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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

469— Life Or Death: Decision Making In Sexual Disease Treatment Matters, Jason Ipolito Apr 2020

469— Life Or Death: Decision Making In Sexual Disease Treatment Matters, Jason Ipolito

GREAT Day Posters

Syphilis is an STI that has recently made a resurgence in homosexual populations. When infected, a patient has two options: seek treatment immediately or do not seek treatment. I used a system of differential equations that includes susceptible, exposed, treatment receptive, treatment non-receptive, cured, and dead state variables in order to determine the relationships among transmission rate, treatment options, and death rate. My model suggests that an individual’s treatment option has a larger effect on death rate than the transmission rate inherent to the disease. The model also contains two sets of equilibria: an unstable trivial disease free condition and …

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452— Potential Impacts Of Basic Reproduction Number On The Covid-19 Epidemic, Marisa Presutto Apr 2020

452— Potential Impacts Of Basic Reproduction Number On The Covid-19 Epidemic, Marisa Presutto

GREAT Day Posters

The basic reproduction number (R0) of a disease can be thought of as the number of cases that one case will directly generate if the rest of the population is susceptible to infection. The R0 of COVID-19 has recently become clearer; toward the beginning of the outbreak, the Imperial College Group estimated it to be somewhere between 1.5 and 3.5 (Imai et al. 2020), but they have now assumed a value of 2.4 (Ferguson et al. 2020). Using the Watts-Strogatz small-world model, I examined the effects of different R0 values within the original range on the …

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184— Mortality Rates Of Three Vaccine Preventable Diseases In Historic Rochester, Kayla Carlin Apr 2020

184— Mortality Rates Of Three Vaccine Preventable Diseases In Historic Rochester, Kayla Carlin

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The purpose of this study is to explore and compare the mortality rates of diphtheria, pertussis, and pneumonia in Rochester, New York from the mid-19th Century until the mid-20th century. The hypothesis of the study is that the proportion of deaths from diphtheria, pertussis, and pneumonia decreased with the presence of preventative initiatives. Public health initiatives about each disease will be used to help explain the mortality trends. Mortality statistics were collected and analyzed using transcription data from Mount Hope Cemetery. While diphtheria rates generally decreased over time, pertussis and pneumonia rates did not change even with new immunization initiatives. …

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215— The Fight For The Right To Live, Marlie Hess Apr 2020

215— The Fight For The Right To Live, Marlie Hess

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The opioid epidemic is becoming a serious crisis throughout the United States of America, and addiction as a disease is the pandemic that people need to start paying more attention to than COVID-19. Addiction is a serious disease and those who suffer from it are often neglected from society. This can make matters worse for those with addiction. The capitalist mentality that this entire country is founded on permeates the Big Pharma industry, which can be attributed to being a big contributor to the opioid addiction crisis. Everyone knows someone who struggles with addiction—1 in every 3 Americans has a …

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117— The Effects Of Comorbid Alcohol And Cocaine Use On A Cognitive Maze Task, Shreyya Malik Apr 2020

117— The Effects Of Comorbid Alcohol And Cocaine Use On A Cognitive Maze Task, Shreyya Malik

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In U.S., 1 out of 4 adults reported binge drinking in the past month, a prevalence that increases to over 50% in college populations. Binge drinking is a common precursor for alcohol use disorder, and risk of polydrug use also increases.Cocaine is frequently used in combination with alcohol. Little is known about the history of binge drinking and comorbid cocaine influence on memory. We developed a mouse model of alcohol and cocaine co-use to investigate how comorbidity influences performance on a working memory task. We ran two groups of mice that differed in their history of alcohol use. Group 1 …

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483— Effectiveness Of Mmr Vaccination In Orthodox Jewish Neighborhoods, Meenu Mundackal Apr 2020

483— Effectiveness Of Mmr Vaccination In Orthodox Jewish Neighborhoods, Meenu Mundackal

