Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Auditory display (2)
- Data mapping (2)
- Experimentation (2)
- Human factors (2)
- Pavlovian conditioning (2)
-
- Performance (2)
- Sonification (2)
- 5-HT1A (1)
- 5-HT1B (1)
- Acculturation (1)
- Adolescent (1)
- Agreeableness; Extraversion; Volunteering; Motivation; Prosocial behaviors; Personality; Traits; Motives (1)
- Attila (1)
- Childhood abuse (1)
- Clinical decision making (1)
- Conditioned place preference (1)
- Control (1)
- Crane (1)
- Cuban Americans (1)
- Date rape (1)
- Dating (1)
- Depression (1)
- Drug withdrawal (1)
- Dynamic systems (1)
- Epistasis (1)
- HIV/AIDS (1)
- Hendricks (1)
- Impulsivity (1)
- Interstimulus interval (1)
- Knockout (1)
Articles 1 - 30 of 48
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Exposure Utilization And Completion Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Ptsd In A “Realworld” Clinical Practice, Claudia Zayfert, Jason C. Deviva, Carolyn Becker, Julie L. Pike, Karen L. Gillock, Sarah A. Hayes
Exposure Utilization And Completion Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy For Ptsd In A “Realworld” Clinical Practice, Claudia Zayfert, Jason C. Deviva, Carolyn Becker, Julie L. Pike, Karen L. Gillock, Sarah A. Hayes
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
This study assessed rates of imaginal exposure therapy (ET) utilization and completion of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a clinical setting and examined variables associated with CBT completion. Using a clinical definition, the completion rate of CBT was markedly lower than rates reported in randomized trials. CBT completion was inversely related to severity of overall pretreatment measures of PTSD, avoidance, hyperarousal, depression, impaired social functioning, and borderline personality disorder. Regression yielded avoidance and depression as unique predictors of completion. Most dropouts occurred before starting imaginal ET, although initiating ET was associated with greater likelihood of …
Child Abuse And Neglect, David K. Dilillo, Michelle A. Fortier, Andrea R. Perry
Child Abuse And Neglect, David K. Dilillo, Michelle A. Fortier, Andrea R. Perry
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Although all child abuse is disturbing, the story of Little Diana represents a particularly horrific example—one involving extreme cruelty that resulted the death of a young child. While death is not the most common consequence of abuse, it is the most tragic and unacceptable outcome. What can be gleaned from this case that might prove useful in preventing similar incidents of abuse in the future? In considering this question, two factors emerge that may shed light on important directions for child abuse advocacy. These factors center around the unique challenges faced by immigrant families, and the need for increased perpetrator …
An Exploratory Study Of Constructions Of Masculinity, Sexuality And Hiv/Aids In Namibia, Southern Africa, Jill Brown, James Sorrell, Marcela Raffaelli
An Exploratory Study Of Constructions Of Masculinity, Sexuality And Hiv/Aids In Namibia, Southern Africa, Jill Brown, James Sorrell, Marcela Raffaelli
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
The goal of the current study was to explore notions of masculinity and their linkages to HIV/AIDS among Owambo men and women in Namibia, where an estimated one-fifth of 15–49 year-olds have acquired HIV. Thirteen open-ended interviews and three focus groups were conducted with 50 male and female participants aged 19–50 in rural and urban Namibia. Qualitative analysis revealed six central themes: the evolving meanings of masculinity, power dynamics between men and women, women as active agents, the tension between formal and informal education and HIV transmission, alcohol and masculinity, and the blending of masculinity and explanations of HIV and …
An Sas Macro For Implementing The Modified Bollen–Stine Bootstrap For Missing Data: Implementing The Bootstrap Using Existing Structural Equation Modeling Software, Craig K. Enders
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
The Bollen–Stine bootstrap can be used to correct for standard error and fit statistic bias that occurs in structural equation modeling (SEM) applications due to nonnormal data. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the use of a custom SAS macro program that can be used to implement the Bollen–Stine bootstrap with existing SEM software. Although this article focuses on missing data, the macro can be used with complete data sets as well. A series of heuristic analyses are presented, along with detailed programming instructions for each of the commercial SEM software packages.
