Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Agency In The Life Course: Concepts And Processes, Lisa J. Crockett

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The capacity of humans to influence their lives has long been a theme within Western literature, philosophy, and psychology. In recent years, the theme of human agency has crystallized in the psychological literature in the concepts of control, self-regulation, and self-efficacy. As a result, considerable attention has been devoted to the psychological processes through which control is exerted, such as cognitive appraisals, goal setting, and planning, as well as control beliefs and the potentially debilitating effects of loss of control (e.g., Bandura, 1997; Boekaerts, Pintrich, & Zeidner, 2000; Carver & Scheier, 1998; Seligman, 1975). Although this body of work has …

Comparison Of Hydrostatic Weighing And Plethysmography Techniques For The Development Of Skinfold Prediction Equations For Children, Tomoko Tozuka

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Regression equations between skinfold (SKF) measurements and air displacement plethysmography (ADP) were determined 6 to 18 year old athletes (80 males / 34 females) using Pearson r correlation coefficients. Triceps and mid-calf SKF and percent body fat (%BF) by ADP were measured during an Athletic Ability Assessment at The HIT Center (Huntington, WV). A high relationship was found between SKF and %BF by ADP (males; r² = .76, females; r² = .74, all; r² = .77). Data from the subjects were compared with similar correlations determined between SKF and %BF by hydrostatic weighing (HW) from another study …

Review Of Communication Disorders In Multicultural Populations, John Stephen Brantley

Faculty & Staff Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

Review Of Medicine And The German Jews: A History, John Brantley

Faculty & Staff Research & Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

Department Of Veterinary And Biomedical Sciences: 2002 Annual Report

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Information and History

Foreword 2002
VBMS Faculty
VBMS Faculty and Staff, by Function and Unit
Honors. Awards and Recognitions. 2002
VBMS Committee Assignments. 2002
Faculty Profiles
VBMS Research Associates Profiles
VBMS Teaching Program
Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center (GPVEC)
VBMS Research Program
International Activities
Veterinary Extension Program
Nebraska Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory Systems (NVDLS)
VBMS Grants and Contracts Program
Patents by VBMS Faculty in 2002
Publications by VBMS Faculty
Presentations by VBMS Faculty
Articles Regarding the Department
Selected Committees. Editorial and Other Appointments
Departmental Budget Summaries
Nebraska Agricultural Statistics

Reduced-Median-Network Analysis Of Complete Mitochondrial Dna Coding-Region Sequences For The Major African, Asian, And European Haplogroups, Corinna Herrnstadt, Joanna L. Elson, Eoin Fahy, Gwen Preston, Douglass M. Turnbull, Christen Anderson, Soumitra S. Ghosh, Jerrold M. Olefsky, M. Flint Beal, Robert E. Davis, Neil Howell

United States Public Health Resources

The evolution of the human mitochondrial genome is characterized by the emergence of ethnically distinct lineages or haplogroups. Nine European, seven Asian (including Native American), and three African mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups have been identified previously on the basis of the presence or absence of a relatively small number of restriction-enzyme recognition sites or on the basis of nucleotide sequences of the D-loop region. We have used reduced-median-network approaches to analyze 560 complete European, Asian, and African mtDNA coding-region sequences from unrelated individuals to develop a more complete understanding of sequence diversity both within and between haplogroups. A total of …

Pathogenesis Of Human And Bovine Cryptosporidium Parvum In Gnotobiotic Pigs, Sonia J. Pereira, Norma E. Ramirez, Lihua Xiao, Lucy A. Ward

United States Public Health Resources

To compare the pathogenesis of human genotype 1 (HuGl) and bovine genotype 2 (BoG2) Cryptosporidium parvum, neonatal gnotobiotic pigs were given 1-10 HuGl or BoG2 oocysts. The prepatent and patent periods were significantly longer for HuGl than for BoG2 C. parvum (prepatent, 8.6 vs. 5.6 days; patent, 16.6 vs. 10.3 days). BoG2-infected pigs developed signif- icantly more severe disease than did HuGl-infected pigs. BoG2 parasites were seen micro- scopically throughout the intestines during the prepatent and patent periods. HuGl parasites were only detected during the patent period in the ileum and colon but colonized the mucosal surface in significantly …