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Measles is a highly contagious disease, where large outbreaks arise by direct contact between susceptible (unvaccinated) and infectious individuals. Many Orthodox Jewish neighborhoods were affected by measles from 2018-2019. To quantify the vaccination effort on this susceptible population, a retrospective analysis was used to study the NYC and Rockland County populations using a differential equations model. A subsequent model, known as a realistically-structured network model, studied only the NYC population, in relation to typical household size. Vaccination strategies were applied to three cohorts: unvaccinated family members, members with 1 prior MMR dose, and members with 2 prior MMR doses. The …

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280— Exploring The Geographic Distribution Of Childbed Fever Deaths In Mid-19th Century Rochester, Ny, Meaghan Parks Apr 2020

280— Exploring The Geographic Distribution Of Childbed Fever Deaths In Mid-19th Century Rochester, Ny, Meaghan Parks

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Childbed fever, formally called puerperal fever or puerperal septicemia, is an infection typically contracted by women after childbirth. Historically, childbed fever was a serious threat to maternal health. Childbed fever is caused by exposure of open wounds or abrasions, which are common after giving birth, to group A and B Streptococcal bacteria. Ignaz Semmelweis discovered that hand washing using a chlorinated solution reduced cases of childbed fever in 1847. This project reviews the instances of death from childbed fever in Rochester, New York from 1837-1860 and later from 1907-1919 and attempts to determine which areas of the city had the …

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391— Mental Health Supports Readily Available For College Students, Heidi Granville Apr 2020

391— Mental Health Supports Readily Available For College Students, Heidi Granville

GREAT Day Posters

College students who struggle with mental illness need more resources and support services readily available to them while they are in school. This would help them succeed both as students and as maturing adults. Data collected from Penn State conclude that mental health issues are increasing as time goes on, more students are seeking counseling services, and more students have considered suicide. This data serves a purpose that the current public policy is not enough. Ultimately, when schools are ill-equipped to helping students who suffer from mental illnesses, those students cannot reach their maximum potential, and consequently, the suicide rate …

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484— Modeling Social Distancing Methods And Their Effectiveness In Combating The Spread Of Ebola, Rachel Fair Apr 2020

484— Modeling Social Distancing Methods And Their Effectiveness In Combating The Spread Of Ebola, Rachel Fair

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Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is a rare but severe disease that is transmitted among humans through direct-contact with, and close proximity to, infected bodily fluids. From 2014-16, West Africa experienced the largest Ebola outbreak ever recorded, infecting over 28,000 people, and killing over 11,000. Although the symptoms of EVD are treatable, the disease can be extremely deadly, with an average of 50% EVD cases resulting in fatality. In areas where healthcare is scarce and vaccinations are not readily available, the practices of social distancing and self-quarantining have been shown to be highly effective in combating the spread of EVD. To …

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465— Modeling Vaccine Efficacy For Tuberculosis In A Prison Population, Kaitlyn Mundackal Apr 2020

465— Modeling Vaccine Efficacy For Tuberculosis In A Prison Population, Kaitlyn Mundackal

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Tuberculosis is a highly contagious disease and is particularly problematic in confined communities such as prisons. I simulated how Tuberculosis moves through a prison population and tested how much vaccination effort is needed to control its spread. To explore this, I tested adding ever increasing numbers of randomly placed edges in a network and determined the size of the largest component. Afterwards, I removed edges in the model using two different methods, one illustrating if the edges were removed randomly and the other starting with prisoners that had the most connections, to simulate the effect of vaccination. My results show …

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298— Rural Economic Growth And Disease Intervention In Ghana; The Edward Pettinella '73 Endowed Ambassadorship In Business, Lucas Sutton Apr 2020

298— Rural Economic Growth And Disease Intervention In Ghana; The Edward Pettinella '73 Endowed Ambassadorship In Business, Lucas Sutton

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Schistosomiasis is a leading parasitic infection that debilitates many individuals in sub Saharan Africa. Because this parasitic infection involves a snail as an intermediate host, we use a native prawn species as a natural predator to decrease the population of this snail community. This study focuses on Tomefa, a primarily fishing peri-urban community located oi the outskirts of Accra, the capital city of Ghana. A survey was also given to the local community measuring economic characteristics. In the laboratory, Macrobrachium spp prawn exhibit preference of Bulinus snails over Biomphalaria snails while non-parasitic snails were consumed in higher proportion to parasitized …