Data Sonification From The Desktop: Should Sound Be Part Of Standard Data Analysis Software?, John H. Flowers, Dion C. Buhman, Kimberly D. Turnage
Data Sonification From The Desktop: Should Sound Be Part Of Standard Data Analysis Software?, John H. Flowers, Dion C. Buhman, Kimberly D. Turnage
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
The design of auditory formats for data display is presently focused on applications for blind or visually impaired users, specialized displays for use when visual attention must be devoted to other tasks, and some innovative work in revealing properties of complex data that may not be effectively rendered by traditional visual means. With the availability of high-quality and flexible sound production hardware in standard desktop computers, the potential exists for using sound to represent characteristics of typical “small and simple” samples of data in routine data inspection and analysis. Our research has shown that basic properties of simple functions, distribution …
Desktop Data Sonification: Comments On Flowers Et Al., Icad 1996, John H. Flowers, Kimberly D. Turnage, Dion C. Buhman
Desktop Data Sonification: Comments On Flowers Et Al., Icad 1996, John H. Flowers, Kimberly D. Turnage, Dion C. Buhman
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Sonification tools have not yet become typical components of data analysis software, despite dramatic advances in sound-production capabilities of personal computers over the past decade. However, we continue to believe that auditory displays have the potential to be highly useful for “small scale” exploration of data for normally sighted users as well as an alternative format for users with visual impairment. Demonstration of effective examples of auditory data displays and design of flexible software tools for data sonification will be key factors in determining the impact of this method of data representation.
Will Travel For Food: Spatial Discounting In Two New World Monkeys, Jeffrey R. Stevens, Alexandra G. Rosati, Kathryn R. Ross, Marc D. Hauser
Will Travel For Food: Spatial Discounting In Two New World Monkeys, Jeffrey R. Stevens, Alexandra G. Rosati, Kathryn R. Ross, Marc D. Hauser
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Nonhuman animals steeply discount the future, showing a preference for small, immediate over large, delayed rewards [1–5]. Currently unclear is whether discounting functions depend on context. Here, we examine the effects of spatial context on discounting in cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus) and common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), species known to differ in temporal discounting [5]. We presented subjects with a choice between small, nearby rewards and large, distant rewards. Tamarins traveled farther for the large reward than marmosets, attending to the ratio of reward differences rather than their absolute values. This species difference contrasts with performance on …
Understanding Latino Children And Adolescents In The Mainstream: Placing Culture At The Center Of Developmental Models, Marcela Raffaelli, Gustavo Carlo, Miguel A. Carranza, Gloria E. Gonzalez-Kruger
Understanding Latino Children And Adolescents In The Mainstream: Placing Culture At The Center Of Developmental Models, Marcela Raffaelli, Gustavo Carlo, Miguel A. Carranza, Gloria E. Gonzalez-Kruger
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Demographic shifts in the U.S. population require developmental researchers to increase their attention to cultural diversity. Conceptual models that incorporate culturally relevant variables and focus on normative and positive development are needed to produce a more balanced understanding of Latino youth development.
The presence of Spanish-speaking people and their descendents in what are now parts of the United States of America dates back to the early sixteenth century. Despite this presence, Latino families and their children have been inadequately— and sometimes inaccurately—represented in the developmental literature. (In this chapter, the term Latino is used to refer to both male and …
Moral Development In Adolescence, Daniel Hart, Gustavo Carlo
Moral Development In Adolescence, Daniel Hart, Gustavo Carlo
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Themes in the papers in this special issue of the JRA on moral development are identified. We discuss the intersection of moral development research with policy concerns, the distinctive qualities of moral life in adolescence that warrant investigation, the multiple connotations of "moral," the methods typical of moral development research, and the influences that shape adolescent moral development. Suggestions are made for new methods and new directions in the study of moral development.
