Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Development And Validation Of An Anthropometrically Based Prediction Equation For Estimating The Percent Body Fat Of Post-Menopausal Black Females, Leanne Petry, Lloyd L. Laubach, Peter W. Hovey, Nikki Lynn Rogers, Bradford Towne, William Cameron Chumlea

Population and Public Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Anthropometric equations developed specifically for the estimation of body composition parameters in Black females are limited. Data from the Lifespan Health Research Center were used to develop a new, easy to use equation to estimate the percent body fat of post-menopausal Black females using simple and easy to collect anthropometrics. The body composition of 72 post-menopausal Black females was measured by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). Validation (N=55) and cross-validation groups (N=17) were randomly assigned. Prediction models were developed using stepwise multiple regression analyses with percent body fat as the dependent variable and various anthropometrics as the independent variables. The …

An Electromyographic Assessment Of Lumbar Paraspinal Muscles During Core Stability Exercises, Alicia Marleina Osuna

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objective: Clinicians often use Swiss balls in exercise regimens to recruit activity of the paraspinal musculature. However, we do not know if muscle activity differences exist while performing an exercise on a stable or unstable surface. Design and Settings: A 1 X 2 factorial with repeated measures design guided this study. The single within-subjects factor was a core stability exercise with 2 levels: a stable condition (chair) and an unstable condition (Thera-band® exercise ball). The dependent variables were the integrated electromyography (I-EMG) amplitude of the left and right lumbar paraspinal musculature. Subjects: Sixteen moderately active and healthy male subjects (age: …

Ankle Bracing Does Not Affect Force Development During A Single-Legged Vertical Jump, John M. Ibarra

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The effect of prophylactic ankle bracing on functional performance and isolated joint torque has been well studied. However, the potential effect of external 111 ankle support on force production during a sport-specific task remains unknown. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the potential effects of two widely used prophylactic ankle braces on lower extremity force development while performing a onelegged vertical jump. Design and Setting: A 1 x 3 factorial was used in this study. The single independent variable was ankle brace with 3 levels: 1) Semi-rigid ankle brace; 2) Lace-up style brace; and 3) control …

The Effect Of Exercise On The Threshold Frequency Of An Electrically Induced Muscle Cramp, Hiroki Sato

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Context: It has been observed that subjects that have experienced an exercise associated muscle cramp (EAMC) exhibited decreases in the threshold frequency (TF) of an electrical induced muscle cramp (EIMC). Hovvever, it is not known if this change was due to the exercise alone. Objective: To determine if full effort football conditioning exercises cause a shift in TF of an EIMC. Design: A 2 X 2 folly repeated measures factorial design was used for this study. The two independent variables were condition (rest, and exercise), and time (pre, and post). Setting: Subjects: Nine NCAA Division IAA football players participating in …

Expression Of Cd68 And Macrophage Chemoattractant Protein-1 Genes In Human Adipose And Muscle Tissues: Association With Cytokine Expression, Insulin Resistance, And Reduction By Pioglitazone, Gina B. Di Gregorio, Aiwei Yao-Borengasser, Neda Rasouli, Vijayalakshmi Varma, Tong Lu, Leslie M. Milrd, Gouri Ranganathan, Charlotte A. Peterson, Robert E. Mcgehee Jr., Philip A. Kern

Clinical and Translational Science Faculty Publications

To examine the role of adipose-resident macrophages in insulin resistance, we examined the gene expression of CD68, a macrophage marker, along with macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in human subcutaneous adipose tissue using real-time RT-PCR. Both CD68 and MCP-1 mRNAs were expressed in human adipose tissue, primarily in the stromal vascular fraction. When measured in the adipose tissue from subjects with normal glucose tolerance, covering a wide range of BMI (21-51 kg/m²) and insulin sensitivity (S_I) (0.6-8.0 × 10^-4 min^-1 · μU^-1 · ml^-1), CD68 mRNA abundance, which correlated with the number …

Implications Of Spatial Autocorrelation And Dispersal For The Modeling Of Species Distributions, Volker Bahn