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219— Insuring America's Youth: Examining The Success Of Medicaid And Chip Coverage, James Mcglynn Apr 2020

219— Insuring America's Youth: Examining The Success Of Medicaid And Chip Coverage, James Mcglynn

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Children make up 23% of the nation’s total population, but make up 32% of all persons in poverty. Given the overrepresentation of children among the US impoverished population, questions are raised on how best to provide much needed medical coverage to low income children. Currently, programs such as Medicaid and CHIP seek to provide low or no cost health coverage to children in low income households. However, the uninsured rate for children has risen from 4.9% to 5.5% in 2018. This is equivalent to about 425,000 children becoming uninsured. Do Medicaid and CHIP do enough to ensure that children in …

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269— Age Of Colon Cancer Screening - A Retrospective Review, Christopher Cook Apr 2020

269— Age Of Colon Cancer Screening - A Retrospective Review, Christopher Cook

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Colon cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related death in the U.S. In 2019, the American Cancer Society predicted that 101,420 people in the U.S. would receive a new diagnosis of colon cancer. Due to this high prevalence, there has been a recent debate about the appropriate age to start colon cancer screening. Currently, the American Society of Gastroenterology recommends that screening start for average risk individuals at the age of 50. Conversely, the American Cancer Society has recently recommended that colon cancer screening for average risk individuals begin at the age of 45. The aim of our …

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118— Environmental Enrichment As A Treatment For Cocaine Relapse, Shreyya Malik Apr 2020

118— Environmental Enrichment As A Treatment For Cocaine Relapse, Shreyya Malik

GREAT Day Posters

Cocaine addiction is a problem for millions of people, however we are still lacking an effective treatment. It is characterized by compulsive behaviour which marks difficulties in remaining abstinent, with a high risk of relapse. Here, I focus on the interaction between the post-drug environment and drug-seeking by testing one potential environmental treatment, an enriched environment (EE), to reduce risk of cocaine relapse. This study proposes to investigate neural circuits involved in environmental protection of context-induced relapse. Mice exposed to cocaine will be assessed for preference of a cocaine-associated context using the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. Mice will then …

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167— Success Or Struggle Of A College Student Based On Mental Health? A Review Of Suny Geneseo's Support Services, Keyanti Chavis Apr 2020

167— Success Or Struggle Of A College Student Based On Mental Health? A Review Of Suny Geneseo's Support Services, Keyanti Chavis

GREAT Day Posters

While there is research on mental health at SUNY Geneseo, few studies have examined firsthand accounts associated with the support services provided by the university and with individuals who have or have not had access to these resources. In this poster, I will present data from eight weeks of ethnographic data among students and staff on Geneseo’s campus. Lack of awareness about support services provided, complex stigmatization of mental health, and lack of appropriate funding and outside resources create the biggest barriers for receiving and facilitating mental health support services. I argue that a greater emphasis on mental health across …

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Kins 499 Mouthguard Use On Throwing Velocity, Nathan Iskowitz, Jo Morrison, Robert Blaisdell Apr 2020

Kins 499 Mouthguard Use On Throwing Velocity, Nathan Iskowitz, Jo Morrison, Robert Blaisdell

Virtual 2020 Spring Student Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

Successful pitching in baseball may be due to several factors including the mechanics of the motion, the strength, power, flexibility of the athlete, as well as their intent and fatigue levels. The pitching motion is a very powerful, violent, complex and abnormal range of motion of the body. In recent studies, it has been widely evidenced that the ability to produce instantaneous high peak force outputs is related to success in sport. Therefore, the ability to produce higher peak force may be related to the ability to pitching in baseball. Mouthguards have been shown to significantly increase power production in …

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Nurs 360: Mental Health In Adolescents And The Importance Of Seeking Help, Savannah Johnson, Carie Sutliff Apr 2020

Nurs 360: Mental Health In Adolescents And The Importance Of Seeking Help, Savannah Johnson, Carie Sutliff

Virtual 2020 Spring Student Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

Adolescents aged fifteen to nineteen have an increasing trend in the diagnoses of mental illness disorders. Along with this, the suicide rates have increased within this age group. Our research dives into the effects of different cognitive behavior therapies and their role on treating children with mental health disorders. We compared these results to suicide rates in children who have no exposure to medicinal or therapy treatment.