Moral development in adolescence has reached maturity as an area of research. This essay introduces a special issue of the Journal of Research on Adolescence, which …
United Way And University Partnerships In Community-Wide Human Services Planning And Plan Implementation: The Case Of Lincoln/Lancaster County, Nebraska., Alan Tomkins, Nancy C. Shank, Darcy Tromanhauser, Sandy Rupp, Robin Mahoney
United Way And University Partnerships In Community-Wide Human Services Planning And Plan Implementation: The Case Of Lincoln/Lancaster County, Nebraska., Alan Tomkins, Nancy C. Shank, Darcy Tromanhauser, Sandy Rupp, Robin Mahoney
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Given the similar interests of United Way organizations and universities in planning, implementation, and evaluation of human services, the two social institutions could be extensively and effectively partnering with one another. However, there is little documentation that such cooperative efforts are taking place. This article describes one such collaboration in Lincoln, Nebraska. The purpose of the article is to show the potential of such collaboration to improve community-wide coordination and outcomes by following the principles of a community-engagement model, to generate more effective use of evaluative tools that can assist in developing evidence-based practices in community planning, and to connect …
The Role Of Adult Expectations On The Recovery Of Sexually Abused Children, Haig Kouyoumdjian, Andrea R. Perry, David J. Hansen
The Role Of Adult Expectations On The Recovery Of Sexually Abused Children, Haig Kouyoumdjian, Andrea R. Perry, David J. Hansen
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Child sexual abuse is a disturbingly prevalent problem that has continued to receive increased attention in the United States. Because there is substantial variability in how sexual abuse impacts children, it is important to examine potential mediating variables, including the ways in which child and family factors contribute to children’s recovery. One of the most extensively researched family variables has been parental support, and this research has demonstrated a positive relationship between parental support and children’s functioning following sexual abuse. Another family variable that likely infl uences parent–child interactions and children’s recovery is parental expectations. Although adults’ expectations about children …
Well-Being In Rural Nebraska: 2005 Nebraska Rural Poll Results, Rebecca J. Vogt, Randolph L. Cantrell, Bruce B. Johnson, Alan Tomkins
Well-Being In Rural Nebraska: 2005 Nebraska Rural Poll Results, Rebecca J. Vogt, Randolph L. Cantrell, Bruce B. Johnson, Alan Tomkins
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Nebraska’s economy has begun to improve during recent years. How have these changes affected rural Nebraskans? How do rural Nebraskans perceive their quality of life? Do their perceptions differ by community size, the region in which they live, or their occupation? Who do they feel comfortable talking to about their personal problems? What factors are most important to rural Nebraskans when selecting a behavioral health service provider? This report details 2,851 responses to the 2005 Nebraska Rural Poll, the tenth annual effort to understand rural Nebraskans’ perceptions. Respondents were asked a series of questions regarding their individual well-being. Trends for …
Applying Cognitive Psychology To Education, Training And Testing: Review Of Experimental Cognitive Psychology And Its Applications, A. F. Healy (Ed.)., Brian H. Bornstein
Applying Cognitive Psychology To Education, Training And Testing: Review Of Experimental Cognitive Psychology And Its Applications, A. F. Healy (Ed.)., Brian H. Bornstein
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
This book, which is part of the American Psychological Association’s Decade of Behavior series, is both less and more than it seems. Its title sounds like it would be suitable for a cognitive psychology laboratory course, but its scope is too narrow for that. It focuses largely on a relatively small subset of applied cognitive psychological topics—education, training, and testing—and the research traditions of three (albeit three distinguished and influential) researchers: Lyle Bourne, Walter Kintsch, and Thomas Landauer. In that sense, then, the book is less than it seems. In another sense, though, it is more than it seems. In …
Adolescent Dating Experiences Described By Latino College Students, Marcela Raffaelli
Adolescent Dating Experiences Described By Latino College Students, Marcela Raffaelli
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Latino college students (M age = 21.4 years) completed self-report surveys assessing adolescent dating experiences. Compared to young men (n = 69), young women (n = 97) had more limitations placed on them by parents as adolescents and began dating later. No gender difference in timing of the first serious relationship emerged. More young women had their first relationship with a Latino, and having a Latino boyfriend was associated with older partner age. In multivariate analyses, parental level of education was a stronger correlate of early dating experiences than generational status, and stronger findings emerged for young women than young …
Rural Nebraskans’ Support For Alternative Energy Sources: 2005 Nebraska Rural Poll Results, Rebecca J. Vogt, Randolph L. Cantrell, Bruce B. Johnson, Alan Tomkins