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Modeling the geographical distributions of wildlife species is important for ecology and conservation biology. Spatial autocorrelation in species distributions poses a problem for distribution modeling because it invalidates the assumption of independence among sample locations. I explored the prevalence and causes of spatial autocorrelation in data from the Breeding Bird Survey, covering the conterminous United States, using Regression Trees, Conditional Autoregressive Regressions (CAR), and the partitioning of variance. I also constructed a simulation model to investigate dispersal as a process contributing to spatial autocorrelation, and attempted to verify the connection between dispersal and spatial autocorrelation in species’ distributions in empirical …

Vital Signs, Fall 2005, Boonshoft School Of Medicine

Vital Signs

A twenty-eight page newsletter created by the Boonshoft School of Medicine to document the current affairs of the school. This issue includes a variety of feature articles, faculty profiles, class notes, and more.

Trends In Hospital-Based Management Of Acute Asthma From A Teaching Hospital In South Asia., S F. Hussain, M D. Omar, H. Ari, S .R. Sameeruddin, Ali Bin Sarwar Zubairi, Javaid Khan

Department of Medicine

The aim of this study is to evaluate the hospital-based management of acute asthma in south Asia and to compare practices over a 10-year period. Adult patients (n = 102) admitted at a teaching hospital with acute asthma were studied. Documentation of precipitating factors, family history and physical signs were inadequate in more than half of patients. Pulse oximetry was documented in 95 (93%) patients, but peak flow monitoring was performed only in 50 (49%) patients. Ten-year trend showed deterioration in history and physical examination skills, under use of peak flow readings, and poor pre-discharge instructions. Some aspects of improved …

The Experience Of American And Canadian Cancer Patients In Deciding To Seek Alternative Care In Mexican Cancer Clinics, Alicia Bright

Dissertations, Masters Theses, Capstones, and Culminating Projects

Background. Each year, despite warnings from the American Cancer Association, many US and Canadian citizens travel to Tijuana, Mexico, for cancer care. The main criticism of these clinics is that they provide treatments that are unproven, potentially unsafe, and expensive. Despite this, about 35 clinics exist in Tijuana that provide alternative care to patients who pay cash for these services.

Objectives. To understand the lived experience of people who have made the choice to receive cancer treatment at alternative cancer clinics in Tijuana, and gain insight into the process by which that decision occurs.

Population. 5 participants were interviewed. Three …

Renal Involvement In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus In Pakistan, Malik Anas Rabbani, Muhammad Hammad Tahir, Bilal Karim Siddiqui, Bushra Ahmad, A Shamim, Syed Mansoor Shah, Aasim Ahmad

Section of Nephrology

Objective: To find the prevalence of lupus nephritis, delineate its clinical, immunological and therapeutic characteristics and compare them with the data worldwide.PATIENTS AND Methods: Between 1985 and 2001, 198 patients with SLE fulfilling the clinical and laboratory criteria of the American Rheumatism Association (ARA) admitted to the hospital were studied by means of a retrospective review of their records.Results: Renal involvement was found in 89 (45%) patients. Biopsy showed lupus nephritis in 42 patients; there were 9 male and 33 females. Mean age at initial presentation was 27 years and mean duration of follow-up was 2 .3 years. The histological …

Therapeutic Benefits Of Ultrasound Can Be Achieved And Maintained With 1 Mhz, 4 Era Ultrasound Treatment, Lori B. Meyer

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Context: Thermal ultrasound has been used for the past two decades because of its ability to increase underlying local tissue temperatures promoting healing. It is recommended that ultrasound treatment be performed on a 2-3 ERA area for 10 minutes. However, clinicians often need to treat larger areas using ultrasound, clinicians may add to the possible treatment sights and not rely on or purchase other machines. Research has yet to investigate if therapeutic levels can be obtained by increasing the treatment time. Objective: To investigate if increasing the duration of an ultrasound treatment with a treatment area of 4 timesthe sound …

The Importance Of Athletic Training Students Performing On-Field Evaluations, Amisha Patel

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Context: It is unclear the frequency with which athletic training students perform on-field evaluations. Objective: The purpose of this study is to: (1) quantify the frequency senior ATSs observe, assist, and perform on-field evaluations during their clinical rotations; and (2) assess the senior ATSs perceptions of their experiences during on-field evaluations. Design: A 28-item survey entitled Survey of Senior Level Athletic Training Students Perceptions of Quality and Quantity of On-Field Evaluations During Clinical Rotations was developed based on a comprehensive literature review. The survey was grouped as follows: 3 demographic questions, 8 Likert scale statements, 9 "check all that apply", …