A Preliminary Linkage Map Of The Tick, Ixodes Scapularis, Amy J. Ullmann, Joseph Piesman, M.C. Dolan, William C. Black, Iv

United States Public Health Resources

A linkage map of the Ixodes scapularis genome was constructed based upon segregation amongst 127 loci. These included 84 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers, 32 Sequence-Tagged RAPD (STAR) markers, 5 cDNAs, and 5 microsatellites in 232 F₁ intercross progeny from a single, field-collected P₁ female. A preliminary linkage map of 616 cM was generated across 14 linkage groups with one marker every 10.8 cM. Assuming a genome size of ∼10⁹ bp, the relationship of physical to genetic distance is ∼300 kb/cM in the I. scapularis genome.

Anopheles Gambiae Genome: Completing The Malaria Triad, Kathryn S. Aultman, Michael Gottlieb, Maria Y. Giovanni, Anthony S. Fauci

United States Public Health Resources

The genome sequence of Anopheles gambiae, the major mosquito vector of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, as well as analyses of its gene content and organization, are reported by several teams of investigators in this issue. In addition, the sequence of the P. falciparum genome appears in this week’s issue of Nature. The genomes of these two organisms, along with that of the human, provide a triad of critical genetic information relevant to all stages of the malaria transmission cycle and offer unprecedented opportunities to the scientific and public health communities engaged in the fight against malaria, …

Real-Time Fluorescence Pcr Assays For Detection And Characterization Of Shiga Toxin, Intimin, And Enterohemolysin Genes From Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia Coli, Udo Reischl, Mohammad T. Youssef, Jochen Kilwinski, Norbert Lehn, Wen Lan Zhang, Helge Karch, Nancy Strockbine

United States Public Health Resources

PCR assays have proved useful for detecting and characterizing Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). Recent advances in PCR technology have facilitated the development of real-time fluorescence PCR assays with greatly reduced amplification times and improved methods for the detection of amplified target sequences. We developed and evaluated two such assays for the LightCycler instrument: one that simultaneously detects the genes for Shiga toxins 1 and 2 (stx₁ and stx₂) and another that simultaneously detects the genes for intimin (eae) and enterohemolysin (E-hly). Amplification and sequence-specific detection of the two target genes were …

Annual Report To The Nation On The Status Of Cancer, 1973-1999, Featuring Implications Of Age And Aging On U.S. Cancer Burden, Brenda K. Edwards, Holly L. Howe, Lynn A. G. Ries, Michael J. Thun, Harry M. Rosenberg, Rosemary Yancik, Phyllis A. Wingo, Ahmedin Jemal, Ellen G. Feigal

United States Public Health Resources

BACKGROUND. The American Cancer Society, the National Cancer Institute, the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries (NAACCR), the National Institute on Aging (NIA), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, including the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) and the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, collaborated to provide an annual update on cancer occurrence and trends in the United States. This year’s report contained a special feature focusing on implications of age and aging on the U.S. cancer burden.

METHODS. For 1995 through 1999, age-specific rates and age-adjusted rates were calculated for …

The Effects Of Depression And Anxiety On Memory Performance, Ali H. Kizilbash, Rodney D. Vanderploeg, Glenn Curtiss

United States Public Health Resources

The effects of depression and anxiety, as assessed by MMPI D and Pt scales, on memory performance was examined in 3999 veterans who completed the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT). Depressive symptoms (without anxiety) had an adverse effect on immediate recall of new information and the total amount (but not rate) of acquisition; however, retrieval and retention were unaffected. On the other hand, high levels of anxiety did not have significant detrimental effects on any aspect of memory functioning assessed including immediate recall, total amount acquired, retention, and retrieval of novel information. However, when depression was compounded by anxiety, there …

Chronic Ethanol Administration Decreases The Ligand Binding Properties And The Cellular Content Of The Mannose 6-Phosphatelinsulin-Like Growth Gactor Ii Receptor In Rat Hepatocytes, James Haorah, Daniel L. Mcvicker, James C. Byrd, Richard G. Macdonald, Terrence M. Donohue, Jr.