Rural Nebraskans’ Support For Alternative Energy Sources: 2005 Nebraska Rural Poll Results, Rebecca J. Vogt, Randolph L. Cantrell, Bruce B. Johnson, Alan Tomkins
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Alternative and renewable energy sources have been given increasing attention during the past few years. Many wind energy projects and ethanol plants have been started across the state. How do rural Nebraskans view alternative energy sources? Do they view them as beneficial to the state’s economy? Do they think more electricity should be generated from alternative energy sources? How often do they use ethanol blend fuel? This report details 2,851 responses to the 2005 Nebraska Rural Poll, the tenth annual effort to understand rural Nebraskans’ perceptions. Respondents were asked a series of questions about alternative energy sources. For all questions, …
Acculturation Status And Sexuality Among Female Cuban American College Students, Marcela Raffaelli, Byron L. Zamboanga, Gustavo Carlo
Acculturation Status And Sexuality Among Female Cuban American College Students, Marcela Raffaelli, Byron L. Zamboanga, Gustavo Carlo
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
The authors examined relations among different measures of acculturation, and between acculturation and sexual behavior, in a sample of female Cuban American college students (n = 61, M age = 18.4 years) who completed self-report surveys. In the first set of analyses, weak to moderate associations emerged among 4 measures of acculturation (birthplace, childhood language use, current language use, and ethnic identity), suggesting that inconsistent findings from prior research may have resulted from measurement limitations. In multivariate analyses, the authors examined predictors of sexual behavior and found that 1 aspect of acculturation (higher levels of ethnic identity) and background characteristics …
Community Life And Housing In Rural Nebraska: 2005 Nebraska Rural Poll Results, Rebecca J. Vogt, Randolph L. Cantrell, Bruce B. Johnson, Alan Tomkins
Community Life And Housing In Rural Nebraska: 2005 Nebraska Rural Poll Results, Rebecca J. Vogt, Randolph L. Cantrell, Bruce B. Johnson, Alan Tomkins
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Many rural communities are experiencing population decline. However, rural residents have continued to show a strong attachment to their communities. How do rural Nebraskans feel about their community? Are they satisfied with the services provided? Do they own their home? What is the condition of their home?
This report details 2,851 responses to the 2005 Nebraska Rural Poll, the tenth annual effort to understand rural Nebraskans’ perceptions. Respondents were asked a series of questions about their community and housing. Trends for some of these questions are examined by comparing data from the nine previous polls to this year’s results. For …
Lizette Peterson: A Collaboration Of Passion And Science, David Dilillo, George Tremblay
Lizette Peterson: A Collaboration Of Passion And Science, David Dilillo, George Tremblay
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Since her untimely death in July of 2002, there have been two tributes to Lizette Peterson published in psychology journals. Sher and Homer (2003) provided an overview of Lizette’s history and achievements, and Roberts (2002), in the pages of this journal, reflected on her legacy to the field of Pediatric Psychology. Both are poignant remembrances by authors who held enduring and special places in Lizette’s affections. We will not seek to replicate the scope or intimacy of those portrayals, but instead to offer a brief chronology of her distinguished career and to establish a context for the articles presented in …
Rural Nebraska: Looking Back At A Decade Of Change And Progress: 2005 Nebraska Rural Poll Results, Rebecca J. Vogt, Randolph L. Cantrell, Bruce B. Johnson, Alan Tomkins
Rural Nebraska: Looking Back At A Decade Of Change And Progress: 2005 Nebraska Rural Poll Results, Rebecca J. Vogt, Randolph L. Cantrell, Bruce B. Johnson, Alan Tomkins
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
To commemorate the 10th anniversary of the Nebraska Rural Poll, rural Nebraskans were asked about changes they may have experienced during the past ten years. Where have they lived during the past decade? In what types of business activities have they been involved? Have they received any education or training during that time period? What has been their experience with the Internet?
This report details 2,851 responses to the 2005 Nebraska Rural Poll, the tenth annual effort to understand rural Nebraskans’ perceptions. Respondents were asked a series of questions about changes they have experienced during the past ten years. For …
Religiosity And Prosocial Behaviours In Adolescence: The Mediating Role Of Prosocial Values, Sam A. Hardy, Gustavo Carlo
Religiosity And Prosocial Behaviours In Adolescence: The Mediating Role Of Prosocial Values, Sam A. Hardy, Gustavo Carlo
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
This study examined the hypothesis that religiosity would be differentially related to six types of adolescent prosocial behavior, and that these relations would be mediated by the prosocial value of kindness. Self-report data were collected from 142 high school students (63 per cent female; 91 per cent White; M age = 16.8, S =.80). Religiosity was a significant positive predictor of kindness, as well as compliant, anonymous and altruistic prosocial behavior, but not public, dire and emotional prosocial behavior. Associations between religiosity and both compliant and altruistic prosocial behaviors were mediated by kindness. Direct and indirect paths were found between …
