achieved with the six-dose regimen in non-immune infants weighing as little as 5 kg. The six- and four-dose regimens were equally well tolerated. The main finding of this analysis is that the six-dose regimen of coartemether is safe and more efficacious than the four-dose regimen in children. Copyright © 2006 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

The Epidemiology Of West Nile Virus In Louisiana, Karen Ruth Gruszynski

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the genus Flavivirus transmitted by mosquitoes, first appeared in the New York in 1999. Within five years WNV was detected throughout the contiguous 48 states causing disease in reservoirs and accidental hosts alike. In Louisiana, WNV was first detected in 2001 with one human case, ten equine cases, and six dead birds reported. The introduction of WNV into Louisiana presented an unique opportunity to observe an emerging disease unfold, so a study was launched to gain insight into the epidemiology of WNV in Louisiana. The first component, an environmental predictive model for West …

Research Annual Report 2005, Children's Mercy Hospital

Research Annual Reports

Annual report of the research at Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City MO, a pediatric medical center.

Cancer In Alaska Natives 1969-2003: 35-Year Report, C. Homan, J. Kelly, A. Lanier, J. Maxwell, T. Mcevoy

Native Health Database Full Text

Cancer incidence rates for all Alaska Natives (Eskimo, Indian, Aleut) were first reported in 1976. Since then numerous publications have documented the unusual cancer patterns in this population. These are the latest statistics for which there is complete data statewide, and provide the best estimates of cancer incidence in the Alaska Native population. Numbers of new (incident) cases and rates are given for all cancers and for specific sites. These numbers are presented by age, sex, ethnicity, geographic region, and service unit. Data have been collected, tabulated, and analyzed in accordance with procedures established by the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, …

Nlm Database Central: The First Place To Look For Your Phsr Research Data, F. Douglas Scutchfield Md

Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health Presentations

No abstract provided.

The Use Of Proteomic Technologies To Identify Serum Glycoproteins For The Early Detection Of Liver And Prostate Cancers, Elizabeth Ellen Schwegler

Theses and Dissertations in Biomedical Sciences

The application of proteomic technologies to identify serum glycoproteins is an emerging technique to identify new biomarkers indicative of disease severity. Many of these newly evolving protein-profiling methodologies have evolved from previous global protein expression profiling studies such as those involving SELDI-TOF-MS technologies. Though the SELDI approach could distinguish disease from normal by utilizing protein patterns as shown herein with the HCC study of chapter II, it was unable to offer sequence information on the selected peaks, and did not have the ability to analyze the entire dynamic range of the serum/plasma proteome. To address these deficiencies, new strategies that …

The Politics And Economics Of Health: A Cross-National Comparison Of Civic Engagement And Health Status, Suzanne J. Wood

School of Public Service Theses & Dissertations

Over the past two decades, various structural modifications associated with the provision of national health and its systems have been undertaken. The preponderance of liberalization experiences have occurred in the absence of epidemiological, political, or social considerations associated with adoption and implementation. Often, financial and political manipulation by international organizations and powerful foreign governments has served as the impetus for fundamental shifts leading to an asymmetrical distribution of resources by population density, geography, and along various socio-cultural boundaries. Consequently, structural adjustments have resulted in unpredictable and divergent outcomes with regard to health status. The question of whether or not health …