United States Public Health Resources

We have shown previously that chronic ethanol administration impairs the maturation of lysosomal enzymes in rat hepatocytes. The mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor I1 receptor (M6PLGF-IIR) is a protein that facilitates the transport of lysosomal enzymes into the lysosome. Therefore, we examined whether ethanol consumption altered the ligand binding properties and the cellular content of M6P/IGF-IIR. Rats were pair-fed liquid diets containing either ethanol (36% of calories) or isocaloric maltose-dextrin for either 1 week or 5-7 weeks. Hepatocytes prepared from these animals were examined for receptor-ligand binding and receptor content. One week of ethanol feeding had no significant effect on ligand …

Erratum To "Chronic Ethanol Administration Decreases The Ligand Binding Properties And The Cellular Content Of The Mannose 6-Phosphatelinsulin-Like Growth Factor Ii Receptor In Rat Hepatocytes", James Haorah, Daniel L. Mcvicker, James C. Byrd, Richard G. Macdonald, Terrence M. Donohue, Jr.

United States Public Health Resources

We regret that in the above article a mistake occurred in Table 2 and apologize for any confusion or inconvenience which may have resulted. It is now given correctly below.

Increased Hippocampal Volume In Schizophrenics' Parents With Ancestral History Of Schizophrenia, Josette G. Harris, David A. Young, Donald C. Rojas, Ana Cajade-Law, Ann Scherzinger, Safia Nawroz, Lawrence E. Adler, C. Munro Cullum, Jack Simon, Robert Freedman

United States Public Health Resources

Objective: Decreased hippocampal volume is one of the hypothesized pathological features of schizophrenia, but it is not known if this abnormality is familially transmitted. The aim of this study was to measure the hippocampal volume of the parents of schizophrenic probands. in relationship to the apparent transmission of genetic risk.
Method: Eighteen subjects from families consisting of a schizophrenic proband and two clinically unaffected parents were studied. Probands were compared to six control subjects, matched for age, sex, and educational level. The six families were selected so that only one parent had an ancestral family history of schizophrenia. The volumes …

Application Of A Rating System To State Clean Indoor Air Laws (Usa), J. F. Chriqui, M. Frosh, R. C. Brownson, D. M. Shelton, R. C. Sciandra, R. Hobart, P. H. Fisher, R. El Arculli, M. H. Alciati

United States Public Health Resources

Objective: To develop and implement a system for rating state clean indoor air laws.
Design: The public health interest of state clean indoor air laws is to limit non-smoker exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Current estimates of health risks and methods available for controlling ETS provided a framework for devising a ratings scale. An advisory committee applied this scale to each of seven site specific smoking restrictions and two enforcement related items. For each item, a target score of +4 was identified. The nine items were then combined to produce a summary score for each state. A state that …

Inhibition Of Hepatic Stellate Cell Collagen Synthesis By N-(Methy1amino)Isobutyric Acid, Thomas L. Freeman, Kusum K. Kharbanda, Dean Tuma, Mark Milliard

United States Public Health Resources

The increased deposition of extracellular matrix by hepatic stellate cells following liver injury, in a process known as activation, is considered a key mechanism for increased collagen content of liver during the development of liver fibrosis. We report that N- (methylamino)isobutyric acid (MeAIB), a specific inhibitor of System A-mediated amino acid uptake, reduces the accumulation of collagen in CFSC-2G hepatic stellate cell cultures and in a rat model of liver injury and fibrosis. Rat CFSC-2G cells were cultured in 0-5 mM MeAIB, and the accumulation and synthesis of collagen were measured by binding to Sirius red F3B and pulse-labeling with …