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Nurs 360: Pico Question: In Males, Do External Urinary Catheters Or Indwelling Urinary Catheters Provide Better Outcomes For The Patient?, Mary Waldrop, Landen Horton Apr 2020

Nurs 360: Pico Question: In Males, Do External Urinary Catheters Or Indwelling Urinary Catheters Provide Better Outcomes For The Patient?, Mary Waldrop, Landen Horton

Virtual 2020 Spring Student Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

Urinary catheters are one of the most often utilized invasive devices used in the hospital. “15–25% of all hospitalized patients are catheterized at some time during their hospital stay” (Kranz, Schmidt, Wagenlehner, & Schneidewind, 2020, p.2). These devices have a purpose but they come with consequences, some unavoidable. The aim of this research is to use the available evidence of catheterization to discover which option, an indwelling urinary catheter or an external catheter device, provides better outcomes by posing the least amount of risks to the male patient. At the conclusion of this study, the hope is to have an …

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Nurs 360: Are Preterm Infants Who Have Been Breastfed At An Increased Risk For Undernutrition Compared With Full-Term Infants Who Are Breastfed Without Complications?, Molly Mancini, Shannon Lyons Apr 2020

Nurs 360: Are Preterm Infants Who Have Been Breastfed At An Increased Risk For Undernutrition Compared With Full-Term Infants Who Are Breastfed Without Complications?, Molly Mancini, Shannon Lyons

Virtual 2020 Spring Student Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

Babies born prematurely can experience a variety of health issues. Preterm babies can develop “breathing problems, developmental delays, and vision problems” (“Preterm Birth”, 2019). On top of these issues, babies can also experience feeding difficulties. Premature babies have more problems latching which can lead to them ingesting an inadequate amount of nutrients. As a result, the baby can lack the essential vitamins and minerals needed to grow and thrive. The purpose of this research study was to explore the effects of being preterm on the ability to breastfeed and the risk of developing malnutrition compared to full-term babies. This research …

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Nurs 360: For Surgical Incisions, Does The Use Of Hydrocolloid Dressings Reduce The Risk Of Infection Compared With Silver Dressings?, Bailey Dallas, Searra Richardson Apr 2020

Nurs 360: For Surgical Incisions, Does The Use Of Hydrocolloid Dressings Reduce The Risk Of Infection Compared With Silver Dressings?, Bailey Dallas, Searra Richardson

Virtual 2020 Spring Student Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

Surgical incisions are cuts in the skin and soft tissue created to facilitate an operation or procedure. Afterwards, these cuts must be covered with a wound dressing to prevent infection from occurring. Hydrocolloid dressings and silver dressings are commonly used for surgical incisions. Hydrocolloid dressings are gel-like that stick to the wound to provide a moist, healing environment. Silver dressings release silver into the wound to provide an antimicrobial effect. The question is, based on evidence-based practice and nursing research, which dressing provides the best environment to prevent infection and promote optimum healing for surgical wounds. For our research, we …

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Nurs 360: Position Is Pertinent: In Ventilated Patients, What Is The Effect Of The Prone Position Compared To The Fowler’S, Supine, Or Lateral Positions On Patient Mortality?, Katie Loomis, Kaitlin Harris Apr 2020

Nurs 360: Position Is Pertinent: In Ventilated Patients, What Is The Effect Of The Prone Position Compared To The Fowler’S, Supine, Or Lateral Positions On Patient Mortality?, Katie Loomis, Kaitlin Harris

Virtual 2020 Spring Student Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

Our research focuses on the affect patient positioning has on ventilated patients’ mortality. We will be comparing the prone, fowler’s, supine, and lateral positions. These findings will help us come to a conclusion on what position is the best to use for ventilated patients.