Calving And Preweaning Growth Performance Traits Of Calves Sired By Charolais, Simmental And Eastern Anatolian Red Bulls, Abdülkadi̇r Özlütürk, Mete Yanar, Naci̇ Tüzemen, Si̇nan Kopuzlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Charolais (C)-, Simmental (S)-, and Eastern Anatolian Red (EAR)-sired calves born in 2 locations in Eastern Anatolia were compared in terms of calving traits and preweaning growth characteristics. Breed of sire effects were significant (P < 0.01) for birth weight, 205-day weaning weight, average daily weight gain from birth to weaning, and some body measurements at birth. S- and C-sired calves were heavier at birth and larger for most body measurements at birth than EAR-sired calves. The C- and S-sired calves also had higher 205-day weight than the EAR-sired calves. Although the level of calving difficulty was higher in the S and C crosses, the differences were not statistically significant. Male calves had significantly (P < 0.01) heavier birth and 205-day weights, higher preweaning average daily gain and greater body measurements (e.g., height at withers, heart girth and cannon bone girth) than females. Location differences were also significant (P < 0.01) for survival rate from birth to weaning, preweaning growth rate and 205-day weight. In conclusion, although C- and S-sired calves performed similarly for most traits, all parameters of the preweaning growth were higher in calves sired by S and C bulls than in calves sired by EAR bulls. Therefore, both C and S could be considered as sire breeds for crossbreeding programs to be implemented in Eastern Anatolia, since these breeds did not cause an adverse influence on the calving and growth traits of the crossbred calves.

Conditions De Travail, De Santé Et De Sécurité Des Travailleurs Du Québec, Michèle Gervais, Paul Massicotte, Danièle Champoux

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Cette analyse des données de l’ESS98 a pour but la recherche d’informations sur les liens potentiels entre la SST et les conditions de travail et d’emploi. L’enquête, menée auprès d’un échantillon (11 000 travailleurs) représentatif de la population québécoise, a fourni un matériel inédit et intéressant sur ces différents aspects ainsi que sur les accidents du travail. Les informations traitées ne tiennent pas compte de la gravité des accidents du travail, seulement de leur fréquence.

On sait que le risque de subir un accident est plus élevé chez les travailleurs manuels en raison des particularités de leurs tâches et de …

The Validity Of The S/Z Ratio As A Voice Screening Tool, Larry L. Panozzo Jr.

Masters Theses

This study investigated the validity of the s/z ratio as a voice screening tool. Twenty female subjects, ten with vocal fold pathology and ten normal control subjects, participated in the current research project. Results indicated that although the s/z ratio was higher for the disordered group than the normal group, the difference was not significant (p=.18). Sensitivity equaled 90% while specificity equaled 50% when 1.1 was used as the cutoff value. When 1.4 was used as the cutoff value, sensitivity was 30% while specificity was 80%. In addition, there was a weak relationship between the clinician's perception of the size …

Role Modeling Attitudes And Physical Activity Behavior Of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation Professionals, Emily Dufrene

Masters Theses

Role models are individuals whose behavior, example or success can be observed and learned from. Health professionals are responsible for the motivation and production of goal directed behavior (Wilson & Petruska, 1984). Modeling behaviors that encourage physical performance, fitness, health, and quality of life should be the foundation for all individuals certified by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM Credentialed Professionals, 2005) as exercise specialists, fitness instructors, or program directors. Physicians, exercise physiologists and nurses working in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation programs are expected to model healthy behaviors for their own health benefit and to encourage their patients.

Paired-Pulse Depression At Photoreceptor Synapses., Katalin Rabl, Lucia Cadetti, Wallace B. Thoreson

Journal Articles: Ophthalmology

Synaptic depression produced by repetitive stimulation is likely to be particularly important in shaping responses of second-order retinal neurons at the tonically active photoreceptor synapse. We analyzed the time course and mechanisms of synaptic depression at rod and cone synapses using paired-pulse protocols involving two complementary measurements of exocytosis: (1) paired whole-cell recordings of the postsynaptic current (PSC) in second-order retinal neurons and (2) capacitance measurements of vesicular membrane fusion in rods and cones. PSCs in ON bipolar, OFF bipolar, and horizontal cells evoked by stimulation of either rods or cones recovered from paired-pulse depression (PPD) at rates similar to …

Synapsis: Philadelphia Campus (2006), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