Indications And Accuracy Of Ophthalmic Ultrasonography Inking Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, P. Laksanaphuk, T. Yarnwit, S. Tirakunwichcha, B. Khambhiphant, P. Suntharo, S. Pukrushpan, S. Pasadhika, W. Tulvatana

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Limitations Of Urine Strip Method, P. Ekawong, V. Wiwanitkit

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Dentalgram - Vol. 19, No. 08, Loma Linda University School Of Dentistry

Dentalgram

In this issue:

• LLUSD radiology clinic goes digital
• Dental hygiene students capture research award at CDA meetings in Las Vegas
• Welcome new residents-orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics; endodontics
• Featured employee of the month
• Dean's list

A Brief History And Current Status Of A Dental Therapy Initiative In The United States, David A. Nash, Ron J. Nagel

Oral Health Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Experimental Ocular Toxoplasmosis In Genetically Susceptible And Resistant Mice, Fangli Lu, Shiguang Huang, Mark S. Hu, Lloyd H. Kasper

Dartmouth Scholarship

Genetic factors determining the pathogenesis and course of ocular toxoplasmosis are poorly understood. In this study, we explored the development of experimental ocular pathogenesis in genetically dissimilar mice infected with either the RH strain, the PLK strain, or the immunodominant surface antigen 1 (SAG1 [P30])-deficient mutant of the RH strain of Toxoplasma gondii. At 11 days postinfection, ocular infection of C57BL/6 mice with all of the strains of parasites resulted in severe inflammatory lesions and high numbers of parasites in eye tissue; less severe ocular lesions at earlier histopathology and prolonged survival were observed in this mouse strain infected …

Nurse Anesthetists In Southeastern Kentucky: A Survey Of Supply Versus Demand, Judy Owens, David A. Gross, Peggy Lewis

Center of Excellence in Rural Health Reports

Examines the geographic maldistribution of nurse anesthetists in Kentucky and the status of their positions and vacancies at all 19 hospitals in the southeastern part of the state. UK Center for Excellence in Rural Health-Hazard researchers found that southeastern Kentucky has 12.5 percent of Kentucky’s total population and performs 11.5 percent of the state’s total surgeries - but has only 6.5 percent of the state’s total resident nurse anesthetists.

Digest Of The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine (Fall 2005), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Digest

The Fall 2005 issue of the Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine includes the following articles:

• Opening Remarks
• PCOM Updates and Kudos
• Uncommon Callings
• Take a Deep Breath
• Remembering Dr. Meals
• Class Notes
• In Memoriam
• My Turn
• Andrew Taylor Still Legacy Society
• PCOM Events

Incidence And Clinical Predictors Of Risk Factors For Inappropriate Shock In Patients With Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators, Shu-Ling Lo Phd

Dissertations

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a major unresolved medical problem worldwide. Although Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators (ICD) are highly effective in diagnosing and treating life threatening arrhythmias, inappropriate shock therapy (IST) occurs in approximately 5-20% of ICD recipients. IST results in pain, anxiety, induction of ventricular arrhythmias, decreased battery longevity, and even death. Researchers studying clinical predictors of IST have drawn findings based on single case studies with small samples or with outdated data. This study filled this gap by describing the incidence and co-existing clinical predictors of IST. Methodology This descriptive, retrospective study analyzed the incidence and clinical predictors of IST …

An Exploratory Study Of Functional Status In Post Cardiac Arrest Survivors Discharged To Home, John J. Whitcomb Phd

Dissertations

Cardiopulmonary arrest is a major health problem, claiming 350,000 to 450,000 lives per year in the United States, but survival has increased to 49% from the use of Automated External Defibrillators (AED) by lay personnel. Leidy's work on functional status is a comprehensive framework to describe functional status and has not been used in this population. The specific aims of the project were to describe perceived functional capacity, physical functional performance, mental health, symptom distress, and demographic factors in survivors of cardiopulmonary arrest after discharge to home and to examine the relationship among perceived functional capacity, mental health and physical …

Mortality Trend Due To Ischemic Heart Diseases In The City Of Curitiba – Brazil, From 1980 To 1998, Edevar Daniel, Helio Germiniani, Eleusis Ronconi Nazareno, Simone Viana Braga, Anderson M. Winkler, Claudio L. Pereira Da Cunha

School of Medicine Publications

Objective: To assess mortality trends due to ischemic heart diseases, per sex, and acute myocardial infarction, per sex and age range, from 1980 to 1998, in the city of Curitiba.