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Nurs 360: For Females, Does The Use Of External Catheters Reduce The Risk Of Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infections Compared With Women Who Use Indwelling Foley Catheters?, Kalie Creasy, Lauren Richardson Apr 2020

Nurs 360: For Females, Does The Use Of External Catheters Reduce The Risk Of Catheter Associated Urinary Tract Infections Compared With Women Who Use Indwelling Foley Catheters?, Kalie Creasy, Lauren Richardson

Virtual 2020 Spring Student Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

Catheter-associated urinary tract infections are among one of the highest hospital-acquired infections. These infections are most commonly associated with the use of indwelling Foley catheters. The indwelling Foley catheter is placed through the urethra and can remain inserted for prolonged periods of time. This increases the risk for build-up of bacteria, which leads to the urinary tract infection. Due to the increased risk of infection, the external female catheter has now become an alternative. This device is placed externally, between the labia majora, and is changed every eight to twelve hours. This alternative has tremendously decreased the associated risk of …

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Nurs 360: For A Great Deal Of Nurses They Are Subject To Having To Participate In Mandatory Overtime, Are Nurses That Are Required To Participate In Mandatory Overtime, Just As Successful And Functional In Care For Patients As Nurses Who Are Not Required To Participate In Mandatory Overtime?, Tiffany Carter, Karissa Bright Apr 2020

Nurs 360: For A Great Deal Of Nurses They Are Subject To Having To Participate In Mandatory Overtime, Are Nurses That Are Required To Participate In Mandatory Overtime, Just As Successful And Functional In Care For Patients As Nurses Who Are Not Required To Participate In Mandatory Overtime?, Tiffany Carter, Karissa Bright

Virtual 2020 Spring Student Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

In times of crisis, many nurses are required to complete mandatory overtime in order to assure that there are enough nurses for the correct nurse-to-patient ratio. This can lead to a significant increase in burnout for nurses who might already be experiencing fatigue related to their position (Dyrbye, West, Johnson, & Cipriano, 2020). The purpose of this research is to evaluate current evidence on whether nurses who are required to participate in mandatory overtime are as successful and functional in patient care as the nurses who are not required.

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Nurs 360: What Is The Effect Of Prophylactic Administration Of Pitocin In The Third Stage Of Labor On Pregnant Women To Decrease Postpartum Hemorrhage And Maternal Death Rates?, Kasey Brill, Maureen Dalton Apr 2020

Nurs 360: What Is The Effect Of Prophylactic Administration Of Pitocin In The Third Stage Of Labor On Pregnant Women To Decrease Postpartum Hemorrhage And Maternal Death Rates?, Kasey Brill, Maureen Dalton

Virtual 2020 Spring Student Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

This research suggests the development of a universal protocol for prophylactic administration of Pitocin in the third stage of labor in order to prevent postpartum hemorrhage and decrease maternal mortality rates (MMR). The United States MMR has increased from 16.9 per 100,000 live births in 1990 to 26.4 per 100,000 live births in 2015 (Zelop, 2018, p. 8). It is imperative that health care providers intervene at the third stage of labor to decrease the risk of death and complications.

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Nurs 360: Nursing Practice And Moral Distress, Tatum Newton, Tim Bolton Apr 2020

Nurs 360: Nursing Practice And Moral Distress, Tatum Newton, Tim Bolton

Virtual 2020 Spring Student Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

Objectives: The purpose of the research was to find how many newly graduated nurses and currently practicing nurses experience moral distress and burnout and what strategies are used to minimize this distress. Background: In acute care settings it was been shown that there are high numbers of nurses that experience moral distress and burnout due to internal and external problems. Methods: In this study multiple steps were used to fully compare each intervention and its efficacy in addressing moral distress through literature review and analysis. Results: The Dudinski Moral Distress Map is more effective for clinicians in practice due to …

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Nurs 360: In Hospitalized Women, What Is The Effect Of Using A Purewick® On The Decreased Risk Of Genitourinary Infections Compared With An Indwelling Foley Catheter Within A Hospital Stay?, Sara Jane Anderson, Karlie Walter Apr 2020

Nurs 360: In Hospitalized Women, What Is The Effect Of Using A Purewick® On The Decreased Risk Of Genitourinary Infections Compared With An Indwelling Foley Catheter Within A Hospital Stay?, Sara Jane Anderson, Karlie Walter