All Yearbooks

This yearbook includes Dinner Dance, Parties, Picnic, Trips, White Coat Ceremony, Military, Halloween, Charity Events, Clubs, A Capella, American College Of Osteopathic Family Physicians, ACOFP, American Holistic Medical Association, AHMA, Asian Pacific American Medical Student Association, APAMSA, American Medical Student Association, AMSA, American Medical Women's Association, AMWA, American Medical Association, AMA, Business in Medicine, Undergraduate American Academy of Osteopathy, UAAO, Christian Medical & Dental Society, Association Of Military Osteopathic Physicians and Surgeons, AMOPS, Anesthesiology, Ballroom Dancing, Clinical Neuroscience Society, CNS, Dermatology, Emergency Medicine, Genetics in Medicine, Golf, Internal Medicine, Jewish Physicians Network, Kappa Sigma Phi, KSPh, (ΚΣΦ), Kappa Sigma Phi …

Community Health Outcomes Report: Phase 1, Bexar County Community Health Collaborative, William Spears, David W. Smith

Population and Public Health Sciences Faculty Publications

The 2006 Bexar County Community Health Assessment is a major initiative of The Health Collaborative, a cutting-edge, public-private model for solving community health issues. The mission of the organization is to improve the health status of the community through collaborative means. Partners include the major health systems in San Antonio, the YMCA of Greater San Antonio, Community First Health Plans, Methodist Healthcare Ministries, San Antonio Metropolitan Health District, and a community representative. Major health systems represented are Baptist Health System, CHRISTUS Santa Rosa Health Care, Methodist Healthcare, and University Health System.

The Health Collaborative began informally in 1997 when several …

Combining Linear Regression With Reconstructability Analysis: A Study Of Differences In Health Status, Renato Carletti, Martin Zwick

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

A linear regression model was used to predict variations in health status with the hypothesis that literacy level as a proximal measure for educational attainment would show a strong correlation with health status. Groups of other independent variables have also been introduced in the model to test whether the effect of literacy on health would have been mediated by other factors, or increased by them. The linear regression model did not show any strong relation between literacy and health, but pointed to other factors as predictors of health status.

Methods of data mining have been used for exploring throughout all …

Does The Message Matter? Enhancing Patient Adherence Through Persuasive Messages, Muhammad F. Walji

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

To improve health and reduce costs, we need to encourage patients to make better healthcare decisions. Many informatics interventions are aimed at improving health outcomes by influencing patient behavior. However, we know little about how the content of a message in these interventions can influence a health-related decision. In this research we formulate a conceptual model to help explain and guide the design of “persuasive messages”, those which can change and influence patient behavior. We apply the conceptual model to design persuasive appointment reminder messages using humancentered design principles. Finally, we empirically test our hypotheses in a randomized controlled trial …

Ic079: Muse News Newsletters, Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter 2006, John P. Mcgovern Museum Of Health And Medical Science

Museum Publications (1998-2009)

McGovern Museum of Health and Medical Science Spring Summer, Autumn and Winter 2006 magazine featuring news and information on upcoming museum events, exhibits, and programs.

The Puzzle Of Ivf, Dena S. Davis

Law Faculty Articles and Essays

This essay seeks to address a puzzling element of the current political and legal struggles over abortion in the United States: if, as pro-life activists insist, embryos are morally equivalent to born, living persons, then why do these activists not oppose in vitro fertilization (IVF) as aggressively as they oppose abortion? IVF accounts for a significant number of destroyed embryos. Constitutionally, IVF appears to be a much more vulnerable target than abortion. And yet, legislative and political attempts to attack and restrict IVF are few, while attempts to erode women's capability to terminate pregnancies are a constant feature of our …

T Cell Integrin Dependent, Mkk3/P38 Mapk-Mediated Stabilization Of Labile Cytokine Mrnas, Scott David Degregorio

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The goal of this project is to elucidate the signaling pathway involved in the T cell integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) engagement-mediated, HuR nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation and subsequent mRNA stabilization. To examine the pathway transducing LFA-1 engagement-mediated mRNA stabilization, we employed quantitative, real time RT-PCR in the presence of a transcriptional inhibitor to examine the half-life of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) mRNA, a labile cytokine transcript. We used immunofluorescence to observe the nuclear-to-cytoplasmic tranlocation of HuR, an mRNA-binding and stabilizing protein. We also used Western blot analysis to analyze the activity levels of specific mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) upon LFA-1 …