The Ecology And Evolution Of Patience In Two New World Monkeys, Jeffrey R. Stevens, Elizabeth V. Hallinan, Marc D. Hauser
The Ecology And Evolution Of Patience In Two New World Monkeys, Jeffrey R. Stevens, Elizabeth V. Hallinan, Marc D. Hauser
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Decision making often involves choosing between small, short-term rewards and large, long-term rewards. All animals, humans included, discount future rewards—the present value of delayed rewards is viewed as less than the value of immediate rewards. Despite its ubiquity, there exists considerable but unexplained variation between species in their capacity to wait for rewards—that is, to exert patience or self-control. Using two closely related primates—common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) and cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus)— we uncover a variable that may explain differences in how species discount future rewards. Both species faced a self-control paradigm in which individuals chose …
Clinical Decision-Making About Psychopathy And Violence Risk Assessment In Public Sector Mental Health Settings, Eric B. Elbogen, Matthew T. Huss, Alan Tomkins, Mario J. Scalora
Clinical Decision-Making About Psychopathy And Violence Risk Assessment In Public Sector Mental Health Settings, Eric B. Elbogen, Matthew T. Huss, Alan Tomkins, Mario J. Scalora
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Although there has been extensive research on psychopathy, it is unknown how, or whether, clinicians in public sector mental health settings consider the Psychopathy Checklist (PCL) for assessing violence risk. Mental health clinicians (N = 135) from 4 facilities were interviewed by using multiple methods for collecting data on decision making. Participants considered clinical information most often when assessing violence risk, indicating that these data were most readily available. Clinicians perceived formal testing results (e.g., PCL) to be least available and considered testing least often, especially if clinicians had less clinical experience. Participants did not explicitly report using the …
Juror Reactions To Jury Duty: Perceptions Of The System And Potential Stressors, Brian H. Bornstein, Monica Miller, Robert J. Nemeth, Gregory L. Page, Sarah Musil
Juror Reactions To Jury Duty: Perceptions Of The System And Potential Stressors, Brian H. Bornstein, Monica Miller, Robert J. Nemeth, Gregory L. Page, Sarah Musil
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Jurors were surveyed on their general perceptions of the court system and factors that may cause stress immediately after trial, after participating in a post-trial debriefing, and a month after trial. Jurors had an overall positive view of the court system but did report some perceived inequities. The two most stressful elements of jury duty were related to the complexity of the trial and the decision-making involved in the trial, although jurors reported low levels of stress overall. Women reported more stress than men, and trial characteristics such as trial length also affected stress levels. The debriefing intervention was perceived …
“You Would If You Loved Me”: Toward An Improved Conceptual And Etiological Understanding Of Nonphysical Male Sexual Coercion, Sarah A. Degue, David Dilillo
“You Would If You Loved Me”: Toward An Improved Conceptual And Etiological Understanding Of Nonphysical Male Sexual Coercion, Sarah A. Degue, David Dilillo
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
This paper reviews current research regarding the prevalence and possible etiological factors associated with male sexual coercion, defined here as a class of inappropriate male behaviors in which nonphysical tactics (e.g., verbal pressure, lying, deceit, and continual arguments) are utilized to obtain sexual contact with an unwilling adult female. This form of sexual misconduct is contrasted with sexual aggression (i.e., forcible rape), in which the threat or use of physical force is utilized to gain sexual contact. A conceptual framework for understanding and examining sexual coercion within the broader context of male sexual misconduct is offered. This model consists of …
Novelty Reward As A Measure Of Anhedonia, Rick A. Bevins, Joyce Besheer
Novelty Reward As A Measure Of Anhedonia, Rick A. Bevins, Joyce Besheer
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
A decrease in sensitivity to pleasurable stimuli, anhedonia, is a major symptom of depression in humans. Several animal models have been developed to simulate this symptom (e.g. drug withdrawal, learned helplessness) using reward-sensitive procedures such as intracranial self-stimulation and progressive ratio responding as a measure of reward function. Recently, we introduced the use of another procedure, novel-object place conditioning in rats, to measure reward function in an associative learning situation. Withdrawal from chronic nicotine blocked a place preference conditioned by access to novel objects. This blockade was not due to impairment of object interaction, general activity, novelty detection, environmental familiarization, …
Histories Of Childhood Maltreatment In Schizophrenia: Relationships With Premorbid Functioning, Symptomatology, And Cognitive Deficits, Lindsay S. Schenkel, William D. Spaulding, David Dilillo, Steven M. Silverstein