Effect Of Malondialdehyde-Acetaldehyde-Protein Adducts On The Protein Kinase C-Dependent Secretion Of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator In Hepatic Stellate Cells, Kusum K. Kharbanda, Kris A. Shubert, Todd A. Wyatt, Michael F. Sorrell, Dean J. Tuma

United States Public Health Resources

Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde-protein adducts (MAA adducts) are formed in hepatocytes of ethanol-fed rats and directly influence the hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) to induce their secretion of chemokines and to up-regulate their expression of adhesion molecules. Since protein kinase C (PKC) is known to play a major role in many diverse intracellular signal transduction processes, we investigated whether MAA adducts influence the function of HSCs via a PKC-dependent pathway. HSCs in culture were exposed to MAA adducts, and PKC activity was determined. We observed a time- and concentration-dependent activation of PKC when cultures were exposed …

Ata2-Mediated Amino Acid Uptake Following Partial Hepatectomy Is Regulated By Redistribution To The Plasma Membrane, Thomas L. Freeman, Geoffrey M. Thiele, Dean J. Tuma, Tina K. Machu, Mark E. Mailliard

United States Public Health Resources

System A, the Na⁺-dependent amino acid transport activity, is encoded by the ATA2 gene and up-regulated following partial hepatectomy (PH), and its competitive inhibition interferes with liver regeneration. Rabbit polyclonal antibody was raised against a portion of the ATA2 gene product followed by immunodetection of ATA2 in isolated liver plasma membrane and lysate. The level of ATA2 increased in the plasma membrane following PH, while the relatively high quantity of ATA2 found in liver lysate remained constant. We also have shown that Northern analysis of steady-state ATA2 mRNA revealed no significant change following PH. These data show that …

Susceptibility Of Raccoons (Procyon Lotor) To Infection With Mycobacterium Bovis, Mitchell V. Palmer, W. Ray Waters, Diana L. Whipple

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis infection is endemic in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in the northeastern portion of the lower Michigan peninsula (USA). Various wild carnivores and omnivores, including raccoons (Procyon lotor), are infected with M. bovis within the endemic area. To investigate the pathogenesis of tuberculosis in raccoons and the likelihood of M. bovis transmission from infected raccoons to other susceptible hosts, we experimentally inoculated raccoons with single oral doses of M. bovis (ranging from 30 to 1.7 x 10⁵ colony forming units [CFU]), five daily oral doses of M. bovis (ranging from 10 …

Milk Containing Mycobacterium Bovis As A Source Of Infection For White-Tailed Deer Fawns (Odocoileus Virginianus), M. V. Palmer, W. R. Waters, D. L. Whipple

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Setting:White-tailed deer represent the first wildlife reservoir of Mycobacterium bovis in the United States. The behavior of does with nursing fawns provides several potential mechanisms for disease transmission. Little information exists concerning transmission between doe and fawn, specifically transmammary transmission.

Objective: Determine if fawns can become infected by ingestion of milk replacer containing M. bovis, thus simulating transmission from doe to fawn through contaminated milk.

Design: Seventeen, 21-day-old white-tailed deer fawns were inoculated orally with 2x10⁸ CFU (high dose, n=5), 2.5 x 105 to 2.5 x 106 CFU (medium dose, n=5), and 1x10⁴ CFU (low …

Co-Occurring Disorders Problem Gambling Integrated Treatment Workbook, Kathleen Moore, Chad O. Matthews, W. Michael Hunt, Laura Pape

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

In this stage (which will be discussed in Module 8 in more detail) the client has achieved abstinence for at least six months. As relapse of substance use and gambling disorders is common, one important goal is to help maintain an awareness that relapse is possible and to take steps to minimize the chan ces of relapse occurring. A second goal of this stage is to expand the client’s recovery to other areas of functioning such as social relationships and health. Comm on strategies include developi ng a relapse prevention plan, participating in self-help groups , and working on rehabilitation.