Onset And Exacerbation Of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder In Pregnancy And The Postpartum Period, Mariel Aida Focseneanu

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The overarching goal of this study was two-fold; to determine the prevalence of perinatal onset or worsening of OCD symptoms in women attending a university-based research program, and to determine whether there is a continuity between perinatal onset or worsening of OCD and premenstrual exacerbation of such symptoms. Women ages 18 to 69 years old that were enrolled in the Yale OCD Research Program between 1990 and 1995 were interviewed by phone or in person regarding demographics, onset and course of OCD, types of primary OCD symptoms, treatment history, comorbid diagnoses including substance use/abuse, and the impact of pregnancy and …

A Quantitative Analysis Of Computed Tomography Scanner Utilization In An Academic Medical Center, Amichai J. Erdfarb

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The purpose of this study is to quantify computed tomography (CT) scanner utilization and productivity in an academic hospital setting and determine the primary causes of idle time. Two CT scanners were observed for a total of 202 scanner-hours. Scanner time was divided into two primary components: "active" and "idle." Active time was further divided into preparation, scan, and take-down times. Independent variables recorded include in- vs. outpatient, IV contrast (IVC) vs. non-IVC, and scanner type. Primary contributors to idle time were identified in six main categories: preventative maintenance (PM), technical failure, upgrades, calibration, understaffing, and poor flow management. 275 …

Treating The Children Of Bolivia Infected With Chagas Disease: A Cost-Benefit Analysis, Gregory A. Magee

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The purpose of this study was to perform a cost-benefit analysis of an intervention to treat all the children in Bolivia (under 15 years of age) who are infected with Chagas disease. This research was carried out in La Paz, Bolivia where the author lived for a year collecting data in collaboration with the National Chagas Control Program, Bolivian Ministry of Health. Operational costs were based on current prices for laboratory testing and pharmaceuticals, average hourly wages for health care workers, and the number of children who would be treated. The benefit of the program was estimated as the sum …

The Process Of Implementing Health-Promoting Schools In Zhejiang Province, China: A Dissertation, Carmen E. Aldinger

Educational Studies Dissertations

This study describes in detail the processes, interventions, challenges, and self-reported changes associated with implementing the Health-Promoting Schools (HPS) project in Zhejiang Province, China. It is a descriptive study, based on a case study model, using illustrative examples from nine schools. Grounded theory analysis revealed detailed pre-implementation, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation processes; classroom-based, school-wide and outreach activities; and modifications to the physical and psycho-social school environment. Schools faced a number of challenges related to understanding and integrating the HPS concept and a lack of professional development and support. Yet. participants reported many health-conducive changes in their attitudes, conceptual knowledge, …

The Psychological Assessment Of Applicants For Priesthood And Religious Life, Thomas G. Plante

Psychology

The recent clergy sexual abuse scandals in the Roman Catholic Church have focused a great deal of attention on how we evaluate applicants to the priesthood and religious life. The crisis has underscored the critical need to ensure that men who have a sexual predilection towards children be barred from entering religious life and priesthood. Additionally, men who have other significant psychiatric conditions that put them at risk of harming children or others have no place as Church leaders or clergy in positions where they have access to and power over vulnerable others.

Promoting Gender Equity Among Young Brazilian Men As An Hiv Prevention Strategy, Julie Pulerwitz, Gary Barker, Marcio Segundo, Marcos Nascimento

HIV and AIDS

There is growing evidence that social norms that promote unequal gender roles increase young men and women’s risk of HIV/STIs and partner violence. Thus, changing gender norms is increasingly recognized as an important strategy to prevent the spread of HIV infection. Few interventions to promote gender-equitable norms and behaviors among young men have been systematically implemented or evaluated, and little is known about how best to measure changes in gender norms and their effect on HIV/STI protective and risk behaviors. To address these gaps, the Horizons Program and Instituto Promundo examined the effectiveness of interventions designed to improve young men’s …