Histories Of Childhood Maltreatment In Schizophrenia: Relationships With Premorbid Functioning, Symptomatology, And Cognitive Deficits, Lindsay S. Schenkel, William D. Spaulding, David Dilillo, Steven M. Silverstein
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
A number of studies have demonstrated an increased rate of histories of childhood maltreatment among adults with serious mental illness. The present investigation documented the presence of childhood maltreatment in a sample of 40 psychiatric inpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The type (neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse), duration, and severity of childhood maltreatment was examined along with measures of premorbid functioning, current symptomatology, and cognitive functioning. Participants with histories of maltreatment were significantly more likely to have poorer peer relationships in childhood, more diffi culty in school, an earlier age at first hospitalization, more previous hospitalizations, elevated symptoms of anxiety, …
Timing Of Conditioned Responding In A Nicotine Locomotor Conditioning Preparation: Manipulations Of The Temporal Arrangement Between Context Cues And Drug Administration, Rick A. Bevins, Sarah Eurek, Joyce Besheer
Timing Of Conditioned Responding In A Nicotine Locomotor Conditioning Preparation: Manipulations Of The Temporal Arrangement Between Context Cues And Drug Administration, Rick A. Bevins, Sarah Eurek, Joyce Besheer
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Using a locomotor conditioning preparation, we examined whether manipulating time between exposure to distinct environmental cues and nicotine administration affected conditioned responding. Rats that received nicotine (0.42 mg/kg base) immediately before placement in an environment for 30 min on eight separate occasions displayed hyperactivity relative to controls in a subsequent injection/drug-free test. This conditioned hyperactivity was weaker if nicotine was administered 15 min before environment exposure. Conditioning was not evidenced when nicotine was administered 15 min after placement or upon removal from the environment. In a follow-up experiment, rats received 45 min in the environment; nicotine was administered 15 min …
Current Mood And Food Choices: The Relation Between Positive Affect And Dietary Behavior, Kristi E. White, Amy M. Humke, Marc T. Kiviniemi
Current Mood And Food Choices: The Relation Between Positive Affect And Dietary Behavior, Kristi E. White, Amy M. Humke, Marc T. Kiviniemi
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Colloquially, much is made of the relation between food and mood. For example, “comfort foods” are eaten in the service of affect regulation. Affect can influence behavioral choices in a number of ways. We investigated whether college students’ mood when making dietary choices influenced the nutritional value of the foods chosen. Sixty-five participants completed a questionnaire immediately prior to eating a meal in a college dining hall. The questionnaire included a measure of current positive affect. Following the meal, participants reported what they ate for dinner. Using nutritional data from the college dining services, we used participants’ self reported food …
Should I Diet? What Should I Eat? Different Decision Making Factors Predict Dieting Intentions Versus Actual Dietary Behavior, Marc T. Kiviniemi, Kristi E. White, Amy M. Humke
Should I Diet? What Should I Eat? Different Decision Making Factors Predict Dieting Intentions Versus Actual Dietary Behavior, Marc T. Kiviniemi, Kristi E. White, Amy M. Humke
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Many individuals diet to lose weight. Most attempts are not successful—weight is either not lost or is quickly regained.We investigated decision making factors influencing dieting intentions versus those influencing actual behavior. Prior to eating in a university cafeteria, 65 participants reported their cost-benefit beliefs about low fat foods and fruits/vegetables, affective associations with both food categories, and whether they were currently dieting to lose weight. After the meal, participants reported what they ate. Using these reports and nutritional data from the college dining service, we computed the calories, total and saturated fat, sodium, and cholesterol consumed. Cost-benefit beliefs and affective …
Construction And Validation Of A Children’S Interpersonal Trust Belief Scale, Ken J. Rotenberg, Claire Fox, Sarah Green, Louise Ruderman, Kevin Slater, Kelly Stevens, Gustavo Carlo
Construction And Validation Of A Children’S Interpersonal Trust Belief Scale, Ken J. Rotenberg, Claire Fox, Sarah Green, Louise Ruderman, Kevin Slater, Kelly Stevens, Gustavo Carlo
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
A scale was constructed to assess children’s generalized trust beliefs (CGTB) in four target groups (mother, father, teacher and peer) with respect to three bases of trust: reliability, emotionality, and honesty. The CGTB Scale was administered to 145 Year 5 and 156 Year 6 children (mean age = 10 years, 1 month) residing in the English Midlands, United Kingdom. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses yielded evidence for the expected factor structure of the CGTB Scale. The total CGTB Scale and subscales demonstrated acceptable internal consistency and expected levels of stability across time. As support for validity, Year 6 participants’ scores …