Methods: Data of death due to ischemic heart disease and acute myocardial infarction from Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade do Ministério da Saúde (Information System on Mortality of Ministry of Health), per sex, age range and domicile location in Curitiba were used. Population data were obtained from Fundação Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics Foundation). Mortality rates were adjusted per age through direct method, …

Effects Of Resistance Training Volume And Variety On Dietary Intake And Mood State In Untrained Subject, Suzette K. Smith

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background: While there is research on the effects of aerobic training on various aspects of mood state and nutrient intake, little is known of the effect of resistance training on these variables.

Purpose: To examine the effects of resistance training (RT) volume and variety on total energy (kcal) and macronutrient intake, and mood states in a healthy, untrained population.

Method:The investigation was part of a prospective experimental study examining the effects of three RT protocols on body composition and strength. An initial 102, healthy, untrained male and female participants, ages 20-40, were recruited, and randomized into one of three …

Use Of Chromium Picolinate And Biotin In The Management Of Type 2 Diabetes: An Economic Analysis, Joseph P. Fuhr Jr., Hope He, Neil Goldfarb, David B. Nash

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

This paper addresses the potential economic benefits of chromium picolinate plus biotin (Diachrome ®) use in people with Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The economic model was developed to estimate the impact on health care systems’ costs by improved HbA1C levels with chromium picolinate plus biotin (Diachrome). Lifetimes cost savings were estimated by adjusting a benchmark from the literature, using a price index to adjust for inflation. The cost of diabetes is highly dependent on the HbA1C level with higher initial levels and higher annual increments increasing the cost. Improvement in glycemic control has proven to be cost-effective in delaying the …

Clinical Symptoms And Global Function Study Of Outpatientschizophrenia At King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital,Thai Red Cross Society, D. Lalitanantpong

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Injures And Death From The Electricity, K. Vongpaisarnsin

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Current Management Of Varicose Veins, W. Weerayutthasilp, A. Chulakadabba

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Tcpf Is A Soluble Colonization Factor And Protective Antigen Secreted By El Tor And Classical O1 And O139 Vibrio Cholerae Serogroups, Thomas J. Kirn, Ronald K. Taylor

Dartmouth Scholarship

Vibrio cholerae causes diarrhea by colonizing the human small bowel and intoxicating epithelial cells. Colonization is a required step in pathogenesis, and strains defective for colonization are significantly attenuated. The best-characterized V. cholerae colonization factor is the toxin-coregulated pilus (TCP). It has been demonstrated that TCP is required for V. cholerae colonization in both humans and mice. TCP enhances bacterial interactions that allow microcolony formation and thereby promotes survival in the intestine. We have recently discovered that the TCP biogenesis apparatus also serves as a secretion system, mediating the terminal step in the extracellular secretion pathway of TcpF. TcpF was …

Suicidal Bus Bombing Of French Nationals In Pakistan: Physical Injuries And Management Of Survivors, Hasnain Zafar, Rifat Rehmani, Tabish Chawla, Masood Umer, Mohsin-E-Azam

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Suicidal bombing is particularly devastating and an increasingly common form of terrorist violence. In this paper, we present an epidemiologic description of the physical injuries of patients who survived the suicidal bombing attack in the context of the limited medical resources of a developing nation.

METHODS:

The management of individual patients was reviewed from a preprinted trauma form. Information on the nature of injuries, operative management and hospital course was recorded and data analyzed using the Trauma Registry.

RESULTS:

Twelve survivors out of 36 bomb blast victims brought to the Aga Khan University Hospital were transferred from primary …

New Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Information: Preparing For The Change, Joseph A. Woelfel

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.