Virtual 2020 Spring Student Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

There is a variety of genitourinary infection which include but are not limited to catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). These infections are often considered nosocomial because they are commonly contracted in a healthcare environment like hospitals. “The most important risk factor for developing a catheter-associated UTI (CAUTI) is prolonged use of the urinary catheter” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2015a, para 1). CAUTIs can lead to increased length of hospital stay, additional treatments for the infection, side effects, and increased patient discomfort (Kelechi, Kelechi, & Qanungo, 2017). Due to this the use of an external female catheter or …

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Nurs 360: For Hospitalized Patients, Does The Use Of Hourly Rounding As A Fall Reduction Intervention Reduce The Risk Of Falls Compared To Using Fall Risk Education Alone?, Cheyenne Brown, Taylor Keeler Apr 2020

Nurs 360: For Hospitalized Patients, Does The Use Of Hourly Rounding As A Fall Reduction Intervention Reduce The Risk Of Falls Compared To Using Fall Risk Education Alone?, Cheyenne Brown, Taylor Keeler

Virtual 2020 Spring Student Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

Patient falls are prevalent within hospitals and are considered a never event if resulting in death or serious injury (Patient Safety Network, 2019). There are many precautions set in place in order to ensure that a patient is safe including having a call bell within reach, lowering the bed, bed alarms and using fall risk bracelets for those of increased risk. Some interventions are more effective than others, depending on the patient and their level of cognition (Heng et al, 2019, p.3). Education is a factor in fall reduction, but is not always reliable for those patients that don’t understand …

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Nurs 360: Does The Administration Of Code Ice To A Cardiac Arrest Patient Result In Regained Brain Function When Discontinued?, Taylor Tyree, Amanda King Apr 2020

Nurs 360: Does The Administration Of Code Ice To A Cardiac Arrest Patient Result In Regained Brain Function When Discontinued?, Taylor Tyree, Amanda King

Virtual 2020 Spring Student Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

The increase in heart disease in this country has created the need for more treatment options for out-of hospital cardiac arrest (OOHCA). Therapeutic hypothermia, also referred to as code ice, involves the cooling of a patient’s body temperature to around thirty-two degrees Celsius, and it has become a standard of care for patients who are resuscitated after a OOHCA. When these patients experience cardiac arrest outside of the hospital there is a risk for decreased brain function. This decrease in brain function can lead to patient being declared brain dead and placed on a ventilator. However, some research indicates that …

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Nurs 360: Is Music Therapy More Effective For Treating Depression In Patients Than Medication?, Kaitlyn Yasnowsky, Samantha Osterman Apr 2020

Nurs 360: Is Music Therapy More Effective For Treating Depression In Patients Than Medication?, Kaitlyn Yasnowsky, Samantha Osterman

Virtual 2020 Spring Student Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

Music therapy has been studied considerably in the last decade and analysts have successfully discovered that it can be a useful treatment for patients with depression. Specifically, researchers have found that this therapy has overall increased patient outcomes for both the elderly and end- of-life care patients. Depression medications are beneficial, but bring along many side effects. Music therapy has been found to increase patients’ sense of well-being, bring about excitement and motivation, and nevertheless provide greater socialization opportunities. Integrating music therapy into regular hospital treatment, nursing home, and hospice settings can overall increase patient outcomes and improve the negative …

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Nurs 360: What Additional Sensory Cautions And Individualized Interventions Would Be Beneficial To A Child With Autism Spectrum Disorder In A Hospital Setting?, Sarah Spencer, Hannah Arnold Apr 2020

Nurs 360: What Additional Sensory Cautions And Individualized Interventions Would Be Beneficial To A Child With Autism Spectrum Disorder In A Hospital Setting?, Sarah Spencer, Hannah Arnold

Virtual 2020 Spring Student Showcase for Research and Creative Inquiry

Going to the hospital is very stressful but it can be almost impossible for patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). These children are at a larger risk for being admitted to the hospital because of periodic and chronic health complications and possible self harm or aggressive behaviors. Many hospitals are making strides to improve these children’s hospital experiences. Interventions include improving training and finding ways to make the environment sensory friendly. Implementing these tactics into the future can greatly improve patient outcome and encourage people with ASD to come back to healthcare environment when needed and not be as afraid.

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