Co-Occurring Disorders Treatment Manual, Kathleen A. Moore, Chad Matthews, W. Michael Hunt, Laura Pape

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

This manual was created over a period of several months through the efforts of a working group comprised of substance abuse treatment practitioners and researchers affiliated with the Tampa PIC/Suncoast Practice and Research Collaborative project. The manual was field tested in several treatment agencies in the Tampa Bay area, and was then refined through feedback received by practitioners and clients regarding the manual’s utility, ease of comprehension, and perceived relevance of the material to their needs.

This manual provides a guide for conducting treatment groups related to co-occurring substance use and mental health disorders. Counselors should feel free to adapt …

Promoting Total Wellness In The Health Education Curriculum: A Holistic Approach, Alicia Marie Mciver

All Graduate Projects

The benefits of exploring, understanding, and balancing the social, mental, emotional, physical, and spiritual dimensions in one's life were researched. The research suggests that providing students in health education classrooms with meaningful avenues to learn about these dimensions within themselves would lead to higher levels of wellness and an overall higher quality of life. A handbook for educators was created to supplement parts of the existing curriculum, as well as show readers that this type of supplemental health handbook can be created by anyone to be used with any type of health curriculum. This handbook contains three health units. Each …

Mediating Disputes In Managed Care: Resolving Conflicts Over Covered Services, Nancy Neveloff Dubler

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

(Women And) Children First: Applicable To Lifeboats? Applicable To Human Experimentation?, Lainie Friedman Ross, M. Justin Coffey

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

The Lead-Based Paint Abatement Repair & Maintenance Study In Baltimore: Historic Framework And Study Design, Joanne Pollak

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

Results Of A "Stages Of Change" Pilot Survey From An Osteoporosis Prevention Outreach Program, Amy S. Gray

Inquiry: The University of Arkansas Undergraduate Research Journal

Osteoporosis is a serious health problem and crippling condition that often results in premature mortality and significant morbidity that may be manifested in the form of fractures, bone deformity, and pain. Osteoporosis affects almost 44 million people in the United States, 80% of whom are women. The purpose of this project was to test a pilot survey using the Stages of Change Model for health behaviors that may affect the risk of osteoporosis. Current research is lacking in use of the Stages of Change model for studying behaviors related to the prevention and reducing the risk of osteoporosis. Three surveys …

The Utilization Of Services Of Health Care Providers Among Patients Presenting To Family Physicians At A Teaching Hospital In Karachi, Pakistan, Waris Qidwai, Iqbal Azam, S. S. Ali, S. Ayub

Department of Family Medicine

Objective: To study the utilization of services of Health care providers among patients presenting to Family Physicians in a teaching hospital in Karachi.
Methodology: It was a cross sectional study. A questionnaire was developed to collect patient’s utilization of services of health care providers. The investigators administered the questionnaire to 387 patients, after purpose of the study was explained, written consent was taken and confidentiality was assured.
Results: The study population included more females than males, with average age of 32.6 years. The majority were married, well educated, in private and government service, were students or housewives. …

Determination Of Alpha-I Antitrypsin Genetic Deficiency In Duodenal Ulcer By Polymerase Chain Reaction, A Shahid, H Qureshi, S J. Zuberi, Anwar Ali Siddiqui, T Sultana, M A. Waqar

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Objective: To confirm alpha-I-AT deficiency status in duodenal ulcer using a combination of PCR and restricted enzyme digestion.

Methods: Fifty patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcer and hundred controls with no signs of the disease were included. Alpha-i-AT phenotypes were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction enzyme digestion.

Results:Alpha-I-AT concentration in duodenal ulcer patients showed a mean value of 2.12 ± 0.11g/1 (range: 0.52-3.95 g/1, p

Conclusion: Alpha-1 AT deficiency was found in 10% of duodenal ulcer patients. DNA analysis more accurately resolved the phenotypes as S and Z mutations (JPMA 52:545; 2002).